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64.9 Global Winds and Jet Stream.notebook December 02, 2016
Feb 241:07 PM
Essential Question: How can wind influence our weather and climate?
Key Concept: Weather forecasters look at local weather conditions. They also need to understand bigger weather patterns that move for thousands of miles around Earth. The air mass moving into your town might have come from near the North Pole.
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Review
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More Review
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Remember there are 3 climate zones:
1. ______________ = equator to 30 degrees
2. ______________ = 30 to 60 degrees
3. ______________ = 60 to 90 degrees
Each climate zone has its own convection current (cell)
64.9 Global Winds and Jet Stream.notebook December 02, 2016
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Let's get started...
Wind = Moving Air
Caused by uneven heating of Earth' surface...
...this creates differences in air pressure
... higher pressure air moves to lower pressure air
...and this sets air in motion.
This movement creates breezes and local wind patterns.
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GLOBAL WINDS =
Winds that blow steadily in consistent paths for thousands of kilometers.
These winds steer weather in a certain direction and can last for weeks.
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Factors that contribute to the wind's movement:
1. Earth spins on its axis
2. Convection cells
This explains why wind and water currents do not move in a straight line.
This curving of their path is called CORIOLIS EFFECT!
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Remember that in different
climate zones winds blow in
different directions.
64.9 Global Winds and Jet Stream.notebook December 02, 2016
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Global Wind Belts
created by:
heating of the Earth
rotation of the Earth on its axis.
In each hemisphere there are 3 global wind belts:
Trade Winds Westerlies Polar Easterly Winds
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Trade Winds
Blow east to west in the tropical region.
Warm air moves away from equator....so cold air moves in towards the equator.
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Westerly Winds
Blows west to east in the temperate zone
Flow towards the poles
Carry storms across the U.S.A
Seasons also affect this zone's weather.
Hurricanes start off in the trade winds then may be turned around once it enters the westerlies.
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Polar Winds
a.k.a Polar Easterlies
Blows northeast to west
May bring snow and freezing weather to the United States
64.9 Global Winds and Jet Stream.notebook December 02, 2016
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Jet Stream
A fastmoving ribbon of air that moves from west to east in the Northern Hemisphere around Earth.
It dips and bends and constantly changes positions. Does not follow a regular path.
High in the atmosphere
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Jet Stream
Flow for thousands of kilometers at up to 400 kilometers per hour
"Rivers of Wind"
2 types:
1. Polar Jet Stream: brings down cold polar conditions to north.
2. Subtropical Stream: brings warm tropical conditions to south.
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Jet Streams in everyday life
1. Meteorologist use the jet stream to help predict movement in storms
2. Airplanes either go with or against the jet stream.
with = faster flight = less fuel = less money for you!
against = slow flight = more fuel = more money for you!