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Huawei proprietary
5G Vision and Key Access
and Networking Technologies Huawei Technologies, Canada Ltd. Contact: [email protected]
WINLAB Fall 2015 Conference
Dec. 03-04, 2015
NJ, USA
Global Talents Focusing on 5G Research
Paris Moscow
Stockholm
Shenzhen
Chengdu
Ottawa
Shanghai
Stockholm, Sweden •System Architecture •Algorithms
Paris, France •Standardization
Munich, Germany •Verticals
New Jersey, USA •5G Transmission
Ottawa, Canada •5G Radio •Network Architecture
5G Research Centers in China •Shen zhen •Shang hai •Cheng du
Moscow, Russia •Fundamental Algorithms
500+ 5G Experts 9 5G Research Centers
Munich New Jersey
Page 3 Huawei proprietary
5G Vision
Air Interface technologies for 5G
Networking Technologies for 5G
Current 5G related standard activities
Contents
Page 4 Huawei proprietary
5G Vision
Page 5 Huawei proprietary
Today's Long Tail, Tomorrow's Dominant Field
Use Cases
Traffic /Revenue
Body Today's Long Tail
Voice
Web
Video
Massive IoT
Vehicular Telematics
Tele-operation
AR/VR MirrorSys High Speed
Railway
……
1ms Latency
1Million Connections/km2
10Gbps Throughput
5G will enable new applications, new business models, and even new industries
Page 6 Huawei proprietary
Diversified Challenges and Gaps to Reach 5G
Network Architecture
Slicing Ability
Required
Connections
1,000K Connections
Per km2
Mobility
500km/h
High-speed Railway
Throughput
10Gbps
Per Connection
Latency
1 ms
E2E Latency
5G
100Mbps 10K 350Km/h 30~50ms Inflexible
LTE
GA
P 30~50x 100x 100x 1.5x NFV/SDN
7
5G Will Carry Many Industries and Benefit Stakeholders
Empower Internet of Things
End User groups
• Ubiquitous consistent experience
• New services
Customers (Verticals es & Other Network Providers )
• Easy access to the common infrastructure of 5G
• Real-time, on-demand service
• Easy deployment & maintenance
• Flexibility for multiple industries (SLICING)
Network Providers
Enhance Mobile Internet
Infrastructure Providers
• Combine infrastructure to form one infrastructure for network providers
Page 8 Huawei proprietary
4G
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
5G Innovations Will be Applied to 4G to Leverage 4G Investment
Revolution
Evolution
5G innovations will be applied to 4G
R14 R13 R15 R16 …
5G
R12
…
4G will simulate the emergence of new applications for 5G
4.5G
Page 9 Huawei proprietary
Key Concerns for Reaching 5G
Flexibility & Spectrum Efficiency
One Physical Network Multiple Industries
New Air Interface New Network Architecture
Aggregate All Available Bands
Spectrum
Page 10 Huawei proprietary
5G Will Aggregate Sub 6GHz and the Bands >6GHz
WRC15 WRC19
10 50 40 30 20 60 80 70 90 1 5 4 2 6 3
5G Complementary Bands for Capacity, 45GHz available 5G Primary bands
GHz
Visible Light
Cellular Bands
Requirement >500MHz for IMT-2020
45GHz available for future Cellular Access and Self-Backhaul
100
Page 11 Huawei proprietary
Access Technologies
Page 12 Huawei proprietary
5G: A Single UAI targeting Diverse Requirements
Diverse Applications
Diverse QoE
Diverse Adoption
Data Rate Latency Connections Battery Life Voice Web Video Verticals…… Outdoor/ indoor
Wide/Deep coverage
Low/High band
Wide/Narrow Bandwidth
UAI (Unified Air Interface)
to meet the diverse requirements
Page 13 Huawei proprietary
New Air Interface
SCMA
F-OFDM
Polar Code
Full Duplex Massive MIMO
Mobile Internet Internet of Things
One air interface fits many applications with high flexibility,
at least a 3x spectrum efficiency improvement
Adaptive Air Interface
SCMA: Sparse Code Multiple Access F-OFDM: Filtered OFDM
Page 14 Huawei proprietary Page 14
UCNC - UE Centric No Cell Radio Access
D2D enabled UE Cooperation C-RAN based UE centric TP Optimization
Abstraction of the UE radio access with virtualized the
cell concept to enable RAN slicing by
Decoupling the UE from physical cell-site
Decoupling DL/UL
Decoupling Control/Data
Decouple physical topology with services
Cell centric cellular to UE centric no cell
New UE and network transmit node association mechanism enabled by “Hyper cell ID” and “Dedicated UE connection ID”
CRAN and D2D enabled UE centric transmission point (TP) cooperation and device cooperation to eliminate “cell edge”
New UE states support massive connected devices with low signaling overhead and energy consumption
Seamless mobility transparent to UE with simplified procedural and reduced latency
Page 15 Huawei proprietary Page 15
eMBB Enhanced Mobile
Broadband
mMTC Massive Machine Type
Communications
uMTC Ultra-reliable and Low-latency
Communications
Future IMT
New waveform e.g. f-OFDM
Wider Bandwidth
Adaptive frame structure
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access,
e.g. SCMA
UCNC
Massive MIMO
Polar Code
Grant-free multiple access
Narrow band SCMA
Asynchronous (TA-free) Transmit
UE dedicated connection ID
Polar Code for small packet
Shorter TTI
SCMA based grant-free Tx
Fast system re-entry scheme
ACK/NACK less re-transmission
UE cooperation diversity
New data notification methods
Polar Code
Potential Technologies to Meet ITU Requirements
Page 16 Huawei proprietary
Networking Technologies
Page 17 Huawei proprietary
Challenges for 3G/4G Wireless Networks
1. Infinite types of services/applications
with huge disparate QoE/QoS
requirements are emerging
2. Operation of network should be
optimized for different vertical
services
3. Openness of future networks –
service customized functions, other
than network functions
4. Integration of eMBB/mMTC/uMTC
1. One-fit-all user plane architecture not
optimal
• Different service requires different mobility
management, charging policy, authentication,
etc
2. MME, RRC, PCRF, etc only optimized for
individual mobile services
3. Closed model in 3G/4G
4. By nature, 3G/4G optimized for personal
communications
5G 3G/4G
Page 18 Huawei proprietary
Technology Requirement for 5G Wireless Network
NFV and SDN
Customization Integration (Service/Infrastructure)
Automation
Cooperation Future Proof Simplicity
E2E Network Slicing Model
Page 19 Huawei proprietary Page 19
Business Model for VN Service Slice
VN Customer has an end user
(device) population
MTC (Alarm, Sensor company)
Video distribution company
Police, Fire
E-health monitoring service
VN Customer 1
Slice Network
Provider A
Network
Provider B
VN Customer 2
Slice
Infra-structure
Provider C
Infra-structure
Provider A
Access Points
End User
Population
(Customer 1)
End User
Population
(Customer 2)
Control + Resources
Or
Connectivity service
(Dynamic or static)
Infra-structure Provider (InP)
Provide resources and controlling
technology with Phy abstractions
Dynamic or static
Provide connectivity service in specific
geographical area
Network Provider Telecom
Connectivity Service Provider
(TCSP)
Own or borrow resources from InPs.
Service Provider A may own infra-
structure Y
Also called VNO (VN operator)
Infra-structure Abstraction
TCSP Offers an E2E Service Slice to the Customer
20
Service Customized Virtual Networks (SCVN)
DC
DC @
C-RAND-RAN
DC
Physical
GWNI
8888
8888
8888
eMTC slice
eMBB slice
Other slices (common or
4G slice)
D2D slice
cMTC slice
Edge network segment
• hard slicing
Central network segment
• soft slicing
3G/4G network
• a network slice
5G Key L1
Enabling
Technologies
21
Compose Network Slices (Independent, Isolated, E2E)
Network Slicing Technologies
(Examples)
1. Dynamic integer programming
algorithm for fast network topology
generation
2. Minimum perturbation re-
optimization linear programming
algorithm
Slice-1
Slice-2
Slice-3
Slice-4
Drastically Reduce the Dependence of
Network Functions
Page 22 Huawei proprietary Page 22
Slice Orchestration, Management and Creation
Service Request by VN operator (with Service attributes)
E.g., service function chain, Transport and Traffic distribution (time and space)
Admission Control (VNAC)
Creation of a Slice instance (Software Defined Topology – SDT)
Only Virtual Topology with instantiated VNFs
Network with reserved resources may allocate physical resources
Slice Operation (Software Defined Radio Resource Allocation –
SDRA)
Traffic engineering, monitoring, policing, charging etc.
Slice Termination
Page 23 Huawei proprietary Page 23
Slice Orchestration, Management and Creation Network Provider 2
Network Provider 1 Orchestrator/SONAC
OSS/BSS
Global Customer
Service Mgmt (CSM)
SDRA
- VNAC SDT SDP
Network Provider
Information
Database
(Public)
Infrastructure
Connectivity service provided by Slice A
Connectivity service provided by Slice B
Control Functions (customer controlled)
Control Functions (network controlled)
User Plane Functions (customer controlled)
User Plane Functions (network controlled)
Common Control functions
(network controlled)
e.g. Per user
Virtual SGW
Per service Virtual
SGW
Slice Specific control functions
(network or customer controlled)
Slice specific user plane
functions (network or
customer controlled)
CSM
Slice
A
VNFM VIM
Customer
(e.g. A vertical
service operator)
VNFs
Page 24 Huawei proprietary Page 24
Slice Orchestration, Management and Creation
A service slice is specifically prepared for the customer by slicing the network,
i.e., by creating a Network Slice. Several options:
Use existing matching network slice descriptor
- E.g. Another operator requests a eMBB slice. It is created using existing eMBB description.
Introduce a new network slice descriptor to create a network slice
instance
- E.g. Vertical service operator requests a new service (e.g. CDN). It is created using customized
network slice descriptor.
Integrate into an existing network slice instance, e.g. using same
resources, e.g.:
- Another MTC operator requests a similar MTC service
- An operator already having a network slice requests another service using the same resource
pool
25
SONAC (Service Oriented Network-Slice Auto-Creator) - Example
VNAC
+SDT
SDRA Logical topology
mapping to physical network resource
SDP End-to-end transport
protocol design
Customer Service Description/requirement Service level Graph QoE/QoS requirement
Un
de
r N
etw
ork
op
era
tor’
s c
on
tro
l
VN logical topology (placement of v-s-SGWs in infrastructure)
WN infrastructure (resource pool)
VN physical topology
VN with customized protocol Transport protocol defined by SDP
VN graph
Forwarding graph description; link description
V-u-SGW (U1) V-u-SGW (U2) F1
U2 U1
U2 U1
U2 U1
U2 U1
U2 U1
26
Required Network Technology Components
VN Admission/service negotiation:
– Different customer would have different demand distributions in time and space – How to get
multiplexing gain
– Different services needed different amount of resources based on QoS and geographical distribution
– How the charging is done for a customer having a large number of users with different services
– When customer request multiple slices using same resources how to make the admission decision
Software Defined Topology (Virtual if resources are not reserved)
– Optimal placement of the Service Functions? Virtual Topology Placement depend son traffic, mobility.
• Fast moving user can have its SGW much inside the network while slow moving user can have its SGW close
to edge. Similarly caching functions.
– For a hard slice or resource reserved slice physical topology also established.
– E.g.,MTC type of services aggregation points, message filtering, Customer functions, should be
strategically placed.
Page 26
27
Required Network Technology Components
• Traffic Engineering (TE)
– Slice Specific TE does dynamic resource allocation to slices and sessions. Per slice KPI and QoE guarantees are needed.
– If resource sharing is done, Global traffic engineering is required across the slices
– Depending on traffic load, invokes a resource coordination function for local areas, take action to control traffic or trigger for service re-negotiation
– QoE Guarantee – using user’s feedback or action monitoring, QoS to QoE mapping tables are stored (per user based, per group based, per application based) to deliver required QoS
– Access schemes for massive MTC and efficient short packet delivery
• Customer Service management, Connectivity Management, Caching and Pre-fetching, Context Management
– Imbalance between Demand vs Revenue prediction curves (e.g., Demand based charging, User in the loop)
– Per user and per service/slice based mobility handling/tracking
– Per slice based content distribution and caching and pre-fetching based on per user/group
– Context data analytics/storage and using them for efficient service delivery and for 3rd party usage
Page 28 Huawei proprietary Page 28
5G forums and standardization activities
Page 29 Huawei proprietary
Important 5G related Standard Activities
Industry: NGMN, 5GPPP, METIS II, FANTASTIC 5G, mmMAGIC, 5GXhaul, 5G-EX
Standards: ETSI /NFV, 3GPP (SA1, SA2 and SA5)
Current/recent activities in NGMN
– White paper on 5G issued in January, 2015 • (a) 5G vision; (b) 5G requirements; (c) 5G Architecture concepts; (d) Spectrum
considerations; • Basis for many other 5G standard organization activities
- Currently four work streams under Project P1 • WS1-Architecture, WS2-Verticals, (3) WS3-Requirements for better MBB and Telco services
and, (4) WS4- Interacts with standard development organizations. • WS1Further work under 3 groups:
• E2e Architecture – currently discuss definition of the SLICE • Network and Service Management • Security
Page 30 Huawei proprietary
Important 5G related Standard Activities
Current/recent activities in 3GPP SA1 – Services
• Discussed 5G use cases and categorized them into 4 main areas − Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB): higher capacity; enhanced connectivity; higher
user mobility. − Critical Communications (CriC): higher reliability with lower latency; higher reliability
and higher availability with lower latency; very low latency; higher accuracy positioning.
− Massive Internet of Things (mIoT): high connection density; low complexity; low power consumption.
− Network Operations (NEO): flexible functions and new value creation; migration and interworking; optimizations and enhancements.
SA2 – Architecture: Currently discusses the following - Key NextGen Architecture Requirements - Key Technical Areas and Key issues that need to be addressed
Page 31 Huawei proprietary Page 31
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2018 2019 2020 2021 2017 2022
Rel-10 Rel-11 Rel-12 Rel-13 Rel-14 Rel-15 Rel-16
3GPP
Req., Eval. Criteria
ITU Workshop
Proposal
WRC-12 WRC-15 WRC-19
Spec.
ITU-R
LTE New Branding (4.5G) LTE-Advanced (4G)
We are here
RAN
5G Timeline (Release 14 and onwards)
Eval
Notes: * Proposal submission to ITU no later than June 2019 * Spec submission to ITU no later than February 2020
Rel-17
5G SI(s) UAI, other features /
enhancements
5G WI(s) Phase-2
5G WI(s) Phase-1
5G WI(s) Phase-1: fundamental features of UAI
focusing on spectrum below 6GHz Phase-2: enhancement features of UAI
below and above 6GHz
5G SI(s) Start from UAI below 6GHz UAI above 6GHz will follow up
after the channel model above 6GHz is ready
Page 32 Huawei proprietary
Thank you
Copyright©2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved. The information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial and operating results, future product portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements. Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the information at any time without notice.
Page 33 Huawei proprietary Page 33
SCMA: Sparse Code Multiple Access
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
LTE-Advanced SCMA
Number of Connections
Nu
m o
f C
on
ne
ctio
ns
95
375
x3.9
Non-orthogonal multiplexing of layers
Overloading to increase overall rate and connectivity
Sparsity to limit complexity of detection
Multi-dimensional codewords with shaping gain and better spectral efficiency
Spreading for robust link adaptation
Grant-free access for reduction of both latency and signaling overhead
Page 34 Huawei proprietary Page 34
Polar Code for reliability and low energy consumption
For small packet (e.g. IoT, control channel), Polar Codes have 0.5-2dB gain comparing with
Turbo Code used in LTE, the gain is significant.
No error floor, suitable for ultra-reliable transmission
Low energy consumption
Page 35 Huawei proprietary Page 35
Waveforms and MA f-OFDM
SCMA
Ultra NB WF
Coding Modulation Polar
Turbo
Network Coding
Access Protocols Scheduled
Grant-free
Adaptive HARQ
Frame Structure Flexible TTI
Flexible
Numerologies
Flexible Duplex
Full-Duplex
Software Defined Air Interface (SoftAI) to
Integrate all Use Cases
Optimized RAT for each
application/use case
Dynamic or semi-static or static
configurable
Across frequency carriers or within
the same frequency carrier
Forward compatible: easy to add
future-proof new service/use case
Smooth migration of LTE
Soft AI
One size fits all (LTE) Air Interface Adaptation
(5G)
Page 36 Huawei proprietary Page 36
f-OFDM: Enable Future Proof Design and RAN Slicing
Filtered-OFDM
Frequency
Driverless Car Smart Metering MBB Broadcast / Multicast
Flexible subcarrier parameterization
Enable future proof design and RAN slicing by
allowing independent co-existence of multiple
services within the same carrier
Sub-band digital filter to control inter-block
interference (spectrum localization)
Orthogonal Intra block to maintain OFDM
benefits
Non-orthogonal to enable co-existence of
multiple numerologies without guard band
Same Carrier
MBB mMTC uMTC
Numerology-1 Numerology-2 Numerology-3