35c9Biofuel From Algae(Edited)

8/3/2019 35c9Biofuel From Algae(Edited)..

1/36

BIOFUELFROMALGAEBy Sanket Gawali

(TYEPS)


2/36

SCOPEOFPAPER

Need Of alternative Energy sources

Classification of energy

Disadvantages of diesel & Advantages of biofuel

3 generations of biofuel

Introduction to algae fuels

Oil yield capacity

Cultivation of Microalgae species

Harvesting

Indian steps towards oilgae

Conclusion

Why oilgae as future fuel ?


3/36

NEED OFALTERNATIVE ENERGYSOURCES

60% of total energy resources already used by usin last 200yrs.

Remaining 40% will last few decades only.

Formation of fossil fuel takes million yrs Again the shortage of energy comes in picture.

Thus we are going face energy crisis in the future.

The only way to get out of it , is to introduce

alternate methods using renewable sources.


4/36

CLASSIFICATIONOFENERGY

Traditional

Non RenewableEnergy

Alternative

Oil

Gas

Coal

Renewable Energy

Solar

Wind

Hydro

Ocean

Geothermal

Biomass

ENERGY SOURCE

Gas Hydrates

Nuclear

Oil Shale

Tar Sands


5/36

Disadvantages of diesel

CostDue to limited sources cost is huge

Environment

Gives out harmful gases when utilized

MessinessIt is un-hygiene fuel ,leads to black

smoke

NoiseMore noisy resulting in sound pollution


6/36

ADVANTAGESOFBIOFUEL

Clean energy.

Decays naturally in few days.

No harmful gases when utilized.

Hygiene fuel in terms of cleanliness. Can be used in diesel cars without any much

changes.

Improves mileage & life of engine of car.


7/36

3 GENERATIONSOFBIOFUEL

'First-generation

biofuel was made from sugar,starch, vegetable oil, or animal fats using

conventional technology.

Second generation biofuels was made from non food crops

THIRD GENERATION

SOLAR BIOFUEL is a biofuel fromalgae
http://www.odec.ca/projects/2008/krol8a2/images/biofuels1.jpghttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.odec.ca/projects/2008/krol8a2/images/biofuels3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.odec.ca/projects/2008/krol8a2/biofuels.htm&usg=__8s9BV9XVeY0KMjoIIBc5udMgbnk=&h=358&w=537&sz=58&hl=en&start=18&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=u3vWNoD6wEcs8M:&tbnh=88&tbnw=132&prev=/images?q=GENERATIONS+OF+biofuels&um=1&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1


8/36

FIRSTGENERATION

First-generation biofuels were

made from sugar, starch, vegetable oil or animal fats

using conventional technology.

The basic feedstocks for the production of firstgeneration biofuels are wheat, or sunflower seeds.

It has been criticized for diverting food away fromthe human food chain, leading to food shortagesand price rises.


9/36

SECONDGENERATION

Second-generation biofuel

implementation from non-food crops.

These include waste biomass, the stalks of wheat,

corn, wood. Does not divert food away from the animal or

human food chain.

This feedstock is abundant, but in some cases itself

a significant disposal problem.


10/36

THIRDGENERATIONOFBIOFUEL

Algae fuel, also called oilgae is

biofuel from algae.

Algae are low-input, high-yield feedstock toproduce biofuels.

Relies on the fact that some algae naturally

produce oil and this can be collected without killingthe algae.


11/36

Advantages

superior yields

not directly affecting the humanfood chain

grown in places that are notsuitable for agriculture

enhanced efficiencies orreduction in cost

Difficulties

The problem of course is indeveloping technologiesthat will enable this kind ofbiofuel to be more costeffective to make.

Third Generation Biofuels

Algae pilot plant in U.K.


12/36

BIOFUELS

Substitute forpetrodieselBiodiesel

Subsitute forgasolineEthanol

Less common types: Biobutanol Synfuel


13/36

INTRODUCTIONTOALGAEFUELS

Microalgae

Contains oil Processed for biodiesel production

Macroalgae

Composed of starch and cellulose Processed for ethanol production

What are algae?

They are basic from plant kingdom.Divided further into :


14/36

Algae


15/36

WHYALGAEENERGYCANBEAFUTUREFUEL?

Grown under conditions which are unsuitable for conventional

crop production.Micro-algae are the fastest growing photosynthesizingorganisms.

Under optimum growing conditions micro-algae are reportedto produce up to 15,000 gallons of oil/acre/year.


16/36

Capable of fixing CO2 in the atmosphere, which arenow considered a global problem.

Algae biofuel is non-toxic, contains no sulfur, and ishighly biodegradable.



17/36


Algae fuels

Higher oil yieldLesser landrequirement

food vs. fuel

Range of products

Adaptability

WWT & CO2

capture


18/36

WHYALGAEENERGYCANBEAFUTUREFUEL?HIGHEROILYIELD

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Soybeans Sunflower Canola Jathropha Palm Oil Microalgae

Oil yields(barrels/ha-yr)


19/36

Crop Average oil yield

(L/hectare)

Castor 1,413

Sunflower 952

Safflower 779

Palm 5,950

Soybean 446

Coconut 2,689

Algae 100,000


20/36

Additional features of algae energy- Solid waste from algae energy can be severed as

feed for cattle.

Extracted proteins can be used in human food

chain. As it is a low cost waste water treatments.



21/36

CULTIVATIONOFMICROALGAESPECIES

Cultivation is mainly done in-

Open systems

Closed systems

also known asPhoto-bioreactor


22/36

Algae Cultivation Open pond / Racewaypond


23/36

ADVANTAGESOFOPENPONDS

Less initial cost

Simple construction

Almost no electrical power

required Easy install in remote areas


24/36

Mal-odour in the ponds. Due to lack of oxygen.

Open ponds can get contaminated.

Control in aeration

Efficient and energy intensive mixing

Loss of water due to evaporation Too much sunlight can kill algae. So it is essential to control the

amount of sunlight falling on the algae cultivation area

Light penetration and problem of shading

Mare likely to get effected by diseases.

CHALLENGESINCULTIVATIONOF ALGAEINOPENPONDS

C (A


25/36

CLOSEDSYSTEMS(ALSOREFERREDASPHOTOBIOREACTORS)

TubularPBR

Flat plate PBR


26/36

THE CIRCUIT OF INSTALLATION OF A BIOREACTOR


27/36

Greenhouse CO2 absorber

Horizontal mode Vertical mode


28/36


29/36

Provide fast growth of algae with the high contents of oil. Economy of space..

The reactor considerably reduces expenditures of labor

The system can work during long periods of time

Light in a reactor is taken as much as it considerably increases itsproductivity.

The bioreactor is equipped with convenient system of self-cleaning thatreduces its pollution.

Reactors represent closed, controlled, automated systems of continuousaction that allows to support hygiene of cultures in easier way.

Ecological parameters of system also easily give in to management.

The size of a reactor is not limited.

The Advantages Of A PhotoBioreactor


30/36

30

Harvested Algae Biofuel Energy Model(HABEM)


31/36

A Detailed Process of Biodiesel from Algae:


32/36

Solar biofuel type

Indian steps towards oilgae


33/36

Indian oil is the 18th largest petroleum company in the world, and iscurrently Indias largest company by sales.

PetroAlgae has signed an agreement to license its technology for producingand harvesting algae for fuel to Indian Oil

Indian steps towards use of oilgae


34/36

CONCLUSION

So that days are so Snot far when almost all cars inworld will run on bio fuel which is obtain from highlyefficient source- algae

And soon we will have a eco friendly drive

Thus helping us to take one more step towardsmaking human activities more friendly with motherearth


35/36

REFERENCE

www.oilgae.com

www.greekwise.com

www.earth4energy.com

eBook- Oilgae Digest
http://www.oilgae.com/http://www.greekwise.com/http://www.earth4energy.com/http://www.earth4energy.com/http://www.greekwise.com/http://www.oilgae.com/


36/36

Cleanliness Eco-friendlyness isnext to godliness

Documents

35c9Biofuel From Algae(Edited)