5. COUNTRY ACCOUNTS - Department of the …environment.gov.au/.../shorebirds-east-asia-06-country-accounts.pdf5.1 Introduction to the Country Ac-counts. The country accounts present

Migratory Shorebirds of the East Asian - Australasian Flyway | 157 PB | Migratory Shorebirds of the East Asian - Australasian Flyway

5. COUNTRY ACCOUNTS

5.1 Introduction to the Country Ac-counts

The country accounts present the information collected on internationally important sites and species in each country of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. They follow a common format with information presented in sections as outlined below. The aim of this introduction is to assist the reader to find and/or interpret the information presented in the country accounts. The country accounts appear in approximate order from north to south.

General description

Each account begins with a brief physical de-scription of the country. This includes its loca-tion within the Flyway, which affects where the country fits into the annual cycle of shorebird movements, and general characteristics of the country from the perspective of shorebirds, such as types of habitats present.

Data

The general description of the country is fol-lowed by interpretation of the information col-lected in the review. This includes information presented for all countries in the Overview (Sec-tion 3.0), and information presented in the tables and figures of the country account. In each country account, information is discussed in the following order:

• The number of species for which count data were available.

• The number of species with non-breeding period population estimates >1% and >5% of the Flyway population estimate.

• Pooled regional count data and country population estimates for those species with a non-breeding period population estimate >5% of the Flyway population estimate. The 5% value was chosen as it gives an indication of the core distribution of the species during the non-breeding period. Pooled count data and country estimates for all species in every country appear in the Overview (Table 3.2).

• For each species, the number and distribu-tion across the year of important sites. This gives an indication of how the species are using the country across the year. It may also indicate times of year in which more surveys need to be carried out. Note that no dates were available for a small number of

counts, so these sites could not be assigned a period.

• For each important site, the number of spe-cies for which that site is important and the time of year when it is important. This gives an indication of how the sites are used across the year.

• For each site, the species for which the site is important and the maximum count of each species.

Country accounts may conclude with comments on the distribution of sites, adequacy of knowl-edge on shorebirds and conservation threats.

Figures

Each country account includes, where appro-priate, figures and tables listed below, but for some countries only a sub-set of these could be provided.

A map of the country showing locations of impor-tant sites.

Tables • Shorebird counts and population estimates

during the non-breeding period, adapted from the Overview (Table 3.2). Only spe-cies with a non-breeding period country estimate >5% of their Flyway estimate are included. The percentage given is rounded to the nearest 5%.

• List of species and the number of sites internationally important for each species in total and in each period.

• List of sites, site coordinates and the number of species for which each site is internationally important in total and in each period.

• List of sites detailing the maximum count of each species for which the site is interna-tionally important, and indicating all periods in which the site is internationally important for that species. The reference for the maximum count is given with the relevant period abbreviation.

158 | Migratory Shorebirds of the East Asian - Australasian Flyway Migratory Shorebirds of the East Asian - Australasian Flyway | 159 158 | Migratory Shorebirds of the East Asian - Australasian Flyway

General description

Alaska is used by shorebirds when breeding and when on migration from breeding grounds in eastern Russia, Alaska and northern Canada, but numbers are low during the non-breeding period. There is a major overlap between birds that migrate via the EAA Flyway and birds that migrate via one of the American or the Central Pacific Flyway.

United States of America (Alaska)

Data

No population is believed to be present in Alaska in excess of 5% of its Flyway population during the non-breeding period.

Six sites were identified as being of international importance for shorebird populations migrating in the EAA Flyway. Species for which there are sites of international importance are; Bar-tailed Godwit, Ruddy Turnstone, Dunlin and Sharp-tailed Sandpiper. Migration of these populations within the EAA Flyway has been confirmed by movements of marked birds and analysis of mor-phometric data.

Number of species for which Alaska contains interna-tionally important sites (EAA Flyway): 4Number of internationally important sites in Alaska (EAA Flyway): 6

Figure 5.1. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Alaska


All six sites are internationally important during southward migration, with one site also impor-tant for the Dunlin during the breeding period.

The Stebbins-St Michael Wetlands met the stag-ing criterion for the Sharp-tailed Sandpiper on southward migration. The Sharp-tailed Sandpi-per breeds in eastern Russia but juveniles are common in Alaska during southward migration (Gill 1996).

No internationally important sites were identified during the northward migration period.

Cooperative banding and flagging programmes, some underway, may lead to the recognition of more EAA Flyway populations in Alaska.

Table 5.1 Shorebirds in Alaska – number of internationally important sites by period for species migrating in the EAA Flyway

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Bar-tailed Godwit 4 4

Ruddy Turnstone 1 1

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2 2

Dunlin 1 1

Table 5.2 Internationally important sites in Alaska – number of shorebird species by period

Site Code Site Name Lat. Long.Total

SpeciesSM NB NM B

403 Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta 62.00 -166.00 3 3

398 Cinder Lagoon 57.20 -158.10 1 1

499 Port Heiden 56.75 -159.00 1 1

400 Port Moller/Nelson Lagoon/Mud Bay 55.50 -161.00 1 1

401 Pribilof Islands 57.40 -170.25 1 1

402 Stebbins-St Michael Wetlands 63.20 -162.40 1 1

Table 5.3 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Alaska.

Site Name Species and DetailsCinder Lagoon Bar-tailed Godwit 10,000 (SM,70)

Port Heiden Bar-tailed Godwit 10,000 (SM,70)

Port Moller/Nelson Lagoon/Mud Bay Bar-tailed Godwit 10,000 (SM,70)

Pribilof Islands Ruddy Turnstone 10,000 (SM,70)

Stebbins-St Michael Wetlands Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,000 (SM,70)

Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta Bar-tailed Godwit 9,000 (SM,69); Dunlin 30,000 (SM,70); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 3,000 (SM,70)


General description

The majority of migratory shorebirds that utilise the EAA Flyway breed in eastern Russia. Num-bers are therefore high but dispersed during the breeding period, with small numbers of sites used intensively during southward and north-ward migration. Shorebird numbers are very low during the non-breeding period. There is consid-erable overlap in eastern Russia between birds that move through the EAA Flyway and those that utilise the Central Asian Flyway.

Russia

Data

No species is believed to be present in Russia in excess of 5% of its Flyway population during the non-breeding period.

Important sites have been identified for 41 spe-cies during migration periods only, with fewer sites important for more species during north-ward than southward migration.

Important sites in Russia include both coastal and inland sites. Those used by the greatest number of species are Daursky Nature Reserve (30 species), the estuary of the Moroshechnaya River (17 species) and Lososei Bay (11 spe-cies). During northward migration, Daursky Nature Reserve is important for 30 species,

Number of species for which Russia contains interna-tionally important sites (EAA Flyway): 41Number of internationally important sites in Russia (EAA Flyway): 25

Figure 5.2. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Russia


whereas during southward migration it is impor-tant for only 3 species. This may be a feature of inland sites, as Kharchinskoe Lake is also important for more species on northward than southward migration. In contrast, coastal sites are important for more species on southward than northward migration. The Moroshechnaya River estuary is important for similar numbers of species on northward (11) and southward (8) mi-gration, but the number of birds to pass through the site is greater on southward (1 000 000) than on northward (300 000) migration (Gerasimov and Gerasimov 1997).

Migration is more concentrated on a smaller number of sites during northward compared with southward migration. This aggregation on north-

ward migration may be due to there being few sites that can support shorebirds at that time of the year as a result of seasonal conditions, such as coastlines still being icebound.

The concentration of shorebirds on northward migration makes the identification and conser-vation of sites particularly important. Russia contains the breeding grounds for the majority of shorebirds that utilise the EAA Flyway. Although breeding activity is dispersed, there may be localised threats from disturbance and a broad-scale threat from climate change.

Table 5.4 Shorebirds in Russia – number of important sites by period for species migrating in the EAA Flyway

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Common Snipe 2 2

Pintail Snipe 1 1

Eurasian Woodcock 1 1

Black-tailed Godwit 7 5 3

Bar-tailed Godwit 2 2 1

Little Curlew 1 1 1

Whimbrel 7 3 5

Eurasian Curlew 1 1 1

Far Eastern Curlew 2 1 1

Spotted Redshank 4 2 2

Common Redshank 2 1 1

Marsh Sandpiper 1 1

Common Greenshank 3 3

Spotted Greenshank 7 5 2

Green Sandpiper 1 1

Wood Sandpiper 4 2 3

Terek Sandpiper 4 2 2

Common Sandpiper 2 2

Grey-tailed Tattler 2 1 1

Ruddy Turnstone 4 1 3

Asian Dowitcher 1 1

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Great Knot 4 4 1

Red Knot 2 1 1

Sanderling 1 1

Red-necked Stint 8 6 3

Long-toed Stint 3 1 2

Temminck’s Stint 1 1

Dunlin 8 4 5

Curlew Sandpiper 1 1

Spoon-billed Sandpiper 2 1 2

Broad-billed Sandpiper 1 1

Red-necked Phalarope 3 2 1

Pacific Golden Plover 2 1 1

Grey Plover 1 1

Little Ringed Plover 1 1

Kentish Plover 1 1

Lesser Sand Plover 6 3 3

Northern Lapwing 1 1

Eurasian Oystercatcher 1 1 1

Black-winged Stilt 1 1

Pied Avocet 1 1


Table 5.5 Internationally important sites in Russia – number of species by period


SpeciesSM NB NM B

335 Daursky Nature Reserve 50.00 115.67 30 3 29

343 Moroshechnaya River Estuary 56.83 156.17 12 8 11

341 Lososei Bay 46.73 142.68 11 3 9

349 Schastiya Bay 53.31 141.16 7 7

337 Kharchinskoe Lake 56.53 160.87 6 6

352 Tugurskiy Bay 53.75 136.78 6 6

340 Lake Evoron 51.75 136.17 5 3 3

346 Penzhina River mouth 62.50 165.18 4 4

330 Babushkina Bay 59.19 153.57 3 3

331 Baikal Bay 53.57 142.48 3 3

350 Skobeleva Bay 60.40 166.33 3 3

332 Bolshoe Lake and Bolshaya River Mouth 52.53 156.28 2 2

336 Khairyuzova Bay 57.08 156.68 2 2

344 Nabilsky Bay 51.72 143.32 2 2

351 Terpeniya Bay 48.65 144.73 2 1 1

333 Chaivo Bay 52.35 143.10 1 1

334 Dagiy Bay 52.07 143.12 1 1

338 Konstantina Bay 54.03 137.28 1 1

339 Kronotsky Nature Reserve 54.57 161.17 1 1

342 Malkachan River mouth 59.87 154.22 1 1

345 Opala River 51.92 156.48 1 1

347 Pomr Bay 53.67 142.63 1 1

348 Sakhalinsky Bay 53.92 142.72 1 1

353 Ulbanskiy Bay 53.57 137.22 1 1

354 Vakhil River Mouth 53.24 159.58 1 1

Table 5.6 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Russia

Site Name Species and Details

Babushkina Bay Whimbrel 278 (SM,46); Red-necked Phalarope 5,000 (SM,46); Red-necked Stint 1,000 (SM,46)

Baikal Bay Spotted Greenshank 3 (SM,123); Red Knot 1,000 (SM,123); Lesser Sand Plover 500 (SM,123)

Bolshoe Lake and Bolshaya River Mouth

Dunlin 32,666 (NM,62); Red-necked Stint 1,000 (NM,68)

Chaivo Bay Lesser Sand Plover 500 (SM,123)

Dagiy Bay Long-toed Stint 100 (SM,123)

Daursky Nature Reserve Little Curlew 48,000 (SM, NM,71); Spotted Redshank 2,700 (NM,71); Marsh Sandpiper 12,000 (NM,71); Common Redshank 2,000 (NM,71); Black-tailed Godwit 8,000 (NM,71); Eurasian Curlew 2,500 (SM, NM,71); Pintail Snipe 3,000 (NM,71); Whimbrel 800 (NM,71); Eurasian Woodcock 1,300 (NM,71); Common Snipe 30,000 (NM,71); Ruddy Turnstone 1,200 (NM,71); Temminck’s Stint 22,000 (NM,71); Common Greenshank 1,100 (NM,71); Red-necked Stint 23,850 (SM,72); Broad-billed Sandpiper 6,500 (NM,71); Pacific Golden Plover 56,000 (NM,71); Asian Dowitcher 800 (NM,71); Grey Plover 8,500 (NM,71); Green Sandpiper 3,000 (NM,71); Kentish Plover 8,000 (NM,71); Curlew Sandpiper 20,000 (NM,71); Terek Sandpiper 600 (NM,71); Lesser Sand Plover 17,300 (NM,71); Wood Sandpiper 20,000 (NM,71); Northern Lapwing 23,000 (NM,71); Black-winged Stilt 2,000 (NM,71); Grey-tailed Tattler 1,400 (NM,71); Pied Avocet 6,000 (NM,71); Common Sandpiper 3,000 (NM,71); Little Ringed Plover 17,000 (NM,71)



Khairyuzova Bay Black-tailed Godwit 5,000 (SM,109); Great Knot 4,500 (SM,109)

Kharchinskoe Lake Wood Sandpiper 1,314 (NM,67); Long-toed Stint 1,000 (NM,67); Black-tailed Godwit 1,355 (NM,67); Common Snipe 5,000 (NM,67); Common Greenshank 500 (NM,67); Dunlin 2,650 (NM,67)

Konstantina Bay Terek Sandpiper 3,850 (SM,129)

Kronotsky Nature Reserve

Whimbrel 6,000 (NM,108)

Lake Evoron Wood Sandpiper 1,578 (SM, NM,129); Pacific Golden Plover 264 (SM,129); Spotted Redshank 311 (NM,129); Black-tailed Godwit 1,948 (SM,129); Common Sandpiper 115 (NM,129)

Lososei Bay Wood Sandpiper 500 (SM,123); Far Eastern Curlew 100 (NM,123); Grey-tailed Tattler 1,500 (SM,83); Ruddy Turnstone 100 (NM,123); Red-necked Stint 3,000 (NM,123); Long-toed Stint 200 (NM,123); Spoon-billed Sandpiper 200 (SM, NM,123); Lesser Sand Plover 600 (NM,123); Whimbrel 300 (NM,123); Spotted Greenshank 5 (NM,123); Common Greenshank 200 (NM,123)

Malkachan River mouth Spotted Greenshank 10 (SM,98)

Moroshechnaya River Estuary

Black-tailed Godwit 10,000 (SM, NM,63); Great Knot 100,000 (SM, NM,63); Far Eastern Curlew 1,000 (SM,63); Red-necked Stint 300,000 (SM, NM,63); Dunlin 350,000 (SM, NM,63); Lesser Sand Plover 1,000 (NM,63); Red Knot 3,000 (NM,68); Terek Sandpiper 200 (NM,61); Eurasian Oystercatcher 1,000 (SM, NM,63); Bar-tailed Godwit 50,000 (SM, NM,68); Spoon-billed Sandpiper 500 (NM,63); Whimbrel 20,000 (SM, NM,63)

Nabilsky Bay Spotted Greenshank 10 (SM,123); Black-tailed Godwit 400 (SM,123)

Opala River Dunlin 32,380 (NM,62)

Penzhina River mouth Red-necked Phalarope 3,461 (SM,65); Spotted Redshank 253 (SM,64); Dunlin 40,172 (SM,64); Red-necked Stint 10,412 (SM,65)

Pomr Bay Spotted Greenshank 2 (SM,123)

Sakhalinsky Bay Sanderling 60 (SM,123)

Schastiya Bay Whimbrel 4,325 (SM,4); Red-necked Stint 4,789 (SM,4); Ruddy Turnstone 573 (SM,4); Lesser Sand Plover 906 (SM,4); Dunlin 4,867 (SM,4); Great Knot 1,374 (SM,4); Bar-tailed Godwit 953 (SM,4)

Skobeleva Bay Spotted Greenshank 5 (NM,66); Ruddy Turnstone 145 (NM,66); Dunlin 4,020 (NM,66)

Terpeniya Bay Red-necked Phalarope 300 (NM,123); Red-necked Stint 4,000 (SM,84)

Tugurskiy Bay Great Knot 9,750 (SM,129); Spotted Greenshank 3 (SM,129); Black-tailed Godwit 680 (SM,129); Terek Sandpiper 4,500 (SM,129); Spotted Redshank 290 (SM,129); Dunlin 12,610 (SM,129)

Ulbanskiy Bay Common Redshank 221 (SM,129)

Vakhil River Mouth Whimbrel 2,500 (NM,68)

Table 5.6 (cont.) Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Russia


Mongolia

General description

Mongolia is a land-locked country between China and Russia, and it is in a region of overlap between the EAA and Central Asian Flyways. It is also within the breeding range of some spe-cies. Little count data was available from Mon-golia and there were no significant numbers of shorebirds reported, but wetlands and extensive grasslands may be important during migration periods. The important Russian site of Daursky Nature Reserve is close to the eastern border of Mongolia.

Number of species for which Mongoliacontains internationally important sites: 0Number of internationally important or staging sites in Mongolia: 0


China

General description

China lies both within the EAA Flyway in the east and the Central Asian Flyway in the west, and is the largest country in eastern Asia. Its coastline extends from the Yellow Sea region, at a latitude of 41°N, to the tropical South China Sea at 18°N. In addition to this coastline, China has extensive inland wetlands, rivers and estuaries. Its size, range of environments and location mean that it is used by different shorebird species during the breeding, migration and non-breeding periods.

Data

Count data in China come from comprehensive surveys of the Yellow Sea and eastern coastline of China, including Taiwan, and surveys of a few inland sites along the Yangtze Riverine wet-lands, Inner Mongolia and north-east provinces.

During the non-breeding period, 50 species of shorebirds of the EAA Flyway occur in China. The estimated populations of 15 species may exceed 5% of their Flyway estimate, and another 7 species for which Flyway estimates could not be calculated appear to be abundant in China. China supports >25% of the non-breeding populations of at least 5 species. Taiwan sup-ports almost half of the Flyway’s Kentish Plover population. China has more species with at

Number of species for which China contains internationally important sites: 46Number of internationally important sites in China: 51


Figure 5.3a. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in China.

Figure 5.3b. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in China (enlargement)

least one important site than any other country in the Flyway, and is important for the Endangered Spotted Greenshank and Vulnerable Spoon-billed Sandpiper during the migration and non-breeding periods.

The number of species with important sites was the same (35) in the two migration periods, but was lower during the non-breeding period (22 species), indicating that many birds are on pas-sage through China. Despite this, the number of important sites recognised was highest in the non-breeding period (35 sites), lower during northward migration (23 sites), and lowest during southward migration (8 sites). Sites on the west coast of Taiwan were important mainly during the non-breeding period.

Yancheng National Nature Reserve is used by the greatest number of species and supports similar numbers of species at significant levels in both migration periods. In contrast, most other sites support significant counts of more species during northward than southward migration. The importance of Yancheng National Nature Reserve relative to other sites is probably exag-gerated by the large size of the reserve and the relatively high frequency of surveys that have occurred in some parts of the reserve. However, additional surveys are needed to confirm the importance of this area.

Most of the sites are coastal and there is a concentration of sites in the Yellow Sea area, whereas a number of the species abundant in China are known to make extensive use of inland wetlands. Inland sites are almost certainly under-surveyed, and the lack of data from such sites has contributed to the uncertainty of Flyway estimates for species such as the Dunlin, Spot-ted Redshank, Black-winged Stilt and Northern Lapwing. The low numbers of important sites identified during southward migration and details of important locations within very large reserves, such as Yancheng National Nature Reserve, also need to be investigated.


Table 5.8 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in China

SpeciesMax.

CountCountry Estimate

% Flyway

Kentish Plover 75 405 87 000 80

Eurasian Curlew 13 725 19 700 50

Long-toed Stint 3 170 11 000 45

Common Greenshank 6 306 20 700 35

Common Redshank 7 791 20 150 25

Little Ringed Plover 2 276 4 500 20

Sanderling 1 890 3 100 15

Ruddy Turnstone 3 029 4 500 15

Eurasian Oystercatcher 325 3 010 10

Curlew Sandpiper 1 761 15 350 10

Broad-billed Sandpiper 1 352 2 100 10

Black-tailed Godwit 4 344 10 050 5

Lesser Sand Plover 4 596 8 550 5

Far Eastern Curlew 1 022 2 050 5

Red Knot 6 075 10 050 5

Species Total Sites SM NB NM B

Northern Lapwing 11 2 7 2 1


Black-winged Stilt 8 2 1 7

Pied Avocet 12 1 8 3


Common Snipe 2 2

Solitary Snipe 1 1

Pintail Snipe 3 3

Eurasian Woodcock 1 1

Black-tailed Godwit 9 4 1 6


Little Curlew 1 1

Whimbrel 7 1 6

Eurasian Curlew 12 2 5 8


Spotted Redshank 15 1 8 8


Marsh Sandpiper 13 3 2 10

Common Greenshank 10 4 3 6


Green Sandpiper 1 1

Wood Sandpiper 6 2 4



Grey-tailed Tattler 1 1

Ruddy Turnstone 4 1 2 2

Asian Dowitcher 6 3 6

Great Knot 10 3 8

Red Knot 9 2 8

Sanderling 3 1 1 2


Long-toed Stint 1 1

Temminck’s Stint 1 1 1 1

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 4 1 4

Dunlin 9 2 3 5


Spoon-billed Sandpiper 2 1 1

Broad-billed Sandpiper 5 2 4

Red-necked Phalarope 2 2

Pacific Golden Plover 1 1

Grey Plover 10 1 10

Little Ringed Plover 10 1 6 3

Kentish Plover 26 6 19 10


Greater Sand Plover 2 2

Oriental Plover 1 1

Grey-headed Lapwing 3 1 2 0

Table 5.7 Shorebirds in China – number of internationally important sites by period for species migrating in the EAA Flyway

168 | Migratory Shorebirds of the East Asian - Australasian Flyway Migratory Shorebirds of the East Asian - Australasian Flyway | 169168 | Migratory Shorebirds of the East Asian - Australasian Flyway


SpeciesSM NB NM B

191 Yancheng National Nature Reserve 33.67 120.50 40 24 15 25

161 Huang He National Nature Reserve 38.00 118.83 20 4 18

179 Shi Jiu Tuo/Daqing He 39.13 118.82 18 13 1 10

181 Shuangtaizihekou National Nature Reserve 40.84 121.75 17 9 13

154 Dongsha Islands 33.12 121.35 17 16 2 6

175 North-west Bo Hai Wan 38.92 117.83 16 1 16

190 Yalu Jiang National Nature Reserve 39.82 124.11 15 15

148 Chongming Dongtan National Nature Reserve 31.50 121.75 14 1 1 13

170 Mai Po Marshes 22.50 114.00 12 5 7

182 South Bo Hai Wan 38.13 118.20 12 12

173 North Bo Hai Wan 39.08 118.43 10 10

167 Linghekou 40.87 121.58 9 9

176 Poyang Hu National Nature Reserve 28.90 116.27 9 9

155 East Dongting Hu National Nature Reserve 29.25 112.92 6 5 1

157 Gaoyou Hu/Shabo Hu 32.58 119.33 4 4

163 Jiu Duan Sha National Nature Reserve 31.27 121.85 4 1 4

186 Ta-Too-Hsi 24.13 120.41 4 3 1

187 Tseng-Wen-Hsi 23.08 120.08 4 4

160 Han-Pao 24.05 120.37 3 3

162 Jiazhouwan 36.18 120.17 3 3

165 Laizhouwan 37.17 119.25 3 3

166 Lan-Yang-Hsi (River) 24.72 121.82 3 3

184 South-west Bo Hai Wan 38.47 117.67 3 3

412 Zhalong National Nature Reserve 46.70 123.70 3 3

142 Anping 22.97 120.17 2 2

143 Baidang Hu 30.78 117.38 2 2

149 Cho-Shui-Hsi S. 23.83 120.22 2 2

150 Chuan-Hsing 24.20 120.45 2 2

151 Dalai Hu National Nature Reserve 48.90 117.40 2 2 1

156 Futien Nature Reserves 22.53 114.05 2 2

158 Haizhouwan (Taibei Saltworks) 34.71 119.24 2 2

164 Ku-Liao 24.80 120.92 2 2

144 Baoshan Steel Plant Reservoirs 31.43 121.43 1 1

145 Bo Hu 30.17 116.45 1 1

146 Changhua Coastal Industrial Park 24.07 120.38 1 1

147 Chen Hu 30.33 113.85 1 1

152 Daqing He 39.17 118.92 1 1

153 Dianchi 24.83 102.72 1 1

159 Hannan Lake 30.33 113.83 1 1

169 Longgan Hu 29.98 115.80 1 1

171 Miao Gang 30.91 121.88 1 1

172 Nanjishan 28.83 116.28 1 1

174 Northern Jiangsu Coastline 35.60 119.70 1 1

177 Sanmen Wan 29.17 121.58 1 1

178 Shengjin Hu 30.35 117.08 1 1

180 Shijiu Hu 31.38 118.78 1 1

Table 5.9 Internationally important sites in China – number of shorebird species by period


Table 5.9 (cont.) Internationally important sites in China – number of shorebird species by period

Total Site Code Site Name Lat. Long. SM NB NM B

Species

183 South Dongting Hu 28.97 112.53 1 1

185 Szu-Tsao Wildlife Reserve 23.02 120.13 1 1

188 Xinmiao Hu 29.37 116.17 1 1

189 Xuwei Saltworks 34.50 119.72 1 1

192 Yung-An 22.83 120.23 1 1

Table 5.10 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in China


Anping Black-winged Stilt 340 (NB,169); Kentish Plover 1,810 (NB,169)

Baidang Hu Pied Avocet 1,942 (NB,19); Spotted Redshank 1,245 (NB,19)

Baoshan Steel Plant Reservoirs Kentish Plover 2,900 (NB,169)

Bo Hu Spotted Redshank 4,338 (NB,19)

Changhua Coastal Industrial Park Dunlin 11,068 (NB,107)

Chen Hu Northern Lapwing 1,880 (NB,19)

Chongming Dongtan National Whimbrel 1,200 (NM,18); Marsh Sandpiper 451 (NM,97); Far Eastern Curlew 794 (NM,27); Nature Reserve Spotted Greenshank 2 (NM,97); Curlew Sandpiper 805 (NM,110); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper

978 (NM,110); Great Knot 5,761 (NM,27); Red-necked Stint 2,515 (NM,155); Terek Sandpiper 210 (NM,110); Lesser Sand Plover 1,790 (NM,155); Kentish Plover 7,880 (SM, NB,110); Little Ringed Plover 300 (NM,18); Spotted Redshank 383 (NM,97); Greater Sand Plover 481 (NM,155)

Cho-Shui-Hsi S. Kentish Plover 10,000 (NB,169); Little Ringed Plover 395 (NB,169)

Chuan-Hsing Kentish Plover 2,000 (NB,169); Eurasian Curlew 810 (NB,169)

Dalai Hu National Nature Reserve Black-tailed Godwit 2,000 (NM,161); Northern Lapwing 2,500 (NM, B,161)

Daqing He Bar-tailed Godwit 1,000 (NM,171)

Dianchi Grey-headed Lapwing 400 (NB,169)

Dongsha Islands Marsh Sandpiper 1,140 (SM,162); Asian Dowitcher 1,320 (SM, NM,162); Red Knot 8,140 (SM,162); Great Knot 2,206 (SM,162); Black-winged Stilt 562 (SM, NM,162); Kentish Plover 3,000 (SM, NB, NM,162); Red-necked Phalarope 1,728 (SM,162); Common Greenshank 615 (SM, NM,162); Red-necked Stint 2,900 (SM, NM,162); Broad-billed Sandpiper 416 (SM,162); Dunlin 13,081 (SM,162); Far Eastern Curlew 1,532 (SM, NM,162); Wood Sandpiper 3,515 (SM,162); Black-tailed Godwit 1,354 (SM,162); Eurasian Curlew 400 (NB,162); Bar-tailed Godwit 1,668 (SM,162); Eurasian Oystercatcher 120 (SM,162)

East Dongting Hu National Nature Northern Lapwing 1,179 (NB,19); Little Ringed Plover 305 (NB,169); Common Redshank Reserve 1,300 (NB,169); Pied Avocet 8,704 (NB,104); Dunlin 23,488 (NM,104); Spotted Redshank

10,206 (NB,104)

Futien Nature Reserves Kentish Plover 1,268 (NB,169); Pied Avocet 326 (NB,169)

Gaoyou Hu/Shabo Hu Pintail Snipe 800 (NB,169); Northern Lapwing 5,600 (NB,169); Common Snipe 3,800 (NB,169); Common Redshank 900 (NB,169)

Haizhouwan (Taibei Saltworks) Spotted Redshank 942 (NM,16); Wood Sandpiper 1,251 (NM,16)

Hannan Lake Northern Lapwing 1,300 (NB,169)

Han-Pao Sanderling 570 (NB,169); Kentish Plover 3,040 (NB,169); Ruddy Turnstone 500 (NB,169)


Table 5.10 (cont.) Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in China


Huang He National Nature Reserve

Dunlin 24,106 (NM,181); Red-necked Stint 2,036 (NM,181); Pied Avocet 450 (NM,167); Black-tailed Godwit 7,196 (NM,181); Marsh Sandpiper 4,246 (NM,166); Common Greenshank 585 (NM,181); Eurasian Curlew 9,766 (NM,181); Great Knot 12,816 (NM,181); Spotted Greenshank 11 (SM,166); Red Knot 756 (NM,181); Grey Plover 14,899 (NM,181); Little Curlew 17,079 (NM,28); Far Eastern Curlew 1,125 (NM,181); Grey-tailed Tattler 253 (SM,166); Kentish Plover 24,313 (SM, NM,181); Terek Sandpiper 1,228 (SM, NM,166); Whimbrel 2,626 (NM,181); Bar-tailed Godwit 10,678 (NM,181); Spotted Redshank 594 (NM,181); Eurasian Oystercatcher 130 (NM,167)

Jiazhouwan Spotted Redshank 960 (NM,16); Red-necked Stint 7,570 (NM,16); Marsh Sandpiper 1,283 (NM,16)

Jiu Duan Sha National Nature Reserve

Spotted Redshank 500 (NM,18); Whimbrel 800 (NM,18); Little Ringed Plover 300 (NM,18); Kentish Plover 1,830 (NB, NM,18)

Ku-Liao Little Ringed Plover 450 (NB,169); Kentish Plover 1,221 (NB,169)

Laizhouwan Lesser Sand Plover 877 (NM,16); Grey Plover 5,801 (NM,16); Bar-tailed Godwit 25,961 (NM,16)

Lan-Yang-Hsi (River) Kentish Plover 2,000 (NB,169); Little Ringed Plover 290 (NB,169); Pacific Golden Plover 1,185 (NB,169)

Linghekou Marsh Sandpiper 304 (NM,21); Great Knot 17,540 (NM,21); Bar-tailed Godwit 2,045 (NM,21); Kentish Plover 635 (NM,21); Far Eastern Curlew 132 (NM,21); Eurasian Curlew 154 (NM,21); Grey Plover 2,739 (NM,21); Red Knot 969 (NM,21); Sanderling 105 (NM,21)

Longgan Hu Spotted Redshank 1,009 (NB,19)

Mai Po Marshes Black-tailed Godwit 450 (NM,120); Kentish Plover 3,180 (NB,169); Spotted Greenshank 55 (NM,120); Greater Sand Plover 400 (NM,120); Common Greenshank 883 (NB,169); Pied Avocet 1,758 (NB,169); Spoon-billed Sandpiper 16 (NM,120); Eurasian Curlew 1,005 (NB,169); Curlew Sandpiper 6,000 (NM,111); Marsh Sandpiper 1,165 (NB,39); Asian Dowitcher 340 (NM,120); Spotted Redshank 2,500 (NM,120)

Miao Gang Kentish Plover 310 (SM,165)

Nanjishan Spotted Redshank 1,869 (NB,19)

North Bo Hai Wan Grey Plover 2,972 (NM,20); Eurasian Curlew 2,890 (NM,20); Asian Dowitcher 1,153 (NM,20); Black-winged Stilt 334 (NM,20); Far Eastern Curlew 221 (NM,20); Curlew Sandpiper 564 (NM,20); Red Knot 9,358 (NM,20); Kentish Plover 1,729 (NM,20); Marsh Sandpiper 4,500 (NM,20); Black-tailed Godwit 6,471 (NM,20)

Northern Jiangsu Coastline Great Knot 6,700 (NM,16)

North-west Bo Hai Wan Marsh Sandpiper 2,425 (NM,20); Red-necked Stint 4,285 (NM,20); Bar-tailed Godwit 2,321 (NM,20); Lesser Sand Plover 357 (NM,20); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2,855 (NM,20); Broad-billed Sandpiper 124 (NM,20); Curlew Sandpiper 12,489 (NM,20); Common Greenshank 290 (NM,20); Little Ringed Plover 1,000 (NM,20); Asian Dowitcher 966 (NM,20); Great Knot 3,610 (NM,20); Wood Sandpiper 295 (NM,20); Grey Plover 6,493 (NM,20); Red Knot 14,277 (NM,20); Northern Lapwing 2,000 (SM, NM,18); Black-winged Stilt 2,000 (NM,18)

Poyang Hu National Nature Reserve

Spotted Redshank 3,000 (NB,141); Common Greenshank 2,000 (NB,169); Pintail Snipe 4,800 (NB,169); Pied Avocet 4,567 (NB,19); Kentish Plover 1,729 (NB,169); Northern Lapwing 8,000 (NB,141); Black-tailed Godwit 1,795 (NB,120); Common Snipe 3,900 (NB,169); Common Redshank 3,000 (NB,169)

Sanmen Wan Ruddy Turnstone 500 (NB,169)

Shengjin Hu Spotted Redshank 300 (NB,169)

Shi Jiu Tuo/Daqing He Asian Dowitcher 1,100 (SM, NM,18); Black-tailed Godwit 1,994 (SM, NM,134); Grey Plover 1,994 (SM, NM,18); Far Eastern Curlew 500 (SM,137); Terek Sandpiper 700 (NM,18); Northern Lapwing 10,000 (SM,169); Grey-headed Lapwing 3,000 (SM,171); Marsh Sandpiper 3,500 (SM,47); Eurasian Curlew 15,000 (SM, NM,47); Red Knot 5,000 (NM,18); Pied Avocet 300 (SM,171); Bar-tailed Godwit 3,000 (SM,47); Whimbrel 300 (SM,137); Common Redshank 800 (NM,18); Great Knot 4,000 (NM,18); Kentish Plover 5,500 (SM, NB, NM,47); Curlew Sandpiper 2,000 (NM,18); Common Greenshank 300 (SM,47)


Table 5.10 (cont.) Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in China


Shijiu Hu Northern Lapwing 2,850 (NB,169)

Shuangtaizihekou National Nature Black-tailed Godwit 2,070 (SM,18); Red Knot 4,200 (SM, NM,18); Grey Plover 4,248 Reserve (NM,24); Lesser Sand Plover 682 (NM,24); Black-winged Stilt 200 (NM,35); Kentish

Plover 1,367 (NM,24); Eurasian Oystercatcher 500 (SM,18); Bar-tailed Godwit 3,738 (SM, NM,24); Broad-billed Sandpiper 115 (NM,22); Whimbrel 1,306 (NM,24); Wood Sandpiper 454 (NM,22); Common Greenshank 520 (SM,106); Dunlin 16,411 (NM,24); Eurasian Curlew 1,535 (SM, NM,24); Far Eastern Curlew 1,817 (SM, NM,18); Terek Sandpiper 1,200 (SM,18); Great Knot 24,915 (SM, NM,24)

South Bo Hai Wan Pied Avocet 436 (NM,20); Whimbrel 278 (NM,20); Spotted Redshank 802 (NM,20); Common Greenshank 185 (NM,20); Eurasian Curlew 201 (NM,20); Black-winged Stilt 1,037 (NM,20); Grey Plover 3,550 (NM,20); Curlew Sandpiper 2,512 (NM,20); Bar-tailed Godwit 1,499 (NM,20); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,262 (NM,20); Marsh Sandpiper 14,183 (NM,20); Kentish Plover 2,886 (NM,20)

South Dongting Hu Kentish Plover 1,270 (NB,19)

South-west Bo Hai Wan Kentish Plover 934 (NM,20); Pied Avocet 402 (NM,20); Marsh Sandpiper 1,753 (NM,20)

Szu-Tsao Wildlife Reserve Dunlin 10,363 (NB,107)

Ta-Too-Hsi Little Ringed Plover 250 (NB,169); Curlew Sandpiper 500 (NM,120); Kentish Plover 3,539 (NB,169); Eurasian Curlew 1,025 (NB,169)

Tseng-Wen-His Kentish Plover 4,275 (NB,169); Dunlin 9,500 (NB,107); Pied Avocet 347 (NB,169); Little Ringed Plover 300 (NB,169)

Xinmiao Hu Pied Avocet 1,550 (NB,19)

Xuwei Saltworks Red-necked Stint 3,380 (NM,16)

Yalu Jiang National Nature Whimbrel 286 (NM,23); Dunlin 34,841 (NM,16); Broad-billed Sandpiper 729 (NM,23); Reserve Ruddy Turnstone 1,994 (NM,23); Common Greenshank 1,000 (NM,18); Far Eastern

Curlew 3,874 (NM,16); Terek Sandpiper 326 (NM,23); Eurasian Curlew 563 (NM,23); Wood Sandpiper 490 (NM,23); Red Knot 1,499 (NM,23); Bar-tailed Godwit 66,134 (NM,16); Grey Plover 7,232 (NM,23); Lesser Sand Plover 647 (NM,23); Great Knot 54,178 (NM,23); Eurasian Oystercatcher 220 (NM, 184)

Yancheng National Nature Asian Dowitcher 945 (SM, NM,18); Red Knot 3,169 (NM,18); Terek Sandpiper 177 (NM,26); Reserve Green Sandpiper 1,115 (NB,169); Spotted Greenshank 35 (SM, NM,164); Common

Redshank 1,944 (NB,169); Far Eastern Curlew 1,718 (SM, NM,164); Ruddy Turnstone 919 (SM, NM,164); Marsh Sandpiper 9,026 (SM, NB, NM,26); Common Sandpiper 1,546 (NM,164); Wood Sandpiper 3,515 (SM,162); Great Knot 2,206 (SM,162); Spotted Redshank 7,150 (SM, NB, NM,164); Grey Plover 5,295 (NM,26); Red-necked Stint 10,073 (SM, NM,26); Curlew Sandpiper 784 (NM,26); Lesser Sand Plover 1,787 (SM, NM,164); Black-tailed Godwit 1,686 (SM, NM,164); Little Ringed Plover 4,658 (SM,164); Bar-tailed Godwit 2,984 (NM,26); Oriental Plover 1,717 (NM,164); Spoon-billed Sandpiper 15 (SM,169); Kentish Plover 4,890 (SM, NB, NM,164); Common Greenshank 2,325 (SM, NB, NM,164); Temminck’s Stint 1,638 (SM, NB, NM,164); Broad-billed Sandpiper 1,476 (SM, NM,163); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 3,125 (SM, NM,26); Eurasian Curlew 13,136 (NB, NM,16); Dunlin 57,867 (SM, NM,26); Red-necked Phalarope 1,728 (SM,162); Long-toed Stint 1,167 (SM,164); Black-winged Stilt 482 (SM, NM,18); Sanderling 3,095 (SM, NM,164); Grey-headed Lapwing 542 (NB,164); Pintail Snipe 1,114 (NB,169); Solitary Snipe 157 (NB,169); Pied Avocet 1,498 (NB,169); Northern Lapwing 1,202 (NB,169); Eurasian Woodcock 520 (NB,169); Eurasian Oystercatcher 200 (SM,NB,141)

Yung-An Kentish Plover 2,871 (NB,169)

Zhalong National Nature Reserve Black-winged Stilt 905 (NM, 186); Marsh Sandpiper 1483 (NM, 186); Northern Lapwing 1737 (NM, 186)


North Korea

General description

North Korea occupies the base of the Korean Peninsula between China and South Korea. The Yellow Sea region lies to its west and has been identified as one of the most important staging areas for migratory shorebirds in the EAA Flyway (Barter 2002), but few records from the North Korean coast of this region are avail-able.

Data

Non-breeding period population estimates are largely predictions based on data from China

Number of species for which North Korea contains internationally important sites: 1Number of internationally important or staging sites in North Korea: 1

Table 5.11 Shorebirds in North Korea – number of internationally important sites by period for species

Species Total sites SM NB NM B

Far Eastern Curlew 1 1

Table 5.12 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in North Korea

Site Name Species and DetailsMundok MBWR Far Eastern Curlew 1,890 (NM,18)

Table 5.13 Internationally important sites in North Korea – number of shorebird species by period


SpeciesSM NB NM B

327 Mundok Migratory Bird Wetland Reserve 39.44 125.34 1 1

and South Korea. On this basis, at least 8 spe-cies of shorebirds of the EAA Flyway may be present in North Korea during the non-breeding period. Most would not be expected in large numbers, but the Dunlin and Eurasian Oyster-catcher may regularly be present.

One species (Far Eastern Curlew) had one site (Mundok Reserve) that met the 1% criterion during northward migration (Barter 2002). With additional surveys, other important sites for this and other species are likely to be identified during migration periods. There may also be important sites for species that occur in North Korea during the non-breeding and breeding periods. North Korea is one of the most poorly surveyed countries for migratory shorebirds in the EAA Flyway, and lies in a region known for large numbers of many species.

Figure 5.4. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in North Korea.


South Korea

General description

South Korea occupies much of the Korean Peninsula and forms the eastern shoreline of the Yellow Sea, a region identified as one of the most important staging areas for migratory shorebirds in the EAA Flyway. It is of less im-portance during the breeding and non-breeding periods, although it is far enough north for some species to breed (Barter 2002). The western coastline of South Korea has massive tidal flats and estuarine systems, but there is little suitable habitat for shorebirds inland or along the eastern coastline.

Data

Because it is primarily a staging area, the popu-lation of only one species exceeded 5% of its

Flyway population estimate during the non-breeding period.

Most important sites were identified during migration periods with few recognised during the non-breeding period and none in the breeding period. When compared in terms of numbers of species with important sites and numbers of sites recognised, there was little difference between southward and northward migration. Some species, however, had more important sites during one of the migration periods. Barter (2002) reviewed usage of important sites in the Yellow Sea area, including coastal South Ko-rea, and concluded that the Bar-tailed Godwit, Whimbrel, Great Knot and Grey Plover rely more heavily on the region during northward than southward migration. This is reflected in the number of important sites identified during northward compared with southward migration for the Bar-tailed Godwit and Whimbrel, but not for the Great Knot or Grey Plover. Barter also

Number of species for which South Korea contains internationally important sites: 22Number of internationally important sites in South Korea: 24

Figure 5.5. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in South Korea.


identified species that utilise the Yellow Sea area most during southward migration, but concluded that the area is used by approximately twice as many birds (2 000 000) during northward com-pared with southward migration. He estimated that >90% of the Flyway populations of Great Knot, Bar-tailed Godwit, Grey Plover, Kentish Plover, Eastern Curlew and Eurasian Curlew utilise the Yellow Sea area on northward migra-tion. He also suggested that the majority of the Endangered Spotted Greenshank and Vulner-able Spoon-billed Sandpiper rely on the Yellow Sea area during migration.

Important sites were located along the Yellow Sea coastline in the south and west of South Korea. Barter (2002) has reviewed information on all sites that met the 1% criterion in South Korea, including details of conservation status and threats. Land reclamation is a major threat to important shorebird sites in South Korea.

Table 5.14 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in South Korea (>5% of population)

Species Max. Count

Country Estimate

% Flyway

Eurasian Curlew 3 545 4 000 10%




Whimbrel 12 1 11



Common Greenshank 16 13 9





Great Knot 9 6 8

Red Knot 3 3

Sanderling 2 2 1


Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 3 3

Dunlin 7 3 7

Spoon-billed Sandpiper 2 2


Grey Plover 9 7 9

Kentish Plover 19 17 6



Table 5.16 Internationally important sites in South Korea – number of shorebird species by period

Total Site Code Site Name Lat. Long. SM NB NM B

Species

361 Dongjin Estuary 35.78 126.75 19 13 16

369 Mankyung Estuary 35.90 126.75 16 14 11

373 Namyang Bay 37.14 126.77 17 11 1 14

368 Kum Estuary 36.00 126.67 15 8 1 11

379 Yong Jong Island 37.52 126.53 15 12 14

357 Asan Bay 36.95 126.82 14 8 13

366 Kanghwa Island 37.58 126.50 14 9 1 11

371 Nakdong Estuary 35.13 128.92 12 11 1 5

364 Han River 37.69 126.68 11 11

377 Suncheon Bay 34.83 127.50 8 5 5

356 Aphae Island 34.83 126.33 7 3 5

362 Haenam Hwangsan 34.42 126.50 6 5 3

375 Seosan 36.77 126.45 6 6

358 Cheonsu Bay 36.49 126.44 5 5

360 Daebu Island 37.25 126.48 4 4

363 Hampyong Bay 35.12 126.42 4 4 1

Table 5.15 Shorebirds in South Korea – number of internationally important sites by period for species


Table 5.17 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in South Korea

Table 5.16 (Cont.) Internationally important sites in South Korea – number of shorebird species by period

Site Code Site Name

370 Meian Gun Tidal Flat

376 Song Do Tidal Flat

367 Koch’ang-gun

372 Namhae

359 Chido Up Muan

365 Hungwun River

374 Paeksu Tidal Flat

378 Wolgwang

Lat.

35.08

37.42

35.42

34.83

35.05

36.10

35.20

35.73

Long.

126.33

126.65

126.58

127.83

126.20

127.00

126.43

128.17

Total SM NB NM

Species

4 4

3 3

2 2

2 2

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

B


Aphae Island Bar-tailed Godwit 2,157 (NM,116); Lesser Sand Plover 1,144 (NM,116); Common Greenshank 361 (SM,116); Grey Plover 1,184 (NM,116); Terek Sandpiper 534 (SM, NM,116); Kentish Plover 4,332 (SM,116); Red-necked Stint 931 (NM,116)

Asan Bay Eurasian Curlew 348 (SM, NM,103); Lesser Sand Plover 400 (NM,180); Grey Plover 2,400 (SM, NM,180); Great Knot 34,000 (NM,18); Red Knot 1,000 (NM,180); Bar-tailed Godwit 3,500 (NM,116); Whimbrel 1,310 (SM,180); Black-tailed Godwit 18,282 (SM, NM,116); Dunlin 14,000 (NM,18); Kentish Plover 2,100 (SM, NM,180); Far Eastern Curlew 1,170 (SM, NM,18); Terek Sandpiper 1,420 (SM, NM,18); Spotted Greenshank 12 (NM,180); Common Greenshank 1,450 (SM, NM,18)

Cheonsu Bay Kentish Plover 318 (NM,103); Whimbrel 432 (NM,116); Black-tailed Godwit 3,935 (NM,103); Bar-tailed Godwit 1,752 (NM,116); Common Greenshank 963 (NM,103)

Chido Up Muan Terek Sandpiper 446 (NM,116)

Daebu Island Common Greenshank 1,209 (SM,18); Lesser Sand Plover 466 (SM,116); Kentish Plover 300 (SM,180); Terek Sandpiper 203 (SM,116)

Dongjin Estuary Far Eastern Curlew 1,045 (SM, NM,18); Whimbrel 1,070 (NM,180); Common Greenshank 1,585 (SM, NM,18); Red Knot 1,500 (NM,180); Terek Sandpiper 1,600 (SM, NM,103); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 650 (NM,180); Red-necked Stint 5,000 (NM,180); Eurasian Curlew 775 (SM,18); Kentish Plover 8,850 (SM,180); Dunlin 38,850 (SM, NM,180); Black-tailed Godwit 2,750 (SM, NM,18); Spoon-billed Sandpiper 100 (SM,18); Broad-billed Sandpiper 800 (SM, NM,18); Grey Plover 3,601 (SM, NM,180); Bar-tailed Godwit 8,430 (SM, NM,180); Ruddy Turnstone 450 (NM,180); Spotted Greenshank 59 (SM,18); Great Knot 60,000 (SM, NM,180); Lesser Sand Plover 4,320 (SM, NM,180)

Haenam Hwangsan Terek Sandpiper 412 (SM, NM,116); Spotted Greenshank 4 (SM, NM,116); Kentish Plover 332 (SM,116); Common Greenshank 191 (SM,116); Bar-tailed Godwit 1,272 (NM,116); Eurasian Curlew 195 (SM,116)

Hampyong Bay Lesser Sand Plover 410 (SM,116); Common Greenshank 152 (SM,116); Terek Sandpiper 1,496 (SM, NM,116); Kentish Plover 1,830 (SM,116)

Han River Red-necked Stint 2,400 (NM,141); Whimbrel 320 (NM,141); Common Greenshank 170 (NM,141); Spotted Greenshank 79 (NM,141); Dunlin 16,400 (NM,141); Black-tailed Godwit 10,500 (NM,141); Lesser Sand Plover 3,500 (NM,141); Terek Sandpiper 480 (NM,141); Great Knot 7,700 (NM,141); Bar-tailed Godwit 8,000 (NM,141); Grey Plover 2,100 (NM,141)

Hungwun River Black-tailed Godwit 1,701 (NM,117)



Kanghwa Island Whimbrel 485 (NM,180); Grey Plover 1,145 (SM, NM,180); Red-necked Stint 1,560 (NM,180); Terek Sandpiper 2,300 (SM, NM,18); Kentish Plover 3,500 (SM,103); Spotted Greenshank 40 (SM, NM,180); Lesser Sand Plover 1,700 (SM, NM,180); Dunlin 17,000 (NM,180); Far Eastern Curlew 2,120 (SM, NM,180); Black-tailed Godwit 2,915 (SM,180); Bar-tailed Godwit 2,200 (NM,180); Great Knot 3,300 (SM, NM,180); Eurasian Curlew 642 (NB,169); Common Greenshank 1,000 (SM, NM,180)

Koch’ang-gun Kentish Plover 1,020 (SM,180); Spotted Greenshank 5 (SM,180)

Kum Estuary Whimbrel 452 (NM,116); Eurasian Oystercatcher 5,700 (SM, NB, NM,18); Kentish Plover 2,500 (SM,18); Black-tailed Godwit 2,049 (NM,116); Eurasian Curlew 2,800 (SM,18); Sanderling 300 (SM,18); Grey-tailed Tattler 161 (NM,116); Far Eastern Curlew 422 (NM,18); Lesser Sand Plover 488 (NM,116); Grey Plover 1,300 (SM, NM,18); Common Greenshank 699 (SM, NM,116); Bar-tailed Godwit 2,145 (NM,116); Great Knot 18,850 (NM,116); Terek Sandpiper 1,653 (SM, NM,116); Spotted Greenshank 6 (SM,116)

Mankyung Estuary Broad-billed Sandpiper 700 (SM,18); Far Eastern Curlew 1,100 (SM, NM,18); Dunlin 47,650 (SM, NM,18); Ruddy Turnstone 400 (SM, NM,180); Kentish Plover 11,000 (SM, NM,18); Eurasian Curlew 530 (SM,180); Lesser Sand Plover 4,100 (SM, NM,180); Black-tailed Godwit 8,008 (SM,180); Bar-tailed Godwit 3,350 (NM,180); Great Knot 59,000 (SM, NM,18); Spoon-billed Sandpiper 180 (SM,125); Grey Plover 4,700 (SM, NM,18); Spotted Greenshank 52 (SM,18); Red-necked Stint 5,023 (SM, NM,103); Whimbrel 620 (NM,180); Terek Sandpiper 1,040 (SM, NM,180)

Meian Gun Tidal Flat Lesser Sand Plover 862 (SM,116); Kentish Plover 1,345 (SM,116); Terek Sandpiper 1,628 (SM,116); Common Greenshank 236 (SM,116)

Nakdong Estuary Lesser Sand Plover 443 (SM,128); Common Greenshank 400 (SM,141); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 3,100 (NM,120); Great Knot 1,240 (SM,141); Black-tailed Godwit 450 (SM,141); Red-necked Stint 10,900 (SM, NM,141); Eurasian Curlew 1,010 (SM, NB,116); Kentish Plover 2,561 (SM,128); Grey-tailed Tattler 463 (SM, NM,116); Far Eastern Curlew 635 (SM, NM,141); Sanderling 1,300 (SM, NM,141); Terek Sandpiper 790 (SM,141)

Namhae Grey-tailed Tattler 347 (NM,116); Whimbrel 407 (NM,116)

Namyang Bay Far Eastern Curlew 280 (SM, NM,180); Kentish Plover 4,600 (SM, NM,180); Terek Sandpiper 1,420 (SM, NM,18); Bar-tailed Godwit 5,800 (NM,180); Spotted Greenshank 57 (SM, NM,18); Grey Plover 2,265 (SM, NM,18); Dunlin 15,200 (NM,18); Eurasian Curlew 2,451 (SM, NB, NM,180); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,139 (NM,103); Ruddy Turnstone 1,533 (SM,180); Black-tailed Godwit 2,020 (NM,180); Lesser Sand Plover 1,610 (SM, NM,180); Common Greenshank 460 (SM,180); Whimbrel 740 (NM,18); Great Knot 21,000 (SM, NM,180); Red Knot 580 (NM,180); Eurasian Oystercatcher 220 (SM, 180)

Paeksu Tidal Flat Kentish Plover 1,020 (SM,18)

Seosan Common Greenshank 963 (NM,180); Kentish Plover 1,063 (NM,180); Bar-tailed Godwit 1,732 (NM,117); Whimbrel 432 (NM,117); Black-tailed Godwit 6,006 (NM,180); Red-necked Stint 1,867 (NM,180)

Song Do Tidal Flat Far Eastern Curlew 95 (SM,116); Terek Sandpiper 268 (SM,116); Kentish Plover 324 (SM,116)

Suncheon Bay Eurasian Curlew 239 (SM,116); Spotted Greenshank 26 (SM,116); Common Greenshank 548 (SM, NM,116); Terek Sandpiper 1,046 (SM, NM,116); Kentish Plover 1,230 (SM,18); Grey-tailed Tattler 429 (NM,116); Whimbrel 528 (NM,116); Bar-tailed Godwit 1,868 (NM,116)

Wolgwang Black-tailed Godwit 450 (SM,117)

Yong Jong Island Spotted Greenshank 7 (SM, NM,180); Lesser Sand Plover 2,060 (SM, NM,180); Far Eastern Curlew 1,620 (SM, NM,18); Terek Sandpiper 1,358 (SM, NM,116); Ruddy Turnstone 180 (NM,180); Whimbrel 825 (NM,180); Great Knot 6,000 (SM, NM,180); Red-necked Stint 1,150 (NM,180); Grey Plover 2,280 (SM, NM,180); Kentish Plover 3,048 (SM, NM,180); Common Greenshank 474 (SM, NM,180); Dunlin 16,800 (SM, NM,58); Black-tailed Godwit 800 (SM,58); Bar-tailed Godwit 3,500 (SM, NM,18); Eurasian Curlew 327 (SM, NM,180)

Table 5.17 (cont). Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in South Korea


General description

Japan is a complex of islands that lies off the coastline of mainland eastern Asia, and it stretches from 45°N to 24°N. The north of the country is therefore in a region where birds would be expected only during migration, where-as the south of the country is within the non-breeding period range. Although much of the country is mountainous, the coastline is exten-sive and there are tidal flats and embayments.

Data

Japan is one of the most extensively surveyed and monitored countries in the Flyway for migratory shorebirds. During the non-breeding period, 45 species of shorebirds of the Flyway are present, but populations of only four species exceed 5% of their Flyway estimate. No species relies heavily on Japan during the non-breeding period, but one race of the Solitary Snipe is believed to migrate exclusively to Japan from unknown breeding grounds, while Japan sup-ports the majority of the breeding populations of the Japanese Snipe and Grey-headed Lapwing. These do not form aggregations when breed-ing so no important sites were identified in the breeding period.

Large numbers of some species are known to pass through Japan on migration. Species with the highest number of important sites over-all, and these mainly on migration, were the Whimbrel, Grey-tailed Tattler, Ruddy Turnstone and Sanderling. A single site was identified as important for the Vulnerable Spoon-billed Sand-piper during southward migration.

Fewer species with important sites are present during the non-breeding period (5 species) compared with either southward (18 species) or northward (19 species) migration. There are strong differences in the number of important sites between the migration periods for some species, with more sites recognised overall during northward (77 sites) than southward (49 sites) migration. Only 4 sites are important

Japan

during the non-breeding period. While species such as the Whimbrel, Ruddy Turnstone, Pacific Golden Plover and Lesser Sand Plover reflect this overall trend for greater usage during north-ward migration, there are also species that make greater use of Japanese sites on southward migration, and some species for which no differ-ence in site usage between migration periods is apparent.

Japan had the largest number of important sites after Australia. Most Japanese sites were impor-tant for only a few species. Isahaya Higata was important for the most species (7) and only 6 sites were important for 5 or more species.

Important sites were found the length of Japan, but were concentrated in southern Honshu and the island of Kyushu. Survey coverage of Japan is probably better than in any other country in the Flyway during the migration periods.

Table 5.18 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in Japan (>5% of population)

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway



Number of species for which Japan contains internationally important sites: 20Number of internationally important sites in Japan: 89

178 | Migratory Shorebirds of the East Asian - Australasian Flyway

Figure 5.6 Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Japan.

Figure 5.6a. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Japan (enlargements).


Figure 5.6b-c. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Japan (enlargements).


Table 5.19 Shorebirds in Japan – number of inter-nationally important sites by period for species

Species Sites SM NB NM B

Bar-tailed Godwit 1 1

Whimbrel 26 1 25

Eurasian Curlew 2 2


Spotted Redshank 2 2


Wood Sandpiper 1 1




Sanderling 12 7 2 7



Red-necked Phalarope 7 1 6

Pacific Golden Plover 18 4 1 17

Grey Plover 3 3 3

Little Ringed Plover 12 9 5

Kentish Plover 3 2 1

Lesser Sand Plover 4 4

Grey-headed Lapwing 3 3 2

Table 5.20 Internationally important sites in Japan – number of shorebird species by period

Site Code Site Name

225 Isahaya Higata

270 Shio-kawa Higata

213 Fujimae Higata

216 Fuuren-ko (Onnetou ohashi)

286 Wajiro Higata

289 Yatsu Higata

205 Arao Kaigan

211 Daijugarami

229 Kamisu-Chou Takahama

238 Komuke-ko

271 Shiraho, Miyara-wan

273 Sone Higata

275 Takamatsu, Kahoku Kaigan

285 Usa Kaigan

207 Awase Higata

215 Futtsu

231 Kasai Kaihinkouen

240 Kuma-gawa Kakou

252 Nakatsu Kaigan

266 Sanbanze, Tokyo Bay

Total Lat. Long. SM NB NM

Species

32.83 130.08 7 5 3

34.68 137.30 6 3 6

35.08 136.83 5 4 3

43.29 145.36 5 4 3

33.68 130.42 5 4 1 1

35.68 140.03 5 3 4

33.03 130.47 4 1 4

33.17 130.27 4 2 3

35.87 140.63 4 4

44.27 143.48 4 1 3

24.35 124.21 4 3 4

33.82 130.97 4 4

36.75 136.70 4 2 3

33.57 131.43 4 1 1 2

26.30 127.82 3 1 1 2

35.25 139.86 3 3

35.62 139.87 3 1 3

32.47 130.57 3 2 3

33.58 131.25 3 1 2

35.67 139.98 3 2 1 1

B


Table 5.20 (cont.) Internationally important sites in Japan – number of shorebird species by period


SpeciesSM NB NM B

272 Shira-kawa Kakou 32.78 130.60 3 2 3

278 Tochigi-ken Nanbu, Suiden-chitai 36.28 139.80 3 3

282 Tyuuou-bouhatei Uchi-Sotogawa Umetatechi 35.58 139.82 3 2 3

291 Yonaha-wan 24.75 125.27 3 2 2

206 Atago-gawa, Kushida-gawa 34.60 136.57 2 1 2

208 Banzu 35.42 139.92 2 2 1

219 Hikata Hachimangoku 36.75 140.68 2 1 1

221 Iioka Kaigan 35.70 140.72 2 1 1

222 Ikawazu 34.62 137.13 2 2

223 Inba-numa 35.78 140.32 2 2

227 Kahokugata 36.67 136.68 2 2

230 Kamo-gawa Kakou 33.92 133.17 2 1 2

232 Kashima Shingomori 33.12 130.10 2 1 1

234 Kasumigaura Nangan, Sakuragawa-mura 35.95 140.40 2 1 1

235 Kikuchi-gawa Kakou 32.88 130.53 2 1 1

242 Makuharinohama 35.65 140.05 2 2

247 Morigasakinohana 35.56 139.77 2 2

248 Moriyamashi-kogan 35.13 135.92 2 2

254 Naruto-machi Suiden 35.34 140.28 2 2

256 Notsuke-zaki, Odaitou 43.58 145.30 2 2 1

257 Obitsu-gawa Kakou 35.33 139.92 2 2

260 Onaga Higata 26.15 127.67 2 2 2

263 Osaka, Nankou Yachouen 34.63 135.47 2 1 1

279 Tone-gawa Kakou 35.75 140.83 2 1 1

287 Yahagi-gawa Kakou 34.82 136.98 2 1 2

290 Yodaura Suiden 35.92 140.53 2 2

203 Akashi-Iwayakouro 34.62 135.02 1 1

204 Anou-gawa Kakou, Shitomo-gawa Kakou 34.73 136.53 1 1

209 Chidorihama Kiya-gawa Kakou 34.53 133.73 1 1

210 Chiri-hama 36.88 136.72 1 1

212 Daimyoujin-gawa Kakou 33.95 133.08 1 1

214 Fukiagehama Kaigan 31.41 130.26 1 1

217 Hachirougata-shiokuchi 40.00 140.00 1 1

218 Hayatsue-gawa Kakou 33.15 130.33 1

220 Ichinomiya-gawa Kakou 35.39 140.39 1 1 1

224 Inbanuma-Cyuuouhaisuiro 35.75 140.25 1 1

226 Izumi Kantaku 32.08 130.37 1 1

228 Kakinoki-cho 35.83 140.78 1 1

233 Kashimanada 36.00 140.66 1 1

236 Kiritappu Shitsugen 43.16 145.18 1 1

237 Komaiko Kaigan 36.47 136.47 1 1 1

239 Kujukuri Hama 35.79 140.57 1 1

241 Kumedaike 34.45 135.42 1 1

243 Manko 26.18 127.68 1 1

244 Matsugishi-higata 35.73 140.80 1 1

245 Mikumo-cho Kaigan Kouhaichi 34.63 136.55 1 1


Site Code Site Name

246 Miyagawakakou, Sotoshirotagawakakou

249 Mukawa Kakou

250 Nabaki-gawa, Hori-kawa

251 Nagasaki Kaigan

253 Narashino-akanehama

255 Nisikaminomiya-machi

258 Okukubi-gawa Kakou

259 Omaezaki-kaigan

261 Ookubo Noukouchi

262 Oono-gawa, Suna-gawa Kakou

264 Rokkaku-gawa Kakou

265 Saigawa-karyuu

267 Saroma-ko

268 Shigenobu-gawa Kakou

269 Shimofusa-machi Taka

274 Suzuka-gawa Kakou, Suzuka-hasen Kakou

276 Teganuma

277 Tennou Kaigan

280 Toukyou-kou Chobokujou

281 Toukyou-kou, Yatyouen Shuuhen

283 Uchiura Wan

284 Umeda-gawa Kakou

288 Yahagihuru-kawa Kakou

Total Lat. Long. SM NB NM

Species

34.50 136.72 1 1

42.57 141.93 1 1

35.43 140.40 1 1 1

35.70 140.80 1 1

35.65 140.02 1 1

36.32 139.15 1 1

26.43 127.95 1 1

34.60 138.23 1 1

35.99 139.03 1 1 1

32.62 130.65 1 1

33.20 130.22 1 1

36.60 136.58 1 1

44.13 143.83 1 1

33.72 132.70 1 1

35.90 140.38 1 1

34.92 136.65 1 1

35.85 140.08 1 1

39.90 139.96 1 1

35.62 139.84 1 1

35.57 139.77 1 1

35.07 138.84 1 1

34.72 137.35 1 1

34.80 137.20 1 1

B

Table 5.20 (cont.) Internationally important sites in Japan – number of shorebird species by period

Table 5.21 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in JapanSite Name Species and Details

Akashi-Iwayakouro Red-necked Phalarope 300 (NM,94)

Anou-gawa Kakou, Shitomo- Grey-tailed Tattler 126 (NM,179)gawa Kakou

Arao Kaigan Ruddy Turnstone 100 (NM,179); Grey-tailed Tattler 183 (NM,178); Grey Plover 804 (SM, NM,178); Bar-tailed Godwit 900 (NM,178)

Atago-gawa, Kushida-gawa Grey-tailed Tattler 431 (SM, NM,54); Whimbrel 352 (NM,54)

Awase Higata Grey-tailed Tattler 151 (NM,178); Ruddy Turnstone 130 (SM,177); Pacific Golden Plover 1,223 (NB, NM,179)

Banzu Ruddy Turnstone 430 (SM, NM,177); Little Ringed Plover 87 (SM,93)

Chidorihama Kiya-gawa Kakou Whimbrel 255 (NM,54)

Chiri-hama Red-necked Phalarope 1,221 (NM,94)

Daijugarami Grey Plover 1,400 (SM, NM,178); Common Greenshank 475 (SM,177); Whimbrel 607 (NM,177); Terek Sandpiper 459 (NM,91)

Daimyoujin-gawa Kakou Grey-tailed Tattler 138 (NM,94)

Fujimae Higata Terek Sandpiper 217 (SM,54); Grey-tailed Tattler 512 (SM, NM,54); Whimbrel 515 (NM,54); Common Greenshank 181 (SM,54); Red-necked Stint 2,474 (SM, NM,54)

Fukiagehama Kaigan Far Eastern Curlew 254 (NM,91)

Futtsu Ruddy Turnstone 300 (NM,94); Sanderling 278 (NM,94); Grey-tailed Tattler 150 (NM,94)

Fuuren-ko (Onnetou ohashi) Common Greenshank 230 (SM,120); Grey-tailed Tattler 2,000 (SM, NM,120); Ruddy Turnstone 505 (SM, NM,178); Red-necked Phalarope 1,000 (SM,120); Red-necked Stint 2,712 (NM,179)

Hachirougata-shiokuchi Pacific Golden Plover 500 (NM,54)

Hayatsue-gawa Kakou Terek Sandpiper 203 (SM,54)


Table 5.21 (cont.) Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Japan

Site Name Species and DetailsHikata Hachimangoku Little Ringed Plover 103 (SM,92)

Hikata Hachimangoku Whimbrel 326 (NM,94)

Ichinomiya-gawa Kakou Sanderling 600 (SM, NM,93)

Iioka Kaigan Whimbrel 4,041 (NM,94); Sanderling 294 (SM,92)

Ikawazu Grey-tailed Tattler 125 (NM,179); Ruddy Turnstone 178 (NM,94)

Inba-numa Pacific Golden Plover 1,151 (NM,94); Ruddy Turnstone 542 (NM,94)

Inbanuma-Cyuuouhaisuiro Pacific Golden Plover 401 (NM,94)

Isahaya Higata Terek Sandpiper 911 (SM,54); Grey Plover 1,130 (SM, NM,54); Spoon-billed Sand-piper 41 (SM,159); Eurasian Curlew 160 (NM,54); Whimbrel 468 (NM,54); Common Greenshank 166 (SM,54); Far Eastern Curlew 120 (SM,54)

Izumi Kantaku Grey-tailed Tattler 131 (NM,54)

Kahokugata Whimbrel 426 (NM,54); Wood Sandpiper 300 (NM,178)

Kakinoki-cho Pacific Golden Plover 256 (NM,94)

Kamisu-Chou Takahama Ruddy Turnstone 761 (NM,94); Whimbrel 3,340 (NM,177); Spotted Redshank 329 (NM,54); Pacific Golden Plover 631 (NM,54)

Kamo-gawa Kakou Grey-tailed Tattler 171 (SM, NM,179); Whimbrel 371 (NM,94)

Kasai Kaihinkouen Whimbrel 1,220 (NM,179); Grey-tailed Tattler 214 (NM,54); Ruddy Turnstone 305 (SM, NM,54)

Kashima Shingomori Terek Sandpiper 179 (SM,179); Whimbrel 1,280 (NM,178)

Kashimanada Sanderling 252 (NM,94)

Kasumigaura Nangan, Sakura- Little Ringed Plover 123 (SM,179); Pacific Golden Plover 642 (NM,177)gawa-mura

Kikuchi-gawa Kakou Terek Sandpiper 301 (SM,54); Grey-tailed Tattler 185 (NM,54)

Kiritappu Shitsugen Ruddy Turnstone 93 (NM,54)

Komaiko Kaigan Sanderling 500 (SM, NM,91)

Komuke-ko Red-necked Phalarope 30,000 (NM,94); Whimbrel 970 (SM,179); Red-necked Stint 1,522 (NM,179); Pacific Golden Plover 250 (NM,92)

Kujukuri Hama Sanderling 881 (SM,93)

Kuma-gawa Kakou Whimbrel 270 (NM,94); Terek Sandpiper 448 (SM, NM,54); Grey-tailed Tattler 321 (SM, NM,54)

Kumedaike Little Ringed Plover 127 (SM,92)

Makuharinohama Grey-tailed Tattler 307 (SM,92); Ruddy Turnstone 150 (SM,93)

Manko Grey-tailed Tattler 168 (SM,54)

Matsugishi-higata Ruddy Turnstone 156 (NM,94)

Mikumo-cho Kaigan Kouhaichi Grey-tailed Tattler 542 (SM,54)

Miyagawakakou, Sotoshirota- Ruddy Turnstone 144 (NM,94)gawakakou

Morigasakinohana Ruddy Turnstone 249 (NM,54); Lesser Sand Plover 397 (NM,91)

Moriyamashi-kogan Whimbrel 572 (NM,94); Little Ringed Plover 100 (NM,91)

Mukawa Kakou Whimbrel 250 (NM,177)

Nabaki-gawa, Hori-kawa Sanderling 576 (SM, NM,178)

Nagasaki Kaigan Whimbrel 300 (NM,94)

Nakatsu Kaigan Terek Sandpiper 155 (SM,177); Ruddy Turnstone 101 (NM,94); Grey-tailed Tattler 200 (NM,178)

Narashino-akanehama Ruddy Turnstone 186 (NM,94)

Naruto-machi Suiden Ruddy Turnstone 437 (NM,94); Pacific Golden Plover 690 (NM,94)

Nisikaminomiya-machi Little Ringed Plover 77 (SM,179)

Notsuke-zaki, Odaitou Ruddy Turnstone 598 (SM, NM,178); Grey-tailed Tattler 1,924 (SM,177)

Obitsu-gawa Kakou Grey-tailed Tattler 369 (SM,54); Kentish Plover 980 (SM,54)

Okukubi-gawa Kakou Little Ringed Plover 63 (NM,94)


Table 5.21 (cont.) Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Japan

Site Name Species and DetailsOmaezaki-kaigan Ruddy Turnstone 134 (NM,54)

Onaga Higata Grey-tailed Tattler 151 (SM, NM,91); Ruddy Turnstone 171 (SM, NM,94)

Ookubo Noukouchi Pacific Golden Plover 312 (SM, NM,54)

Oono-gawa, Suna-gawa Kakou Whimbrel 470 (NM,179)

Osaka, Nankou Yachouen Little Ringed Plover 298 (SM,177); Red-necked Stint 1,450 (NM,177)

Rokkaku-gawa Kakou Common Greenshank 197 (SM,92)

Saigawa-karyuu Red-necked Phalarope 1,000 (NM,94)

Sanbanze, Tokyo Bay Sanderling 238 (NB,179); Ruddy Turnstone 553 (SM, NM,94); Grey-tailed Tattler 137 (SM,93)

Saroma-ko Grey-tailed Tattler 142 (SM,54)

Shigenobu-gawa Kakou Ruddy Turnstone 98 (NM,54)

Shimofusa-machi Taka Pacific Golden Plover 311 (NM,94)

Shio-kawa Higata Grey-headed Lapwing 355 (SM, NM,91); Red-necked Stint 1,659 (NM,54); Ruddy Turnstone 239 (NM,179); Little Ringed Plover 105 (SM, NM,91); Whimbrel 415 (NM,177); Grey-tailed Tattler 403 (SM, NM,177)

Shiraho, Miyara-wan Grey-tailed Tattler 224 (SM, NM,92); Pacific Golden Plover 867 (SM, NM,94); Ruddy Turnstone 133 (SM, NM,92); Lesser Sand Plover 900 (NM,94)

Shira-kawa Kakou Whimbrel 353 (NM,179); Terek Sandpiper 468 (SM, NM,92); Grey-tailed Tattler 216 (SM, NM,92)

Sone Higata Eurasian Curlew 132 (NM,54); Far Eastern Curlew 105 (NM,94); Grey-tailed Tattler 278 (NM,94); Whimbrel 625 (NM,54)

Suzuka-gawa Kakou, Suzuka-hasen Kakou

Sanderling 430 (NM,94)

Takamatsu, Kahoku Kaigan Grey-tailed Tattler 532 (NM,54); Sanderling 395 (SM, NM,178); Little Ringed Plover 103 (SM,92); Red-necked Phalarope 2,159 (NM,94)

Teganuma Pacific Golden Plover 401 (NM,94)

Tennou Kaigan Pacific Golden Plover 500 (NM,178)

Tochigi-ken Nanbu, Suiden-chitai Little Ringed Plover 103 (NM,91); Whimbrel 928 (NM,54); Pacific Golden Plover 1,209 (NM,179)

Tone-gawa Kakou Spotted Redshank 260 (NM,54); Sanderling 700 (SM,54)

Toukyou-kou Chobokujou Grey-tailed Tattler 189 (NM,91)

Toukyou-kou, Yatyouen Shuuhen Ruddy Turnstone 159 (NM,91)

Tyuuou-bouhatei Uchi-Sotogawa Umetatechi

Lesser Sand Plover 445 (NM,91); Little Ringed Plover 98 (SM, NM,92); Ruddy Turnstone 121 (SM, NM,92)

Uchiura Wan Red-necked Phalarope 600 (NM,54)

Umeda-gawa Kakou Grey-tailed Tattler 125 (SM,54)

Usa Kaigan Kentish Plover 1,076 (NB,179); Whimbrel 839 (NM,94); Grey-tailed Tattler 204 (NM,91); Terek Sandpiper 342 (SM,92)

Wajiro Higata Grey-tailed Tattler 182 (SM, NM,177); Common Greenshank 185 (SM,177); Sanderling 241 (NB,179); Terek Sandpiper 216 (SM,177); Red-necked Stint 1,050 (SM,179)

Yahagi-gawa Kakou Whimbrel 354 (NM,179); Grey-headed Lapwing 1,222 (SM, NM,54)

Yahagihuru-kawa Kakou Grey-headed Lapwing 283 (SM,91)

Yatsu Higata Ruddy Turnstone 243 (SM, NM,177); Kentish Plover 1,424 (SM,54); Grey-tailed Tattler 336 (SM, NM,177); Lesser Sand Plover 372 (NM,54); Whimbrel 894 (NM,54)

Yodaura Suiden Ruddy Turnstone 467 (NM,54); Pacific Golden Plover 379 (NM,54)

Yonaha-wan Pacific Golden Plover 1,500 (SM, NM,94); Ruddy Turnstone 93 (SM,177); Whimbrel 657 (NM,94)


Philippines

General description

The Philippines is a tropical archipelago that lies between Taiwan and Indonesia. It has an exten-sive coastline but lacks large inland wetlands, rivers and estuaries of the magnitude seen in mainland Asia. It can be expected to support shorebirds during migration periods and the non-breeding period.

Data

Data from the Philippines are mostly from the larger islands and several parts of the country are under-surveyed. During the non-breeding period, 43 species of shorebirds of the Flyway

are present, including the Endangered Spot-ted Greenshank. The non-breeding period populations of 6 species exceed 5% of their Flyway estimate.

Important sites were identified only during the non-breeding (6) and northward migration (3) periods, suggesting a fundamental difference in usage of the country during the two migration periods.

The sites that support the most species are Manila Bay on the northern island of Luzon, and Olango Island, which is very close to Cebu-Mactan on the island of Cebu. Olango Island and Cebu-Mactan are used mainly during north-ward migration, while Manila Bay is important during the non-breeding and northward migra-tion periods. All sites are coastal or near-coast-al, and given the extent of Philippines’ coastline, additional sites are likely to be identified.

Number of species for which Philippines contains internationally important sites: 15Number of internationally important sites in Philippines: 8

Figure 5.7. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in the Philippines.


Table 5.24 Internationally important sites in The Philippines – number of shorebird species by period


SpeciesSM NB NM B

393 Manila Bay 14.50 120.75 12 11 3

394 Olango Island 10.23 124.03 4 4

389 Arevalo-Muanduriao 10.70 122.52 1 1

390 Buguey 18.28 121.83 1 1

391 Cebu-Mactan 10.33 123.98 1 1

392 Davao River Mouth 7.03 125.60 1 1

395 Ormoc Intertidal Flat 11.00 124.57 1 1

396 Talon-Talon Wetland 6.92 122.12 1 1

Table 5.25 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in The Philippines


Arevalo-Muanduriao Little Ringed Plover 253 (NB,169)

Buguey Kentish Plover 1,408 (NB,169)

Cebu-Mactan Grey-tailed Tattler 710 (NM,120)

Davao River Mouth Pheasant-tailed Jacana 400 (NB,169)

Manila Bay Little Ringed Plover 400 (NB,169); Black-winged Stilt 450 (NB,169); Common Redshank 1,369 (NB,169); Greater Sand Plover 2,464 (NB,169); Lesser Sand Plover 2,000 (NB,169); Common Sandpiper 500 (NB,169); Common Greenshank 700 (NB,169); Grey-tailed Tattler 500 (NB,169); Kentish Plover 3,000 (NB,169); Curlew Sandpiper 1,278 (NM,120); Marsh Sandpiper 1,500 (NB, NM,169); Pacific Golden Plover 2,100 (NB, NM,169)

Olango Island Common Greenshank 170 (NM,120); Eurasian Curlew 124 (NM,120); Greater Sand Plover 2,000 (NM,120); Red-necked Stint 2,000 (NM, 46)

Ormoc Intertidal Flat Little Ringed Plover 300 (NB,169)

Talon-Talon Wetland Common Sandpiper 1,000 (NB,169)

Table 5.22 Shorebirds in The Philippines – number of internationally important sites by period for species

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Eurasian Curlew 1 1

Common Redshank 1 1

Marsh Sandpiper 1 1 1




Red-necked Stint 1 1




Kentish Plover 2 2


Greater Sand Plover 2 1 1

Pheasant-tailed Jacana 1 1


Table 5.23 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in The Philippines (>5% of population)

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway






Greater Sand Plover 4 615 5 000 5


Vietnam

General description

Vietnam is located on the central part of the Flyway and therefore can be expected to sup-port migratory shorebirds during the migration and non-breeding periods. It has an extensive coastline and several estuaries as well as inland wetlands.

Data

During the non-breeding period 37 shorebird species are regularly present in Vietnam, but no species are present in numbers that exceed 5% of their Flyway population estimate.

Number of species for which Vietnam contains internationally important sites: 12Number of internationally important sites in Vietnam: 6

Of the 12 species with important sites in Viet-nam, 4 were reported in significant numbers from the non-breeding period, 1 from south-ward migration and 8 from northward migration. These figures suggest greater use of Vietnam during northward than southward migration by a range of species.

Of the 6 important sites, only Hoa Trinh and Dat Mui have important numbers of any species present in more than one period. The sites are clustered in two regions, with Dat Mui, Hoa Trinh and Cat-Tien National Park in the south of the country, near the Mekong Delta, and the remain-ing sites in the north.

Vietnam is important during northward migration for both the Endangered Spotted Greenshank (2 sites met the staging criterion) and the Vul-nerable Spoon-billed Sandpiper (1 site met the

Figure 5.8. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Vietnam.

staging criterion). Key coastal sites have been surveyed but data are inadequate for many areas, espe-cially inland.


Table 5.26 Shorebirds in Vietnam – number of internationally important sites by period for species

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B


Eurasian Curlew 1 1



Spotted Greenshank 2 2

Grey-tailed Tattler 1 1

Ruddy Turnstone 1 1



Kentish Plover 1 1


Grey-headed Lapwing 1 1

Table 5.27 Internationally important sites in Vietnam – number of shorebird species by period


SpeciesSM NB NM B

406 Day and Ninh Co Estuary 19.97 106.12 4 4

407 Hoa Trinh 10.20 106.60 4 3 1

409 Xuan Thuy Reserve 20.35 106.52 4 4

405 Dat Mui 8.62 104.73 2 1 1

404 Cat-Tien NP 11.35 107.00 1 1

408 Tien Lang District 20.67 106.67 1 1

Table 5.28 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Vietnam

Site Name Species and DetailsCat-Tien NP Grey-headed Lapwing 356 (NB,120)

Dat Mui Eurasian Curlew 384 (SM,37); Common Greenshank 304 (NM,118)

Day and Ninh Co Estuary Spotted Greenshank 5 (NM,126); Common Greenshank 210 (NM,126); Grey-tailed Tattler 480 (NM,127); Spotted Redshank 760 (NM,127)

Hoa Trinh Kentish Plover 1,300 (NB,118); Greater Sand Plover 3,000 (NB,118); Ruddy Turnstone 103 (NM,118); Black-tailed Godwit 1,600 (NB,118)

Tien Lang District Spotted Redshank 394 (NM,126)

Xuan Thuy Reserve Black-tailed Godwit 5,000 (NM,126); Broad-billed Sandpiper 400 (NM,126); Spoon-billed Sandpiper 27 (NM,32); Spotted Greenshank 8 (NM,126)


Cambodia

General description

Cambodia is in the north of the Indo-Malay peninsula and can therefore can be expected to support migratory shorebirds during both migra-tion periods and non-breeding period. It has a small coastline but extensive inland wetlands.

Data

Thirty shorebird species are regularly present in Cambodia during the non-breeding period (see Overview), but no species is believed to be present in excess of 5% of its Flyway population during the non-breeding period.

Important sites have been identified for 2 spe-cies, with the most notable record being the use of Koh Kong by the endangered Spotted Greenshank during the non-breeding period. Koh Kong was also important for the Broad-billed Sandpiper in the non-breeding period, but other species and sites were recognised on the basis of migration counts that met the staging criteria.

The inland wetlands of Cambodia are almost certainly under-sampled and species that use such sites, including Common Snipe, Pin-tailed Snipe and Pheasant-tailed Jacana, may there-fore be present in larger numbers than available data suggest.

Figure 5.9: Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Cambodia.

Number of species for which Cambodia contains internationally important sites: 2Number of internationally important sites in Cambodia: 1


SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B



Table 5.30 Internationally important sites in Cambodia – number of shorebird species by period

Site Code Site Name Lat. Long. Total Species SM NB NM B140 Koh Kong (Kaoh Kapik) 11.50 103.00 2 2

Table 5.31 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Cambodia

Site Name Species and DetailsKoh Kong (Kaoh Kapik) Broad-billed Sandpiper 400 (NB,170); Spotted Greenshank 13 (NB,170)

Table 5.29 Shorebirds in Cambodia – number of internationally important sites by period for species


Laos

General description

Laos is a land-locked nation of the Indo-Chinese peninsula and is therefore utilised mainly by shorebirds of inland wetlands during migration and the non-breeding periods.

Data

Count data from the non-breeding period were found for 11 shorebird species. No data are available to show that any species occurs in numbers >5% of the Flyway estimate, but Laos probably supports >1% of the EAA Flyway estimate of the Wood Sandpiper and the Grey-headed Lapwing. No important sites were identified for any species.

Shorebirds of inland wetlands have been under-surveyed, and there may be greater use of inland sites in Laos during migration periods and the non-breeding period than indicated by avail-able data.

Number of species for which Laos contains internationally important sites: 0Number of internationally important sites in Laos: 0


Thailand

General description

Thailand makes up part of the Indo-Malay penin-sula and has an extensive coastline around the Gulf of Thailand and along the Andaman Sea. There are also inland wetlands and major river systems, particularly in the north. Its geographic position in the Flyway means it is likely to sup-port shorebirds during both migration periods and in the non-breeding period.

Data

Data from the non-breeding period were avail-able for 46 shorebird species of the EAA Flyway. The estimated populations of at least 5 spe-cies exceed 5% of their Flyway estimate in the non-breeding period. Country estimates are not available for 16 species that rely largely upon inland wetlands, but some, such as the Com-mon Snipe, may be very abundant (P. Round pers. comm.). The Endan-gered Spotted Greenshank and Vulnerable Spoon-billed Sandpiper have been regularly recorded.

Important sites were identified in the non-breeding period and both migration periods. Of the 18 species with important sites, 17 had sites recorded in the non-breeding period and 8 had sites recorded in two or more periods, indicating that Thailand is important for shorebirds across much of the year.

The Inner Gulf of Thailand and Pattani Bay are important for the greatest numbers of species, with 15 and 6 species respectively. These two sites differ in patterns of usage, with the Inner Gulf of Thailand an important non-breeding area for 13 species, and with some usage during northward migra-tion. In contrast, Pattani Bay supports most species during the southward migration and

non-breeding periods. Records from the Inner Gulf of Thailand include counts made on the coast near Samut Songkhram, Samut Sakhon and at the mouth of the Phetchaburi River, and this region is recognised as one of the most im-portant for waterbirds in Thailand (Round 2000).

Most of the sites are coastal but many of the species present in Thailand, particularly during the non-breeding period, are known to use fresh-water, inland wetlands. This suggests that such sites and species have been under-sampled.

Number of species for which Thailand contains internationally important sites: 18Number of internationally important sites in Thailand: 9

Table 5.32 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in Thailand (>5% of population)

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway

Long-toed Stint 1 167 5 000 20


Broad-billed Sandpiper 915 2 000 10



Figure 5.10. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Thailand.


Table 5.34 Internationally important sites in Thailand – number of shorebird species by period


SpeciesSM NB NM B

381 Inner Gulf of Thailand 13.51 100.53 15 13 6

387 Pattani Bay 6.92 101.30 6 4 4 1

382 Kato Sam Roi Yot NP 12.33 99.98 3 3

385 Nong Han Kumphawapi 17.17 103.03 3 3

380 Nong Lahan 15.62 101.88 2 2

383 Huai Chorakhe Mak Non-Hunting Area 14.90 103.03 1 1

384 Ko Libong 7.27 99.40 1 1

386 Krabi Bay 8.03 98.92 1 1

388 Thale Noi Non-Hunting Area 7.88 100.17 1 1

Table 5.35 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Thailand

Site Name Species and DetailsHuai Chorakhe Mak Non-Hunting Area

Black-winged Stilt 450 (NB,169)

Inner Gulf of Thailand Lesser Sand Plover 4,111 (NB, NM,57); Black-winged Stilt 1,884 (NB, NM,133); Black-tailed Godwit 1,825 (NB, NM,133); Little Ringed Plover 440 (NB,133); Marsh Sandpiper 1,383 (NB,133); Broad-billed Sandpiper 790 (NB,169); Asian Dowitcher 600 (NB,133); Long-toed Stint 777 (NB,31); Pacific Golden Plover 2,000 (NB,133); Common Redshank 1,523 (NB, NM,57); Spotted Redshank 870 (NB,133); Curlew Sandpiper 2,524 (NB,133); Spotted Greenshank 3 (NM,57)

Kato Sam Roi Yot NP Little Ringed Plover 1,028 (NB,31); Temminck’s Stint 281 (NB,31); Long-toed Stint 535 (NB,31)

Ko Libong Spotted Greenshank 11 (NB,120)

Krabi Bay Spotted Greenshank 20 (NM,169)

Nong Han Kumphawapi Wood Sandpiper 1,000 (NB,169); Pintail Snipe 250 (NB,169); Little Ringed Plover 300 (NB,169)

Nong Lahan Little Ringed Plover 370 (NB,160); Temminck’s Stint 150 (NB,160)

Pattani Bay Red-necked Stint 1,348 (SM,135); Black-winged Stilt 300 (NB,169); Long-toed Stint 681 (SM, NB, NM,135); Common Greenshank 785 (NB,169); Marsh Sandpiper 803 (SM,135); Little Ringed Plover 768 (SM, NB,135)

Thale Noi Non-Hunting Area Black-winged Stilt 378 (NB,169)

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Pintail Snipe 1 1




Marsh Sandpiper 2 1 1



Wood Sandpiper 1 1

Asian Dowitcher 1 1

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Red-necked Stint 1 1

Long-toed Stint 3 1 3 1

Temminck’s Stint 1 1




Little Ringed Plover 5 1 5


Black-winged Stilt 4 4 1

Table 5.33 Shorebirds in Thailand – number of internationally important sites by period for species


Myanmar

General description

Myanmar is a large country that lies between Thailand and Bangladesh. It includes most of the eastern shoreline of the Bay of Bengal within its territory and also has extensive inland wet-lands. It is in a region of overlap between the EAA Flyway and the Central Asian Flyway, and records have been limited to species and races believed to migrate via eastern Asia.

Data

During the non-breeding period, count data were available for 30 species and three species are believed to exceed 5% of their Flyway estimate during the non-breeding period. Myanmar has one of the highest counts of the under-sampled Pheasant-tailed Jacana.

Seven important sites were identified for 13 spe-cies and all were from the non-breeding period. There is a cluster of three inland sites (Inle Lake, Kyetmauktaung Dam and Minhla-Nyaung Lake) important for freshwater species, such as the Black-winged Stilt and Pheasant-tailed Jacana, with the remaining sites being coastal or near coastal and located around the Irrawaddy River delta.

Inland wetlands are under-sampled. The threat-ened Spotted Greenshank and Spoon-billed Sandpiper have been recorded in important numbers to the west, in Bangladesh and India, so may also utilise sites within Myanmar espe-cially during migration.

Number of species for which Myanmar contains internationally important sites: 12Number of internationally important sites in Myanmar: 6

Figure 5.11 Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Myanmar


Table 5.39 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Myanmar

Site Name Species and DetailsInle Lake Black-winged Stilt 611 (NB,169)

Irrawaddy Delta Common Greenshank 637 (NB,122); Long-toed Stint 394 (NB,122); Lesser Sand Plover 6,162 (NB,122); Common Redshank 2,872 (NB,122); Whimbrel 1,025 (NB,122); Common Sandpiper 302 (NB,122); Spotted Greenshank 23 (NB,122); Kentish Plover 3,879 (NB,122)

Kyetmauktaung Dam Black-winged Stilt 265 (NB,169)

Letkok Kon Little Ringed Plover 781 (NB,169)

Minhla-Nyaung Lake Pheasant-tailed Jacana 328 (NB,169)

Moyingyi Greater Sand Plover 1,500 (NB,169); Pheasant-tailed Jacana 340 (NB,169)

Table 5.36 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in Myanmar (>5% of population)

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway





Table 5.37 Shorebirds in Myanmar – number of internationally important sites by period for species

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Whimbrel 1 1

Common Redshank 1 1




Long-toed Stint 1 1


Kentish Plover 1 1



Pheasant-tailed Jacana 2 2


Table 5.38 Internationally important sites in Myanmar – number of shorebird species by period


SpeciesSM NB NM B

307 Irrawaddy Delta 16.12 94.74 8 8

312 Moyingyi 17.50 96.58 2 2

308 Kyetmauktaung Dam 20.80 95.25 1 1

310 Letkok Kon 16.33 96.17 1 1

311 Minhla-Nyaung Lake 20.83 96.03 1 1

306 Inle Lake 20.17 97.03 1 1


Bangladesh

General description

Bangladesh is located on the northern shoreline of the Bay of Bengal. The Ganges River Delta forms much of its coast and extensive lowlands. Like Myanmar, Bangladesh is in a region of overlap between the EAA Flyway and the Cen-tral Asian Flyway, and records have been limited to species and races believed to migrate via eastern Asia.

Data

During the non-breeding period, count data from Bangladesh were available for 11 migratory shorebird species of the EAA Flyway. Greater than 5% of the Flyway estimate of at least 2 of these species are present. In addition, there are species present for which country estimates could not be calculated, including the Endan-gered Spotted Greenshank and the Vulnerable Spoon-billed Sandpiper. Count data (200 and 202 respectively) suggest that over a quarter of the world populations of these two species may be present in Bangladesh during the non-breeding period (Table 5.40). The Grey-headed

Lapwing, with a world population <10 000, may also be well-represented in Bangladesh (non-breeding period count of 1 084 (Table 3.2c)).

All of the important sites, except one, were identified on the basis of non-breeding period counts. The one exception, related to a north-ward migration count of the Pheasant-tailed Jacana. These figures suggest that Bangladesh is a non-breeding destination, but that aggrega-tions of some species occur during northward migration. Both the Pheasant-tailed Jacana and Grey-headed Lapwing also occur in India during the non-breeding period, so Bangladesh may be a staging area for birds that spend the non-breeding period in India.

Of the 12 important sites, only Maulavir Char was important for more than two species. Most sites were clustered along the coastline of the Ganges River delta, with a smaller number of sites, important for the Pheasant-tailed Jacana and Grey-headed Lapwing, located inland but still within the delta region.

Inland wetlands are undoubtedly under-sampled in Bangladesh. The presence of a large pro-portion of the world populations of Spotted Greenshank and Spoon-billed Sandpiper during the non-breeding period is highly significant.

Number of species for which Bangladesh contains internationally important sites: 7Number of internationally important sites in Bangladesh: 12

Figure 5.12 Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Bangladesh


Table 5.40 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in Bangladesh (>5% of population)

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway



Table 5.41 Shorebirds in Bangladesh – number of internationally important sites by period for species

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Solitary Snipe 1 1





Grey-headed Lapwing 1 1

Pheasant-tailed Jacana 2 1 1

Table 5.42 Internationally important sites in Bangladesh – number of shorebird species by period

Site Code Site Name Lat. Long. Total Species SM NB NM B

133 Maulavir Char 22.38 91.02 4 4

127 Char Piya 22.67 91.00 2 2

130 Hakaluki Haor 24.67 92.08 2 2

134 Nijum Dweep, Char Osman 22.12 91.05 2 2

135 Noakhali 22.33 91.17 2 2

125 Banuar Haor 25.13 91.12 1 1

126 Char Bhata 22.83 91.25 1 1

128 Charan Dweep 24.35 90.02 1 1

129 Ghatibhanga 21.52 91.90 1 1

131 Hatiya Island 22.58 91.17 1 1

132 Kawadighi Haor 24.58 91.78 1 1

136 Shonar Char 22.30 90.92 1 1

Table 5.43 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Bangladesh


Banuar Haor Pheasant-tailed Jacana 630 (NB,169)

Char Bhata Lesser Sand Plover 3,620 (NB,169)

Char Piya Spoon-billed Sandpiper 55 (NB,169); Broad-billed Sandpiper 1,015 (NB,169)

Charan Dweep Lesser Sand Plover 4,640 (NB,169)

Ghatibhanga Lesser Sand Plover 1,986 (NB,169)

Hakaluki Haor Grey-headed Lapwing 1,084 (NB,169); Solitary Snipe 175 (NB,169)

Hatiya Island Lesser Sand Plover 14,000 (NB,169)

Kawadighi Haor Pheasant-tailed Jacana 300 (NM,169)

Maulavir Char Lesser Sand Plover 8,000 (NB,169); Spotted Greenshank 100 (NB,169); Spoon-billed Sandpiper 202 (NB,169); Broad-billed Sandpiper 1,200 (NB,169)

Nijum Dweep, Char Osman Spotted Greenshank 200 (NB,169); Lesser Sand Plover 10,201 (NB,169)

Noakhali Spoon-billed Sandpiper 45 (NB,96); Lesser Sand Plover 19,400 (NB,141)

Shonar Char Lesser Sand Plover 2,305 (NB,169)


India

General description

The Indian sub-continent is generally consid-ered to be part of the Central Asian Flyway but some species migrate to eastern India via the EAA Flyway. For some species with populations in both flyways, such as Lesser Sand Plover, overlap will occur in India. In such situations it has not been possible to provide country es-timates for the Indian component of the EAA Flyway population. Several species, however, migrate only via the EAA Flyway but occur in India during the non-breeding period, so records of these species in India have been included in this review.

Data

During the non-breeding period, India supports populations of five migratory shorebird species that are restricted or largely restricted to the EAA Flyway; most of these were data deficient species for which no country estimate could be calculated. India regularly supports Spoon-billed Sandpipers, with the highest single count representing 5% of the global population. The Grey-headed Lapwing and Endangered Spotted Greenshank may also be present in significant numbers. One important site was identified in the non-breeding period. This was for the Spoon-billed Sandpiper.

India could well be important for more shorebirds of the EAA Flyway, but this cannot be deter-mined at this stage because of overlap with the Central Asian Flyway. Further information is needed on the distribution and abundance of threatened species such as the Spoon-billed Sandpiper and Spotted Greenshank.

Number of species for which India contains internationally important sites (EAA Flyway): 0Number of internationally important sites in India (EAA Flyway): 0


Malaysia

General description

Malaysia occupies the Malay Peninsula and parts of northern Borneo. It therefore has an extensive, near-equatorial coastline that lies just within the northern hemisphere, but it lacks the large deltas and areas of inland wetlands seen in some neighbouring countries.

Data

Data are available from the non-breeding period on 41 species of shorebirds and populations of at least 9 species exceeded 5% of their EAA Flyway estimate. Species present in Malaysia during the non-breeding period but for which no country estimate could be calculated include the Endangered Spotted Greenshank.

Important sites are well-represented during southward migration, the non-breeding period and northward migration. Species with the greatest number of important sites are the Terek Sandpiper (5 sites) and the Common Redshank (5 sites). One site on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula meets the 1% criterion for the Endangered Spotted Greenshank.

Important sites are found from the west coast of the Malay Peninsula to the eastern state of Sabah on Borneo. Pulau Bruit on Sarawak is important for the greatest number of species (8), with the next most important sites being Kapar

Number of species for which Malaysia contains internationally important sites: 18Number of internationally important sites in Malaysia: 12

Power Station and Pulau Tengah on the west coast of the Malay Peninsula. Pulau Bruit is important mainly during migration periods, with only three of the species represented on the basis of non-breeding period counts. Papar, the only other site on Malaysian Borneo, is included only on the basis of migration period counts. In contrast, most sites on the Malay Peninsula are included on the basis of non-breeding period records.

Malaysia appears to have been well-surveyed compared with some other countries in the re-gion. Changes in agricultural practices are lead-ing to a reduction in paddy fields, which may be important freshwater wetlands for some species, and an expansion of oil palm plantations.

Table 5.47 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in Malaysia (>5% of population)

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway

Terek Sandpiper 4 789 10 000 15









Table 5.48 Shorebirds in Malaysia – number of inter-nationally important sites by period for species

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Black-tailed Godwit 1 1

Whimbrel 1 1 1



Common Redshank 5 2 5 1

Marsh Sandpiper 3 3



Wood Sandpiper 1 1

Terek Sandpiper 5 1 5 2


Asian Dowitcher 1 1

Long-toed Stint 1 1

Curlew Sandpiper 2 2 1 1




Greater Sand Plover 2 1 2 1


Table 5.49 Internationally important sites in Malaysia – number of shorebird species by period

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Black-tailed Godwit 1 1

Whimbrel 1 1 1



Common Redshank 5 2 5 1

Marsh Sandpiper 3 3



Wood Sandpiper 1 1

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Terek Sandpiper 5 1 5 2


Asian Dowitcher 1 1

Long-toed Stint 1 1






Figure 5.14. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Malaysia.


Table 5.49 Internationally important sites in Malaysia – number of shorebird species by period

Site Code Site Name Lat. Long. Total Species SM NB NM B302 Pulau Bruit 2.57 111.35 8 4 3 6

294 Kapar Power Station 3.13 101.33 6 4 5

303 Pulau Tengah (Klang Islands) 2.97 101.31 5 2 5 2

294 Kuala Kedah to Kuala Sungai 6.25 100.22 4 4

292 Batu Maung 5.37 100.30 2 2

295 Kuala Gula 4.93 100.47 2 2

298 Kuala Samarahan to Kuala Sadong 1.60 110.62 2 2

301 Papar, Sabah 5.70 115.93 2 2

297 Kuala Kelumpang 4.87 100.50 1 1

299 Pantai Rasa Sayang 3.47 101.13 1 1

300 Pantai Tanjong Karang 3.42 101.18 1 1

305 Tanjong Bidadari 5.92 118.08 1 1

Table 5.50 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Malaysia

Site Name Species and DetailsBatu Maung Lesser Sand Plover 3,500 (NB,169); Pacific Golden Plover 1,114 (NB,169)

Kapar Power Station Whimbrel 1,500 (SM, NB,169); Common Greenshank 610 (NB,169); Eurasian Curlew 1,000 (SM, NB,169); Terek Sandpiper 2,100 (NB,169); Curlew Sandpiper 2,290 (SM,101); Common Redshank 1,420 (SM, NB,101)

Kuala Gula Marsh Sandpiper 3,490 (NB,169); Common Redshank 1,005 (NB,169)

Kuala Kedah to Kuala Sungai Lesser Sand Plover 1,605 (NB,169); Terek Sandpiper 558 (NB,169); Broad-billed Sandpiper 360 (NB,169); Marsh Sandpiper 1,286 (NB,169)

Kuala Kelumpang Marsh Sandpiper 2,000 (NB,169)

Kuala Samarahan to Kuala Sadong Terek Sandpiper 1,445 (NB,105); Common Redshank 835 (NB,105)

Pantai Rasa Sayang Black-tailed Godwit 2,356 (NB,120)

Pantai Tanjong Karang Spotted Greenshank 19 (NB,169)

Papar, Sabah Long-toed Stint 2,230 (SM,120); Wood Sandpiper 2,551 (SM,120)

Pulau Bruit Common Redshank 3,789 (SM, NB, NM,120); Common Greenshank 862 (NM,82); Terek Sandpiper 1,772 (NB, NM,82); Far Eastern Curlew 411 (NM,82); Broad-billed Sandpiper 1,206 (NM,82); Asian Dowitcher 470 (SM,56); Greater Sand Plover 3,137 (SM, NB, NM,120); Eurasian Curlew 111 (SM,120)

Pulau Tengah (Klang Islands) Eurasian Curlew 450 (NB,169); Curlew Sandpiper 4,000 (SM, NB, NM,169); Common Redshank 1,500 (NB,169); Greater Sand Plover 4,000 (NB,169); Terek Sandpiper 2,303 (SM, NB, NM,120)

Tanjong Bidadari Common Sandpiper 2,030 (SM,120)


Singapore

General description

Singapore is a small, tropical island at the south-ern end of the Malay Peninsula. Much of its coastline is developed and there is little suitable habitat for shorebirds.

Data

During the non-breeding period, 28 species of shorebirds of the Flyway are present, with no species in numbers in excess of 5% of its Flyway estimate (Table 3.2d).

A single site in Singapore, the Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, is important for the Pacific Golden Plover during northward migration.

Count data from the early to mid 1980s identified a second important site for 6 species: Seran-goon ponds in the north-east of the country. During southward migration in particular, this site was important for the Common Redshank, Com-mon Sandpiper, Curlew Sandpiper, Pacific Gold-en Plover, Little Ringed Plover and Lesser Sand Plover, but the site is now degraded and may not still be important (Parish and Wells 1983). How-ever, it is important to record such changes, as the records from Serangoon indicate that nearby areas may be worthy of investigation.

Number of species for which Singapore contains internationally important sites: 1Number of internationally important sites in Singapore: 1

Table 5.53 Internationally important sites in Singapore – number of shorebird species by period

Site Code Site Name Lat. Long. Total Species SM NB NM B355 Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve 1.45 103.72 1 1

Table 5.51 Shorebirds in Singapore – number of internationally important sites by period for species

Species Total Sites SM NB NM BPacific Golden Plover 1 1

Table 5.52 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Singapore

Site Name Species and DetailsSungei Buloh Pacific Golden Plover 1,081 (NM,151)

Figure 15. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Singapore.


Brunei

General description

Brunei is a small country located on the north coast of Borneo, between the Malaysian states of Sarawak and Sabah. It has some coastal and limited inland habitat for shorebirds. Data from the nearby Malaysian states of Sarawak and Sabah suggest that the northern coast of Borneo is of importance mainly during migration periods.

Data

Count data from Brunei are limited, and there-fore some population estimates during the non-breeding period have been estimated on the basis of numbers seen in neighbouring coun-tries. Using this approach, 29 species of migra-tory shorebirds are expected in Brunei during the non-breeding period. No species is present in excess of 5% of its flyway estimate during the non-breeding period.

Important sites were identified in the southward migration period only. The two records from Brunei came from 1986 and the current status of the sites is not known.

Number of species for which Brunei contains internationally important sites: 2Number of internationally important sites in Brunei: 2

Table 5.55 Internationally important sites in Brunei – number of shorebird species by period

Site Code Site Name Lat. Long. Total Species SM NB NM B137 Brunei Bay 4.50 114.50 1 1

138 Wasan Rice Scheme 4.75 114.83 1 1

Table 5.54 Shorebirds in Brunei – number of inter-nationally important sites by period for species

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Wood Sandpiper 1 1

Long-toed Stint 1 1

Table 5.56 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Brunei

Site Name Species and DetailsBrunei Bay Long-toed Stint 501 (SM,120)

Wasan Rice Scheme Wood Sandpiper 3,114 (SM,120)

Figure 16. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Brunei.


Indonesia

General description

Indonesia is a massive archipelago that strad-dles the equator. In addition to the extensive coastline, the larger islands support inland wetlands and large rivers with associated deltas. Indonesia can be expected to be important for shorebirds during the non-breeding and migra-tion periods, with birds on passage to Australia likely to pass through it on both northward and southward migration.

Data

During the non-breeding period, 42 species of shorebirds of the EAA Flyway are present, with populations of at least 14 species exceeding 5% of their Flyway estimate. In the non-breeding period, Indonesia supports >5% of the popula-tion of more shorebird species in the Flyway than any country other than Australia. Over three quarters of the global population of the Asian Dowitcher is present in Indonesia dur-ing the non-breeding period, and one important site was identified for the Endangered Spotted Greenshank.

Although many species are present and abun-dant in the non-breeding period, important

sites are better represented during southward migration than in other periods, suggesting that Indonesia is particularly important for migratory shorebirds during southward migration. One site on the east coast of Sumatra meets the 1% cri-terion for the Endangered Spotted Greenshank.

Most internationally important sites are in Su-matra, including the three important for the greatest number of species: Banyuasin Delta (12 species), Bagan Percut (5 species) and the coast from Kualatungul to Tanjung Jabung (4 species). Banyuasin Delta and the Kualatungul to Tanjung Jabung coast in the south-east of Su-matra are used mainly during southward migra-tion, whereas records from Bagan Percut on the west coast of Sumatra are from the non-breed-ing and northward migration periods. Other sites are used mainly during the non-breeding period. The single record from the small island Bali was for the Long-toed Stint, a species usually asso-ciated with freshwater wetlands, so it probably refers to rice fields.

Given the size of Indonesia and the estimated populations of shorebirds present in the non-breeding period, the small number of sites identi-fied suggests that count coverage has been poor. For example, there are no sites from Indo-nesian Borneo (Kalimantan), whereas there are several sites from the northern coast of Borneo that lies within Malaysia and Brunei.

Number of species for which Indonesia contains internationally important sites: 16Number of internationally important sites in Indonesia: 8

Figure 17. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Indonesia.


Table 5.57 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in Indonesia (>5% of population)

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway

Asian Dowitcher 7 579 20 000 85






Sanderling 266 5 000 25

Long-toed Stint 0 5 000 20





Bar-tailed Godwit 9 342 22 000 5


Table 5.59 Internationally important sites in Indonesia – number of shorebird species by period


SpeciesSM NB NM B

197 Banyuasin Delta -3.00 105.00 12 10 8 3

188 Bagan Percut - Sungai Ular 3.72 98.78 5 2 3

199 Kuala Tungal to Tanjung Djabung coast -1.00 103.75 4 4

202 Wasur National Park -8.75 140.58 3 1 2

198 Benoa Bay -8.75 115.20 2 2

196 Bali -8.25 115.00 1 1

200 Kupang Bay -10.06 123.75 1 1

210 Ujung Pangkah -6.88 112.60 1 1

Table 5.60 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Indonesia

Site Name Species and DetailsBagan Percut - Sungai Ular Eurasian Curlew 1,000 (NB,43); Bar-tailed Godwit 2,000 (NM,43); Common Redshank 1,000

(NB,43); Terek Sandpiper 2,000 (NM,43); Asian Dowitcher 2,002 (NM,43)

Bali Long-toed Stint 500 (NB,6)

Banyuasin Delta Terek Sandpiper 5,680 (SM,158); Far Eastern Curlew 2,620 (SM,158); Asian Dowitcher 13,000 (SM, NB, NM,158); Lesser Sand Plover 9,460 (SM, NB,141); Spotted Greenshank 21 (NB,158); Greater Sand Plover 2,000 (SM,158); Common Redshank 6,000 (SM, NB,141); Bar-tailed Godwit 7,000 (SM, NB,141); Eurasian Curlew 7,061 (SM, NB, NM,158); Ruddy Turnstone 560 (SM,158); Black-tailed Godwit 30,000 (SM, NB, NM,44); Whimbrel 1,000 (NB,169)

Benoa Bay Curlew Sandpiper 2,500 (NB,169); Lesser Sand Plover 4,000 (NB,169)

K. Tungal to T. Djabung coast Eurasian Curlew 2,253 (SM,44); Terek Sandpiper 783 (SM,44); Common Redshank 1,024 (SM,44); Black-tailed Godwit 12,800 (SM,44)

Kupang Bay Australian Pratincole 5,000 (NB,157)

Ujung Pangkah Asian Dowitcher 930 (NB,169)

Wasur National Park Little Curlew 4,000 (NB,141); Whimbrel 1,400 (SM,144); Lesser Sand Plover 3,130 (NB,141)

Table 5.58 Shorebirds in Indonesia – number of internationally important sites by period for species

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Black-tailed Godwit 2 2 1 1

Bar-tailed Godwit 2 1 1 1

Little Curlew 1 1

Whimbrel 2 1 1







Ruddy Turnstone 1 1

Asian Dowitcher 3 1 2 2

Long-toed Stint 1 1




Australian Pratincole 1 1


Timor Leste

General description

Timor Leste is a small nation that occupies part of the island of Timor. It was included in Indonesia during the collation of data for this review. In general, important sites in Indonesia were on the large islands with major rivers and estuarine systems, but there were some counts of shorebirds using inland wetlands such as rice paddy fields. Timor may provide such inland wetlands as habitat for shorebirds.

Data

There is little information on shorebirds in Timor, but Trainor (2005) provides notes on 26 species. During the non-breeding period, no species are present in numbers that exceed 5% of their Flyway estimate.

Number of species for which Timor Leste contains internationally important sites: 1Number of internationally important sites in Indonesia: 1

Table 5.62 Internationally important sites in Timor Leste – number of shorebird species by period

Site Code

Site Name Lat. Long.Total

SpeciesSM NB NM B

397 “Timor Leste” -10.00 120.50 1 1

One species, the Australian Pratincole, has been reported in large numbers from Timor Leste (Lane 1987). This species breeds in Australia and a considerable proportion of the population migrates to Papua New Guinea, Timor Leste and Indonesia during the months of May to November.

Table 5.61 Shorebirds in Timor Leste – number of internationally important sites by period for species


Australian Pratincole 1 1 1

Table 5.63 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Timor Leste.

Site Name Species and Details“Timor Leste” Australian Pratincole 50,000 (SM,B,99)

Figure 18. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Timor Leste.


Papua New Guinea

General description

Papua New Guinea lies immediately to the north of Australia and east of Indonesia. Its extensive, tropical coastline is poorly investigated and, compared with most Asian countries, is little developed. There are also inland wetlands and major river and estuary systems, particularly in the south of the country.

Data

During the non-breeding period, 31 species of shorebirds of the EAA Flyway are present or expected to be present on the basis of the location of Papua New Guinea and the move-ments of these species from nearby countries. Populations of at least 3 species may exceed 5% of their Flyway estimate during the non-breeding period.

The two important sites were recognised dur-ing migration periods only. The Tonda wetlands site is close to Indonesia’s Wasur Rawa Biru Reserve. Both the important sites in Papua New Guinea are on the south coast and few data are available for other coastal or inland areas. It is therefore likely that other important sites will be identified. Because of its location, sites in Papua New Guinea can be expected to be important during the non-breeding period as well as during migration.

Table 5.64 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in Papua New Guinea (>5% of population)

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway


Far Eastern Curlew 344 2 000 5


Number of species for which Papua New Guinea contains internationally important sites: 6Number of internationally important sites in Papua New Guinea: 3

Figure 19. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Papua New Guinea.


Table 5.65 Shorebirds in Papua New Guinea – number of internationally important sites by period for species

Species Total Sites SM NB NM BLittle Curlew 1 1


Terek Sandpiper 1 1

Red-necked Phalarope 1 1


Australian Pratincole 1 1 1

Table 5.66 Internationally important sites in Papua New Guinea – number of shorebird species by period


SpeciesSM NB NM B

328 Kikori Delta -7.65 144.50 3 3

329 Tonda Wildlife Management Area -9.00 141.33 2 2 1

410 Lake Dakataua -5.03 150.08 1 1

Table 5.67 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Papua New Guinea Site Name Species and Details

Kikori Delta Greater Sand Plover 1,700 (NM,168); Terek Sandpiper 1,015 (NM,168); Far Eastern Curlew 343 (NM,168)

Tonda Wildlife Management Area Australian Pratincole 20,000 (SM, NB,34); Little Curlew 10,000 (SM,38)

Lake Dakataua Red-necked Phalarope 4,500 (NB, 141)


Australia

General description

Australia is a large land mass that extends from the tropics to temperate regions of the south-ern hemisphere. It has an extensive coastline, large tidal flats, particularly in the north and east, estuaries, inlets, and major seasonal and ephemeral inland wetlands. Inland wetlands can provide massive areas of habitat for shorebirds, but are not predictable in the way of coastal en-vironments. Australia is a non-breeding period destination for many shorebird species.

Data

Data from much of coastal Australia and some inland sites are comprehensive compared with many other parts of the Flyway, but large and remote areas of the northern coast and inland regions remain under-surveyed. During the non-breeding period, 33 species of shorebirds of the Flyway are regularly present, and populations of 28 species exceed 5% of their Flyway es-timate. Compared with other countries in the Flyway, this is a very high proportion of species with large populations during the non-breeding period. Over 75% of the populations of the Bar-tailed Godwit (L. lapponica menzbieri), Little Curlew, Grey-tailed Tattler, Great Knot, Red-necked Stint, Sharp-tailed Sandpiper, Eastern Sand Plover and Australian Pratincole occur in Australia during the non-breeding period. In ad-dition, taxa for which New Zealand is important, including the Bar-tailed Godwit (L. lapponica bauri), Red Knot and Ruddy Turnstone, depend upon Australia during migration.

The majority of species that are regularly present in Australia have important sites, with more represented during the non-breeding period (27 species with important sites) than during southward and northward migration (21 and 20 species respectively). Although similar numbers of species had important sites during the two migration periods, for most species there were more sites recognised as important on southward (92 sites recognised for 21 species) than northward (52 sites recognised for 20 spe-cies) migration. This pattern suggests that birds tend to aggregate more on southward migration, when they arrive in Australia, then during their

departure on northward migration. For 12 spe-cies, there were important sites identified during the breeding period. These were presumably immature and other non-breeding birds.

Australia has the largest number of important sites identified of any country in the Flyway (118 sites). The majority of these (93) were recog-nised in the non-breeding period, with more recognised during southward (37) than north-ward (25) migration. Twenty of the sites were recognised during the breeding period, indicating that large numbers of non-breeding birds remain within Australia at this time. Although peaks in abundance of some species have been recorded in northern Australia during the breeding period (Chatto 2003), some of these breeding period sites were located in southern Australia. This shows a strong level of usage of sites in Aus-tralia, probably by juvenile and immature birds, during the breeding period.

Sites important for the greatest number of spe-cies were in northern and north-eastern Australia and these were important for at least some species in most periods. The lack of northward migration records from the Eighty Mile Beach is probably an artefact of available data, although shorebird numbers are generally considered higher during southward than northward migra-tion across northern Australia. Over half the sites were important for a single species.

Despite a population monitoring programme that has spanned over 2 decades and provided detailed information on a small number of sites, including declines in population sizes of some species (Wilson 2001, Minton et al. 2005a), there is a lack of data from the vast and remote inland and north of Australia. This problem was highlighted by the December 2003 count of nearly 3 million Oriental Pratincoles in northern Australia; a species previously thought to have a non-breeding period population in Australia and Flyway population of less than 100 000 (Sitters et al. 2004).

Number of species for which Australia contains internationally important sites: 28Number of internationally important sites in Australia: 118


Figure 20. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in Australia.


Figure 20a. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in northern Australia.

Figure 20b. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in south-

west Australia.

Figure 20c. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in south-east Australia.


Table 5.68 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in Australia (>5% of population)

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway

Oriental Plover 31 666 70 000 100

Oriental Pratincole 63 831 2 880 000 100

Australian Pratincole 31 737 60 000 100

Little Curlew 236 461 175 000 95

Great Knot 303 909 360 000 95

Grey-tailed Tattler 20 008 45 000 90

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 117 361 140 000 90

Red-necked Stint 220 068 270 000 85




Red Knot 181 803 135 000 60

Double-banded Plover 5 627 30 000 60



Sanderling 4 903 10 000 45






Table 5.69 Shorebirds in Australia – number of internationally important sites by period for species

SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B

Japanese Snipe 1 1


Bar-tailed Godwit 9 3 8 2

Little Curlew 8 3 6

Whimbrel 7 1 6


Marsh Sandpiper 4 1 1 1




Grey-tailed Tattler 16 8 10 3 2

Ruddy Turnstone 16 7 12 3

Asian Dowitcher 1 1

Great Knot 10 4 5 3 1

Red Knot 8 2 6 1


Red-necked Stint 32 9 25 3

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 39 4 30 5 3




Grey Plover 6 2 3

Double-banded Plover 9 9



Oriental Plover 6 1 5

Oriental Pratincole 2 2

Australian Pratincole 9 2 3 1 3


Site Code


SpeciesSM NB NM B

102 Roebuck Bay -18.07 122.33 18 8 12 5 2

32 Eighty Mile Beach -19.23 121.42 16 14 10

107 SE Gulf of Carpentaria -17.47 140.76 16 2 16 2

28 Chambers Bay -12.26 131.63 8 4 1

84 Moreton Bay -27.25 153.33 8 3 8 4 1

46 Great Sandy Strait -25.67 152.93 7 1 7

30 Corner Inlet -38.73 146.22 6 2 6

36 Eastern Port Phillip Bay -38.00 144.60 6 2 5 1 2

49 Hunter Estuary -32.84 151.78 6 1 6 1

83 Milingimbi coast -12.00 135.00 6 1 1 1

96 Port McArthur -15.78 136.67 6 3

110 Shoalwater Bay and Broad Sound -22.12 150.04 6 6

6 Ashmore Reef -12.23 123.08 5 2 5

27 Ceduna Bays -32.28 133.68 5 5

42 Fog Bay -12.87 130.32 5 2 1

52 Kakadu National Park -12.28 132.46 5 1 2 2 1

94 Port Hedland Saltworks -20.24 118.94 5 2 4 1

108 Shallow Inlet/Sandy Point -38.80 146.15 5 1 5

120 Western Port Bay -38.42 145.33 5 2 4

15 Boullanger Bay/Robbins Passage -40.75 144.87 4 4

112 The Coorong & Coorong National Park -35.74 139.22 4 3 2

3 Anderson Inlet -38.65 145.79 3 3

8 Barrow Island -20.75 115.39 3 3 3 1

53 Kangaroo Island -35.71 137.62 3 3

64 Lake George -37.40 140.00 3 2 1

70 Lake MacLeod -24.05 113.59 3 3

89 Ocean Grove to Barwon Heads -38.27 144.51 3 2 1

91 Peel-Harvey system -32.58 115.73 3 3

82 Pioneer River – McEwan’s Beach -21.20 149.20 3 3

104 Roper River area -14.72 135.42 3 3

2 Albany Harbours -35.05 117.88 2 2

14 Boucat Bay -12.02 134.50 2 2

17 Buckingham Bay -12.21 135.68 2 1 1

19 Bynoe Harbour -12.67 130.55 2 2

23 Cape Bowling Green -19.30 147.38 2 1 1

31 Dampier Saltworks -20.73 116.73 2 1 1

45 Gippsland Lakes -38.00 147.62 2 1 2

56 Lacepede Islands -16.85 122.10 2 2 1

60 Lake Cooloongup -32.29 115.79 2 2

66 Lake Gregory -20.22 127.47 2 2

69 Lake Machattie -24.80 139.88 2 2

72 Lake Murdeduke -38.18 143.90 2 2

75 Lake Sylvester -18.83 135.67 2 1 1

77 Lake Yamma Yamma -26.33 141.42 2 2

79 Logan Lagoon, Flinders Island -40.17 148.28 2 2

90 Parry floodplain, Wyndham -15.55 128.25 2 1 1

Table 5.70 Internationally important sites in Australia – number of shorebird species by period


Site Code

47

97

99

101

103

118

1

4

5

7

9

11

12

16

18

20

21

22

24

26

29

32

33

411

34

37

39

40

41

43

44

50

51

54

12

57

58

59

62

63

65

67

68

71

73

74


SpeciesSM NB NM B

Penrice Saltfields -34.70 138.50 2 3

Port Pirie coast -33.26 137.80 2 2

Port Wakefield - Webb Beach -34.33 138.21 2 2

Rivoli Bay -37.55 140.10 2 1 1 1

Roebuck Plains -18.00 122.50 2 2

Vasse Wonnerup Estuary -33.63 115.42 2 2

Adelaide River Floodplain -12.25 131.27 1 1

Anna Plains -19.21 121.50 1 1

Anson Bay, south -13.52 129.97 1

Astrelba Downs National Park -24.04 140.56 1 1

Beachport National Park -37.45 139.97 1 1

Blanche Point -41.28 148.33 1 1

Blue Mud Bay -13.31 136.16 1 1

Brown Bay (Green Point) -38.05 140.87 1 1 1

Burdekin River delta -19.67 147.55 1 1

Cairns Foreshore -16.92 145.77 1 1

Camballin -17.95 124.35 1 1

Canunda National Park -37.75 140.30 1 1 1

Carpenter Rocks, Pelican Point -37.93 140.42 1 1 1

Cedar Hill and Hexham Swamp -32.87 151.62 1 1

Coffin Bay National Park -34.52 135.30 1 1 1 1

Derby Sewage Ponds -17.33 123.65 1 1

Derwent Estuary - Pittwater -42.83 147.33 1 1

Diamantina floodplain, Birdsville-Betoota -25.70 140.27 1 1

Discovery Bay Conservation Park -38.19 141.27 1 1

Edithvale-Seaford -38.09 145.14 1 1

Elcho Island -11.84 135.88 1 1

Esperance Bay -33.87 121.90 1 1

Fivebough Swamp -34.53 146.43 1 1

Forrestdale Lake Nature Reserve -32.16 115.94 1 1

Garden Island -32.21 115.68 1 1

Islands off False Orford Ness -11.30 143.00 1 1

Joseph Bonaparte Bay (Turtle Pt) -14.85 129.25 1 1

King Island -39.87 143.92 1 1

Kununurra irrigation area -15.72 128.73 1 1

Lake Bathurst -35.05 149.69 1 1

Lake Buloke -36.27 142.97 1 1

Lake Cawndilla -32.48 142.23 1 1

Lake Eyre -28.50 137.25 1 1

Lake Finniss -12.36 131.48 1 1

Lake Gol Gol -34.13 142.23 1 1

Lake Hawdon south -37.22 139.94 1 1

Lake Hindmarsh -36.05 141.91 1 1

Lake Martin -38.07 143.57 1 1

Lake Numalla -28.73 144.32 1 1 1

Lake Preston -32.97 115.69 1 1

Table 5.70 (cont.) Internationally important sites in Australia – number of shorebird species by period


Site Code


SpeciesSM NB NM B

76 Lake Tutchewop, Kerang -35.51 143.75 1 1

78 Limmen River mouth -15.11 135.71 1 1

80 Lough Calvert -38.17 143.69 1 1

81 Low Island, Arnhem Bay -12.32 136.17 1 1

85 Nericon Swamp -34.22 146.04 1 1

86 Notch Point -21.73 149.47 1 1

87 Nungbalgarri Creek -11.93 134.07 1 1

88 Ocean Beach, Strahan -42.13 145.27 1 1 1

92 Pelican Island and nearby islands -13.92 143.83 1 1

93 Port Fairy to Warrnambool coast -38.38 142.25 1 1

95 Port MacDonnell coast -38.05 140.70 1 1

98 Port Stephens -32.70 152.10 1 1

13 Price Saltfields/Clinton Cons. Park -34.22 138.03 1 1

100 Ringarooma Bay/Cape Portland -40.86 147.88 1 1

106 Rottnest Island -32.00 115.52 1 1

109 Shoal Bay: Tree Pt to Lee Pt (Hope Inlet) -12.33 131.00 1 1

111 Swan River Estuary, Perth -32.02 115.81 1 1

113 Thomsons Lake Nature Reserve -32.15 115.83 1 1

114 Torry Plains Station -34.50 144.07 1 1

115 Tuckerbil Swamp -34.49 146.36 1 1

116 Tuggerah lakes -33.28 151.51 1 1

58 Tullakool Evaporation Ponds -35.37 144.18 1 1

59 Wilson Inlet -35.00 117.42 1 1

62 Yantabulla Swamp -29.20 144.85 1 1

63 Yantara Lake -29.92 142.28 1 1

65 Yokinup Bay, Cape Arid National Park -33.87 123.09 1 1

Table 5.70 (cont.) Internationally important sites in Australia – number of shorebird species by period



Adelaide River Floodplain Black-tailed Godwit 2,000 (B,40)

Albany Harbours Red-necked Stint 4,742 (NB,8); Curlew Sandpiper 2,054 (NB,8)

Anderson Inlet Red-necked Stint 5,000 (NB,8); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2,530 (NB,8); Double-banded Plover 550 (NB,8)

Anna Plains Little Curlew 12,000 (NB,89)

Anson Bay, south Black-tailed Godwit 1,600 (40)

Ashmore Reef Ruddy Turnstone 2,230 (SM, NB,152); Grey Plover 1,475 (NB,154); Greater Sand Plover 1,295 (NB,154); Sanderling 1,132 (NB,154); Grey-tailed Tattler 1,593 (SM, NB,154)

Astrelba Downs National Park

Australian Pratincole 1,000 (NB,11)

Barrow Island Red-necked Stint 7,611 (SM, NB,14); Ruddy Turnstone 1,733 (SM, NB,14); Grey-tailed Tattler 2,634 (SM, NB, NM,14)

Beachport NP Sanderling 293 (NB,8)

Blanche Point Sanderling 266 (NB,36)

Blue Mud Bay Black-tailed Godwit 4,000 (SM,40)

Boucat Bay Black-tailed Godwit 5,000 (NM,40); Great Knot 5,500 (NM,40)

Boullanger Bay/Robbins Passage

Ruddy Turnstone 2,800 (NB,8); Red-necked Stint 12,595 (NB,147); Curlew Sandpiper 3,400 (NB,8); Double-banded Plover 1,200 (NB,8)

Brown Bay (Green Point) Sanderling 1,106 (SM, NM,8)

Buckingham Bay Far Eastern Curlew 700 (B,40); Black-tailed Godwit 6,000 (NM,40)

Burdekin River delta Lesser Sand Plover 1,540 (NB,8)

Bynoe Harbour Ruddy Turnstone 350 (SM,40); Grey-tailed Tattler 400 (SM,40)

Cairns Foreshore Whimbrel 1,027 (NB,76)

Camballin Australian Pratincole 600 (B,90)

Canunda NP Sanderling 360 (SM, NB,8)

Cape Bowling Green Black-tailed Godwit 2,058 (NB,77); Red-necked Stint 4,598 (SM,11)

Carpenter Rocks, Pelican Point

Ruddy Turnstone 438 (NB, NM,8)

Cedar Hill and Hexham Swamp

Japanese Snipe 500 (NB,156)

Ceduna Bays Grey Plover 1,440 (NB,173); Ruddy Turnstone 385 (NB,173); Red-necked Stint 6,157 (NB,173); Red Knot 2,788 (NB,173); Common Greenshank 720 (NB,173)

Chambers Bay Black-tailed Godwit 1,960 (130); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2,500 (NM,40); Grey Plover 1,650 (SM,40); Far Eastern Curlew 1,050 (130); Whimbrel 1,500 (SM,40); Terek Sandpiper 1,525 (SM,40); Common Greenshank 875 (SM,40); Marsh Sandpiper 1,200 (130)

Coffin Bay NP Sanderling 570 (SM, NB, NM,173)

Corner Inlet Far Eastern Curlew 2,281 (NB,8); Bar-tailed Godwit 13,139 (SM, NB,8); Red-necked Stint 22,720 (SM, NB,148); Red Knot 7,110 (NB,8); Curlew Sandpiper 3,500 (NB,8); Double-banded Plover 800 (NB,131)

Dampier Saltworks Curlew Sandpiper 3,000 (SM,13); Oriental Plover 1,833 (NB,9)

Derby Sewage Ponds Little Curlew 5,000 (SM,11)

Derwent Estuary - Pittwater Red-necked Stint 3,925 (NB,8)

Diamantina floodplain, Birdsville-Betoota

Australian Pratincole 1,200 (NB,183)

Discovery Bay Conservation Park

Sanderling 560 (NB,8)

Edithvale-Seaford Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 3,000 (NB,11)

Table 5.71 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Australia



Eighty Mile Beach Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 25,000 (NB,99); Terek Sandpiper 7,989 (SM,10); Sanderling 2,230 (SM,10); Oriental Pratincole 2,880,000 (NB,146); Bar-tailed Godwit 110,290 (SM, NB,10); Greater Sand Plover 63,482 (SM, NB,10); Ruddy Turnstone 3,480 (SM,10); Great Knot 158,082 (SM,10); Curlew Sandpiper 60,000 (SM, NB,99) Common Greenshank 2,440 (SM, NB,99); Grey-tailed Tattler 12,420 (SM,147); Red-necked Stint 60,000 (SM,99); Oriental Plover 57,619 (SM,115); Grey Plover 1,416 (SM,49); Red Knot 80,700 (SM,99); Far Eastern Curlew 709 (SM, NB,10)

Elcho Island Bar-tailed Godwit 5,000 (NM,40)

Esperance Bay Sanderling 368 (NB,11)

Fivebough Swamp Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,844 (NB,33)

Fog Bay Greater Sand Plover 1,800 (B,40); Grey-tailed Tattler 560 (40); Great Knot 10,000 (NB,40); Terek Sandpiper 800 (NB,40); Black-tailed Godwit 1,700 (40)

Forrestdale Lake Nature Curlew Sandpiper 2,000 (NB,8)Reserve

Garden Island Sanderling 485 (NB,8)

Gippsland Lakes Red-necked Stint 8,000 (SM, NB,17); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 3,187 (NB,8)

Great Sandy Strait Terek Sandpiper 2,494 (NB,50); Grey-tailed Tattler 7,680 (NB,50); Common Greenshank 1,069 (NB,50); Bar-tailed Godwit 12,986 (NB,50); Lesser Sand Plover 1,430 (NB,99); Whimbrel 3,128 (NB,50); Far Eastern Curlew 6,018 (SM, NB,50)

Hunter Estuary Bar-tailed Godwit 4,000 (NB,149); Black-tailed Godwit 4,000 (NB,149); Curlew Sandpiper 4,000 (NB,149); Far Eastern Curlew 653 (SM, NB, NM,8); Terek Sandpiper 600 (NB,149); Ruddy Turnstone 520 (NB,149)

Islands off False Orford Ness Grey-tailed Tattler 1,078 (NB,41)

Joseph Bonaparte Bay Terek Sandpiper 1,000 (B,40)(Turtle Pt)

Kakadu National Park Marsh Sandpiper 1,600 (NM,40); Little Curlew 180,000 (SM, NB,119); Common Sandpiper 300 (NB,15); Australian Pratincole 30,000 (B,119); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 4,900 (NM,40)

Kangaroo Island Red-necked Stint 5,600 (NB,99); Ruddy Turnstone 450 (NB,7); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 3,150 (NB,8)

King Island Ruddy Turnstone 1,252 (NB,8)

Kununurra irrigation area Australian Pratincole 1,100 (NB,8)

Lacepede Islands Grey-tailed Tattler 500 (SM,114); Ruddy Turnstone 1,050 (SM, NB,176)

Lake Bathurst Double-banded Plover 500 (NB,149)

Lake Buloke Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 12,000 (NB,8)

Lake Cawndilla Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 37,552 (NB,33)

Lake Cooloongup Curlew Sandpiper 2,600 (NB,85); Red-necked Stint 3,700 (NB,8)

Lake Eyre Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 4,000 (NB,99)

Lake Finniss Little Curlew 12,000 (SM,86)

Lake George Curlew Sandpiper 3,528 (NB,8); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 4,500 (NB,8); Red-necked Stint 9,000 (NB,74)

Lake Gol Gol Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 6,000 (NB,149)

Lake Gregory Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 10,000 (NB,75); Oriental Plover 25,707 (NB, 182)

Lake Hawdon south Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 5,100 (NB,150)

Lake Hindmarsh Red-necked Stint 4,000 (B,8)

Lake Machattie Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2,517 (SM,25); Australian Pratincole 859 (SM,25)

Lake MacLeod Red-necked Stint 8,312 (SM,90); Red Knot 2,566 (SM,90); Curlew Sandpiper 41,606 (SM,90)

Lake Martin Curlew Sandpiper 3,000 (NB,175)

Lake Murdeduke Curlew Sandpiper 2,100 (NB,8); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 4,500 (NB,8)

Lake Numalla Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2,000 (NB,8)

Lake Preston Red-necked Stint 11,700 (NB, 42)

Table 5.71 (cont.) Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in Australia



Lake Sylvester Australian Pratincole 1,350 (B,87); Oriental Plover 1,022 (NB,87)

Lake Tutchewop, Kerang Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 4,562 (NB,8)

Lake Yamma Yamma Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2,329 (SM,25); Australian Pratincole 1,157 (SM,25)

Limmen River mouth Grey-tailed Tattler 500 (B,40)

Logan Lagoon, Flinders Curlew Sandpiper 2,470 (NB,124); Red-necked Stint 4,000 (NB,36)Island

Lough Calvert Double-banded Plover 3,700 (NB,5)

Low Island, Arnhem Bay Grey-tailed Tattler 600 (NB,40)

Milingimbi coast Terek Sandpiper 800 (B,40); Grey-tailed Tattler 800 (B,130); Bar-tailed Godwit 7,000 (NB,40); Far Eastern Curlew 700 (130), Great Knot 4,500 (NB, 40), Ruddy Turnstone 456 (130)

Moreton Bay Terek Sandpiper 779 (NB,48); Whimbrel 1,440 (NB,8); Grey-tailed Tattler 3,736 (SM, NB, NM,48); Pacific Golden Plover 2,163 (NB, NM,79); Bar-tailed Godwit 11,751 (NB, NM,8); Curlew Sandpiper 5,229 (SM, NB,8); Lesser Sand Plover 1,770 (NB,99); Far Eastern Curlew 3,500 (SM, NB, NM, B,8)

Nericon Swamp Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 3,545 (NB,33)

Notch Point Far Eastern Curlew 1,850 (SM,8)

Nungbalgarri Creek Black-tailed Godwit 6,350 (NB,8)

Ocean Beach, Strahan Sanderling 450 (NB, NM,8)

Ocean Grove to Barwon Red-necked Stint 4,630 (NB,8); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,684 (NM,8); Curlew Sandpiper Heads 2,000 (NB,8)

Parry floodplain, Wyndham Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,500 (NM,90); Little Curlew 3,000 (NB,89)

Peel-Harvey system Red-necked Stint 12,131 (NB,45); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 4.030 (NB,42); Curlew Sandpiper 3,000 (NB,145)

Pelican Island and nearby Lesser Sand Plover 2,150 (NB,41)islands

Penrice Saltfields Red-necked Stint 9,100 (NB, 49); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2,130 (NB 173)

Pioneer River – McEwan’s Lesser Sand Plover 1,575 (NB,8); Great Knot 4,000 (NB,99); Far Eastern Curlew 710 (NB,99)Beach

Port Fairy to Warrnambool Sanderling 550 (NB,8)coast

Port Hedland Saltworks Red-necked Stint 23,000 (B,99); Curlew Sandpiper 25,000 (SM, NB,99); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 20,000 (NB,99); Broad-billed Sandpiper 6,000 (SM, NB,113); Oriental Plover 29,900 (NB,99)

Port MacDonnell coast Ruddy Turnstone 443 (NB,8)

Port McArthur Far Eastern Curlew 407 (130); Common Greenshank 945 (SM,40); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,841 (130); Grey-tailed Tattler 1,550 (SM,40); Black-tailed Godwit 5,230 (130); Marsh Sandpiper 1,094 (SM,130)

Port Pirie coast Red-necked Stint 4,600 (NB,173); Red Knot 4,800 (NB,173)

Port Stephens Far Eastern Curlew 960 (NB,149)

Port Wakefield - Webb Beach Red-necked Stint 5,550 (NB,173); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,970 (NB,8)

Price Saltfields/Clinton Cons. Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,734 (NB,173)Park

Ringarooma Bay/Cape Double-banded Plover 500 (NB,8)Portland

Rivoli Bay Ruddy Turnstone 616 (SM, NM,8); Sanderling 1,108 (B,8)




Roebuck Bay Ruddy Turnstone 2,060 (SM, NM,99); Curlew Sandpiper 6,000 (SM, NB,8); Far Eastern Curlew 2,160 (NB,8); Great Knot 22,600 (SM, B,99); Grey Plover 1,300 (99); Grey-tailed Tattler 3,185 (SM, NM, B,100); Red Knot 11,200 (NB, NM,99); Red-necked Stint 19,800 (SM,99); Little Curlew 5,000 (NB,121); Whimbrel 1,020 (NB,99); Asian Dowitcher 414 (NM,132); Sanderling 1,510 (SM,99); Black-tailed Godwit 7,374 (NB,8); Common Greenshank 1,000 (NB,30); Oriental Plover 8,700 (NB,99); Terek Sandpiper 1,840 (NB, NM,8); Greater Sand Plover 26,900 (SM, NB, NM,102); Bar-tailed Godwit 65,000 (SM, NB,99);

Roebuck Plains Little Curlew 52,000 (NB,113); Oriental Pratincole 50,000 (NB,80)

Roper River area Black-tailed Godwit 3,015 (NB,59); Great Knot 21,400 (NB,99); Red Knot 3,100 (NB,59)

Rottnest Island Ruddy Turnstone 480 (NB,139)

SE Gulf of Carpentaria Red-necked Stint 26,971 (NB,51); Grey Plover 1,279 (NB,51); Terek Sandpiper 4,315 (NB,51); Grey-tailed Tattler 745 (NB,51); Little Curlew 25,042 (NB,51); Greater Sand Plover 2,504 (NB,51); Far Eastern Curlew 1,811 (NB,51); Common Greenshank 6,331 (NB,51); Lesser Sand Plover 2,146 (NB,51); Black-tailed Godwit 26,971 (SM, NB, NM,51); Whimbrel 3,414 (NB,51); Marsh Sandpiper 4,661 (NB,51); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 6,073 (NB,51); Great Knot 72,333 (SM, NB, NM,51); Common Sandpiper 321 (NB,51); Red Knot 23,657 (NB,51)

Shallow Inlet/Sandy Point Double-banded Plover 597 (NB,8); Curlew Sandpiper 3,500 (NB,8); Sanderling 769 (SM, NB,8); Red-necked Stint 5,421 (NB,8); Far Eastern Curlew 622 (NB,8)

Shoal Bay: Tree Pt to Lee Pt Great Knot 5,500 (SM,8)(Hope Inlet)

Shoalwater Bay and Broad Bar-tailed Godwit 5,151 (NB,52); Whimbrel 7,124 (NB,52); Far Eastern Curlew 2,986 (NB,52); Sound Great Knot 4,200 (NB,99); Terek Sandpiper 3,410 (NB,52); Grey-tailed Tattler 3,014 (NB,52)

Swan River Estuary, Perth Red-necked Stint 10,000 (NB,8)

The Coorong and Coorong Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 17,067 (NB, B,73); Curlew Sandpiper 13,430 (NB,73); Sanderling 930 NP (B,99); Red-necked Stint 46,067 (NB,73)

Thomsons Lake Nature Curlew Sandpiper 2,500 (NB,8)Reserve

Torry Plains Station Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 3,250 (NB,33)

Tuckerbil Swamp Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2,253 (NB,33)

Tuggerah lakes Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,690 (NB,8)

Tullakool Evaporation Ponds Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 10,000 (NB,149)

Vasse Wonnerup Estuary Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 2,300 (NB,8); Curlew Sandpiper 2,500 (NB,85)

Western Port Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 1,856 (SM,8); Curlew Sandpiper 6,343 (SM, NB,8); Far Eastern Curlew 1,294 (NB,8); Red-necked Stint 5,783 (NB,79); Double-banded Plover 816 (NB,8)

Western Port Phillip Bay Double-banded Plover 955 (NB,8); Curlew Sandpiper 13,323 (SM, NB,8); Red-necked Stint 24,552 (NB,148); Far Eastern Curlew 808 (NB,8); Common Greenshank 771 (NB,148); Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 5,971 (NM,B,8)

Wilson Inlet Red-necked Stint 15,252 (NB,8)

Yantabulla Swamp Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 7,000 (SM,174)

Yantara Lake Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 6,266 (NB,8)

Yokinup Bay, Cape Arid NP Sanderling 550 (NB,11)



New Zealand

General description

New Zealand lies in the extreme south of the Flyway, in the southern Pacific Ocean. It there-fore supports a select assemblage of shorebirds, including those that undertake the longest migrations in the Flyway, and one species, the Double-banded Plover, that migrates only within the southern hemisphere. Much of the country is mountainous but the North Island in particular has estuaries and coastal shallows. Migratory shorebirds in New Zealand have been surveyed comprehensively for many years and a single re-port (Sagar et al. 1999) forms the basis for most data used in this review.

Data

During the non-breeding period, 19 species of shorebirds of the Flyway are regularly present, with non-breeding period populations of four species exceeding 5% of their Flyway estimate. The low number of species reflects the position

of New Zealand in the Flyway. Despite this low number of species, New Zealand is particularly important for the Bar-tailed Godwit, Red Knot and Double-banded Plover. The Bar-tailed Godwits in New Zealand represent most of the world’s population of L. lapponica bauri, while the Double-banded Plover breeds only in New Zealand, with over half the population migrating to Australia during the non-breeding period.

Four species had sites that met their 1% crite-rion, with most records from the non-breeding period but with counts for three species, each from a single site, from the breeding period. The timing of these breeding period counts suggests that these were aggregations of birds that did not migrate.

The majority of the important sites were in the north of North Island. The only inland site was on South Island and was important only for the Double-banded Plover.

The impact of mussel farming upon benthic in-vertebrates in important shorebird foraging areas has been identified as a concern (Schmechel 2001).

Number of species for which New Zealand contains internationally important sites: 4Number of internationally important sites in New Zealand: 14

Figure 20. Internationally important sites for migratory shorebirds in New Zealand.


SpeciesTotal Sites

SM NB NM B



Red Knot 8 8 1

Double-banded Plover 9 9

Table 5.73 Shorebirds in New Zealand – number of internationally important sites by period for species

SpeciesMax.


% Flyway

Double-banded Plover 1 378 20 000 40


Red Knot 67 367 68 000 30


Table 5.75 Details on the maximum counts at internationally important sites in New Zealand

Site Name Species and DetailsFarewell Spit Double-banded Plover 1,442 (NB,138); Ruddy Turnstone 1,792 (NB,138); Red Knot 24,227

(NB,138); Bar-tailed Godwit 17,181 (NB,138)

Firth of Thames Bar-tailed Godwit 12,264 (NB,138); Red Knot 7,819 (NB,142)

Houhora Harbour Red Knot 2,855 (NB,138)

Invercargill Ruddy Turnstone 1,150 (NB,138)

Kaipara Harbour Bar-tailed Godwit 14,507 (NB,138); Ruddy Turnstone 618 (NB,138); Red Knot 16,910 (NB,138); Double-banded Plover 1,026 (NB,138)

Kawhia Harbour Bar-tailed Godwit 5,350 (NB,138); Double-banded Plover 543 (NB,138)

Lake Ellesmere Double-banded Plover 2,502 (NB,138)

Manukau Harbour Red Knot 22,433 (NB, B,138); Double-banded Plover 939 (NB,138); Bar-tailed Godwit 22,571 (NB,138); Ruddy Turnstone 803 (NB,138)

Motueka Estuary Ruddy Turnstone 434 (NB,138)

Ohope/Ohiwa Harbour Double-banded Plover 676 (NB,138); Bar-tailed Godwit 5,000 (B,138)

Parengarenga Harbour Red Knot 13,500 (NB,138); Double-banded Plover 1,380 (NB,138); Bar-tailed Godwit 5,200 (NB,138); Ruddy Turnstone 1,500 (NB, NM,138)

Rangaunu Harbour Red Knot 2,500 (NB,138); Bar-tailed Godwit 7,850 (NB,138); Ruddy Turnstone 372 (NB,138)

Tauranga Harbour Ruddy Turnstone 402 (NB,138); Double-banded Plover 743 (NB,138); Bar-tailed Godwit 6,900 (NB,138)

Whangarei Harbour Bar-tailed Godwit 7,245 (NB,138); Red Knot 4,198 (NB,138); Double-banded Plover 689 (NB,138)

Table 5.72 Abundant species during the non-breeding period in New Zealand (>5% of population)

Site Code Site Name Lat. Long. Total

Species SM NB NM B

313 Farewell Spit -40.5 172.83 4 4

317 Kaipara Harbour -36.42 174.25 4 4

320 Manukau Harbour -36.97 174.83 4 4 1

323 Parengarenga Harbour -34.52 172.96 4 4 1

324 Rangaunu Harbour -34.5 173.17 3 3

325 Tauranga Harbour -37.72 176.15 3 3

326 Whangarei Harbour -35.72 174.32 3 3

314 Firth of Thames -37.15 175.55 2 2

318 Kawhia Harbour -38.07 174.82 2 2

322 Ohope/Ohiwa Harbour -37.97 177.03 2 1 1

315 Houhora Harbour -34.83 173.17 1 1

316 Invercargill -46.42 168.37 1 1

319 Lake Ellesmere -43.83 172.67 1 1

321 Motueka Estuary -41.12 173 1 1

Table 5.74 Internationally important sites in New Zealand – number of shorebird species by period

Documents

5. COUNTRY ACCOUNTS - Department of the …environment.gov.au/.../shorebirds-east-asia-06-country-accounts.pdf5.1 Introduction to the Country Ac-counts. The country accounts present