3rd Six Weeks Exam Review - ESC 2 · PDF file3rd Six Weeks Exam Review ... the primary limiting factor? F elevation G space H food source J moisture ... J open ocean 41

3rd Six Weeks Exam Review


Questions for your 3rd six weeks exam will be taken from these question. Due to the large number of questions, not all of these will be on the exam. Make sure you understand the question and why the answer reviewed is correct.

Man in Space Assessment Questions 9-27

9

What work of Sir Isaac Newton

helped others to understand and overcome the obstacles of

modern space travel.

A The laws of Planetary motion.

B The discovery of gravity.

C The invention of

electromagnetism.

D The construction of simple rockets.

10

The floating sensation

astronauts experience while in a space environment is due to –

F zero gravity.

G microgravity.

H gravity.

J loss of gravity.


11

Which statement best describes the effect of microgravity on an astronaut’s bone health?

A The amount of physical stress on bones increases, resulting in bone

deterioration.

B The amount of physical stress on bones decreases, resulting in an increase in bone density.

C The amount of physical stress on bones increases, resulting in an

increase in bone density.

D The amount of physical stress on bones decreases, resulting in bone

loss.


12

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of the model?

F size of the Sun

G size of the planets

H distances between planets

J number of planets

13

How can a model of the solar system be used in planning a

trip from Earth to another planet?

A To estimate distance, travel

time and fuel cost.

B To anticipate the frequency and occurrence of

meteorites and other objects

in space.

C To map flight plans that avoid solar flare-ups and

solar winds.

D To predict possible emergencies astronauts

may encounter during space travels.


15

The insulated feature of spacesuit layers are designed to

-

A protect from radiation.

B trap excessive CO2.

C regulate temperature.

D provide pure O2.

14

How does the space suit

backpack help astronauts breathe in a space environment?

F It maintains air pressure to keep bodily fluids from

boiling.

G It provides pure O2 for inhaling and canisters to

collect CO2.

H It stabilizes an internal

temperature of 22◦C (72◦ F).

J It collects urine and solid wastes.

16

Why do astronauts wear space

suits in swimming pools before participating in manned space

explorations?

F It allows them to work in a frictionless environment.

G Gravity of water is similar

to microgravity of space.

H The load of the backpack is

lightened by water, allowing astronauts to more

easily practice space tasks.

J Wearing a spacesuit in water simulates the

weightlessness of space.

17

How does pressure in the astronaut’s space suit help the

body work?

A The suit forces blood to certain parts of the body to

counteract the absence of

gravity.

B The suit acts as an external pacemaker to regulate the

heartbeat.

C The suit regulates gas exchange between the

oxygen pack and the astronaut.

D The suit monitors the

amount of O2 to CO2 in the blood.


18

All of the following are ways that atmosphere makes the existence of life on Earth possible EXCEPT -

F It shields the Earth from collisions.

G It offers protection from radiation.

H It maintains a constant temperature.

J It allows for gas exchange between plants and animals.

19

When NASA sends probes to distant planets they will normally go to another planet first, even though the probe will not collect any data from the first

planet. Why do they do this?

A To take pictures of both planets

B To make the trip longer

C To shorten the trip using the first planet’s gravity to slingshot the

satellite.

D NASA does not do this.


20

What is the correct term for the speed and direction a rocket

must travel to break away

completely from a planet’s gravitational pull?

F escape velocity

G terminal velocity

H orbital velocity

J maximum velocity

21

What will happen to a spacecraft that is traveling faster than

orbital velocity?

A It will not reach orbit.

B It will fall back to Earth.

C It will move away from

Earth.

D It will orbit in an elliptical pattern.

22

Which of the following accommodations that allow space exploration are required by the astronauts shown below as they work outside the International

Space Station?

F water

G gravity

H oxygen

J heat protection


23

Spacecraft carrying humans

must land safely. Which of these must a spacecraft carrying

humans do to land safely?

A It must slow down.

B It must use a parachute.

C It must land in the water.

D It must land on a runway.

25

What will happen to the human

body without air pressure?

A It will shrink.

B It will expand.

C It will remain the same.

D It will keep its shape but get

bigger.

24

How does an astronaut on a

space walk communicate with astronauts in the spacecraft?

F using sign language

G by cellular phone

H through radio waves from Earth

J through a radio transmitter

and receiver


26

On a space mission, the gravitational environment can negatively affect the

bone density of astronauts. Which accommodation will most likely protect the bone health of the crew on a space mission?

F Drinking extra fluids.

G Eating more calories.

H Wearing protective clothing while inside the space vehicle.

J Engaging in a daily routine using exercise equipment.

27

Which of the following spacecraft is designed to carry humans into space?

A

B

C

D


Biomes, Biodiversity and Sustainability Assessment Questions 21-41

21

Which ecosystem has a better

chance of surviving when environmental conditions

change?

A One with a great deal of genetic diversity.

B One with plants and animals

but no bacteria.

C One with animals and bacteria but no plants.

D One with little or no genetic diversity.

22

Why do plants that grow in the

tundra have shallow root systems?

F They have no soil in which

to grow.

G They cannot grow through the permafrost.

H They are frequently soaked

by heavy rains.

J They are trampled each

time animals migrate.


25 Where would you most likely find the

greatest variety and numbers of

animal life?

A on a newly mowed lawn

B close to a pond with rocks, water

and several types of plants

C in the center of a pond

D next to a paved surface

24 Complete this statement. The

more diverse an ecosystem is -

F the more threatened its

populations are

G the more similar the species

will be

H the more stable it is

J the fewer varieties of species

are present

26 Deforestation, pollution, and

over hunting can result in -

F increase in biodiversity

G decrease in biodiversity

H no effect on biodiversity

J a state of equilibrium

23 Scientists classify climates and

biomes based on -

A latitude and longitude

B latitude and elevation

C temperature and rainfall

D temperature and altitude


27

Which of the following would be true about an ecosystem with plenty of light and water?

A The ecosystem will contain a lot of the same type of producer.

B The ecosystem will have a hard time sustaining any consumers.

C The ecosystem will contain too many consumers.

D The ecosystem will contain a lot of and a variety of producers.

28 A good adaptation for living in a

grassland would be -

F the ability to hibernate

G the ability of plants to grow

very high to reach the sunlight

H thick, insulating fur

J the ability of plants to grow

after prairie fires

29 Which of the following situations

contributes to stability in an

ecosystem?

A increase in biodiversity

B decrease in biodiversity

C extinction of a population

from the ecosystem

D removal of many populations

of organisms


31 A canopy, an understory, and an

extremely high number of plant

and animal species are

characteristics of which biome?

A temperate rain forest

B deciduous forest

C desert

D tropical rain forest

33 The picture shows organisms from

one of the major biomes on Earth.

Which biome are all of these

organisms able to live in?

A tropical rainforest

B tundra

C ocean

D desert

30 Plants have a hard time living in a

desert. Which of the following is

the primary limiting factor?

F elevation

G space

H food source

J moisture

32 Some desert animals are most

active at dusk and dawn. This adaptation is MOST helpful for -

F preying on plant species

G finding new water sources

H avoiding high temperatures

J hiding from hungry animals


34 Abiotic factors that could affect

the stability of an ecosystem

could include:

F hurricanes, packs of wolves,

and temperature

G blizzards, heat waves, and

swarms of grasshoppers

H droughts, floods, and heat

waves

J fish, number of

decomposers, and algae

36 Which ecosystem has a better

chance of surviving when

environmental conditions change

over a long period of time?

F one with a great deal of

genetic diversity

G one with plants and animals

but no bacteria

H one with animals and

bacteria but no plants

J one with little or no genetic

diversity

35 How is a tundra biome similar to a

desert biome?

A Both biomes have dry, rocky

soils.

B Both biomes lack plants or

animals.

C Both biomes are hot during the

day and cold at night.

D Both biomes are characterized

by very little precipitation.

37 Which example represents an

abiotic factor in an aquatic

ecosystem.

A Water lilies float on top of a

pond.

B A population of bass is living in

a lake.

C The pH of a lake is decreased

by acid rain.

D Dragonflies feed on small

insects near a pond.


38 Base your answer to the following question on the graph below.

If the environment was to change dramatically, or a new plant disease were

to break out, which plant type would most likely survive?

F wild wheat

G domestic wheat

H wild corn

J domestic corn

39

What is one way that a temperate rain forest is different from a temperate deciduous forest?

A A temperate rain forest has large populations of grasses rather than

tall trees.

B A temperate rain forest is made up of palm trees rather than coniferous trees.

C A temperate rain forest has a rainy season rather than year round

rainfall.

D A temperate rain forest has trees that that lose their leaves in winter rather than keeping them year-round.


40 Which of the following is an

example of a marine ecosystem?

F pond

G river

H wetland

J open ocean

41

The diagram below shows interactions between different animals in an

ecosystem.

What type of ecosystem might be represented by the above diagram?

A ocean

B desert

C wetland

D arctic tundra


Succession Activity Questions 34-48

34 Which of these types of

environments experiences the

LEAST change in the total number

and type of species over time?

A an ecosystem with only pioneer

species

B an ecosystem that is in primary

succession

C an ecosystem that is in

secondary succession

D an ecosystem with a climax

community

35 Which plant characteristics are

common to pioneer species?

F plants with roots that act as

wedges to slowly break apart

rocks

G plants with long, thick roots that

tap into deep water supplies

H trees with exposed surface roots

that trap soil and vegetation

J plants with a broad mat of

surface roots that quickly soaks

up water

36 A hurricane hits a coastal prairie and

destroys the habitat. Years later there is an appearance of small

plants with rapidly spreading roots

on newly formed coastal sand dunes. (hint: it is a newly formed

ecosystem). This vegetation describes—

A a microhabitat

B primary succession

C secondary succession

D biodiversity

37 What is the relationship between

ecological succession and

equilibrium in an ecosystem?

F Ecological succession helps

maintain equilibrium in an

ecosystem.

G Ecological succession prevents

ecosystems from ever reaching

equilibrium.

H There is no relationship between

ecological succession and

equilibrium.

J Ecological succession and

equilibrium are the same thing.


38

The diagrams above show an ecosystem during different stages of

ecological succession.

In which order will these stages occur, from earliest to latest?

A 4, 2, 1, 3

B

1, 2, 3, 4

C

3, 1, 4, 2

D

2, 4, 3, 1

39 Some ranchers use controlled fires to rid their grazing lands of unwanted plants.

These ranchers keep their land in early stages of succession and in a state of

equilibrium that is best for their livestock. Which of these kinds of plants would

MOST LIKELY be some of the first plants found growing in a pasture after fire?

F trees

G grasses

H ferns

J mosses


41 Lava from an underwater volcano piles up over many years. Eventually, the pile

of lava sticks up above the ocean surface, forming a new island. To show that

succession is occurring on the island, it would be MOST helpful for a scientist to

measure changes in —

F average temperature

G day length

H annual precipitation

J soil depth

40

The figure above shows the same ecosystem in Texas at two different times.

Which of the following MOST likely caused the change of species shown in the

figure?

A development of a parking lot

B passing through of a glacier

C preservation of habitat

D occurrence of a forest fire


42 A non-native plant is introduced into a diverse, mature ecosystem in equilibrium.

Assuming that the non-native plant has no natural enemies and that it thrives in

the ecosystem, how will it affect the community?

A The native species will become more like the new plant.

B The number of native species will decrease.

C The number of native species will not be affected at all.

D The native species will become extinct

43 A non-native animal is introduced into a diverse, mature ecosystem in equilibrium.

Assuming that the non-native animal has no natural enemies and that it thrives in

the ecosystem, how will it affect the community?

F Only the plants would be affected.

G The entire ecosystem would be affected.

H Only the animals would be affected.

J There would be no effect.


44 Which of these types of environments is MOST LIKELY to

experience the arrival of a pioneer

species?

A an old growth forest

B an undisturbed prairie

C an established mountain lake

D a newly formed volcanic island

46 Which of the following sequences MOST likely represents ecological succession

on a recently abandoned farm?

A grasses flowering plants shrubs maple trees

B maple trees shrubs flowering plants grasses

C shrubs grasses maple trees flowering plants

D flowering plants maple trees shrubs grasses

45 Why does secondary succession

occur faster than primary

succession?

F Fewer changes must occur in

secondary succession.

G There are more pioneer species

in secondary succession.

H The environmental conditions

are more extreme in primary

succession.

J There are more trophic levels in

secondary succession.


47 Pioneer species such as lichen and moss inhabit an area after a major

disturbance, such as a volcanic eruption. Over time, other species are found in

the disturbed area, and the number of pioneer species decreases.

Why does the number of pioneer species decrease?

F The amount of available sunlight is reduced. The pioneer species can no

longer thrive.

G The area has more soil to support complex plants. The competition decreases

the pioneer species role.

H The area is more susceptible to the wind. Seeds are captured in the pioneer

plants and germinate at a higher rate.

J The temperature is not as extreme as it was following the disturbance. Fewer

of the pioneer species reproduce.


48 A flower bed is created at a school so flowers can be planted in the Fall.

Over the summer it is uncared for. Which of the following could the

students expect to find when they come back to school?

A

B

C

D


Exploring Levels of Organization Questions 41-49

41 The food that you eat travels from your mouth, down your esophagus, into your

stomach, and through your small and large intestines. As the food passes

through your body, it is digested, and you get important nutrients from the food.

Which of the following is the correct term used to describe a group of body parts

working together to perform a specific function?

A an organism

B a tissue

C an organ system

D an organ

42 Living things are made up of cells. Cells are organized at different levels to form

very complex living organisms like your body. Each level has a specific job to

perform. Which of the following lists these levels in the correct order of

organization from the simplest to the most complex?

F cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

G organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell

H tissue, cell, organ, organism, organ system

J organ, organ system, organism, cell, tissue


43 All of the following are true except –

A Skin is an organ.

B Tissues are made up of organs.

C Each organ is made up of its own

kind of tissue.

D Tissues are made up of cells.

44 All of the following are types of

tissue except –

F muscle

G epithelial

H the stomach

J connective

45 Which of the following is a

characteristic shared by all organisms?

A All organisms are made up of

at least one cell

B All organisms are made up of

tissues.

C All organisms have organ

systems.

D All organisms can use

photosynthesis.

46 What is represented in the diagram?

F a cell

G a tissue

H an organ

J an organ system


49 The liver is an important part of the

digestive system. Which of the following levels of organization can

be found in the liver?

I. cell

II. tissue III. organ

IV. organ system V. organism

A I

B I & II

C III & IV

D IV & V

47 A cactus is covered with a waxy

layer to prevent water loss. Which type of tissue is this?

A nervous

B skeletal

C protective

D connective

48 The diagram shows parts of the

human body. These parts work together to help you digest the food

you eat.

Which term describes what you see

in the diagram?

F cell

G tissue

H organ

J organ system

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3rd Six Weeks Exam Review - ESC 2 · PDF file3rd Six Weeks Exam Review ... the primary limiting factor? F elevation G space H food source J moisture ... J open ocean 41