Asia Paci�c Institute of Advanced ResearchNurturing knowledge without boundaries

APCAR-20162nd Asia Paci�c Conference on Advanced Research

VOLUME 02Hotel Grand Chancellort Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Date: 27th & 28th of February, 2016

Conference:

Conference: 2nd Asia Pacific Conference on Advanced Research (APCAR - Feb,2016)Chief Editor: Dr Elgin Ong

Location: Hotel Grand Chancellor, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.Date: 27th and 28th of February, 2016

Sponsor: Asia Pacific Institute of Advanced Research (APIAR)

Publisher:

Asia Pacific Institute of Advanced Research (APIAR)Suite 1A Level 2; 802 Pacific Highway; Gordon NSW 2072; Australia

FAX: (+61) 02 9844 5445Tel: (+61) 0420 963 175

Email: info@apiar.org.auWeb: http://apiar.org.au

Document Information:

Document Type: Proceedings PaperLanguage: English

ISBN: 978-0-9943656-3-7Copyright @ 2016, Asia Pacific Institute of Advanced Research (APIAR).

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Research and publishing opportunities for academics and researchers Asia Pacific Institute of Advanced Research (APIAR) strives to assist academics and researchers to build on their theoretical and practical knowledge in their respective fields, and to provide updates of the latest breakthroughs and innovations as well as current practices. The Institute focuses both on continuous research and publications in four primary domains: Business, Education, Information Technology and Social Sciences.

Connecting academics / researchers and business practitioners who share similar research interests, the Institute acts as a platform for collaboration on joint research publications. This initiative ensures that the research findings are in line with techno-logical advances, the market environment, and with the most contemporary business practices and trends. This integrated approach between disciplines is significant as the implications and application of research findings are applied in different contexts. Managers and practitioners can apply the new knowledge and research findings in solving various businesses challenges and in strengthening their overall business strategy, relating it, for example, to sales, marketing, branding, operation and logistics, human resources and technology. APIAR brings together a diverse network of academics, researchers, business practitioners and entrepreneurs to share their extensive experience and critical knowledge through the conference platform and through research publications such as academic journals.

The value of the Institute’s rigorous reviewing process:The APIAR’s extensive system of review processes towards publication reflects the Institute’s desire to provide the highest-quality research literatures and findings that are up-to-date, meaningful, feasible and appropriate to current business practice. The rigorous reviewing process is crucial in upholding the credibility and reputation of the published work, and therefore of the Institute itself. APIAR drives on quality knowl-edge-sharing and knowledge-develop-ment, not only to create efficient learning but also to offer effective solutions to the academic and business environment. The overall process also enhances innovation and revitalises new ideas.

Why academic should publish with us:As our institution is relatively new, we place emphasis on building a strong institution brand and on raising awareness of our activities. Our key focus is to provide advanced research for higher education and corporate training through a team of highly-quali-fied academics and business practitioners to reinforce the institution’s value in terms of both theoretical knowledge and practice. We strongly encourage researchers and research students to publish through our institution, ensuring that the process towards publication is straightforward with full details given on the APIAR website. We also provide a platform for networking, and opportunities for project collaboration. Most importantly, to expand knowledge in the primary domains of Business, Educa-tion, Information Technology and Social Sciences.

“2nd Asia Pacific Conference on Advanced Research (APCAR-2016), Melbourne, Australia”

Dr Elgin Ong, Rhinovo Pte Ltd, International BrandingExpert & Renowned Public Speaker, Singapore.

CONFERENCE NAME

CONFERENCE CHAIR

PREFACE FROM THE CONFERENCE CHAIR

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CONFERENCE COMMITTEE

NAME AFFILIATION

PROF. PETER CURSON

PROF. KUBAIS S. ABDULFATTAH FAHADY Ajman University of Science And Technology, UAE.

DR ROSS YATES Edith Cowan University, Australia

PROF. DENNIS RUMLEY The University of Western Australia, Australia.

PROF. MAURICE GALTON University of Cambridge, UK.

ASST. PROF. HONGJIN ZHU Mcmaster University, Canada.

ASSOC. PROF. NOURAH ALYOUSEF King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.

PROFESSOR GHASSAN OMET University of Jordan, Jordan.

PROFESSOR ROBERT WRIGHT University of Strathclyde, UK.

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AHMED ALI KHALIFA Qatar University, Qatar.

PROFESSOR MARTIN MILLS The University of Queensland, Australia.

PROFESSOR DJAMEL EDDINE LAOUISSET ALHOSN University, UAE.

PROFESSOR ROBYN GILLIES The University of Queensland, Australia.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PAWEL BILINKSI City University, UK.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR BLAINE HATT Nipissing University, Canada.

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ALI ALKHALIFAH Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR JEHAD ALDEHAYYAT Al Yamamah University, Saudi Arabia.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR PETER KRIESLER University of New South Wales, Australia.

PROFESSOR ELIZABETH FERNANDEZ University of New South Wales, Australia.

EN MOHAMMAD AMIZI BIN AYOB University Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia

DR MOHD SHUKRI HANAPI Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.

The University of Sydney, Australia.

CONFERENCE CHAIR

NAME AFFILIATION

DR ELGIN ONG Rhinovo Pte Ltd, International Branding Expert & Renowned Public Speaker, Singapore.

KEYNOTE SPEAKERS

NAME AFFILIATION

ASSOC PROFESSOR KATHLEEN RIACH

PROFESSOR LESLIE HOLMES University of Melbourne, Australia.

Monash University, Australia.

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REVIEW COMMITTEE

NAME AFFILIATION

PROFESSOR MARIOS I KATSIOLOUDES

DR DRAGANA RADICIC Bournemouth University, Uk.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR FATEN KHARBAT Al Ain University of Science & Technology, UAE.

DR. WEI CHEN Sheffield University, UK.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR WAN NG University of New South Wales, Australia.

DR JONATHAN MUTERERA Nipissing University, Canada.

DR. NISHIKANT MISHRA Aberystwyth University, UK.

DR. SAMEER AL BARGHOUTH Al Ain University, UAE.

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR SAWSAN HALBOUNI University of Sharjah, UAE.

ELVIRA BOLAT Bournemouth University, UK.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR NIGEL BAGNALL The University of Sydney, Australia.

DR MICHAEL WIGELSWORTH Manchester University, UK.

MAXWELL HEINECK King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Saudi Arabia.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR RAMPRASAD BHAR University of New South Wales, Australia.

DR FELICITY HARDLEY University of Westminster, UK.

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR KOUSAY SAID University of Bahrain, Bahrain.

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GEHAN ABDUL HADI MOUSA MOHAMED University of Bahrain, Bahrain.

CATHY BEAUSOLEIL University of Quebec, Canada.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR LAURENCE GOLDMAN University of Queensland. Australia.

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR RIHAM MUQATTASH Al Ain University Of Science & Technology, UAE.

BIJAN HESNI University of Westminster, UK.

PROFESSOR TAKASHI OYABU Kokusai Business Gakuin College, Japan.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MARK PEGRUM The University of Western Australia, Australia.

KISHORE NAMBEESAN University of Nizwa, Oman.

PAULA JACKSON York St John University, UK.

DR PANAGIOTIS DONTIS CHARITOS University of Westminster, UK.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR JAKE LYNCH The University of Sydney, Australia.

DR. MOHIT KOLAY Al Yamanah University, Saudi Arabia.

DR CHANGYU DONG University of Strathclyde, UK.

DR ELENA SOUKAKOU University of Roehampton, UK.

ASSITANT PROFESSOR AHMAD ALHARKAN Qassim University, Al Malida, Saudi Arabia.

Qatar University, Qatar.

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Asia Paci�c Institute of Advanced ResearchNurturing knowledge without boundaries

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