3.5.3 Responses in the Human – Nervous System

Follow-Me – iQuiz

Q. True or False. Motor neurons conduct impulses towards the central nervous system.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

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Q. What is a neuron?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Briefly explain the role of neurotransmitter substances.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

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Q. State a function for the Myelin sheath.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

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Q. Give a function of dendrites.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What is a sensory neuron?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. State a function for Schwann cells.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

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Q. What is the central nervous system?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. TRUE or FALSE. A motor neuron carries impulses to the brain.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What is peripheral nervous system?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What is a motor neuron?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Give one way in which a nervous response differs from a hormonal response.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. State one function of the cerebrum of the brain.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

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Q. What is grey matter?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What are interneurons or association neurons?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. State one function of the hypothalamus of the brain.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What is white matter?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. State one function of the cerebellum of the brain.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What term is used for glands that secrete hormones?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. State one function of the medulla oblongata of the brain.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Name the small gaps between neurons.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Neurons produce neurotransmitter substances. What is their function?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Give an example of a reflex action in humans.

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Why are reflex actions important in humans?

Brain and spinal cord

Cell bodies of neurons; Few axons; Little myelin

Faster; Shorter-lived; Electrical in nature

Fast response; Defence against injury

FALSE

Knee-jerk

Involuntary muscle control

Insulation; Protection; Speeds impulse

Homeostasis; Endocrine function

Many axons; Much myelin; Few cell bodies

Nerve cell

Nerve that carries impulse from receptor towards CNS

Nerves leading to and from CNS; Nerves not in CNS

Nerves that link two neurons

Language; Reason; Senses; Memory;

Intelligence

TRUE

Receives and carries impulses to the cell body

Produces myelin sheath

Synaptic cleft; Synapse

Carries impulse across synaptic cleft, triggers

impulse in next neuron

Movement; Balance; Coordination

Carry impulse across synapse

Nerve that carries impulse away from CNS to effector

Endocrine

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