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• 4/17 Focus:4/17 Focus: – Europeans, seeking a greater share of the
rich Asian spice trade, began to make oceanic voyages of exploration in the 1400’s
• Important Terms:Important Terms:– Cartography
• Do Now:Do Now: –What impact did the Ottomans have on
European trade with Asia
The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration
Early Voyages of Early Voyages of ExplorationExploration
• Factors that increased European interests in trade with Asia – Crusades – Pax Mongolia –Marco Polo’s travels
• European trade with Asia had been disrupted by Ottomans control of E. Mediterranean – Byzantine falls – Constantinople
becomes Istanbul
• Italian and Muslim merchants controlled trade routes to Asia– Acted as a
middleman between W. Europe and Asia • Muslim traders
brought the goods to the Mediterranean
• Italian traders brought the goods to Europe
• Increased prices of goods
• The renaissance led to new developments in technology and scientific knowledge – The Printing Press • Gutenberg developed
moveable type printing press • Increased the spread of
ideas and information–Geography
• Mapmaking and Navigation– Compass – Astrolabe and Sextant• Instruments which helped sailors
navigate the seas– Improvements in cartography• Use of lines of latitude• Maps showing ocean currents
Astrolabe(1532)
Mariner’s Compass
Sextant
• Improvements in shipbuilding – Advances in shipbuilding
lead to the creation of ships that could sail long distances• Learned shipbuilding
techniques from Arabs– Stern rudders– Triangular sails
• The Caravel – ship developed
by the Portuguese
– Faster and capable of holding more cargo
– Could sail in shallow water • Allowed for the
exploration of coastlines and inlets
• Identify one factor that increased Europe’s interest in trade with Asia?
• Why did Europeans begin searching for a sea route to Asia?
• Identify one technological development that allowed the Europeans to begin searching for sea routes to Asia?
• Two western European nations that led early attempts at exploration in Europe
• located on the Iberian Peninsula– Looked to the Atlantic
for trade routes to Asia
• Portuguese prince who established a school for sailors in Portugal in 1419– School was responsible for
the early development of European exploration and maritime trade with Africa and Asia• Portugal becomes a leader in
this area
– Portuguese sailors began exploring the coast of West Africa
• Campaign by Christians to recapture Spain from Muslim rule – Spain and Portugal
Conquered by Muslim invaders in 8th century
• King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella take the last Muslim province in Spain (1492)
• Began Spanish inquisition to create religious unity
• Financed voyages to find new routes to Asia
• Venetian sailor working for Spain crosses the Atlantic with three ships and discovers the “New World”– Believed Asia could be
reached by sailing west from Spain• Believed it was about 2,000
miles from Spain • Estimated it to be a 2month
journey– Left Lisbon, Spain on August
3,1492– Lands on a small island in the
Bahamas on October 12,1492• Names the island San Salvador
• Vikings had sailed west to North America several centuries before Columbus
• Leif Ericksson explored a area west of Greenland that Vikings called Vinland– Historians believe that
Vinland was North America• Archaeologists have found
Viking settlements in Newfoundland
• Portuguese sailor who found South America – Had been
attempting to sail around Africa
– Sailed too far west and landed the coast of modern day Brazil
• Portuguese sailor who became the first person to circumnavigate the globe – Sail completely around the world
• Spain and Portugal both claimed the Americas
• Pope Alexander VI divided the non European world between Spain and Portugal – Line of Demarcation
• West went Spain• East went to Portugal