2.2.6 Movement through Cell Membranes

Follow-Me – iQuiz

Q. Water enters the outermost cells of the root by osmosis. What does this tell you about the cell sap of these outermost

cells?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Osmosis has been described as a special case of diffusion. Explain why.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What is meant by a selectively permeable membrane?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Give locations in a cell at which there is a selectively permeable membrane.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What is diffusion?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Why is diffusion alternatively known as passive transport?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Explain the biological basis for the use of high sugar or high salt concentrations in the preservation of food.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What did you use as the selectively permeable membrane in your investigation of osmosis?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What is active transport?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Name two substances that enter a human muscle cell by diffusion.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Suggest an advantage to the cell of having a selectively permeable membrane.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Explain the term turgor.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Give an example of osmosis in plants.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Name a substance found in a plant cell vacuole.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Give a feature of a plant cell that allows it to remain turgid for long periods.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. True or False. Plant cell walls are fully permeable.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Water for photosynthesis enters the roots of plants by what process?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Suggest a way in which turgor is of value to plants.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Name the terms used in biology to describe the movement of substances through cell membranes.

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What process is responsible for the uptake of minerals in a plant?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. What is meant by osmoregulation?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Where precisely does water enter a plant?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. The drooping of the leaves of a plant resulting from loss of turgidity due to lack of water is known as …

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. In which tissue does water ascend through the plant?

Active transport

Chloroplast; Mitochondrion; Nucleus; Vacuole

Lower water concentration; Higher solute concentration

FALSE

Diffusion; Osmosis; Active transport

No energy (ATP) required

Movement of water along a concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Movement of molecules from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient using energy

Oxygen; Glucose; Water; Amino acids; Phosphate; Iron

Root hairs

Support

Vacuole; Cell wall; Cell sap

Visking tubing

Osmosis

Xylem

Water; Sugar; Sap; Salt(s); Protein

Water movement between cells or from soil to root

Wilting

Allowing some substances to pass through

Pressure of cell contents on cell wall

Bacteria lose water by osmosis, this leads to inactivity or death

Substances can be allowed or prevented in or out

Controlling the water/salt balance within an organism

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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