31.4 Immunity and Technology

Living in a clean environment and building immunity help keep a person healthy.

31.4 Immunity and Technology

Antiseptics kill pathogens outside of the body.

– do not target specific pathogens– cause pathogen to burst– ex. soap, rubbing alcohol

31.4 Immunity and Technology

Antibiotics kill pathogens inside the body

– target one specific bacterium or fungus– cause pathogen to burst– not effective against viruses

31.4 Immunity and Technology

Antibiotic resistance can cause medicines

to become ineffective.

A bacterium carriesgenes for antibioticresistance on a plasmid.

A copy of the plasmid is transferredthrough conjugation.

Resistance is quicklyspread throughmany bacteria.

Caused by: • misuse or overuse of antibiotics• Use in livestock feed• Antibacterial soaps

31.4 Immunity and Technology

Vaccines control pathogens and disease– given to prevent illness– produce artificial immunity– contain the antigen of a weakened pathogen

*NO evidence that vaccines cause autism!

31.4 Immunity and Technology

Community Immunity-Everyone is protected if a large % of people are vaccinated. (80-95%)

People may opt out• Personal Beliefs• Medical Reasons