5population

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PopulationPOPULATION

STATUS

World Population

[2000 A.D] ; 7 Billion{700 Crore}

IndiasPopulation[2000 A.D]; 1 Billion {100 Crore}

IndiasPopulation[2004]

; 102.8 Crore


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Indias Population is expected to exceed

Chinas population in 2035.

Expected Population in 2035 ; 146

Crores

Current Annual Growth Rate ; 1.94


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Most populous States in India

U.P 166 million Maharashtra 97 million

Bihar 83 million

West Bengal 80 million

Tamil Nadu 63 million

Lakshadweep has the lowest population of61000


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Our world population is rapidly growing.

Today: Over 6 billion people and on the rise

Increased immigration / lack of migration (urbanization)

Lack of education and contraceptive use

Medical advancements

Leads to environmental and social impacts.

Deforestation

Global Warming Natural disasters, sea level rising

Lack of natural resources

Lack of freshwater

Pollution

Diseases


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Since the early 1800s,

the human population

on Earth has beengrowing exponentially.

Current world

population estimate is:

6,404,307,344 people asof December 4, 2004


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Human Population

History


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In 1850, the human population reached its first billion.

By 1930, it was 2 billion.

By 1960, the human population reached 3 billion.

Then in 1975, 4 billion, and so on


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The human population is

now growing at a rate of

about 3 people/second or

260 thousand/day or

1.8 million per week or

93 million/year


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Each dot represents

1 million people


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The overall rate of population increase depends on the number of

births and deaths, but also on the length of generations -- the age at

which women have their first baby.


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Birth/Death Rates When a substantial proportion of a country's

population is young, high population growth rates in acountry are to be expected, even if the average totalfertility rate is modest. The reason is that so manyfemales are of childbearing age, that even a modestaverage total fertility rate results in a large number ofbirths.


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Total fertility rate (TFR) - estimate of the average number

of children a woman will have during childbearing years

In 1995, the TFR was 3.1 children per woman.

This map shows the average

number of children born to a

woman during her lifetime.

The darker the color, the

greater the number of children.

Childbearing years are usually

considered to be the ages of

15-49.


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At or below replacement level (2.1) since about1972 because:

widespread use of birth control

availability of legal abortion

social attitudes favoring small families

increasing cost of raising a child to age 18($177,000 for low-income family, $231,000 formiddle-income & $335,000 for upper-income)

increase in average age of marriage between 1958& 1992 (from 20 to 24.4 for women, and from 23 to26.5 for men)

More women working outside home (child-bearingrate of "working" women 1/3 that of women not inpaid labor force)

delayed reproduction

Fertility Rates in the US peaked in

1957 at 3.7 children/woman


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Personal hygieneand improvedmethods ofsanitation have

played a major roleand preceded theimpact of modernmedicine and, inparticular, the

development ofantibiotics capableof reducing death

due to infection.

Figure 5: Death Rates per 1000 over Time

The combination of decreasing death rate due to the march of progressin sanitation and medicine, coupled with the decrease in birth rate dueto changes in the economies, has led to a profound change in thepopulation growth curve in the developed world. This change is called

the Demographic Transition.


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Carrying capacity- the maximum population that

can be supported by the av

ailable resources. Biological Carrying Capacity about 50 Billion

We strive for a modified population at which a

maximum population can be maintained at an

acceptable standard of living- Cultural CarryingCapacity.


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According to the latestUnited Nations

projections, the mostlikely scenario forpopulation in 2050 willbe around 8.9 billion, andwill peak out slightly

above 10 billion after2200.


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As population grows, consumption ofvaluable

resources and pollution increases, which threatens

to overwhelm the Earths ability to provide for the

human race and other life forms.

Overpopulation creates low living

standards, outbreaks of civil wars, not enough

jobs, poor food supplies, and reduced educationstandards.


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Food

Overcrowding

Po

verty

Global warming and green house effects


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Deforestation

Biodiversity destruction

Water scarcity

Land loss

Stress on natural resources


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1) Train and educatethepeople of developing countries so thatthey canpursue

industrialization. As they progress, they will be less dependent on other countries forassistance.

2) Educatethepeopleinhow to managetheirexistingnatural resources sustainable.

3) Demonstrateto thepeoplehow theirnatural resources can be used to generateincome(example: ecotourism and its associated benefits).

4) Considermeans of financingindustrializationefforts. This an beinthe shape ofloans, outrightgifts, etc. from countries which are already developed.

5) Educatethe developing countries about agriculture. Help them discover which crops canbe successfully grownin their climates and teachthemhow to grow these crops so thatthey will be less dependent on outside aid for food.

6) Educatethepeople abouttheeffects of overpopulation ontheir ownnation.

7) Provideinformation on birth control methods and financeprojects to providethistechnology to thepeople.

8) Assistthe countries in offeringtheir ownincentives to their citizens to reducethe birthrate (example: tax cuts for families whichvoluntarily have less children).

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