4-29-15 MASTER EBC Ocean and Coastal Resources Program - Coastal Resiliency and Marine Spatial Planning

7/21/2019 4-29-15 MASTER EBC Ocean and Coastal Resources Program - Coastal Resiliency and Marine Spatial Planning

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Environmental Business Council of New England

Energy Environment Economy

EBC Ocean & Coastal Resources Program:

Coastal Resiliency and Marine Spatial

Planning


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Payson R. Whitney III, P.E.

Chair, EBC Ocean & Coastal

Resources Committee

Vice President, Water & Coastal Engineering

ESS Group, Inc.



Welcome


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Leslie-Ann McGee

Program Co-Chair and Moderator

Director, Ocean and Coastal Solutions

Battelle



Introduction


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Harlan Doliner

Program Co-Chair

Counsel, Head of Maritime Group

Verrill Dana LLP



Introduction


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Steven Miller

Supervisor of Environmental Management

Systems and Sustainability

MassDOT



DOT Approach to Coastal

Resiliency


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Environmental Business

Council

April 29, 2015

4/29/20157


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The Central Artery/Tunnel (CA/T) system is a critical link in regional

transportation and a vitally important asset in the Bostonmetropolitan area with 160 lane miles half of them in tunnels, sixinterchanges, and 200 bridges.

Tip ONeill Tunnel Exit & Entrance Ramps Tip ONeill Tunnel Exit & Entrance Ramps Tip ONeill Tunnel Exit Ramp

Vent Building 1 Vent Building 4Detail of 15KV Electrical Conduit


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165,000 Average Daily Travel in 2014

Tip ONeill TunnelNorthernmost Portal


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Stakeholder, Technical Advisory Committee, andInstitutional Knowledge meetings were used toinform and refine the project approach.

2 Formal Stakeholder Meetings: Cities of Boston and Cambridge, TBHA,BWSC, EOEEA, DCR, CZM, MWRA, MassPort (Logan InternationalAirport), MEMA, consultant teams for Cambridge and MassPort

2 Formal Technical Advisory Committee Meetings: EPA Region 1, USACOE,

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), NOAA

Many IK Meetings: District 6 Operations and Maintenance, Electrical,Environmental (stormwater pump stations and outfalls)

| Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence | www.mass.gov/massdot


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| Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence | www.mass.gov/massdot

Project Overview

Define Geographical ScopeInventory of Assets

Surveys of Critical Areas of Central Artery

Hydrodynamic AnalysisVulnerability Assessment

Adaptation Strategy

Project report and presentations


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4/29/2015 | Leading the Nation in Transportation Excellence | www.mass.gov/massdot12


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Includes relevant physical processes (tides, storm surge, wind, waves,

wave setup, river discharge, sea level rise, future climate scenarios)

Currents

Storm Surge

Tides

Water Levels

Winds

SLR

Discharge Infrastructure

Waves

Wave Setup

Charles RiverDam

Amelia Earhart Dam

High Reso lut ion Hydrodynamic Model ing


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Amelia Earhart Dam

Model Input

Data Input Source

LiDAR and topography MassGIS, MassDOT, USGS, NOAA CSC, Site-specific surveys

Bathymetry NOAA/NGDC, USGS, Site-specific surveys

Land cover MassGIS, USGS

River flow and hydrographs BWSC, USGS, City of Cambridge, VHB

Historical high water marks USGS, Gadoury (1979)

Tides NOAA Tides and Currents

Sea level rise scenarios US National Climate Assessment (2012)

Flood control structures Massachusetts DCR, USACE, MCZM

Storm climatology - Tropical Emanuel et al. (2006), Global Climate Models

Storm climatologyExtra-Tropical (Vickery et al., 2013), (ECMWF, 2014), Myers and Malkin (1961)


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Risk Inundation Maps

Regional Output


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Depth of Inundation Maps

Regional Output


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Vulnerability Assessment

While considering exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity itbecame apparent during the IK meetings that there is a high

sensitivity to flooding to almost all structures with little redundancy inthe system any water at grade is a problem.

Therefore, all structures have an equal priority



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Adaptation Strategy

Mix of local and regional actionscoordinated with otherorganizations.

Local protection of structures with water less than 2 feet wouldconsist of relatively inexpensive temporary flood structures. 1%

storm flood depths exceeding 2 feet would require a perimeter floodwalls but will not be needed until after 2030 and beyond. Portalsare vulnerable to flooding today but could be protected withtemporary barriers. Once the 0.1% flood depths exceed 0.5 feetflood gates would be required.

Regional protection plans are still under development but will befocused on major flood pathways identified in the 2070 and 2100analysis.



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Notes:aInside (downstream) of Portal BIN62B-POR, so protected if portal protected

bOutside (upstream) of Portal BIN7UG-POR, floods if Boat Section floods

cSee note b. Also in 2030, 1% flood, there is only minor flooding of the Boat Section.

dDoor to pump station located in boat section, sou th and outs ide of Portal 7J8-POR. Portal is flooded

under 1% flood level in 2030.

Table 5-2. The vulnerability results of non-Boat Section Structures for 2013 and 20 30 flooding s cenarios.

20 13 indicates present vulnerability and 2030 indicates vulnerabili ty over the period from the just past

the present to 2030.Note: when a range of dep ths is shown, it means that flood dep th varies along the perimeter of the st ructure.

Structure_ID 2013 1 %

Depth (ft)

2030 1 %

Depth (ft)

Structure Location

D6A-DC03 0 0 to 0.3 Depot-Main Complex SMF

Rutherford Street, Charlestown

D6D-DC01 0 to 0.5 0 to 1.5 Depot-Main Complex - 93 Granite Ave, Milton

D6D-D1-B 0 to 0.4 0.7 D6 Granite Ave Building B

D6D-D1-C 0 0.2 D6 Granite Ave Building C

HOC-D6 0 0 to 0.2 Complex HOC / ES02 / I-90 ML

Mass port Haul Road, South Boston

D6-ES02-FAC 0 0 to .03 Emergency Respon se Station 2

D6-SWO4-FAC 0 Floodedd Storm Water Pump Station 4

TB03-D6 0 to 0.1 0.1 Complex TB03 / ERS07

Bulfinch Triangle, East Boston

D6-TB03-FAC 0 0.1 to 0.45 Toll Facility Building Sumner Tunnel

ERS07 0 0.25 to 0.7 Emergency Response Station 7

TA03-D6 0 to 0.1 0.1 to 0.8 Complex TA03

Havre Street, East Boston

D6-TA03-FAC 0 0.4 to 0.8 Sumner/Callahan

Tolls/Administration/Engineering

D6-VB11-FAC 0 0 to 0.25 Vent Building 11 - Liverpool Street, East Boston

D6-VB13-FAC 0 0.05 to 0.7 Vent Building 13 - Decatur Street, East Boston

D6-VB1-FAC 0 0 to 1 Vent Building 1 - 55 Dorchest er Avenue, Boston

D6-VB6-FAC 0 0.4 Vent Building 6 - 2 Fid Kennedy Drive, S. Boston

TE061W 0 0.4 Tunne l Egress 61W at VB6

MBTAAQ 0.4 0.5 to 1.5 MBTA Aquarium Station

MBTA Aquarium Station-

MBTAAQ


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Table 6-1. Number of lanes and dimensions for the portals in Table 5.3 requiring gates either now or by 2030

and material and installation costs.

Portal Label No. ofLanes

Width(ft)

YearInstalled

Gate($Million)

Installation($Million)

Total Cost($Million)

BIN5VA 2 38 2013 1.7 1.1 2.8

BINA07 2 29 2030 1.5 1.0 2.5

BINC00 2 28 2030 1.5 1.0 2.5

BIN7UG/BIN7MD/BIN7GC 2/4/5 180 2030 8.7 5.7 14.4

BIN7J8/7J9 4 2 130 2013 6.4 4.2 10.6

BIN7JD/7JE/7JF/7RX 1/2/2/1 178 2013 8.5 5.5 14.0

Street View of Combined Bins 7UG,

7MD, and 7GC (from Google Earth)


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Interaction with MassDOT, Regional Stakeholders, and the TAC:

MassDOT and the technical team members met weekly on a scheduledconference call and regularly in person to develop a good understanding ofthe project requirements, challenges and outputs. Besides the 2 major

meetings of the stakeholders and TAC there were regular email andtelephone conversations. A positive environment was created to seek inputon regional and scientific issues.



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MassDOT is Expanding the model to entire coast andislands:

This work will assess the vulnerability of MassDOTstransportationsystems (primarily roads, bridges, and railways) along the entireMassachusetts coastline. This 2 year project has 3 main phases:

Phase 1: Pilot-scale analysis to develop methodologies andtest modeling schemes.

Phase 2: Extension and refinement of BH-FRM to the entirecoastline. The new model will be called the MassachusettsCoastline Flood Risk Model (MC-FRM) and will be used for theregional analysis.

Phase 3: Regional scale vulnerability analysis and conceptualadaptation strategies.


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Thank you!

Steven Miller

MassDOT, Highway Division10 Park Plaza, Room 4260

Boston, MA 02116

368-857-8809

[email protected]

4/29/2015


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Kirk F. Bosma, P.E., M.C.E.

Team Leader / Coastal Engineer

Woods Hole Group



Case Studies: Technical

Approach to Coastal Resiliency


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Storm Surge Risk andCoastal EngineeringAdaptations in a

Changing ClimateKirk F. Bosma, [email protected]

April 29, 2015


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Climate Change Preparation

1. Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge Risk What is the real risk?

2. Vulnerability Assessment How do we determine what is vulnerable?

3. Preparedness Planning and Adaptations What should the plan be?


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So how do we determine what is vulnerable?

Inundation maps based on standard bathtub model donot reflect dynamic nature of coastal flooding

Does not account for joint flooding conditions Does not include effects of infrastructure (e.g., dams) Does not account for tides


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So how do we determine what is vulnerable?

Worst possible scenario for emergency planning (worststorm at MHW)no associated risk planning

Coarse modeling domain results in local inaccuracies Does not include impacts of waves Errors are relatively large (+/- 20%)

Just hurricanes


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Includes relevant physical processes (tides, storm surge, wind, waves,

wave setup, river discharge, sea level rise, future climate scenarios)

Currents

Storm Surge

Tides

Water Levels

Winds

SLR

Discharge Infrastructure

Waves

Wave Setup

Hi-Res Hydrodynamic Modeling

Charles RiverDam

Amelia Earhart Dam


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Why existing maps are not good enough


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Regional Grid Requirements

Grid covers a large regional area (North Atlantic) to capture large-scale storm

(hurricane, noreaster) dynamics.


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Boston Grid


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Focus Areas


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Amelia Earhart Dam

Data Input Source

LiDAR and topography MassGIS, MassDOT, USGS, NOAA CSC, Site-specificsurveys

Bathymetry NOAA/NGDC, USGS, Site-specific surveys

Land cover MassGIS, USGS

River flow and hydrographsBWSC, USGS, City of Cambridge, VHB

Historical high water marks USGS, Gadoury (1979)

Tides NOAA Tides and Currents

Sea level rise scenarios US National Climate Assessment (2012)

Flood control structures Massachusetts DCR, USACE, MCZM

Storm climatology - Tropical Emanuel et al. (2006), Global Climate Models

Strom climatology Extra-Tropical

(Vickery et al., 2013), (ECMWF, 2014), Myers and Malkin(1961)

Model Input


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Using Projections to Bracket Risk

Parris et al. (2012)

U. S. National ClimateAssessment.

X4

X3

X2

X1

3a

2100

2a

2070

1a

2030


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Storm Climatology - Hurricanes

Monte Carlo simulations,using a large statistically

robust set of storms(Emanuel, et al., 2006) and aphysics based approach

Present and future climatechange scenarios

Simulates storms (bothhurricane and noreaster)combined with SLR andprecipitation

A Large Statistically robustset of storms.

No need to determine jointprobabilities.


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Integration of Urban Dams

Implementation of new boundarycondition in the ADCIRC model

Allows evaluation of combinedprocesses

Amelia Earhart Dam

Charles River Dam

Flood Control Structures


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Model Validation Perfect Storm


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Example Results Winds


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Example Results - Waves


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Example Results - Hurricane


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Inundation Risk Maps


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Depth of Inundation Maps


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Example Assessment

7.33 hrs

LOCAL

LOCAL

l


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Example Assessment

10.0 hrs

LOCAL

LOCAL


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Local Assessment

Hull BMP Sites


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HullBMP Sites


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Time Variable Accretion

S


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Summary

1. The MassDOT BH-FRM model

provides high-resolution floodingresults for projected climate changescenarios.

2. The BH-FRM includes relevantprocesses, storm types, and jointprobabilities.

3. The BH-FRM provides realisticprobability based results that can bemore effectively used to assessvulnerabilities.

4. The model can be used to test

various adaptation and engineeringoptions, and can be connected toeconomic models.

5. The BH-FRM is currently beingextended to the entire coastline ofMassachusetts.


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Paul Kirshen, Ph.D.

Research Professor

University of New Hampshire



Climate Change and Adaptation

Based on Vulnerability

Assessment


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Climate Change and daptation

Planning Based on Vulnerability

ssessment


Battelle Memorial InstituteNorwell MA

April 29 2015

Paul Kirshen

[email protected]


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All human and natural systems are sensitive toclimate: thus as climate changes, their serviceswill change. Therefore we must consider how

we will adjust to the changes, the process ofadaptation

A mix of local and regional actions

taken over space and time by publicand private organizations


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Initial Step: VulnerabilityAssessment Impacts if no

adaptation

Function of Systems

-Exposure

-Sensitivity

-Adaptive Capacity


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Built EnvironmentAdaptation

Accommodate

Protect

Retreat


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Can we assign probabilities to

these climate projections ?No (mostly)

Deep Uncertainty

US NCA, 2013)

Address Uncertainty with


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Address Uncertainty with

Strategies that:

Consider a range of future conditions (scenarios)

Are robust, and/or flexible and adjustable

Include no-regrets and co-benefit solutions

Are integrated with mitigation, regional andsustainability planning

Recognizes Adaptive Capacity (economic, social, andnatural resources, institutions, technology )

Evaluated with Multiple Criteria

Are stakeholder driven

Combine here and now and prepare and monitor

actions

Example of Here and Now


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Mechanical, electrical andemergency services on roofout of harms way

Operable windows keyed openin event of systems failure

Critical patient programs aboveground floor

Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown Navy Yard, BostonArchitect: Perkins + Will Analytical diagrams P+W / Partners HealthCare

Example of Here and Now

Key floors above 2085 HighEstimate 100 Year Flood

Prepare and Monitor


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p

Portsmouth Flooding Adaptation

North Mill Pond, 13.5 ft NAVD

S l f P t th NH Pl


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Sample of Portsmouth NH Plan

T i P i t (f Th 2100)


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Trigger Points (from Thames 2100)

Mean Sea Level

Peak Surge Level

Peak River Flood

Erosion Habitat

Land Use

Public/Institutional Attitudes to Flood Risk


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Articulating Floodwall


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Articulating Floodwall


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Enhanced Natural Dunes and Vegetation

Addressing Water Quality Impacts


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Addressing Water Quality Impacts

Microbial Risks

Improved FiltrationSystems MF and UF Membranes

Advanced Disinfection

Ozone Ultraviolet

Advanced Oxidation Chemical RisksImproved Pretreatment

GAC and Ion ExchangeSorption

NF and RO Membranes

Advanced Oxidation


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http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/8362183.stm

Example of Staged Strategy
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/8362183.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/8362183.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/8362183.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/8362183.stm


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Example of Staged Strategy

Figure 15. Example of parapet wall

After 2100 - Retreat

Present to 2050Local Solutions

2050 to 2100Regional Solutions


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Corollaries

Safe to Fail, not Fail Safe

Design with Nature


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Five Natural Lines of Defense

Inniss et al (2014)


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NYC, A Stronger,. More Resilient New York, 2013


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Scenario AnalysisLooking forreasonable solutions that work over

the range of possibilitiesTop-Down (few uncertainties)

Bottom-Up (many uncertainties)

Top-Down, Predict-then-Act


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p ,

Select multi-criteria indicators and define their sensitivity

Select scenarios of climate and other changeshigh andlow, moderate, ensemble (many)

Determine Exposure, Sensitivity, Adaptive Capacity

Define adaptation plans or policies over time and space

Test plans against the scenarios

Select plan that works most reasonably no matter whatscenario actually occurs

Check for climate and other surprisesMonitor Climate and Other Thresholds

Good for well-bounded problems


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Bottom-Up, Context-First, RobustDecision Making, Decision Scaling, etc

Define adaptation policy or plan

Identify what climate and other changes

makes the plan vulnerableInvestigate the possibilities of thesechanges occurring

Make decision

Good for complex combined scenariosand/or poorly bounded or understood

future conditions

SLR and Climate Scenarios


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SLR and Climate Scenarios

Storm Climatology (pre and post

2050)


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VulnerabilityExposureFrom WHG maps based upon annual probabilities offlooding ( include wave heights). Flood water at any part ofstructure or boat section is problem (10 9 14 IK meeting)

Sensitivity - Each structure and boat section with few exceptionsare considered critical to maintaining the operability of the CATsystem. Large consequences if most structures or tunnels fail tomeet design conditions (10 9 14 IK meeting).

Adaptive CapacityNo redundancieslow or zero adaptivecapacity


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CAT Project Design Criteria (BBP,

various dates, Volumes 13)

Tunnels1000 year floodOthers100 year flood


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Structure Protection with Wall and


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Gate


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Table 5-3. Flood depths of vulnerable Boat Sections with Portals. Flood depth ranges are further defined in

notes below table.

Structure_ID

2013 0.1 %

Depth (ft)

< 2030 0.1 %

Depth (ft) Ramp Area or Roadway Area

BIN5VA-POR 0 to 1.0d 0 to 1.7e Ramp CN-SA

Central Artery Northbound to Surface Artery

Rose Kennedy Greenway Parcel 12

BIN7J8-POR

BIN7J9-POR

BIN7JD-POR

BIN7JE-PORBIN7JF-POR

BIN7RX-POR

0 to 0.9 0 to 2.9 I-90 Main Line and HOVEB

at Highway Operations Center

BIN7UG-POR

BIN7GC-POR

BIN7MD-POR

0 to 0.4g 0 to 1.4h I-93 Northbound and Southbound

Tip ONeill Tunnel Portals

at Zakim Bridge

BINA07-POR 0.3 0.7 Sumner Tunnel Entrance East Boston

BINC00-POR 0 to 0.4i 0.3 to 0.8j Callahan Tunnel Exit East Boston

Notes : dmore than 20% of perimeter at a depth >0.9 ft.emost of the perimeter is flooded at 1.1 ft.

fmost of the perimeter is flooded at 1.9 ft.gmore than 80% of the perimeter is not flooded (0.0 ft depth).

imost of the perimeter is flooded at 1.0 ftjmore than 30% of the perimeter is flooded at >0.3 ft.

Tunnel Portals - Sensitive if flooding at grade exceeds 0.5 ft at most of perimeter


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Table 5-2. The vulnerability results of non-Boat Section Structures for 2013 and 2030 flooding s cenarios.

2013 indicates present vulnerability and 2030 indicates vulnerability over the period from the just past

the present to 2030.

Note: when a range of depths is shown, it means that flood depth varies along the perimeter of the st ructure.

Structure_ID 2013 1 %

Depth (ft)

2030 1 %

Depth (ft)

Structure Location

D6A-DC03 0 0 to 0.3 Depot-Main Complex SMF

Rutherford Street, Charlestown

D6D-DC01 0 to 0.5 0 to 1.5 Depot-Main Complex - 93 Granite Ave, Milton

D6D-D1-B 0 to 0.4 0.7 D6 Granite Ave Building B

D6D-D1-C 0 0.2 D6 Granite Ave Building C

HOC-D6 0 0 to 0.2 Complex HOC / ES02 / I-90 ML

Massport Haul Road, South Boston

D6-ES02-FAC 0 0 to .03 Emergency Response Station 2

D6-SWO4-FAC 0 Flooded Storm Water Pump Station 4

TB03-D6 0 to 0.1 0.1 Complex TB03 / ERS07

Bulfinch Triangle, East Boston

D6-TB03-FAC 0 0.1 to 0.45 Toll Facility Building Sumner Tunnel

ERS07 0 0.25 to 0.7 Emergency Response Station 7

TA03-D6 0 to 0.1 0.1 to 0.8 Complex TA03

Havre Street, East Boston

D6-TA03-FAC 0 0.4 to 0.8 Sumner/Callahan

Tolls/Administration/Engineering

D6-VB11-FAC 0 0 to 0.25 Vent Building 11 - Liverpool Street, East Boston

D6-VB13-FAC 0 0.05 to 0.7 Vent Building 13 - Decatur Street, East Boston

D6-VB1-FAC 0 0 to 1 Vent Building 1 - 55 Dorchester Avenue, Boston

D6-VB6-FAC 0 0.4 Vent Building 6 - 2 Fid Kennedy Drive, S. Boston

TE061W 0 0.4 Tunnel Egress 61W at VB6

MBTAAQ 0.4 0.5 to 1.5 MBTA Aquarium Station

MBTA Aquarium Station-

MBTAAQ

Other Structures

Flooding can be managed with small scale means up to 2 ft


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Table 6-1. Number of lanes and dimensions for the portals in Table 5.3 requiring gates either now or by 2030

and material and installation costs.

Portal Label No. of

Lanes

Width

(ft)

Year

Installed

Gate

($Million)

Installation

($Million)

Total Cost

($Million)

BIN5VA 2 38 2013 1.7 1.1 2.8

BINA07 2 29 2030 1.5 1.0 2.5

BINC00 2 28 2030 1.5 1.0 2.5

BIN7UG/BIN7MD/BIN7GC 2/4/5 180 2030 8.7 5.7 14.4

BIN7J8/7J9 4 2 130 2013 6.4 4.2 10.6

BIN7JD/7JE/7JF/7RX 1/2/2/1 178 2013 8.5 5.5 14.0

Street View of Combined Bins 7UG,

7MD, and 7GC (from Google Earth)

Adaptation Strategy: Example of Old


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Adaptation Strategy: Example of Old

Orchard Beach, Maine

Expected Value Net Benefits of Adaptation at Old Orchard BeachME (present to 2050)


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(p )

SLR

Scenario

Adptation

Action

Expected

Value of

Residual

Damages

$million

Adaptation

Cost

$million

Total

Damage

andCost

$million

Damages

Avoided

(Benefit)

$million

Net

Benefits

$million

No SLR

No Action

680

0

680

0

-680

100 +

0

60

60

680

620

50 +

3.4

52.4

55.8

676.6

620.8

Low

No Action

899.3

0

899.3

0

-899.3

100 +

0

60

60

899.3

839.3

50 +

28.3

52.4

80.7

871

790.3

High

No Action

1016.6

0

1016.6

0

-1016.6

100 +

37.6

60

97.6

979

881.4

50 +

67.8

52.4

120.2

948.8

828.6

Thank you


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Thank you

94


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Robbin E. Peach, MPA

Program Manager of Resiliency

Capital Programs and Environmental Affairs

Massport



MassportsApproach to Coastal

Resiliency and Marine Planning


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ResiliencyMassport

A pathway to a more resilient future

EBC 4.29.15

Overview of Massport


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97

Massport is an independent authority

governed by a board of directors,

appointed by the states governor

Massport owns and operates

Boston-Logan International Airport

Hanscom Field, Bedford, MA

Worcester Airport Conley Container Terminal

Black Falcon Cruiseport

Various real estate assets

Boston Logan International Airport


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Port of Boston


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Port of Boston


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100

Oldest continually active port

in Western Hemisphere (400 years)

New Englands maritime hub

Supports 34,000 jobs

$2 billion to local, regional,

and national economies

Paul W. Conley Container Terminal


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101


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Privately owned petroleum and

liquefied natural gas terminals

Supplies more than 90% ofMassachusetts' heating and fossil fuel

needs.

Two ship repair yards,

Public and private ferry operations,

Marinas,

Coast Guards Sector Boston


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Cruiseport Boston


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Connects New England with premier tourist destinations along the NorthAtlantic, Canada, Bermuda, the Caribbean and beyond.

Secure and Resilient Massport on Boston Harbor


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DRIVERS


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DRIVERS

For Action

Resiliency and National Security


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107

Climate (extreme weather, drought, sea level rise)

as global threat multiplier Food and water shortages

More poverty

Forced migrations

Higher unemployement

Atlantic Ocean Increased frequency of storms

Destablize U.S. Fleets and ships

Stressed weapon systems

Damage to ports

Increased calls for military assistance

Vulnerabilities


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Vulnerabilities


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Vulnerabilities


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Preparation for Superstorm Sandy


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Resident Engineers on-site inspections Construction scaffolding removed

Tie-downs on bridge

Cleaned screens for storm drains

FOD removed before (and after) Secure doors

Hazardous Waste


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Hazardous waste moved inside Hazardous waste moved inside

Monitoring


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Massport essential personnel

Fire

Safety

Operations

Resident Engineers

Term-contractors on-site Roofing

Electrical

Mechanical

Pumping

Cleaning

Assessing Damage


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Solar panels destroyed

Terminals flooded Standards and signs blown over

Vehicles destroyed

Roofing membranes peeled off

Possible Impacts


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Airports

Logan Airport prolonged closureregional/national, internationaltransportation/economic impacts

Passenger, business, critical goods, and commerce disruption

Lack of ability to serve area-wide storm recovery efforts

Maritime

Major facility and equipment loss leading to long term closure Loss of cruise & container business

Real Estate Financial risks associated with tenant disruptions/recovery

Disruptions to local/regional transportation system

Agency-wide Loss of human resources

Greater recovery cost

GOALS


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Resiliency

GOALS


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Program Manager of Resiliency


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First position of its kind at Massport and possibly

at any national port authority. Directs and coordinates resilience assessment and

adaptation preparedness activities of Massport.

Pursues two complementary objectives: Making the resilience plan and its principles part of

business strategy and operations everywhere; and

Facilitating cooperation among internal staff

External stakeholders promoting partnership

&collective action.

THOUGHT PROCESSES


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119

OUR

PROCESS

Defining Resiliency


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Resiliency is the ability of a system to withstand a major

disruption within acceptable degradation parameters, recover

within an acceptable time, and balance composite costs and

risks.

How to protect Massport facilities against long-term sea-levelrise, storm surges, intense storm events, other unplanned

events and threats?

How to maintain and restore operational capabilities duringand after disruptive events?

How to implement a balanced composite cost and risk plan?

Summary of Projects in the Region


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Client Project Climate ImpactsDisaster and Infrastructure Resiliency

Plan

SLR, storm surge, precip, temp,

wind

Cambridge Vulnerability Assessment SLR, storm surge, precip, temp

South Shore Communities SLR and Storm Surge study SLR, storm surge

MA Army National Guard Vulnerability Assessment SLR, storm surge, precip, temp

BWSCDrainage Master Plan, including climate

projectionsSLR, storm surge, precip

Vulnerability Assessment and

Adaptation for the Central ArterySLR, storm surge, precip

Preparing for the Rising Tide SLR, storm surge

Army Corps of Engineers, with

FEMA/MEMA

Multi-state Hurricane Evacuation Study

and Hurricane Surge Inundation

Mapping

Storm surge

FEMA Risk Maps for Suffolk CountyUpdated FIRM flood maps

without CC considerations

Boston Redevelopment Authority Article 80 proposed amendmentQuestionnaire for CC building

considerations

Building Resiliency in BostonBuilding guidelines; planning

horizons

Resiliency Working Group


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Logan

Maritime

Worcester

Hanscom

Corporate

Working Group Charge


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Identification Threat event

Threat level

Impacted facilities

Effect of impact

Critical facilities needing protection

Devise a Plan Avoid, minimize, recover

Short term

Long term

Methodology


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Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

Findings

Identify resolutions

to minimize or

eliminate the gap

Resiliency

Redundancy

Development

Identify Threats and

Hazards

Natural

Technological

Human Caused

Based on historical

occurrences and

probability models.

Assess Probabilityand Impact of each

threat/ hazard

Assess Vulnerabilities

Functionality

Structural Integrity

Environmental

Considerations

Accessibility

Current and Planned

Activities

Vulnerabilities

already being

addressed

External

coordination

Shortrange and

CapitalImprovement plans

Gap Analysis

Gap between CI/KR

requirement and

existing or planned

capability

Identify Critical

Infrastructure and Key

Resources (CI/KR)

What the CI/KR is

required to do

Identify

dependencies and

interrelationships

Step 6

Modified DHS Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) Model

Threats & Hazards to Critical Infrastructure


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NATURAL TECHNOLOGICAL HUMAN-CAUSED

Resulting from acts of nature Involves accidents or the

failures of systems and

structures

Caused by the intentional

actions of an adversary

Earthquake

Flood*

High winds*

Hurricane*

Sea Level Rise*

Tornado

Tsunami

Fire Winter Storm*

* Addressed in Kleinfelder Study forLogan and Maritime

Data Loss

Power Loss

Fire/Accident

Sabotage

Terrorism Acts (Bomb Blast)

Critical Infrastructure/Key Resources


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Utilities Transportation

Electrical/Vaults/Sub Stations/Distribution etc.

Drainage

Generators

Water

Parking

Surface Roads

Elevated Roads

Tunnels

Bridges

Transit

Taxi

Shuttle

Rental Car

Fuel Systems Human Capital

Aviation Fuel

Ground Fuel

Generator Fuel

Workforce

HR Functions

Qualified Maintenance

Security

IT Equipment/Buildings

ATCTower

Telecommunications

Network

Software

HardwareEnterprise

Terminals

Runway/Taxiway

Apron

Tower

Security GatesBerths

Operating Cranes

Processing Gates

Probability


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High Probability/High Impact

Natural Technological Human-Caused

Flood

High Winds

Hurricane

Fire

Extreme Temps

Data Loss

Low Probability/High Impact

Natural Technological Human-Caused

Tsunami

Tornado

Earthquake

Terrorism

Sabotage

Epidemic

Disaster Infrastructure Resiliency Planning (DIRP)


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Goals of the project:

Understand Massports vulnerability to climate impacts

Develop short-term and long-term resiliency strategies

Project approach:

Climate projections Vulnerability and risk assessment Adaptation planning

& design

Probability of occurrence

Conseque

nceofimpact

1 2 3

Climate Study Area


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Logan Airport Maritime Facilities

Historic Occurrence of HurricanesBoston (1858-2013)


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SUB/TROPICAL STORMS

& DEPRESSIONS

CATEGORY 1

HURRICANECATEGORY 2

HURRICANES

CATEGORY 3

HURRICANES

Hurricane Sandy[1]:

October 29-30, 2012

Hurricane Bob:

August 16 - 29, 1991

Hurricane Esther:

September 10 - 27, 1961

Great Atlantic Hurricane of 1944:

September 9 - 16, 1944

Hurricane Gloria:

September 27,1985

Hurricane of 1869:

September 79, 1869

Unnamed (1936):


Hurricane Donna:

September 12, 1960

Unnamed (1924):

September 27 - 30, 1924

Hurricane Edna:

September 11, 1954

Hurricane of 1916:

July 10 - 22, 1916

Hurricane Carol:

August 31, 1954

Unnamed (1904):


Great New England

Hurricane:

September 21, 1938

Unnamed (1896):

August 30 - September 11, 1896

Unnamed(1924):

August 16 - 28, 1924Unnamed (1894):

October 1 - 12, 1894

Unnamed (1869):

October 4 - 5, 1869

Unnamed (1893):

August 15 - 26, 1893

Unnamed (1888):

September 23 - 27, 1888

Unnamed (1885):

September 17 - 23, 1885

Unnamed (1879):

August 13 - 20, 1879

Unnamed (1858):

September 14 - 17, 1858

[1]All storms listed above tracked within 150 miles of Boston, except Hurricane Sandy.

N = Number of OccurrencesP = Annual Probability

0

10

20

30

40

50

N = 34

P = 0.22

N = 13

P = 0.08N = 8

P = 0.05 N = 2

P = 0.01

NumberofOccurrences

Tide Levels at Peak Hurricane Storm Surge -

Boston (1923-2013)


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MLW MSL MHW MHHW HAT

Category 1 1 2 0 0 0



0

1

2

3

4

Number

ofOccurences

MLW = Mean Low Water (-4.36 ft)MSL = Mean Sea Level

MHW = Mean High Water

MHHW = Mean Higher High Water

HAT = Highest Astronomical Tide (7.73 ft)All tidal elevations are in NGVD29 datum

Sandy made final landfall near Atlantic City, NJ on 10/30/2012 00:00 GMT as a Category 1 hurricane at MHW

(NOAA, 2013)

Sea Level Rise Projections


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Global mean sea level rise scenarios provided by NOAA as part of the

National Climate Assessment report published in December 2012.

Logan - Flooding from Category 2 Hurricane at MHHW


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Logan - Flooding from Category 3 Hurricane at MHHW


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South Boston - Flooding from Category 2 Hurricaneat MHHW


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South Boston - Flooding from Category 3 Hurricaneat MHHW


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136


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Terminal A


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Terminal A - Satellite


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Fish Pier


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Fish Pier EastDesign Flood Elevations


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142

GROUND FLOOR

EL. = 11.11

CAT. 3 HURRICANE (MHHW)

FLOOD EL. = 20.46CAT. 2 HURRICANE (HAT)

EST. FLOOD EL. = 18.28

FEMA BFE (2009)

FLOOD EL. = 9.81

FEMA BFE (2013)

FLOOD EL. = 13.81

- All elevations are in NGVD.



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CAT. 3 HURRICANE (MHHW)

FLOOD EL. = 20.46

CAT. 2 HURRICANE (HAT)

EST. FLOOD EL. = 18.28

GROUND FLOOR

EL. = 10.61

FEMA BFE (2009)

FLOOD EL. = 9.81 - All elevations are in NGVD.

FEMA BFE (2013)

FLOOD EL. = 13.81



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Fish PierResiliency Objectives


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Resiliency Performance Objectives:

Allow the first floors of buildings to flood

Prevent damage to critical electrical and fire protectionsystems and building elevator machinery

Prevent flooding of underground waste storage tanks and

associated pump systems

Prevent structural failure of the building due to flooding

Fish PierPotential Recommendations (I)


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Fish PierPotential Recommendations (II)


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Conley Terminal


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Conley Terminal - Overview


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Conley Terminal - Vessel Berths


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Conley Terminal Vessel BerthsPotential Recommendations


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Conley TerminalVessel Cranes


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Risk-Based Prioritization


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Probability ofFlooding

Determined based on Inundation Model results

Flooded in more storm scenarios higher probability, higher priority

Consequenceof Flooding

Criticality Score X Occupancy Category

Higher consequencehigher priority

Depth ofFlooding

Further distinguish among assets with

same Probability and Consequence

Higher depthhigher priority

Based on role in

disasterpreparedness,

response, recovery

Based on ASCE/SEI 24-05

Standard for Flood ResistantDesign and Construction

Consequence: Criticality Score


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Description Criticality Score

Assets required for bare-bones

functionalityfor disaster

preparedness, response, and

recovery

3

Assets required for disaster

responsein the immediate

aftermath of a flood event

2

Assets required for facility to

recover to acceptable level of

service

1

Prioritizing Investments

Facility Asset Name(s) Critical FunctionsEstimated

Capital CostsFacility Asset Name(s) Critical Functions

Estimated

Capital Costs


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Capital CostsTIER 1HIGHER PROBABILITY

HIGHER CONSEQUENCEConley Site Switch House Electrical $ 140,000

ConleyWharf Switch Houses No. 1-3, Marine

Operations Center

Electrical $ 254,000

Logan Fire-Rescue II (L79) Public Safety $ 15,000

Logan Marine Fire-Rescure (L85) Public Safety $ 345,000

Logan Wood Island Substation (L02)* Electrical $ 359,000

Logan Porter Street Substation (L41)* Electrical $ 474,000

SUBTOTAL $ 1,587,000

INTERMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE

Fish PierFish Pier Berths, East Building, West Building,

ElectricalMultiple $ 790,000

Conley Berths 11-12 Access $ 500,000

Conley Rubber Tire Gantry Cranes Cargo $ 190,000

Conley Vessel Cranes 1-6 Cargo $ 1,650,000


LOWER CONSEQUENCEConley Interchange Facility Cargo $ -

Conley

Reefer Building and Yard

Electrical

$ 200,000SUBTOTAL $ 200,000

TIER 1 TOTAL $ 4,917,000

TIER 2INTERMEDIATE PROBABILITY

INTERMEDIATE CONSEQUENCEConley Fuel Island and USTs Fuel $ 70,000

SUBTOTAL $ 70,000

LOWER CONSEQUENCEBlack

FalconGangway / FMT Passenger $ 150,000

SUBTOTAL $ 150,000

TIER 2 TOTAL $ 220,000

TIER 3LOWER PROBABILITY

HIGHER CONSEQUENCELogan ATC Tower, Substation, and Generator (L26) Aviation $ 61,000

Logan MPA Administration Building / Boutwell (L25) Administration $ 882,000

Logan Bird Island Flats Substation (L67) Electrical $ 187,000

Logan Airfield Lighting Vault (L66) Aviation $ 296,000

Logan Harborside Substation (L32) Electrical $ 74,000

Conley Gate Switch House Electrical $ 340,000

Logan Logan Office Center (L65) Administration $ 749,000

LoganMPA Pumping Station, Electrical Building,

Generator (L06A/B)Water $ 854,000

Logan State Police & TSA Building (L11) Public Safety $ 822,000

Logan Central Heating Plant / Facilities I (L18) Utilities $ 895,000

Logan Boston EMS Station (L43) Public Safety $ -

Logan Fire-Rescue I (L78) Public Safety $ 426,000


Capital CostsTIER 3LOWER PROBABILITY

INTERMEDIATE CONSEQUENCELogan Facilities II Maintenance $ 278,000

Conley Administration Building, Substation Administration $ 235,000

Logan

BOSFuel Operations Building, Tank Farm,Fuel Island (L46) Fuel $ 503,000

Conley Administration Building Generator Electrical $ 300,000

Black

FalconMain Terminal Building Passenger $ 252,000

LoganTerminal E and West Baggage S creening

Room (L19, L73)Passenger $ 1,356,000

Logan Terminal C (L20-L24) Passenger $ 3,695,000

Logan Terminal A (L31, L32) Passenger $ 827,000

Logan Terminal B (L27, L29) Passenger $ 3,067,000

Logan West Outfall (Bar Screen Building) Drainage $ 13,302,000

Conley Operations Building Maintenance $ 200,000

Conley Massport Police Pro Shop Building Public Safety $ 78,000

Conley Massport Police Main Gate Guard House Public Safety $ 5,000

LoganTunnel T18C (Tunnel Intersection to

Terminal C)

Utilities $ 200,000

Logan Facilities III (L04) Maintenance $ 792,000

Logan North Gate (L44) Public Safety $ 8,000

Logan South Gate Public Safety $ 7,000

SUBTOTAL $ 25,105,000

LOWER CONSEQUENCELogan Fire Training Facility (Hazardous Waste) Environmental $ -

Logan Large Vehicle Storage Building (L15) Maintenance $ 302,000

Logan Water Shuttle Pier (L74) Access $ -

Conley Reefer Substation Electrical $ 800,000

Logan Tunnel T18E (CHP to Terminal E) Utilities $ 194,000

Logan Tunnel T31B (Terminal A to Terminal B) Utilities $ 154,000

Logan Tunnel T18A (Intersection to Terminal A) Utilities $ 170,000

Haul Road Haul Road Sump Pump Drainage $ -

Logan Tunnel T18B (CHP to Intersection) Utilities $ 200,000

Logan

Tunnel T18D (Old CHP Tunnel - PartlyAbandoned)

Utilities

$ 50,000

LoganTunnel T31A (Termina A Main to

Satellite)Utilities $ 132,000


TIER 3 TOTAL $ 32,793,000

TIERS 1-3 TOTAL $ 37,930,000

Probability

Lower Intermediate Higher

Risk Based Prioritization Results


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Lower Intermediate Higher

Consequenc

e

Higher

Logan Airport: ATC Tower, Substation & Generator

Major NSTAR Substations

Airfield Lighting Vault

Data Centers

Central Heating Plant

Water Pumping Station

Police, Fire-Rescue, and EMS Stations

Conley Terminal: Gate Switch House

Logan Airport:

Fire-Rescue Stations 2 & 3

Major NSTAR Substations*

Conley Terminal:

Site Switch House

Wharf Switch Houses 1-3

Intermediate

Logan Airport: Terminals

Fuel Farm Facilities Buildings

Security Gates

Stormwater Drainage Facility

Conley Terminal: Administration & Operations Buildings

Police Facilities

Black Falcon Terminal:

Main Terminal

Conley Terminal: Fuel Island and USTs

Conley Terminal: Berths 11-12

Vessel Cranes 1-6 RTG Cranes

Fish Pier: East Building

Electrical

Berths

Lower

Logan Airport: Utility Tunnels

Large Vehicle Storage Building

Water Shuttle Pier

Conley Terminal:

Reefer Substation

Haul Road: Sump Pump

Black Falcon Terminal: Gangway/FMT

Conley Terminal: Interchange Facility

Reefer Building & Yard

Design Flood Elevations


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Comparison of SLOSH & BH-FRM Flood ElevationsLogan Airport


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Common RecommendationsPedestrian Doors


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Common RecommendationsOverhead Doors


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Common RecommendationsHydrostatic Relief Valve for Slabs


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Common RecommendationsSump Pump System to Remove Water


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Common RecommendationsShut-Off Valve for Sewer and Drainage


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Prevent backflow intoflood-protected areas

Common RecommendationsSeal Electrical Conduits Entering Building


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Common Resiliency RecommendationsTemporary Flood Walls


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New Construction


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New Construction


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Expansion Solutions


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West Garage Expansion


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Existing and New


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Green/Blue Infrastructure


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UMass Boston IGERT Fellows

Potential role of eelgrass beds to increase resiliencyprosand cons

Best type and size of bed to slow storm surges and stabilizesea bottom

Appropriate locations Best management practices for planting and maintenance Environmental factors to consider Other ecosystem services provided by eelgrass

What went wrong last timeenlightened speculation Plan moving forward

Federal:

Monitoring and Engaging in Other Efforts


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Federal: FEMA Flood maps

Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012

EPA Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation

Regional: Climate Leaders Summit

State: MA Legislation Chapter 21 P (CAMP)

EEEA Climate Change Adaptation Advisory Comm.

NGO Climate Adaptation Coalition

Local: BRA Re-modeling FEMA transects

Academia MIT, UMB, NE, UNH

Other: Related Agencies (MBTA, Mass DOT, etc.)

Resiliency Program

Next Steps:


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Near and long-term priorities identified

Cost estimates and capital program planned

Education

Speaker series for lessons learned and best management practices

Invite colleagues from other port authorities, as well as local experts

Technical training for planners, architects and engineers

Create resiliency planning and design standards

Integrate resiliency considerations early into review process

Engage tenants through TAA process

Collaboration Convene task force of internal and external partners to share knowledge, inform plans, and explore

collaborative opportunities

Continued collaboration


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Enhance Operational Resiliency

Update the Continuity of Operations Plan

Engage tenants

Improve airside materials storage practices

Collaborate with Other Agencies

Demonstrate leadership through collaborating with, supporting,

and learning from other complementary transportation entities

Create a Resiliency Task Force Participate in external

committees efforts at federal, state, and local level Sponsor Research/Share Lessons Learned

Questions


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Networking Break


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Massachusetts


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Office of Coastal Zone Management:

Advancing resilience ofcoastal communities and ecosystems

MA CZM Lead policy and planning

agency on coastal and


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ocean issues within EEA

Networked coastal

program

Provide direct support,

coordination, and

technical assistance to

coastal communities

5 CZM regions

Regional Coordinatorsserve as liaisons to locals

Host two National Estuary

Programs

Key CZM program areas

Ocean management


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StormSmart Coasts

Coastal habitat

Water quality Waterfront, port and harbor

planning

Project review

GIS / data management

Ocean management CZM serves as lead agency in

implementing reviewing and


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implementing, reviewing, and

updating the Massachusetts OceanManagement Plan

Comprehensive work to map and

characterize marine habitats

Federal offshore wind process Regional ocean partnerships

Northeast Regional Planning Body

Northeast Regional Ocean Council

Gulf of Maine Council Northeast Regional Association of

Ocean Observing Systems


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StormSmart Coasts Technical information, data, maps,

and decision support tools:


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and decision support tools:

Shoreline change & characterization Sea level rise

Coastal structure inventory

Provide hands-on technical andfinancial assistance to communities

Coastal Community ResilienceGrants

Green Infrastructure for ResilienceGrants

StormSmart Properties fact sheets

Training and workshops

Coastal habitat CZM works to monitor, protect, and

restore coastal habitats and the


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essential services they provide Project to examine vulnerability ofsalt marshes to SLR; model scenariosand forecast effects

Provide Coastal Pollutant RemediationGrants for local coastal water qualityrestoration and boat pump-outs

Work with MassDEP & UMass on

developing and implementing coastalwetland habitat assessment methods

Monitor marine invasive species;emphasis on detecting new invasions


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For more information:

mass.gov/czm/

Massachusetts Office of Coastal

Zone Management: Planning and


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Marc Carullo

GIS / Environmental Analyst

MA CZM



g g

Resiliency Efforts

Modeling Sea Level Rise in Coastal Wetlands:Predicted Impacts and Implications for Management in Massachusetts


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Marc Carullo

Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management

Photo credit: Mike McHugh, MassDEP

Coastal Wetlands

Salt marsh

Intertidal emergent wetland dominated by grasses


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Intertidal emergent wetland dominated by grasses,

forbs, and shrubs that are tolerant to salinity rangesfrom moderate to that of sea water (18-30 ppt).

Brackish marsh

Intertidal emergent wetland dominated by grasses,

forbs, and shrubs that are tolerant to salinities from

slight to moderate (0.5 to 18 ppt).

Mass. Coastal Watersheds

USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service

Salt Marsh Ecosystem Services

Flood Protection


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Flood Protection

Erosion Control

Wildlife Habitat

Commercial Fisheries

Water Quality

Recreation

Carbon Sequestration

USFWS

Salt Marsh Status & Trends


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Photo: National Park Service

Photo: National Park Service

Photo: Bertness LabBrown University


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Project Goals

1 Id tif t ti l h t tl d t lt f l l i


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1. Identify potential changes to wetland types as a result of sea level rise.

2. Identify barriers to and opportunities for landward marsh migration.

3. Communicate results via web-based maps, reports, and workshops.

4. Explore adaptation strategies to address potential SLR impacts to

coastal wetlands.

5. Establish a network of long-term monitoring stations to measure

impacts of sea level rise and potential marsh migration.

Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model(SLAMM), Version 6.2

Simulates the dominant processes involved in


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p

wetland conversions and shoreline modificationsduring long-term SLR.Warren Pinnacle Consulting, Inc.

*Data from NOAA Office for Coastal Management

Current MHHW* Current MHHW + 6 ft SLR*

North and South

Rivers in Marshfield

and Scituate


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SLAMM 6 2

Additional model inputs

Digital Elevation Model

(lidar-derived)

Model Inputs


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Additional model inputs

Dam locations Dam crest elevations

SLR historic trend

Beach sedimentation rate

Freshwater Parameters (flow, etc.)

Wetland Map Data

Impervious Surface

Erosion Rates (horizontal)

Accretion Rates (vertical)

GD Tide Range (MHHW-MLLW)

Salt Elevation (+ MTL)

Marsh Equilibrium Model(MEM) accretion rates*

*For select areas

SLAMM-MEM Pilot Site


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Compare 2 m and 5 m grids

Parameter Sensitivity Analysis

Elevation Uncertainty Analysis

SLAMM

Statewide


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Time Variable Accretion

DRAFT


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DRAFT


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DRAFT


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DRAFT


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DRAFT


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DRAFT


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Barriers to (and opportunities for) marsh migration


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2070High SLR w/MEM

Draft Pilot


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Legend

Transitional Marsh/Scrub Shrub

Reguarly Flooded Marsh

Irregularly Flooded Marsh

2070High SLR w/MEM

Draft Pilot


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Legend




Impervious Surface

2070High SLR w/MEM

Draft Pilot


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Legend

Coastal Structure




Impervious Surface

2070High SLR w/MEM

Draft Pilot


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Legend

Coastal Structure




Impervious Surface

SlopeHigh : 60.5003

Low : 0

2070High SLR w/MEM

Draft Pilot


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Legend

Coastal Structure




Impervious Surface

Assessor Parcels

SlopeHigh : 60.5003

Low : 0

Anticipated OutcomesOutreach and Education

Public outreach and education on the fate of coastal wetlands using the


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Public outreach and education on the fate of coastal wetlands using the

latest SLR projections and local data.

Better integration of salt marshes into CZMs StormSmart Coasts program.


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Anticipated OutcomesRestoration

Determination of priority coastal wetland restoration areas.


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Determination of priority coastal wetland restoration areas.

Information to assess future objectives in ecological restoration.


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Anticipated OutcomesSpecies and habitat conservation

Comparison or update of the coastal adaptation analysis used in BioMap2.


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Saltmarsh Sparrow nest

Photo credit: David Johnson

Saltmarsh Sparrow

Illustration credit:

Massachusetts Audubon Society

Potential habitat loss due

to high marsh conversionto low marsh or tidal flat.

Saltmarsh Sparrow

Anticipated Outcomes

Land Management


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Identification of sites for land acquisition,

conservation restrictions, and/or changes

in land management practices.

Improved management of hardened coastal

structures (proposal, maintenance, or removal).

CZM Grant Programs(1) Coastal Community Resilience and (2) Green Infrastructure

Municipal Coastal Resiliency Plans*Ipswich River Watershed Association and National Wildlife Federation

Restoring Resiliency to the Great Marsh*Various partners

*USFWS Hurricane Sandy Recovery Projects

Anticipated OutcomesEmerging Concept: Blue Carbon Market

Massachusetts Global Warming Solutions Act


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Clean Energy and Climate Plan for 2020 Update

Bringing Wetlands to Market initiative

InVEST Blue Carbon Model

Aboveground

living biomass

Belowground

biomass

Soil Soil

Adapted from The Blue Carbon Initiatives Coastal Blue Carbon: Methods for assessing

Set up 20-40 salt marsh monitoring stations

Marsh Migration Monitoring


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statewide based on model results andstakeholder participation.

Track the movement of plant community

structure, especially in the marsh-upland

ecotone.

Collect physical data on hydroperiod, surfaceelevation, relative vertical accretion/erosion,

and soil characteristics.*

*Possible addition at select sites


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[email protected]

Massachusetts Office of Coastal

Zone Management: Planning and

7/21/2019 4-29-15 M

Documents

4-29-15 MASTER EBC Ocean and Coastal Resources Program - Coastal Resiliency and Marine Spatial Planning