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Pink WC 10

W h t e

W Z 8

i

l B u e

W L 2 0

G r e e n

l B a c k

W L 1 0

r B o w

n

W

Z 4

y

0

G r e

W C 2

T u r q u o i

2

s e

W S

W T 2 0

R e d 1

0

Y e l

W T

l o w

W T 3 0 Lila c

W T 4 0 O r a g e n

TUNGSTEN ELECTRODES

W

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2

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Alloy elements

Thorium oxides Zirkonium oxides Lanthan oxides Cerium oxides

ThO ZrO La O CeO2 2 2 3 2

Rare materials ?????????????????????

Why Tungsten alloys?

To improve the fusion point

To improve ignition properties

To improve arc control

To avoid contamination of weld pool

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TungstenChemical designation = W

3Density = 19.3 g/cm

Fusion point = 3.380 C

Boiling point = 6,000 C

Unalloyed Tungsten (Pure Tungsten)

Designation = W Colour code = Green

Advantages AC welding, fine arc control

Disadvantages DC welding. Very poor ignition properties and arc

control

Tendency towards dropping Tungsten particles into the

weld pool in connection with ignition

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Thorium alloy Tungsten Designation = WT 10 = 0.9 - 1.2 % thorium oxide Colour code = Yellow Designation = WT 20 = 1.8 - 2.2 % thorium oxide Colour code = Red Designation = WT 30 = 2.8 - 3.2 % thorium oxide Colour code = Lilac Designation = WT 40 = 3.8 - 4.2 % thorium oxide Colour code = Orange

Advantages DC welding When contents of Thorium oxide increase, electrical

resistance will decline whereby the electron liberation willimprove

This improves ignition properties, lifetime and current load,at the same time the fusion point increases

High fusion point (approx. 3,600 C for WT 20)

Disadvantages Poor ability to establish a shiny surface on the electrodepoint in traditional AC welding which means flickering arc.At the same time there is a tendency towards Tungsten

particles in the weld pool

Tendency towards slagging in DC welding

Not environmentally friendly since Thorium gives off radioactivity during grinding of electrodes

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Zirconium alloyTungsten Designation = WZ 4 = 0.3 - 0.5 % zirconium oxide Colour code = Brown

Designation = WZ 8 = 0.7 - 0.9 % zirconium oxide Colour code = White

Advantages AC welding

No dropping of Tungsten particles into the weld pool

Disadvantages Poorer ignition properties than pure Tungsten

electrodes (W = green).

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Lanthan alloyTungsten Designation = WL 10 = 0.9 - 1.2 % lanthan oxide Colour code = Black

Designation = WL 20 = 1.8 - 2.2 % lanthan oxide Colour code = Blue

Advantages Both AC and DC welding

No tendency towards slagging

Longer lifetime than WT electrodes

Produces a shiny surface in AC welding

Higher fusion point than W-electrodes (3600C for WL 10)

No dropping Tungsten particles into the weld pool inconnection with AC welding ignition.

Disadvantages WL 10 (Lanthanated) cannot be loaded as much as WC

(Ceriated) electrodes as on ignition they start to dropTungsten particles into the weld pool, since they have alower fusion point than WC electrodes.

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Cerium alloy Tungsten Designation = WC 10 = 0.8 - 1.2 % cerium oxide Colour code = Pink

Designation = WC 20 = 1.8 - 2.2 % cerium oxide Colour code = Grey

Advantages Both AC and DC welding No tendency towards slagging

Fine ignition properties

Disadvantages

DC welding causes more wear on electrodes thanWL 20 (blue)

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Tungsten alloy withrare materials Designation = WS 2 = ? % rare materials Colour code = Turquoise

Advantages Both AC and DC welding

Smaller tendency towards slagging than WT (Thoriated)

AC welding produces a surface on the electrodepoint

Disadvantages No details on chemical content

DC welding causes more wear on electrodes thanWL 20 (blue)

shiny

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Grinding of Tungsten

Grinding grooves must always follow thelongitudinal direction of the electrode.

Electrode

Rest

Grinding disc

10

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Pointing angles

D smallerthan 2.5 mm

D largerthan 2.5 mm

Approx. 2D Approx. 1.5D

A small pointing angle gives a wide weld pool A large pointing angle gives a narrow weld pool Only for machine welding with Argon shielding gas.

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Pointing angles

0.5 mm

For machine welding it is an advantage to grind theelectrode point in order to prolong the lifetime.

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Handling of TungstenelectrodesBreaking a Tungsten electrode by hand has alwaysbeen forbidden. The electrode should always be cut orground, a very slow and expensive process, however,which the welder has often turned his blind eye to.That is why suppliers of electrodes have tried to solvethis problem.

Formerly, welders were always provided withunannealed Tungsten electrodes, which are very soft(flexible). Unfortunately, there will be longitudinalcracks if the electrode is broken, which will result in avery unstable and flickering arc. In recent years it hasbeen possible to buy annealed Tungsten electrodeswhich, however, are very brittle and will easily fly topieces if you break them. The electrodes may evenburst if you drop a storage cabinet with electrodes ona concrete floor or the like.

Annealed electrodes are the most frequently sold typeof electrode in Europe, and unless you specifically orderunannealed Tungsten electrodes, you will be suppliedwith annealed electrodes.

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15

Test period: week 52, 1997

Participants:Tests were carried out on standard AC/DCNiels-Jrgen Christiansen, AMU Center,machines. Please note that test results (suchRandersas current intensity, re-ignition propertiesStig Jensen, Migatronic(HF), (ACt-balance), (ACi-balance), (currentfrequency) and (electrode preheating) mayTests were carried out to demonstratebe different if other welding machines andwhether there are any types of Tungstenshielding gases are used.electrodes available that can be used as

alternatives to pure Tungsten electrodes forAll AC tests were carried out on aAC welding and Thorium alloy TungstenMigatronic Commander with the followingelectrodes for DC welding (the latter givesettings:off a little radioactivity during grinding).

ACt-balance: 65%We also hoped to find a type of electrodeACi-balance: 0 = neutralthat would be suitable for both AC and DCFrequency: 50 Hzwelding which would allow welders to useElectrode preheating: 0 = neutral just one type of electrodes instead of two or

three types.This test method can be used by individualworks for comparing two or more types ofTests were carried out with a view toTungsten electrodes by using the weldingdemonstrating the difference between re-machines available and the currentignition properties and lifetimes (wear ofintensities and other settings used for theelectrodes) in the case of welding stainlessrelevant welding operations.steel and aluminium with Tungsten

electrodes of different alloys (see table).

Lifetime and re-ignition propertiesof Tungsten electrodes

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17

CURRENT LOAD OF TUNGSTEN ELECTRODES

Welding current: DC Gas: Argon 10 l/min. Electrode dia.: 1.6 mmSlope up: 0 Slope down: 4 secs. Electrode point: 20

Type of electrode Comments

Green: WP Pure Tungsten Drops the point at 100 amp.

Red: WT 20 2% Thorium oxide Fusion at 180 amp.

Orange: WT 40 4% Thorium oxide Fusion at 180 amp.

Grey: WC 20 2% Cerium oxide Fusion at 180 amp.

Black: WL 10 1% Lanthan oxide Fusion at 180 amp.

Blue: WL 20 2% Lanthan oxide Fusion at 180 amp.

Turquoise: WS 2 ? % Rare materials Drops the point at 140 amp.

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Orange: WT 40 4% Thorium oxide. Load 240 A

Turquoise: WS 2 ?% Rare materials. Load 280 A

Black: WL 10 1% Lanthan oxide. 280 ALoad

Grey: WC 20 2% Cerium oxide. 280 ALoad

Green: WP Pure Tungsten. 200 ALoad

Red: WT 20 2 % Thorium oxide. Load 260 A

Blue: WL 20 2% Lanthan oxide. Load 240 A

I llustration no. 1

18

Welding current: AC 50 HzShielding gas: ArgonParent material: AIMg 2.5

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19


Welding current: AC 50 Hz Gas: Argon 12 l/min. Parent mat.: AIMg 2.5

Slope up: 0 Slope down: 4 secs. Electrode point: 70

ACt: 65% - Electrode dia.: 2.4 mm Elec. dist. to workpiece: 3 mm


Blue: WL 20 2% Lanthan oxide The point forms a small, shiny ball at 150 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 180 amp.Drops Tungsten at 220 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 240 amp.

Red: WT 20 2% Thorium oxide The point gets a coarse structure at 100 amp.Drops Tungsten at 220 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 260 amp.

Green: WP Pure Tungsten The point forms a small, shiny ball at 50 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 80 amp.The ball gets a larger dia. than elec. at 140 amp.Drops Tungsten at 200 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 200 amp.

Grey: WC 20 2% Cerium oxide The point forms a small, shiny ball at 100 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 180 amp.Drops Tungsten at 260 amp.

Arc becomes unstable at 280 amp.

Black: WL 10 1% Lanthan oxide The point forms a small, shiny ball at 100 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 200 amp.Drops Tungsten at 260 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 280 amp.

Turquoise: WS 2 ? % Rare materials The point forms a small, shiny ball at 100 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 160 amp.Drops Tungsten at 260 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 280 amp.

Orange: WT 40 4% Thorium oxide The point forms a small, shiny ball at 100 amp.The point gets a coarse structure at 140 amp.Drops Tungsten at 200 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 240 amp.

Lilac: WT 30 3% Thorium oxide

(not illustrated)

The point forms a small, shiny ball at 100 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 160 amp.Drops Tungsten at 260 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 260 amp.

See illustration no. 1

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20

Orange: WT 40 4% Thorium oxide. Load 260 A

Turquoise: WS 2 ?% Rare material. Load 220 A

Black: WL 10 1% Lanthan oxide. Load 220 A

Grey: WC 20 2% Cerium oxide. Load 240 A

Green: WP Pure Tungsten. Load 180 A

Red: WT 20 2 % Thorium oxide. Load 260 A

Illustration no. 2

Welding current: AC 50 HzShielding gas: Ar/He 70/30Parent material: AIMg 2.5

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21


Welding current:AC 50 Hz Gas: Ar/He 70/30 12 l/min. Parent mat.: AIMg 2.5

Slope up: 0 Slope down: 4 secs. Electrode point: 70

ACt : 65% - Electrode dia.: 2.4 mm Elec.dist. to workpiece: 3 mm


Red: WT 20 2% Thorium oxideThe point gets a coarse structure at 80 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 140 amp.Burns down on one side at 200 amp.Drops Tungsten at 260 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 260 amp.

Green: WP Pure TungstenThe point forms a small ball at 30 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 60 amp.The ball gets a larger dia. than elec. at 100 amp.Drops Tungsten at 180 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 180 amp.

Grey: WC 20 2% Cerium oxideThe point forms a small ball at 90 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 160 amp.The ball does not get a larger dia. than elec.Drops Tungsten at 220 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 240 amp.

Black: WL 10 1% Lanthan oxideThe point forms a small ball at 80 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 160 amp.The ball does not get a larger dia. than elec.Drops Tungsten at 220 amp.

Arc becomes unstable at 220 amp.

Turquoise: WS 2 ? % Rare materialsThe point forms a small ball at 80 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 160 amp.The ball does not get a larger dia. than elec.Drops Tungsten at 220 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 220 amp.

Orange: WT 40 4% Thorium oxideThe point gets a coarse structure at 80 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 140 amp.Burns down on one side at 220 amp.Drops Tungsten at 260 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 260 amp.

Blue: WL 20 2% Lanthan oxide

(not illustrated)

The point forms a small ball at 70 amp.A ball with dia. like elec. is formed at 130 amp.The ball does not get a larger dia. than elec.Drops Tungsten at 200 amp.Arc becomes unstable at 240 amp.


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22

Orange: WT 40 4% Thorium oxide

Turquoise: WS 2 ?% Rare materials

Black: WL 10 1% Lanthan oxide

Grey: WC 20 2% Cerium oxide

Green: WP Pure Tungsten

Red: WT 20 2 % Thorium oxide


Illustration no. 3

Welding current: AC 200 A 50 HzShielding gas: ArgonParent material: AIMg 2,5Load: 50 re-ignitions at 200 A

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23

T u n g s t e n r e - i g n

i t i o n p r o p e r

t i e s

M I G A T R O N I C C O M M A N D E R 3 2 0 A C / D C

W

e l d i n g c u r r e n

t : A C 2 0 0

A

5 0 H z

S h i e l d i n g g a s :

A r g o n

P a r e n t m a t . :

A I M g

2 . 5

T y p e o f e l e c

t r o d e

A f t e r

1 0

i g n i

t i o n s

A f t e r

2 0

i g n i

t i o n s

A f t e r

3 0

i g n i

t i o n s

A f t e r

4 0

i g n i

t i o n s

A f t e r 5 0

i g n i t i o n s

T o t a l

e v a l u a -

t i o n

C o m

m e n

t s

B l u e :

W L 2 0

2 % L

a n t h a n

F I

F I

F I

F I

F I

F +

V e r y

f i n e

i g n

i t i o n ,

p r o d u c e s a s h

i n y

b a l

l w i t h

t h e s a m e

d i a

. a s

t h e e l e c

t r o

d e

d i a m e t e r .

E l e c

t r o

d e w a s

t e s t e d a t

1 8 0 a m p ,

b e c a u s e

t h e

p e a

k l o a d

i s l o w e r

t h a n

f o r o

t h e r e l e c

t r o

d e s .

R e d : W

T 2 0

2 % T

h o r i u m

F I

F I / D T

F

S t o p s a f

t e r

2 0 i g n

i t i o n s , s i n c e

l a r g e q u a n

t i t i e s o

f

T u n g s t e n a r e

d r o p p e

d i n t o t h e w e l

d p o o

l . V e r y

c o a r s e s t r u c t u r e o

f t h e p o

i n t a f

t e r a

f e w s t

i t c h

w e l

d i n g s .

G r e e n : W

P

P u r e

T u n g s t e n

F I

F I

F I

F I

F I

F +

V e r y

f i n e

i g n

i t i o n ,

b u t p r o

d u c e s a s h

i n y a n

d

v i b r a

t i n g

b a l

l m u c h

l a r g e r

t h a n

t h e e l e c

t r o

d e

d i a m e t e r .

T h e r e a s o n

m a y

b e

t h e a l m o s t

m a x

i m u m

l o a d o

f t h e

e l e c

t r o

d e .

G r e y :

W C 2 0

2 % C

e r i u m

F I

F I

F I

F I

F I

F

F i n e

i g n

i t i o n , p

r o d u c e s a s h

i n y

b a l

l w h i c h i s a

l i t t l e

l a r g e r

t h a n

t h e e

l e c t r o

d e

d i a m e t e r ,

b u

t a

l i t t l e a s y m m e t r i c .

B l a c k : W

L 1 0

1 % L

a n t h a n

F I

F I

F I

F I

F I

F

F i n e

i g n

i t i o n , p

r o d u c e s a s h

i n y

b a l

l w h i c h i s a

l i t t l e

l a r g e r

t h a n

t h e e

l e c t r o

d e

d i a m e t e r ,

b u

t a


T u r q u o

i s e :

W S 2

? % R

a r e

m a t e r

i a l s

F I

F I

F I

F I

F I

F

F i n e

i g n

i t i o n , p

r o d u c e s a s h

i n y

b a l

l w h i c h i s a

l i t t l e

l a r g e r

t h a n

t h e e

l e c t r o

d e

d i a m e t e r ,

b u

t a


O r a n g e :

W T

4 0

4 % T

h o r i u m

F I

F I

F I

F I

F I

F

F i n e

i g n

i t i o n ,

b u

t a f

t e r a

f e w s t

i t c h w e l

d i n g s

t h e

s t r u c t u r e o

f t h e p o

i n t

b e c o m e s e x

t r e m e l y

c o a r s e ,

c a u s i n g a n u n s t a b

l e a r c .

W e l

d i n g

t i m e :

2 0 s e c s .

I d l e p e r

i o d : 2 0 s e c s .

W e l

d i n g c u r r e n

t : 2 0 0 a m p

A C

A C t . b a l a n c e : 6

5 %

-

F r e q u e n c y :

5 0 H z

G a s p r e

f l o w : 1 s e c .

S l o p e u p : 0 s e c .

S l o p e

d o w

n : 5 s e c s .

G a s p o s t

f l o w

: 1 5 s e c s .

G a s n o z z

l e : n o . 8

w i t h g a s

l e n s


A r

G a s q u a n t

i t y :

1 0 l / m

i n .

E l e c

t . d i s t . t

o w o r

k p i e c e : 3 m m

E l e c

t r o d e

d i a m e t e r : 2 . 4

m m

E l e c

t r o d e p o

i n t : 9 0 0

F I =

F i n e

I g n i

t i o n

P I =

P o o r

I g n i

t i o n

U A =

U n s

t a b l e

A r c

T =

T u n g s t e n

N P

= N o

P o i n t

S =

S l a g

D T =

D r o p s

T u n g s t e n

P =

P o o r

M =

M e a n

F =

F i n e

S e e

i l l u s t r a

t i o n n o .

3

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24








Illustration no. 4

Welding current: DCShielding gas: ArgonParent material: Stainless steel AISILoad: 50 re-ignitions at 100 A

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25

T u n g s t e n r e - i g n

i t i o n p r o p e r

t i e s

M I G A T R O N I C C O M M A N D E R 3 2 0 A C / D C

W e l

d i n g c u r r e n

t : D C

1 0 0 A


A r g o n

P a r e n t m a t . :

S t a i n l e s s s

t e e l

A I S I 3 0 4

T y p e o f e l e c

t r o d e

A f t e r

1 0

i g n i

t i o n s

A f t e r

2 0

i g n i

t i o n s

A f t e r

3 0

i g n i

t i o n s

A f t e r

4 0

i g n i

t i o n s

A f t e r 5 0

i g n i t i o n s

T o t a l

e v a l u a

t i o n

C o m

m e n

t s

B l u e :

W L 2 0

2 % L

a n t h a n

F I

F I

F I

F I

F I

F

S t a b

l e a r c .

T h e p o

i n t r e m a i n s i n

t a c t .

R e d : W

T 2 0

2 % T

h o r i u m

F I

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F I S

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F

S t a b

l e a r c .

M o r e a n

d m o r e s l a g

i s p r o

d u c e

d .

T h e p o

i n t b e c o m e s

d e f o r m e d .

G r e e n : W

P

P u r e

T u n g s t e n

M I

U A

M I

U A

M I

U A

M I

U A

M I U A

M

A f t e r a

f e w

i g n

i t i o n s

t h e p o

i n t w a s

d r o p p e d .

I g n

i t e s u p

i n t h e g a s n o z z

l e .

V e r y u n s t a b

l e a r c .

G r e y :

W C 2 0

2 % C

e r i u m

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F I S

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F

S t a b

l e a r c .

M o r e a n

d m o r e s l a g

i s p r o

d u c e

d .

T h e p o

i n t b e c o m e s

d e f o r m e d .

B l a c k : W

L 1 0

1 % L

a n t h a n

F I

F I

F I

F I

F I

F

S t a b

l e a r c .

T h e p o

i n t r e m a i n s i n

t a c t .

T u

r q u o

i s e :

W S 2

? % R

a r e

m a t e r

i a l s

F I

F I

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F

S t a b

l e a r c .

D o e s n o

t i g n

i t e

f r o m

t h e e l e c

t r o

d e p o

i n t , b u

t

a b o v e

t h e p o

i n t .

A s m a l

l f i n e

b a l

l i s p r o

d u c e

d r a

t h e r q u

i c k l y o n

t h e p o

i n t a n

d m a i n

t a i n e d .

O r a n g e :

W T 4 0

4 % T

h o r i u m

F I

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F I

A l i t t l e

S

F I S

F I S

F

S t a b

l e a r c .

M o r e a n

d m o r e s l a g

i s p r o

d u c e

d .

T h e p e a

k b e c o m e s

d e f o r m e d .

W e l

d i n g

t i m e :

1 0 s e c s .

I d l e p e r

i o d : 1 0 s e c s .

W e l

d i n g c u r r e n

t : 1 0 0 a m p

D C

A C t . b a l a n c e :

F r e q u e n c y :

G a s p r e

f l o w : 1 s e c .

S l o p e u p : 0 s e c .

S l o p e

d o w

n : 2 s e c s .

G a s p o s t f

l o w : 1

0 s e c s .

G a s n o z z

l e : n o .

8 w

i t h g a s

l e n s


A r .

G a s q u a n t

i t y :

1 0 l / m

i n .

E l e c

t . d i s t a n c e

t o w o r

k p i e c e : 3 m m

E l e c

t r o d e

d i a m e t e r : 1 . 6

m m

E l e c

t r o d e p o

i n t : 2

0

F I

= F i n e

I g n i

t i o n

M I = M e a n

I g n i

t i o n

P I =

P o o r

I g n i

t i o n

U A =

U n s t a b

l e A r c

T =

T u n g s t e n

N P =

N o

P o i n t

S =

S l a g

D T =

D r o p s

T u n g s t e n

P =

P o o r

M = M

e a n

F =

F i n e

S e e

i l l u s t r a

t i o n n o .

4

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26








Illustration no. 5

Welding current: DC 80 AShielding gas: Ar/H 97.32Parent material: Stainless steel AISI 304Load: 6 x 5 min. at 80 A

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27

Lifetime of Tungsten electrodesWelding current: DC 80 A Shielding gas: Ar/H 2 97/3 Parent mat.:

Stainless steel AISI 304

FI = Fine Ignition PI = Poor Ignition UA = Unstable Arc T = TungstenNP = No Point S = Slag DT = Drops Tungsten P = Poor

M = MeanF = Fine

Type of electrode 5min.

10min.

15min.

20min.

25min.

30min.

Totalevaluation

Blue: WL 20 2% Lanthan oxide FI FI FI FI FI FI F+

Red: WT 20 2% Thorium oxide FI FI FI DT FI FI M

Green: WP Pure Tungsten PI PI/NP PI/NP PI/NP PI/NP PI/NP P

Grey: WC20 2% Cerium oxide FI FI FI FI PI PI F-

Black: WL10 1% Lanthan oxide FI FI- FI- FI- FI- FI- M+

Turquoise:WS 2

?% Rare materials FI PI PI/NP DT/NP DT/NP DT/NP P

Orange:WT 40

4% Thorium oxide FI FI FI/S FI/S FI/S FI/S P

Welding time: 5 min. Idle period: 15 secs.Welding current: 80 amp DC Gas pre flow: 1 sec. Gas post flow: 4 secs.Slope down: 4 secs. Slope up: 2 secs. Gas nozzle: no. 8 with gas lensShielding gas: Ar/H 2 97/3 Shielding gas quantity:

10 l/min.

Electrode dist. to workpiece:

4 mmElectrode diameter: 1.6 mm Electrode point: 20 Parent material: AISI 304


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28








Illustration no. 6

Welding current: DC 100 AShielding gas: ArgonParent material: Stainless steel AISI 304Load: 6 x 5 min. at 80 A

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29

Lifetime of Tungsten electrodesWelding current: DC 100 A Gas: Argon Parent mat.:

Stainless steel AISI 304


M = MeanF = Fine


10min.

15min.

20min.

25min.

30min.

Totalevaluation

Blue: WL 20 2% Lanthan oxide FI FI FI FI FI FI F+

Red: WT 20 2% Thorium oxide FI PI FI FI FI FI M

Green: WP Pure Tungsten FI PI PI PI PI/NPUAPI/NPUA P

Grey: WC20 2% Cerium oxide FI FI FI FI FI FI F

Black: WL10 1% Lanthan oxide FI FI FI FI FI FI F+

Turquoise:WS 2

? % Rare materials FI PI FI PI PI PI M

Orange:WT 40

4% Thorium oxide FI/S FI/S FI/S FI/S FI/S FI/SNP P

Welding time: 5 min. Idle period: 15 secs.Welding current: 100 amp DC Pre-gas flow: 1 sec. Post-gas flow: 10 secs.Slope down: 4 secs. Slope up: 2 secs. Gas nozzle: no. 8 with gas lens

Shielding gas: Ar. Shielding gas quantity:10 l/min. Electr. dist. to workpiece: 4 mm

Electrode diameter: 1.6 mm Electrode point: 20 Parent material: AISI 304


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30







Blue WL 20 2% Lanthan oxide

Illustration no. 7

Welding current: AC 170 AShielding gas: Ar/He 70/30Parent material: AIMgSi 0.3Load: 6 x 5 min. at 170 A

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31

Lifetime of Tungsten electrodesWelding current: AC 170 A Gas: Ar/He 70/30 Parent mat.: AIMgSi 0.3


M = MeanF = Fine


10min.

15min.

20min.

25min.

30min.

Totalevaluation

Blue: WL 20 2% Lanthanoxide FI FI FI FI FI FI F+

Red: WT 20 2% Thoriumoxide

FI / SDT

FI / SDT

FI / SDT

FI / SDT

FI / SDT

FI / SS P

Green: WP Pure Tungsten FI FI FIUAFI

UAFI

UAFI

UA F-

Grey: WC 20 2% Cerium oxide FI FIa little S

FIa little S

UA

FIa little S

FIa little S

FIa little S F+

Black: WL 10 1% Lanthanoxide

FIa little S

FIa little S

FIa little S

FIa little S

FIa little S

FIa little S

F+

Turquoise:WS 2

?% Rarematerials FI

FIUA

FI/UAa little S

FI/UAa little S

FI/UAa little S

FI/UAa little S

M

Orange:WT 40

4% Thoriumoxide FI / S FI / S FI / S FI / S FI / S FI / S P

Welding time: 5 min. Idle period: 15 secs.Welding current: 170 amp AC Gas pre flow: 1 sec. Gas post flow: 10 secs.Slope down: 5 secs. Slope up: 2 secs. Gas nozzle: no. 8 with gas lensShielding gas: Ar/He 70/30 Shielding gas quantity:

12 l/min.Electrode dist. to workpiece:3 mm

Electrode diameter: 2.4 mm Electrode point: 70 Parent material: AlMgSi 0.3


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Illustration no. 8

Welding current: AC 190 AShielding gas: ArgonParent material: AIMgSi 0.3Load: 6 x 5 min. at 190 A

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33

Lifetime of Tungsten electrodesWelding current: AC 190 A Gas: Argon Parent mat.: AIMgSi 0.3


M = MeanF = Fine


10min.

15min.

20min.

25min.

30min.

Totalevaluation

Blue: WL 20 2% Lanthanoxide FI FI FI FI FI FI F+

Red: WT 20 2% Thoriumoxide

FIUA

FI/UADT

FI/UADT/S

FI/UADT/S

FI/UADT/S

FI/UADT/S P

Green: WP Pure Tungsten FI FIUAFI

UAFI

UAFI-UA

FI-UA M

Grey: WC 20 2% Cerium oxide FI FI FI FIa little SFI

a little SFI

a little S F

Black: WL 10 1% Lanthanoxide FI FI FI FI

FIa little S

FIa little S

F+

Turquoise:WS2

?% Rarematerials

FI FI FIa little SFI

a little SFI

a little SFI

a little S F

Orange:WT40

4% Thoriumoxide FI / S

FI / SDT

FI / SDT

FI / SDT

FI / SDT

FI / SDT P

Light blue: Multistrike(not illustrated)

FI FISFIS

FIS

FIS

FIS F

Welding time: 5 min. Idle period: 15 secs.Welding current: 190 amp AC Gas pre flow: 1 sec. Gas post flow: 10 secs.Slope down: 5 secs. Slope up: 2 secs. Gas nozzle: no. 8 with gas lensShielding gas: Argon Shielding gas quantity:

12 l/min.Electrode dist. to workpiece:3 mm

Electrode diameter: 2.4 mm Electrode point: 70 Parent material: AlMgSi 0,3


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1,0 x 175 mm

1,2 x 175 mm

1,6 x 175 mm

2,0 x 175 mm

2,4 x 175 mm

3,2 x 175 mm

4,0 x 175 mm

4,8 x 175 mm

6,4 x 175 mm

1,6 x 150 mm

2,4 x 150 mm

3,2 x 150 mm

2,4 x 75 mm

80360001

80360005

80360002

80360003

80360004

80360006

80360007

80360008

80360009

80360102

80360104

80360106

80360021

80360025

80360022

803600xx

80360024

80360026

80360027

80360028

80360029

80360122

80360124

80360126

80360041

80360046

80360042

803600xx

80360043

80360044

80360045

80360047

80360142

80360143

80360144

80360051

80360052

80360053

80360054

80360055

80360056

80360152

80360154

80360156

80360254

80360061

80360062

80360064

80360066

80360067

80360068

80360070

80360071

80360072

80360073

80360074

80360075

80360091

80360092

80360093

80360094

80360095

80360096

80361197

80361191

80361192

80361193

80361194

80361195

80361196

DiameterStandard

length

Red2% TH

Order no.

GreenPure

Order no.

Grey2% Ce

Order no.

Black1% La

Order no.

Orange4% Th

Order no.

TurquoiseWS 2

Order no.

Blue2% La

Order no.

Gold1,5% LaOrder no.

TUNGSTEN ELECTRODES

Migatronic has the following item numbers in stock:

If you do not find a Tungsten electrode that suits yourrequirements, please contact Migatronic. Delivery time forspecial length electrodes is 3 to 5 weeks.

Trouble-free TIG welding reqires a correctly-ground Tungstenelectrode. Grind the electrode with a fine-grained diamond discwhich is designed for grinding Tungsten electrodes. Grindingmethod and angle will depend on individual preferences.

SVEJSEMASKINEFABRIKKEN MIGATRONIC A/S

Aggersundvej 33, Postboks 206DK-9690 Fjerritslev, DenmarkTel: (+45) 96 500 600Telefax: (+45) 96 500 601Homepage: www.migatronic.com

DELIVERY OF

DiameterStandard

length

Red2% TH

Order no.

GreenPure

Order no.

Grey2% Ce

Order no.

Black1% La

Order no.

Orange4% Th

Order no.

TurquoiseWS 2

Order no.

Blue2% La

Order no.

Gold1,5% LaOrder no.

5 2

1 7

9 1 3 3

Subsidiary companies in: United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Germany, France, Hungary, Czech Republic, Italy, Holland and

UNITED KINGDOM:

MIGATRONIC WELDING EQUIPMENT LTD21 Jubilee Drive, Belton Park, LoughboroughLeicestershire LE11 5XS - UKTel: (+44) 01509/267499 . Fax: (+44) 01509/231959Service department: (+44) 01509/211492

Aluminium Steel, copper and copper alloys

Wrong Wrong CorrectCorrect

15 - 20

Cone

Documents

52179133_tungsten