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4 th International Evidence Based Policing Confere nce. “A captive audience.” Recruiting informants within police custody blocks. Richard Cooper. Objectives. Why do people offer information? The cells as a recruiting ground The longevity of recruitments - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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4th International Evidence Based Policing Conference
“A captive audience.” Recruiting informants within police custody
blocks.
Richard Cooper
Objectives
• Why do people offer information?• The cells as a recruiting ground• The longevity of recruitments• Are some motivations more sticky than
others?
Limitations of previous research
• Dearth of experimental research in this area.– Most commonly third party interviews– Rarely direct access to informants– Criminals giving their opinions– Examination of records
• Difficult to establish motivation – Cost, risk, management etc.
• Much easier to be retrospective
Methodology• 14 week period• Custody block for medium-sized city• Administer questionnaire at point of accepting
referral to Source Handling Unit– Motives– Supporting information
• Examination of police records• Observation of process taking place• 2 dedicated officers• Follow-up of cohort at two points– Initial contact and 4 weeks afterwards
Methodology - Motives• Money• Reduced Sentence• Excitement• Guilt• Revenge• See how police use informants• Remove criminal competition• Sense of responsibility to others• Dislike of a particular crime• Other
Methodology – Subsidiary Information
• Certainty • Length of time• Treatment in cells• Adherence to law
• Police data– Demographic– Criminal
Findings – Provision of Intelligence
• Surprising willingness to provide intelligence and accept onward referral
• Not explicable by naivety or inexperience• Significant relationship with acquisitive crime
custody event– Desperation / drugs
• Women potentially more likely to cooperate• Situational factors important
Findings - Motivation• Multiple motivations• Money and the chance of a reduced sentence
are the most common• Money closely linked to those in custody for
acquisitive crimes• Revenge, excitement, responsibility to others,
and dislike of crime also evident
Findings – Continuing to inform• Substantial drop-out rate for prospective
informants• Varied reasons for failing to continue• Acquisitive crime no longer significant• Those primarily motivated by money less likely
to respond to initial follow-up– Not affected by financial predicament
Findings – Continuing to inform
• Those with a motivation not born of self-interest may be more likely to persist
• Co-existence between dislike of a certain crime and sense of responsibility– More certain of the decision– Prepared to do so for longer– More embedded than transitory
• Dislike of drugs features prominently– Links to our informant population?
Conclusions• Debriefing in the cells should be seen as an end in
itself– High drop-out rate– Acquisitive crime– Women
• Understanding of the range of motivations is largely accurate
• Self-interest does not appear to be sufficient– Those not motivated by self-interest may be the most
‘sticky’