5th Qin and Han China

8/6/2019 5th Qin and Han China

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Qin and

Han ChinaCindyKang

JasleenKaur

September 28,

Period 5

WHAP

DavidKawamura


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General Info

221 B.C. - 206 B.C.

Han

Dynasty

Qin

Dynasty 206 B.C. 220 A.D.

Qin Shih Huangdi

First Emperor

It was short-lived.

Dynasty Dynasty

It lasted over 400 years.

The Most Famous

RulerWu Ti


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Geography

Extended Chineseterritory to the

south

Reached up to

present-day Hong

Kong on the

South China Sea

and Northern

Vietnam.

Qin Dynasty


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Geography

HanDynasty

Extended toKorea, Indochina,and Central Asia.


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TradeMaritime Silk Road- origins in the Han dynasty.

Raw and processes silk transported along the overland silk road.

The maritime routes opened by Emperor Han Wudi provided access to

the Roman Empire via India.

The 7000 mile route spanned China, Central Asia, Northern India,

and the Parthian and Roman Empires.

Increased the number of

foreign merchants present in

China


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AgricultureThe Emperors encouraged the

development of agriculture.

Grew rice, and wheat, andprovided salt.

Under Wu Dis reign the Lou

Che was invented, which was

used for ploughing and sowing.

This saved manual labor.

Silk was invented and was used

as currency.


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Weaponry

Qin Dynasty

Used swords, daggers, billhooks, spears,halberds, axes, crossbow triggers, and

arrowheads.

Pi:Double-bladed spear.

Similar to a sword, a short sword.

Shu: Round metal-headed wooden club


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Weaponry

Dao: most widely used weapon.

Have blades and are used to slice, cut, hack and

chop.

Jiau (sword): During Han Dynasty, men of highposition wore it to show their stature.

Qiang (spear): Referred to as the king of thehundred weapons.

Ji (Halberd): a weapon with a steel tip mounted on

a long pole. During the Han Dynasty it was replaced

Han Dynasty


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Population Growth &Decline

With the advanced technology,farming flourished more. As farming

became more productive, populationthus naturally increased.

As the rulers expanded the

Chinese territory toward suchcountries as Korea and Vietnam,population increased as more landwas gained.


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Disea

se

Bubonic Plaguenot only decreased population, but also disrupted trade,

industry, finance, and society.

European Plagues

spread over the silk roads brought down the Han Empire .

Small Pox, Measles, Chickenpox, and Rubella spread

throughout countries through trade.

The East-West trade linking Rome with china through the

Silk Road introduced Small pox and measles to China.

Writings were found suggesting that an ancient disease

called Leprosy existed. Can be referred to as Leprosy or

Syphilis.May have been introduced into China from India.


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Migrations

As the empire expanded southwardinto present day Hong Kong, andlater further towards Korea,Indochina, and Central Asia, peoplemoved to these new areas as they

provided new opportunities forfarming, and overall wealth andprosperity.

v

Inter-migration withinChina


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Social Structure

Aristocracy & Bureaucracy

Skilled laborers, Iron workers,

farmers, etc.

Unskilled laborers

In Han China, there was a three tier social system. At the

top of this was the Aristocrats and Bureaucrats, followed

by the skilled laborers (iron workers, farmers, etc) and then

the unskilled laborers which included people like servants.


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Gender

StructureWomen were subordinate and had their ownclearly defined roles.Women sometimes gained power as mothers in law of

younger women brought into the household.

Same gender hierarchy existed among children. Boys > Girls

Considered the head of family, the oldest son

who had the most authority other than his father,

inherited everything.


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The Arts

The arts did not exist in the Qin Dynasty because Emperor Qin Shihuang

ordered musical instruments and art forms to be burned. He considered

them an unnecessary item in China because it taught people to have their

own thoughts.

Qin Dynasty

Han Dynasty

Emperors and musicians during the Han Dynasty wished to bring

back the arts.

They wanted to adapt to Confucian thought, which consideredmusic as an intellectual pursuit.

Office of Music (Yuefu) was created to collect the folk music of

China

During the Han Dynasty 829 people were employed in threeorchestras.


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Literature/Sacred Writings/WritingSystem

Several writers elaborated Confucian

philosophy during the Han dynasty.

Confucian writing

Five Classics: Were used in civil service examinations.

Included historical treatises, speeches, and a discussion of

etiquette and ceremonies

Learning and reciting poetry became

significant part of Chinese education

During the Qin Dynasty, the language was unified as one

most commonly used script: Lishu script. They used it because

it was faster and more accessible, which they needed for

governmental issues.


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Government

StructureHe provided a single law code for

the whole empire

Established a uniform tax system

Appointed governors to each district. These

rulers had legal and military powers. They also

had their own lower rulers for smaller regions.

Epitome of effective centralized

government

Shih Huangdi


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Government

StructureEstablished 130,000 bureaucrats. Had to take examinations.Han DynastyJudicial matters were done by local governments.

Military was not extremely strong.

Emphasized Confucian philosophy as an official

Chinese values..

Sponsored public works (irrigation/canal systems)

Standardized currency to facilitate trade

Regulated agricultural supplies


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Family

OrganizationPatriarchal familiesExtended family networks through brothers, uncles,

grandparents, and others.

The practice of ancestor worship was

important to family authority among the

affluent landowners.

Village authority was supreme over family

rule among the ordinary farmers.


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Religious Beliefs

Han Buddhism was popular during the Han Dynasty.

Taoism was popular during the reign of the Han

Dynasty.

Under the Qin Dynasty schools of Taoist philosophybegan to emerge.

Confucianism was popular during both dynasties.

Buddhism originated in northern India during the 6th

century.

Emperor Tai Wu persecuted Buddhism.

Buddhism

Taoism/Daoism

Confucianism


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The

End

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5th Qin and Han China