31
Ancient China: The Qin & Han Dynasties 6-3.1: SUMMARIZE THE MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE CHINESE CIVILIZATION FROM THE QIN TO THE MING DYNASTIES

Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Ancient China:

The Qin & Han Dynasties 6-3.1: SUMMARIZE THE

MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS

OF THE CHINESE

CIVILIZATION FROM THE

QIN TO THE MING

DYNASTIES

Page 2: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Main Ideas

Government- Shi Huangdi conquered he warring

states, unified China, and built a strong government.

Government-The Han Dynasty took over

China and established a strong empire that

lasted 400 years

Culture-Life in Han China set a pattern that is

still seen today

Page 3: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

“How did the Qin

Dynasty unify China?

As we go through the next slides, ask yourself this question based on the

information given.

Page 4: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

A Legalistic Ruler

Under the Mandate of

Heaven ongoing wars

were signs for the new

ruler

Emperor Shi Huangdi

from the state of Qin-

new ruler (13 years old)

Page 5: Ancient china qin and han dynasties
Page 6: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Shi Huangdi of Qin

He began ending battles between the Warring

States in 221 BC

Conquered rival states, drove out nomad

invaders, expanded China

Ran country as a Legalists, wiped out Confucian

teachings

He had 460 critics of Confucianists killed & burned

books (Why do you think he killed so many?)

Page 7: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Uniting China

Shi Huangdi wanted personal control of strong central

government

Weakened noble families by taking land, made them live in the

capital

United his lands by building highways, irrigation projects

Forced peasants to work on projects, used high taxes to fund

them (similar to how Egyptian Pharaohs built their pyramids)

Page 8: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Uniting China

Set government

standards fro weights,

measures, coins, writing

This made it easier to

trade and do business

everywhere in China

Page 9: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

The Great Wall

Shi Huangdi built a long wall on the northern boarders to stop invaders

Forced hundreds of thousands of peasants, criminals to built it

Many died from hard labor, creating resentment among people

First Great Wall linked smaller walls from Time of Warring States

Page 10: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Predict how

this Great Wall

will play a part

in the future

dynasties and

government

control of

China.

Video 4:48

Page 11: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

The Qin Dynasty Ends

Shi Huangdi died in 210 BC

Was buried in an elaborate

tomb (similar to a pyramid)

Army of terra cotta soldiers

buried nearby

Discovered in 1974

Q: Sound familiar?

Discovering the Qin video-2:50

Page 13: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

“How did the Han

rule China?

The Han Dynasty

Page 14: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

The Han Replace the Qin

Civil War broke out at the end of

the rule of Shi Huangdi’s son

General Liu Bang defeated the

Qin, ended the war, reunited

China

Liu Bang began the Han

Dynasty- lasted from 202 BC to

about 220 AD

Page 15: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Han Government

Lui Bang kept strong government, lowered taxes, reduced punishments

Had peasants build roads, canals, irrigation system

Set up bureaucracy-chosen officials ran offices, bureaus

Officials were often Han family members & trusted people

To find officials, they gave people a system of tests on Confucianism

Tests helped select educated, ethical people

Page 16: Ancient china qin and han dynasties
Page 17: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Empress Rules

Liu Bang died in 195 BC; his

widow, Empress Wu, ruled for

her son

Outlived her son, kept

power by placing infants

on the throne

Died in 180 BC; all her

relatives were executed.

Page 18: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Expanding the Empire

Wudi, known as the Martial

Emperor, ruled from 141 to 87

BC

Wars expanded borders to

south China, north Vietnam,

north Korea

Han stayed in power despite

rebellions, revolts, floods,

famines

Page 19: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Han Confucian

Social Class Emperor, his court, & scholars that held government positions

Largest class: peasants

Artisans who made items for daily life and luxury

Lowest class: Merchants (lowest class b/c they did not

made anything)

The military was not an official

social class because of

Confucian beliefs, but joining

did increase a man’s chance

of rising in social status

because the military was

considered a government job https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5lit3HMnp-g

Video: Tung Chung-shu: Confucianism in the Han Dynasty

Page 20: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Daily Life in Han China

Much of Han society lived in villages,

worked on farms

Most lived in one or two story mud

houses

Rich farmers used oxen to pull plows;

poor pulled plows themselves

Simple clothing included clothes

stuffed like a quilt for cool months

Page 21: Ancient china qin and han dynasties
Page 22: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Daily Life in Han China

They raised wheat, millet in the north, rice in the south

Fish and meat were expensive so most people ate them in

small portions

Page 23: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

City Living

Han cities were centers of trade,

education, government

Cities were crowed with merchants,

craftspeople. Government officials

Entertainment included musicians,

judges, jugglers, acrobats

Some writers say the cities also had

street gangs

Page 24: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Quick Recap of the info

In 221 BC, the Qin ruler Shi Huangdi unified China and

ruled by harsh Legalist principles

The Han Dynasty ruled over a large and successful land

The Han Chinese way of life is reflected in Chinese life

today

Why it matters now…. Strong government remains

important in Chinese life today.

Page 25: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Amazing Achievements

Art & Literature:

figure paintings (portraits of people)

Paintings of realistic scenes from life (some

on walls & tombs)

Fu poets combined prose and poetry to

create long works of literature

Shi featured short lines of verse that could

be sung

Page 26: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Science: ancient

Seismograph (device that

measures the strength of an

earthquake).

When an earthquake struck,

a lever inside caused a ball to

drop from a dragon’s mouth

into a toad’s mouth,

indicating the direction from

which the earthquake had

came.

Page 27: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Science: Sundial-

uses the position

of shadow cast

by the sun to tell

the time of day.

Page 28: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Medicine: Acupuncture-

the practice of inserting fine

needles through the skin at

specific points to cure

disease or relieve pain

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=re58c7swYAUhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMWZmQth2GM

Page 29: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

The Silk Road

4,000 mile-long network of routes stretched westward from

China across Asia’s deserts and mountain ranges, through

the Middle East, until it reached the Mediterranean Sea

Expanded China’s trade and wealth

Named after the most famous item traded on these route-

Silk

Exchanged ideas: religion, law, advancements

Page 31: Ancient china qin and han dynasties

Buddhism Comes to China

1st Century AD- came to China via culture

diffusion via trade of Silk Road with India

During time of government chaos and

hunger throughout China, the people

could not find answers in Confucianism or

Taoism- they turned to Buddhism for those

answers

Buddhism offered rebirth and relief from

suffering- promises that led to the Chinese

embrace its teachings

Largest statue of Buddha in

the world