Biodiesel From algae

NAVEEN KUMAR7th Semester, B-Tech

Department of Chemical Engineering,Institute Of Engineering And

Technology Lucknow 226021

Nov 10, 2016

Outline• Algae and Biodiesel.• Algae Cultivation:

◦ Open Pond.◦ Photo bioreactor.

• Oil collection and refining. Pressing oil from the algae. Chemical oil extraction. super critical oil extraction.

• How to produce Biodiesel.• Advantage and Drawback of biodiesel . • Conclusion.

Algae and Biodiesel

• Algae is a informal term for large, diverse group of photosynthetic organisms or in other words ,large collection of micro-level aquatic plants.

• Algae Biodiesel is a good replacement for standard crop Biodiesels like soy and canola

• Up to 70% of algae biomass is usable oils• Algae does not compete for land and space with other

agricultural crops• Algae can survive in water of high salt content and use water

that was previously deemed unusable

Storing the Sun’s Energy: (Photosynthesis);

• What is neededi.Sunlightii.Carbon dioxideiii.Nutrients • Storage of Energyi.Lipids and oilsii.Carbohydrates

What affects oil production?

• Supply of carbon dioxide .• Temperature .• Water flow rate .• Sunlight conditions .• Supply of nutrients .• Selected Algae strain .• Cold weather reduces algae oil production.• Overcast days reduce sunlight and lower oil

production

1. Open Pond System

Algae Cultivation:

• Low costs

• Easy to operate and maintain

• High contamination risk

• Lots of water and space required

2. Closed Photo Bioreactors

• High productivity.• High surface area.• Turbulent flow.• more expensive.

1. Pressing oil from the algae

Oil Collection And Refining

• Dry the algae and press the oil from it.• Can retrieve up to 70% of the oil.• While drying must prevent the algae from becoming

contaminated.• It is the cheapest and simplest method.

2 .Chemical oil extraction

• Use hexane solvent to remove the oil.• Benzene could also be used.• Must be careful when using. • About 95% of total oil present in algae could be

extracted.

3.Super critical oil extraction

• Most efficient method.• Equipment need special containment and pressure.• Uses carboncarbon dioxide at critical pressure and temperature• Rapid diffusion of oil.

How to produce biodiesel :

The transesterification is the reversible reaction of fat or oil (which is composed of triglyceride)with an alcohol to form fatty acid ,alkyl ester and glycerol.

Advantage and drawback of biodieselAdvantage:- Higher oil yield .- Algae Biodiesel contains no Sulphur , and so it doesn’t contribute to acid rain formation.- Algae biodiesel is non toxic .- As the biodiesel is derived from biomass ,it doesn’t contribute to atmospheric CO2 emission. Drawback:-Biodiesel is significantly more expensive as compare to standard diesel.-Pure Biodiesel has significant problems with low temperature .-Need to be grown under controlled temperature conditions .

Conclusion• Biodiesel may reduce the Global warming.• It can play a Important roll for developing nations• Algae is a very efficient means of producing biodiesel.• Further research necessary to unlock full potential of

algae.

Thank you for your attention !

Contact Address:Naveen kumar IET, Lucknow 226021mailto:naveenkumarpipal@gmail.com