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Guidelines to Project Proponentsfor Preparation of EIA Report

SEAC, Gujarat

1. Dr. K. U. Mistry - Chairman

2. Shri C. N. Pandey - Vice-chairman

3. Dr. M. I. Patel - Member

4. Shri T. P. Singh - Member

5. Shri Bharat Jain - Member

6. Shri Hardik Shah - Secretary

State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC),Gujarat Pollution Control Board, “Paryavaran Bhavan”,

Sector 10-A, Gandhinagar - 382010, Gujarat

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Preface

The Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, vide

its Notification No. S.O. 1533 dated 14-09-2006, reengineered the EIA

process in India and also decentralized some powers and made provision to

constitute the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority

(SEIAA) and the State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) for

performing functions under the said Notification.

For the Gujarat State, the SEIAA and SEAC were constituted vide

the MoEF, GOI, Notification No. S.O.948 (E) dated 12-06-2007 and the

Gujarat State, Forests and Environment Dept. Resolution No. ENV/10.2006/176/P dated

25/07/2007. The SEIAA and SEAC in Gujarat started their functioning with a first introductory

meeting on 04/07/2007 arranged at Gandhinagar.

After several meetings with project proponents, it was felt necessary by the SEAC to issue

some guidelines for the following purposes :

1 For some common aspects of EIA and EC processes to achieve the objectives of the EIA

Notification, 2006 in a better way.

2 For avoiding repetition of some common queries and saving time of discussion and to make

the whole procedure simple.

3 For suggesting some technical and legal requirements for EIA purpose.

4 For seeking specific qualitative and quantitative information for efficient pollution control

and accident prevention.

5 For bringing more perfection in preparing EIA Reports.

6 For sharpening decision process of screening, scoping and appraisal of the projects.

These guidelines would also help the project proponents to make the safe environmental

design for the project and to avoid major changes in the project at subsequent stages of

construction, operation, maintenance and wastes disposal.

These guidelines are not the substitute of any legal requirement. Prescribed Forms (e.g. Form

1, Form 1A, etc. of the EIA Notification) are to be submitted as required.

These guidelines are published in good faith to help the project proponents. They are to be

used along with other necessary information and experience.

We hope the project proponents, environmental consultants and all who are concerned with EIA

process will appreciate this effort and will be benefited by these guidelines. Suggestions in this regard

are always welcome.

(Dr. K. U. Mistry)

Chairman

SEAC, Gujarat

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Contents:Part – A : General aspects of EIA preparation.

1 Highlights of EIA Notification 2006 as amended in 2009. 52 Objectives of the SEAC, Gujarat. 123 General Guidelines for Project Proponents. 134 Alternatives Analysis in EIA. 155 Siting criteria. 166 Flora and Fauna. 167 Cleaner Production. 208 Water Environment. 219 Air Environment. 2310 Land Environment. 2311 Noise Environment. 2412 Protection of Workers and Public from adverse impacts. 2513 Risk Management 2614 Parking Area, Entry & Exit criteria. 2815 Greenbelt Development. 28

Part – B : Project Specific Aspects.1 Information required from all projects. 322 Information required from Chemical Projects. 323 Construction Projects. 324 Mining Projects. 34

Annexure: A Format of first presentation by applicant before the SEAC, 37

Gujarat. (For industrial projects other than chemical industries)B Format of first presentation by applicant before the SEAC, 44

Gujarat. (For chemical industry projects)C Application of Remote Sensing and Satellite Images in 51

Environment Impact Assessment – some important aspectsrequired to be considered while preparing the EIA reports.

Appendix :1. Some Useful Terminology / Definitions. 522. List of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and 56

Conservation Reserve in Gujarat3. National Ambient Air Quality Standards 584. Some useful Books / Publications. 605. Some useful Websites. 60

6. Some useful Journals. 60

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Abbreviations:APCM – Air Pollution Control MeasuresB.P. – Boiling PointBOD – Bio-chemical Oxygen DemandCETP – Common Effluent Treatment PlantCHWI – Common Hazardous Waste IncineratorCOD – Chemical Oxygen DemandCP – Cleaner ProductionCPCB – Central Pollution Control BoardCPP – Captive Power PlantCRZ – Coastal Regulation ZoneDG – Diesel GeneratorDMP – Disaster Management PlanEC – Environmental ClearanceEIA – Environment Impact AssessmentEPZ – Export Processing ZoneESP – Electrostatic PrecipitatorETP – Effluent Treatment PlantFl. P. – Flash PointFSI – Floor Space IndexGDCR – General Development Control RegulationsGFR – Gujarat Factories RulesGOI – Government of IndiaGPCB – Gujarat Pollution Control BoardIBR – Indian Boiler RegulationsIDLH – Immediate Danger To Life & HealthIUCN – International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural ResourcesKLD – Kilo Liters Per DayLC50 – Lethal Concentration which may kill 50% of the samples of the same body weight.LD50 – Lethal Dose which may kill 50% of the samples of the same body weight.LEL – Lower Explosive LimitLEV – Local Exhaust VentilationMCA – Maximum Credible AccidentMoEF – Ministry of Environment & ForestsNBC – National Building CodeNGO – Non Government OrganizationSEAC – State Level Expert Appraisal CommitteeSEIAA – State Level Environment Impact Assessment AuthoritySEZ – Special Economic ZoneSIB – Small Industrial BoilerSOP – Standard Operating ProcedureSPCB – State Pollution Control BoardSS – Suspended SolidsSTEL – Short Term Exposure LimitTDS – Total Dissolved SolidsTLV – Threshold Limit ValueTOC – Total Organic CarbonTOR – Terms of ReferenceTPA – Tons Per AnnumTPD – Tons Per DayTSDF – Treatment, Storage and Disposal FacilityUEL – Upper Explosive LimitUT – Union Territories

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Part – A : General aspects of EIA preparation

1. Highlights of EIA Notification 2006, as amended in 2009:

The Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, exercising the powers

conferred upon it under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, issued the

Environment Impact Assessment Notification, 2006. It is a modified version of the previous

Notification of 1994.

The basic objective of the Environment Impact Assessment is to identify, predict,

mitigate and communicate the possible impacts due the proposed project to the Government

authority and people likely to be affected and incorporate the conditions for construction,

operation, maintenance and waste disposal phases of the project to mitigate the negative

(adverse) impacts and enhance the positive impacts for the sustainable development of the

region.

The EIA Notification, 2006 along with amendments is available as a public document on

the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India’s website www.envfor.nic.in.

Some important features of the said Notification are highlighted below:-

1. Prior Environmental Clearance (EC) is required by all new projects or activities listed

in the Schedule of the EIA Notification 2006 (As amended up to December 2009), which

is reproduced below. EC is required before commencement of any construction work

or preparation of land by the project management.

2. Prior EC is also required by the existing projects or activities if its capacity is likely to

exceed the threshold limit mentioned in the said Schedule.

3. All category B projects where general condition does not apply, the project proponents

are required to apply to the SEAC who will hear the case according to the procedure

laid down in the EIA notification and based on whose recommendation, EC may be

granted or rejected by the SEIAA.

4. For all category A projects and also category B projects where general condition

applies, the project proponents are required to apply directly to the Ministry of

Environment and Forests, Government of India, who would consider the project for

grant or rejection of the EC based on the recommendation of the Expert Appraisal

Committee at the central level.

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SCHEDULE(See paragraph 2 and 7 of the EIA Notification, 2006)

LIST OF PROJECTS OR ACTIVITIES REQUIRING PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE (Asamended up to December 2009)

Category with threshold limitProject or Activity

A B

Conditions if any

1Mining, extraction of natural resources and power generation (for a specifiedproduction capacity)

(a) ( (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)1(a) (i)Mining of minerals.

(ii) Slurry pipelines(coal lignite andother ores) passingthrough nationalparks / sanctuaries /coral reefs,ecologicallysensitive areas.

(i) >50 ha of mining leasearea in respect of non-coal mine lease.>150 ha of mining leasearea in respect of coalmine lease.Asbestos miningirrespective of miningarea.

(ii) All projects.

(i) <50 ha >5 ha of mininglease area in respect ofnon-coal mine lease.<150 ha > 5 ha of mininglease area in respect of coalmine lease.

(ii) ---

General Condition shallapply.

Note: Mineral prospectingis exempted.

1(b) Offshore andonshore oil and gasexploration,development &production

All projects --- Note : Exploration Surveys(not involving drilling) areexempted provided theconcession areas have gotprevious clearance forphysical survey

1(c) River Valley projects (i) 50 MW hydroelectricpower generation;

(ii) 10,000 ha. ofculturable command area

(i) < 50 MW 25 MWhydroelectric powergeneration;(ii) < 10,000 ha. ofculturable command area

General Condition shallapply

1(d) Thermal PowerPlants

> 500 MW(coal/lignite/naphtha andgas based);> 50 MW (Pet coke,diesel and all other fuelsincluding refinery residualoil waste exceptbiomass);> 20 MW (based onbiomass or nonhazardous municipalsolid waste as fuel).

<500MW(coal/lignite/naphtha andgas based);<50 MW >5 MW (Pet coke,diesel and all other fuelsincluding refinery residual oilwaste exceptbiomass);<20MW > 15MW (based onbiomass or non hazardousmunicipal solid waste asfuel).

General Condition shallapply.Note:(i) Power plants up to 15MW, based on biomassand using auxiliary fuelsuch as coal / lignite /petroleum products up to15% are exempt.(ii) Power plants up to 15MW, based on non-hazardous municipalwaste and using auxiliaryfuelsuch as coal / lignite/petroleum products up to15% are exempt.(iii) Power plants usingwaste heat boiler withoutany auxiliary fuel areexempt.

1(e) Nuclear powerprojects andprocessing ofnuclear fuel

All projects -

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(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

2 Primary Processing

2(a) Coal washeries 1 million ton/annumthroughput of coal

<1million ton/annumthroughput of coal

General Condition shallapply(If located within miningarea the proposal shall beappraised together with themining proposal)

2 (b) Mineral beneficiation 0.1million ton/annummineral throughput

< 0.1million ton/annummineral throughput

General Condition shallapply(Mining proposal withMineral beneficiation shallbe appraised together forgrant of clearance)

3 Materials Production

3(a) Metallurgicalindustries (ferrous &non ferrous)

a)Primary metallurgicalindustry - All projects

b) Sponge ironmanufacturing≥ 200TPD

c)Secondarymetallurgical processingindustry

All toxic and heavy metalproducing units 20,000 tonnes /annum

-

Sponge iron manufacturing<200TPD

Secondary metallurgicalprocessing industry

i.)All toxic and heavy metalproducing units<20,000 tonnes/annum

ii.) All other non –toxicsecondary metallurgicalprocessing industries>5000 tonnes/annum

General condition shallapply.Note:(i) The recycling industrialunits registered under theHSM Rules, areexempted.(ii) In case of secondarymetallurgical processingindustrial units, thoseprojects involvingoperation of furnaces onlysuch as induction andelectric arc furnace,submerged arc furnace,and cupola with capacitymore than 30,000 tonnesper annum (TPA) wouldrequire environmentalclearance.(iii) Plant/units other thanpower plants (givenagainst entry no. 1(d) ofthe schedule), based onmunicipal solid waste(non-hazardous) areexempted.

3( b) Cement plants 1.0 milliontonnes/annum productioncapacity

<1.0 million tonnes/annumproduction capacity. AllStand alone grinding units

General Condition shallapply

4 Materials Processing

4(a) Petroleum refiningindustry

All projects - -

4(b) Coke oven plants 2,50,000 tonnes/annum-

<2,50,000 &25,000 tonnes/annum

General condition shallapply.

4(c ) Asbestos milling andasbestos basedproducts

All projects - -

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(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)4(d) Chlor-alkali industry 300 TPD production

capacity or a unit locatedout side the notifiedindustrial area/ estate

(i) All projects irrespective ofthe size, if it is located in aNotified Industrial Area /Estate.(ii) < 300 tonnes per day(TPD) and located outside aNotified IndustrialArea/Estate.

General as well asspecific conditions shallapply.No new Mercury Cellbased plants will bepermitted and existingunits converting tomembrane celltechnology are exemptfrom the notification.

4(e) Soda ash Industry All projects - -

4(f) Leather/skin/hideprocessing industry

New projects outside theindustrial area orexpansion of existingunits out side theindustrial area

All new or expansion ofprojects located within anotified industrial area/estate

General as well asspecific conditions shallapply.

5 Manufacturing/Fabrication

5(a) Chemical fertilizers All projects except SingleSuper Phosphate.

Single super phosphate -

5(b) Pesticides industryand pesticidespecificintermediates(excludingformulations)

All units producingtechnical gradepesticides

- -

5(c) Petro-chemicalcomplexes(industries based onprocessing ofpetroleum fractions& natural gas and/orreforming toaromatics)

All projects - -

5(d) Manmade fibresmanufacturing

Rayon Others General Condition shallapply

5(e) Petrochemicalbased processing(processes otherthan cracking &reformation and notcovered under thecomplexes)

Located out side thenotified industrial area/estate-

Located in a notifiedindustrial area/ estate

General as well asspecific conditions shallapply.

5(f) Synthetic organicchemicals industry(dyes & dyeintermediates; bulkdrugs andintermediatesexcluding drugformulations;synthetic rubbers;basic organicchemicals, othersynthetic organicchemicals andchemicalintermediates)

Located out side thenotified industrial area/estate

Located in a notifiedindustrial area/ estate

General as well asspecific conditions shallapply.

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(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)5(g) Distilleries (i)All Molasses based

distilleries

(ii) All Cane juice/ non-molasses baseddistilleries 30 KLD

-

All Cane juice/non-molassesbased distilleries –<30 KLD

General Condition shallapply

5(h) Integrated paintindustry

- All projects General Condition shallapply

5(i) Pulp & paperindustry excludingmanufacturing ofpaper from wastepaper andmanufacture ofpaper from readypulp with outbleaching

Pulp manufacturing and

Pulp & Papermanufacturing industry-

Paper manufacturingindustry without pulpmanufacturing

General Condition shallapply

5(j) Sugar Industry - 5000 tcd cane crushingcapacity

General Condition shallapply

6 Service Sectors

6(a) Oil & gastransportation pipeline (crude andrefinery/petrochemicalproducts), passingthrough nationalparks/sanctuaries/coralreefs /ecologicallysensitive areasincluding LNGTerminal

All projects-

-

6(b) Isolated storage &handling ofhazardouschemicals (As perthreshold planningquantity indicated incolumn 3 ofschedule 2 & 3 ofMSIHC Rules 1989amended 2000)

- All projects General Condition shallapply

7 Physical Infrastructure including Environmental Services

7(a) Air ports All projects includingairstrips, which are forcommercial use.

- Note:Air strips, which do notinvolve bunkering /refueling facility and or AirTraffic Control, areexempted.

7(b) All ship breakingyards including shipbreaking units

All projects - -

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(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)7(c) Industrial estates/

parks/ complexes/areas, exportprocessing Zones(EPZs), SpecialEconomic Zones(SEZs), BiotechParks, LeatherComplexes.

If at least one industry inthe proposed industrialestate falls under theCategory A, entireindustrial area shall betreated as Category A,irrespective of the area.

Industrial estates witharea greater than 500 ha.and housing at least oneCategory B industry.

Industrial estates housingat least one Category Bindustry and area <500 ha.

Industrial estates of area>500 ha. and not housing anyindustry belonging toCategory A or B.

General as well asspecific conditions shallapply.Note:1. Industrial Estate of areabelow 500 ha. and nothousing any industry ofCategory ‘A’ or ‘B’ doesnot require clearance.

2. If the area is less than500 ha. but containsbuilding and constructionprojects > 20,000 Sq. mtr.and or development areamore than 50 ha it will betreated as activity listed atserial no. 8(a) or 8(b) in theSchedule, as the case maybe.

7(d) Common hazardouswaste treatment,storage and disposalfacilities (TSDFs)

All integrated facilitieshaving incineration&landfill or incinerationalone

All facilities having land fillonly

General Condition shallapply

7(e) Ports, harbours,break waters,dredging.

5 million TPA of cargohandling capacity(excluding fishingharbours)

< 5 million TPA of cargohandling capacity and/orports/ harbours 10,000TPA of fish handlingcapacity

General Condition shallapplyNote:1. Capital dredging insideand outside the ports orharbors and channels areincluded;2. Maintenance dredgingis exempt provided itformed part of the originalproposal for whichEnvironment ManagementPlan (EMP) was preparedand environmentalclearance obtained.

7(f) Highways i) New National Highways; and

ii) Expansion of NationalHigh ways greater than30 KM, involvingadditional right of waygreater than 20minvolving land acquisitionand passing throughmore than one State.

(i) All State HighwayProjects; and

(ii) State Highway expansionprojects in hilly terrain(above 1,000 m AMSL) andor ecologically sensitiveareas.

General Condition shallapply.

Note:Highways includeexpressways.

7(g) Aerial ropeways (i) All projects located ataltitude of 1,000 mtr. andabove.

(ii) All projects located innotified ecologicallysensitive areas.

All projects except thosecovered in column (3).

General Condition shallapply

7(h) Common EffluentTreatment Plants(CETPs)

All projects General Condition shallapply

7(i) Common MunicipalSolid WasteManagement Facility(CMSWMF)

All projects General Condition shallapply

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(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

8 Building /Construction projects/Area Development projects and Townships

8(a) Building andConstructionprojects

≥20000 sq.mtrs and<1,50,000 sq.mtrs. of built-up area#

#(built up area forcovered construction; inthe case of facilitiesopen to the sky, it will bethe activity area )

8(b) Townships and AreaDevelopmentprojects.

Covering an area ≥ 50 haand or built up area≥1,50,000 sq .mtrs ++

++All projects under Item8(b) shall be appraisedas Category B1

General Condition (GC):

Any project or activity specified in Category ‘B’ will be treated as Category ‘A’, if located in

whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of: (i) Protected areas notified under the Wildlife

(Protection) Act, 1972; (ii) Critically polluted areas as identified by the Central Pollution Control

Board from time to time; (iii) Eco-sensitive areas as notified under section 3 of the Environment

(Protection) Act, 1986, such as, Mahabaleshwar Panchgani, Matheran, Pachmarhi, Dahanu, Doon

Valley, and (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries: Provided that the requirement

regarding distance of 10 km of the inter-State boundaries can be reduced or completely done away

with by an agreement between the respective States or UTs sharing the common boundary in case

the activity does not fall within 10 kilometers of the areas mentioned at item (i), (ii) and (iii) above.”

Specific Condition (SC):

If any Industrial Estate / Complex / Export processing Zones / Special Economic Zones /

Biotech Parks / Leather Complex with homogeneous type of industries such as Items 4(d), 4(f), 5(e),

5(f), or those Industrial estates with pre –defined set of activities (not necessarily homogeneous)

obtains prior environmental clearance, individual industries including proposed industrial housing

within such estates /complexes will not be required to take prior environmental clearance, so long

as the Terms and Conditions for the industrial estate/complex are complied with (Such

estates/complexes must have a clearly identified management with the legal responsibility of

ensuring adherence to the Terms and Conditions of prior environmental clearance, who may be held

responsible for violation of the same throughout the life of the complex/estate).

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5. The following important aspects shall also have to be followed by the project proponents :

(1) The projects involving clearance under Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 1991,shall submit with the application a CRZ map duly demarcated by one of the authorizedagencies, showing the project activities, w.r.t. CRZ (at the stage of TOR) and therecommendations of the State Coastal Zone Management Authority (at the stage of EC).Simultaneous action shall also be taken to obtain the requisite clearance under theprovisions of the CRZ Notification, 1991 for the activities to be located in the CRZ.

(2) The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, BiosphereReserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit themap duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-a-visthe project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief WildlifeWarden thereon (at the stage of EC).

(3) All correspondence with the SEAC and SEIAA including submission of application forTOR/Environmental Clearance, subsequent clarifications, as may be required from timeto time, participation in the SEAC meeting on behalf of the project proponent shall bemade by the authorized signatory only. The authorized signatory should also submit adocument in support of his claim of being an authorized signatory for the specificproject.

(4) The SEAC can inspect the site of EC application with prior notice to the applicant.The project proponent / applicant will provide necessary facilities for inspection.

(5) Applicant will apply in Form – 1 with prefeasibility report and in Form 1A withconceptual plan for construction or area development project as stated in item 8 of aboveSchedule.

(6) Terms of Reference (TOR) will be conveyed to the applicant as early as possible (max60 days) based on (i) Information given in application forms stated in para (5) above, (ii)Personal discussion during presentation, (iii) TOR submitted by the applicant or / and(iv) Site visit by SEAC if required.

(7) Public hearing (consultation) is not required for all category B2 projects, buildingconstruction / area development / township projects, projects located in notifiedindustrial estates (e.g. GIDC) and projects concerning national defense or security etc.

(8) Where public hearing is conducted, its report will be submitted to SEAC as early aspossible.

(9) SEAC may recommend for grant of Environment Clearance (EC) with conditions or forrejecting the EC with reasons in writing to the SEIAA.

(10) Rejection or cancellation of EC is possible if the applicant conceals material fact orsubmits false or misleading information.

2. Objectives of the SEAC, Gujarat :

1 The SEAC, Gujarat would continuously thrive for making the EIA process speedy,transparent and cost effective without compromising with the quality of work andcompliance to statutory provisions while processing the applications received for theTerms of Reference (TOR) and the Appraisal of the EIA reports, to achieve the objectivesof the EIA Notification, 2006.

2 The SEAC expects the project proponents to execute their activities / projects along withfollowing objectives :(1) Conservation and protection of various environmental attributes viz. water, air and

land.

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(2) Preservation and protection of flora, fauna, ecological and socio economic aspects.(3) Reduction in use of ground water sources and providing recharging and harvesting

of rain water.(4) Promotion of greenbelt development and plantation of mangroves.(5) Use of solar and other non-conventional or renewable energy sources.(6) Conservation and auditing of energies and utilities (e.g. electricity, air, water, steam,

oil, fuel, atomic energy etc.) being utilized.(7) Adoption of “Cleaner Production” (CP) concept which includes Green or Cleaner

technology and promote the concept of Reduce, Reuse and Recycle whereverpossible.

(8) All efforts to prevent or reduce global warming including use of clean fuels ornatural gas, biomass, solar, hydro, wind or atomic energy and efforts to get carboncredit instead of using wood, coal, HSD, LDO, FO etc.

(9) Protection of workers and public from adverse impacts.(10) Design of town planning, construction and other projects with less use of land and

preventing adverse impacts on construction workers, users of the buildings and thegeneral public in vicinity.

(11) Efficient working of pollution control plants and equipments (ETP, CETP, FETP,TSDF, Incinerator, final discharge etc.)

(12) Sustainable growth of the nation.

3. The SEAC will try to help the project proponents and the general public by preparing andissuing general guidelines, by holding seminars and discussions and by suggesting projectspecific requirements from time to time. It will also interact with the concerneddepartments, NGOs and institutions for EIA purpose.

4. The SEAC will also put useful information on its website www.seiaa.gujarat.gov.in forgeneral information of the public.

3 General Guidelines for project proponents :

1. The SEAC would normally like to know three things at the time of first presentation(scoping) as under:(1) Location suitability / siting criteria i.e. its safe location as per environmental laws

and guidelines (safety of water bodies, flora, fauna and preservation of naturalresources and national monuments etc.)

(2) Causes of generation of environmental impacts due to:(A) Excavation and construction activities.(B) Manufacturing processes, operations and maintenance or business activities.(C) Generation of solid, liquid and gaseous wastes i.e. all types of pollution

possibilities and problems of treatability, if any. Base line data and incrementalpollution rise with appropriate modeling / scientific justification will benecessary. Water balance, mass balance and energy balance should be given asper requirement.

(3) Control and safety measures which are utmost necessary.(A) At the design stage with a view to eliminate or reduce pollution or impacts

(effects or consequences of hazards) from the beginning so that subsequentmore control measures or complex treatment plants may not be required infuture.

(B) At the operation and maintenance stage.

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(C) In the design and operation of ETP, CETP, FETP, APCM, TSDF, pipeconveyance etc.

(D) In preparation of Onsite and Offsite emergency plans, environmentmanagement plan, risk management plan, sewage treatment plan, energyconservation and green building plan, greenbelt development plan, water reuse- recycle - harvesting plan, cleaner technology or production plan, socialwelfare plan etc.

2. At the time of second or subsequent hearing, SEAC would like to know TOR or pointwise reply as directed by SEAC (Appraisal).

3. The SEAC allows all participants to sit together at the time of hearing, their submission inlocal language if desired and their difficulties and suggestions too.

4. The SEAC would also like to help project proponent by giving suggestions pertaining tostatutory provisions, Indian Standards and other requirements as applicable and useful tothe project which may be incorporated in subsequent design and planning to make theproject more safe, more environment friendly, more user friendly or comfortable and lesspolluting.

5. Some of the basic requirements / suggestions for better and safe planning of the projectactivities should include the following:

(1) Separate ways / gates for entry and exit in project premises.(2) Sufficient parking area with unidirectional vehicular movement with separate entry

and exit.(3) Two or more staircases on each floor in all high rise buildings (more than four

floors). Approach distance to any staircase should not be more than 30 mt on eachfloor.

(4) Sufficient lighting, ventilation, drinking water facility, sanitary blocks, firefighting and first aid arrangements.

(5) Safe and ergonomic design and layout of plant, machinery, tools and controlequipments keeping in view the safety and pollution prevention in mind.

(6) Effective pollution control measures for land, water and air.(7) To observe the NBC norms for parking, margins, etc. for building construction

projects (See part B-3 for detail)(8) Explore various cleaner production options and submit the plan to have it

integrated in the project (See Part A-7 for detail)(9) For chemical industry, identify each stream of wastes, carry out the treatability

study and treat the stream separately so as to meet with the prescribed norms. Nodischarge is permitted above the prescribed norms.( See Annexure –B also)

(10) The Effluent Treatment Plant, Common Effluent Treatment Plant, Air PollutionControl Measures, Pressure Vessels, etc. should be designed properly for safe andefficient working and Standard Operating Practice (SOPs) should be prepared forthe same.

(11) All documents to be submitted to the SEAC will be checked for fulfillment of theabove guidelines and signed at the end as a proof of this exercise.

6. The SEAC expects all documents with sufficient clarity and brevity. For this object,following general instructions are given:-

(1) Give page number at right bottom of each page of the document. Use minimumfont size of 20 in the presentation.

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(2) Take print outs or the submission / presentation and handouts on both the sides ofthe paper and print two slides on a page In case of big slide, it may be one perpage.

(3) Before appearing for the presentation and making any submissions, go through thewhole document thoroughly, correct it and complete it.

(4) Letter size, pictures, figures, tables, graphs, charts, slides, maps etc should be ofproper size, scale and clearly visible / legible.

(5) North direction, scale and normal wind direction should be shown in the maps ofsite location and internal layout of the project.

(6) All abbreviations (short forms) with their full forms to be given.

(7) Responsible person(s) who has/have prepared and understood the EIA documentand who knows the manufacturing processes and/or the project activities, theirhazards and controls, should also remain present alongwith the project proponentor his authorized person.

(8) Construction of project should not be started before obtaining the EnvironmentalClearance. The provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006 shall have to be strictlyobserved for this matter by the project proponents.

(9) In case of expansion of the project, existing permissions from governmentauthorities should be stated.

(10) The project proponent should submit authentic permissions (as applicable) fromthe CETP, TSDF and/or CHWI and water supply authorities if such facilities are tobe used.

(11) The source of various data used in the EIA report especially for all secondaryinformation used shall be mentioned clearly with the time of the data generated.

(12) Applicant will also submit ‘Format of first presentation before SEAC’ asmentioned in Annexure A or B of these guidelines. Common format or the projectspecific format, is to be submitted for rapid screening and scoping purpose.

These guidelines would facilitate the project proponents to prepare theirpresentation and achieve perfection for expeditious decision-making with respect to theirproject.

4. Alternatives Analysis in EIA :

This is the first step before selection of any project.

The alternatives analysis is an important tool for the best selection of theproject, technologies and the location of the project. The EIA report shouldspecifically focus the alternatives considered with respect to following aspects:

1 Alternative projects considered, if any, to meet with the objectives with lessimpacts. Objectives stated in part A 2.2 (Objectives of SEAC) will also beconsidered.

2 Alterative sites considered for the selected project option with due justifications ofselecting the site in question.

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3 Alternative processes (such as manufacturing process, operation, constructiontechnology, etc.) considered while selecting the particular one for the project withjustification of selection.

4 Alternative mitigation measures considered before selecting the proposedmitigation measures.

5 Siting Criteria

1. The siting or location of industry should be done after having considered variousalternatives for this purpose as stated in part A-4 above. The justifications for selection ofthe site in question shall be highlighted, if the site is already finalized. If the proposal isfor various options, the study shall be done to finalize the site based onenvironmental/ecological aspects and socio-economic feasibility in mind.

2. The site selection shall be done keeping in view the existing environmental and wildlifelaws in mind. The site under question should be sufficiently away from the nearbyresidential areas, wildlife protected areas, other sensitive areas to avoid the adverseimpacts due to the project activities and for better planning leading the sustainability.

3. Some useful sources of information in this regard are given in Appendix at the end.

4. Use the Remote Sensing and satellite images for siting of industries. The details given atAnnexure C for application of Remote Sensing in Environment Impact Assessment wouldbe useful not only for siting of industries but also for assessing the impacts and decidingthe mitigation measures as well as developing the Environmental Management Plan.

6. Flora and Fauna.

Following details should be incorporated in the EIA with respect to the flora and fauna.

1. Baseline Survey :

(1) The baseline status of the flora and fauna in the study area shall be properlydetermined. This should include the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Further, ifthere exists any wetland or marine areas within the study region, the ecosystemsof the said region shall also be studied for ascertaining the baseline condition.Whenever secondary data is used, it is necessary to quote the source and time ofdata generation.

(2) The information should include the present status of flora and fauna covering allthe types of ecosystems in the project area.

2. Flora :

(1) The information about flora should be in the form of number of species of (alongwith their names- local as well as scientific name) trees, shrubs, herbs andclimbers present in the area.

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(2) In case the study area has wetlands, the aquatic flora should also be included. Incase of trees and shrubs, the numbers (population) should be indicated againsteach species.

(3) In case of trees within the project site, the height should be mentioned in theheight classes of 2 meters.

(4) Separate information should be given about :

o endemic flora

o threatened flora- as per International Union for Conservation of Nature andNatural Resources (IUCN) list / category or any other known system ofcategorization (quote reference)

o any rare flora

3. Fauna :

(1) The information about fauna should be in the form of number of the presence of

o mammals

o reptiles

o birds

o amphibians

o aquatic fauna (in case of wetland etc.)

o marine fauna including corals (in case of marine ecosystem)

(2) For each category of fauna, the following information should be given.

o species name- local as well as scientific name

o estimated population

o the schedule to which they belong as per the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972

o IUCN threat category- if any.

o feeding and breeding habitat within the project area and the study area

(3) If the study area contains the habitat (including feeding and breeding habitat) ofany wildlife belonging to Schedule-I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972 which may normally be residing outside the project area, it should beclearly mentioned.

4. Impact on flora and fauna:

(1) All potential project activities which are likely to have impacts on flora andfauna shall be properly identified.

(2) The likely impacts due to the project activities and project induced developmenton the ecology shall also be identified for developing the mitigation action plans.

(3) The detailed measures shall be proposed for mitigating the potential adverseimpacts on the flora, fauna and natural resources based on its significance andmagnitude.

(4) Alternatives considered for various mitigation measures shall also be highlightedspecifically for this purpose. The selected alternative for mitigation purposeshould be justified appropriately.

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5. Topography and Drainage lines :

The natural drainage lines passing through the project area should be clearly indicatedand should not be blocked. The natural flow should remain unobstructed.

6. Information collection:

(1) The following information should be obtained from the office of the localDeputy Conservator of Forests and submitted along with the proposal.

o Whether the project area includes any forestland. If yes, the detailsregarding the type of forestland (Reserved Forests and Protected Forestsunder Section 20 and 29, respectively, of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 aswell as the area declared under Section 4 of the same Act). The area offorestland of each category should be obtained.

o The aerial distance of the nearest forest area (i.e. Section 4 / Section 20 /Section 29 mentioned hereinabove).

o The aerial distance of the nearest Protected Area declared under the IndianWildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 as a National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary,Conservation Reserve or Community Conservation Area.

o The details about the flora and fauna mentioned above.

(2) The information may also be collected from other institutes / organizationsincluding universities and libraries. In such cases, the source of informationshould invariably be quoted.

7. Check list of some flora fauna in Gujarat

(1) Checklist of Flora to be protected

SrNo.

Scientific Name Local Name Gujarati Nameુ

1 Tribulus rajasthanansis Gokharu ગોખ2 Commithora wightti Gugal ગળુ3 Anogysis sericua Dhavo ( Dhavadi) ઘવ (ઘાવડો)4 Gloriossa superba Vachhanag વછનાગં5 Tecomela undulate Ragatroydo રગતરોહડો

(2) Checklist of Herpato Fauna (Amphibians and Reptiles)

SrNo.

English Name Scientific Name Gujarati Nameજર ા તી ના મુ

1 Painted Kaloula Kaloula taprobanica રગીનં દડકો2 Green Turtle Chelonia mydas દરયા ઈ કાચબો3 Spiny Tailed Lizard Uromastyx hardwickii સાઢંો4 Starred Tortoise Geochelone elegans જમીન કાચબો5 Mugger or Marsh Crocodile - મીઠા પાણીનો મગર6 Indian Python Python molurus અજગર

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(3) Checklist of Threatened Avifauna

Sr No. English Name Scientific Name Gujarati Name

જર ા તી ના મુ

1 Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina નાળ બતક

2 Great Indian Bustard Choriotis nigriceps ઘોરાડ

3 Houbara orMacqueen’s Bustard

ટસો

4 Lesser Florican Sypheotides indica ખડમોર

5 Forest Spotted Owlet ચીબર

6 Adjutant Stork Leptoptilos dubius મોટો જમાદાર

7 Black-nacked Stork Xenorhynchus asiaticus ઢાકં

8 King Vulture Torgos calvus રાજ ગીધ

9 Hodgon’s frogmouth મડકે

10 Grey Horn Bill ચીલોતરો

11 Forest Wagtail રણ દવા ળ ઘોડો

(4) Checklist of Threatened Mammals

Sr No. English Name Scientific Name IUCN Status Gujarati Name

જર ા તી ના મુ

1 Asiatic lion Panthera leo persica Cr.Endan. એિશયાઈ િસહ

2 Black Buck Antilope cervicarpa Lower Risk કાળયા ર

3 Commondolphin

Delphinus delphis NearlyThreatened

ડોફન

4 Desert Cat Felis libyca NearlyThreatened

રણ બલા ડ

5 Desert fox Vulpes vucapus NearlyThreatened

રણ લકડ

6 Four hornedAntelope

Tetracerosquadricornis

ચૌિશગા

7 Indian Ratel Mellivora cepensis ુ ં

8 Wild ass Equus hemionuskhur

ડખરુ

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7. Cleaner Production.

The EIA report for the industrial plant is expected to cover the most useful CleanerProduction technology or option in the said project activities. The project proponents areexpected to understand the benefits of the Cleaner Production (CP) and the types of the CPoptions to be incorporated during the project implementation and operation phases.

The following information would be useful in this regard:

1 Definition and application:

(1) Cleaner production is defined as the continuous application of an integratedpreventive environmental strategy applied to processes, products and services toincrease overall efficiency and reduce risks to the environment which also includeshuman beings.

Cleaner production can be applied to the production processes used in anyindustry, to products themselves and to various services provided in society asunder.

(2) For production processes, cleaner production results from one or a combinationof the following:-

(A) Conserving water, raw materials and energy. Use of solar, wind, biomass,hydro, nuclear and other renewable energy.

(B) Substituting toxic/hazardous materials by less hazardous ones and

(C) Reducing the quantity and/or toxicity of all emissions and wastes beforethey leave a production process.

(D) Recycling and reusing of the wastes and by-products within industry or inother industries.

(3) For products, cleaner production focuses on the reduction of environmentalimpacts over the entire life cycle of a product, from raw material extraction to theultimate disposal of the product, by appropriate design.

(4) For services, cleaner production entails incorporating environmental concerns intothe design and delivery of services.

Each action to reduce consumption of water, raw materials and energy, or touse renewable energy and to prevent or reduce generation of waste as well asrecycle and reuse of the waste can increase productivity and bring financialbenefits to enterprise.

The key difference between Pollution Control (PC) and Cleaner Production(CP) is one of timing. Pollution control is an after-the-event, 'react and treat'approach. Cleaner Production is a forward-looking, 'anticipate and prevent'philosophy.

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2 General CP Options:

(1) It is expected that the project proponent shall form a CP team in the company andimplement the SEAC objectives stated in foregoing Part A-2.2 (Objectives ofSEAC ).

(2) The following are some of the common Cleaner Production / waste minimizationtechniques (options):

(A) List process steps, identify and select wasteful process steps, analyze processsteps, prepare process flow chart, make material and energy balance, assigncost to waste streams and review the process to identify waste causes. Thendevelop and select cleaner production opportunities, assess technicalfeasibility, assess financial viability, evaluate environmental aspects andselect solutions for implementation. Then implement cleaner productionsolutions and monitor the results.

(B) Metering and control of quantities of active ingredients to minimize waste.

(C) Reuse / recycle of by-products and intermediates from the process as rawmaterials or raw materials substitutes in other processes. Dual flushingsystem with separate pipelines for reuse of the treated wastewater whereverfeasible.

(D) Use of automated and close filling or local exhaust system to minimizeexposure and spillage.

(E) Venting equipment through vapour recovery system.

(F) Use of high pressure hoses for equipment cleaning to reduce wastewatergeneration.

3 Specific CP Options :

(1) The Cleaner Production techniques study through a reputed institute / agency shall becarried out during project implementation phase. However, the options alreadydeveloped and available in the published literature shall be used to design the plant fortheir implementation.

(2) Some studies are already done for various sectors by the National ProductivityCouncil, Gujarat Cleaner Production Centre and the National Cleaner ProductionCentre. The suitable recommendations / suggestions of such studies shall beincorporated in the project design and implementation.

(3) Appropriate lab-scale study for identification of waste minimization options may alsobe conducted.

8. Water Environment:

1. All sources of water availability with quantity shall be mentioned. Use of ground watersource (e. g. bore-well) shall be avoided or minimized as far as possible. Use of surfacewater supplied by the Government or Local Authority is preferable and when such wateris available, use of bore well must be discontinued. Plan for conservation of water, its

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reuse and recycle and harvesting or recharging of rain water shall be submitted. Duringoperation phase, it is expected that all the project proponents install flow meters at allsources to measure intake of water from different sources. Use of water by road/railtankers shall also be counted.

2. Baseline water quality shall be determined as per the guidelines specified by the MoEF,GOI. For determining the baseline water quality, both surface and ground water qualityshall be determined.

3. All potential sources of water pollution (discharges from the processes, utilities,leakages, washing of floors / vessels, treatment plant etc.) shall be identified andproperly documented.

4. The prediction of impacts (including the quantification of the pollutants both in terms ofconcentration and load) due to these discharges shall be done using proper models,software, formulae, equations, etc. and the significance and magnitude shall bedetermined. Assessment shall be given by comparing these quantities with thepermissible limits.

5. The control measures shall be proposed for measuring and mitigating the potentialadverse impacts based on its significance and magnitude.

6. In case of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP), the details of the same including theadequacy with respect to hydraulic and organic load of inlet parameters as well as theoutlet parameters to be achieved after treatment vis-à-vis the standards prescribed shallbe properly documented. For specific pollutants like heavy metals, ammonical nitrogen,non-biodegradable organic compounds, etc. specific treatment shall be proposed withproper details. Treatability problems, if any, shall be specifically mentioned. In case ofexisting ETP, records of last 3 years and adverse or compliance remark from GPCB andCPCB shall be submitted. Flow meter at the outlet of the ETP at all discharge points isalso expected during operation phase.

7. In case of the Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), the design capacity of theCETP, availability of spare capacity to accept the additional intake due to theproposed project, the present status of the compliance of the CETP at its outlet, proposalfor upgradation of the CETP under implementation or consideration, etc. shall bedetailed out and reported. It shall be mentioned that the CETP is meeting with theprescribed norms or not. All these are applicable to FETP also.

8. Untreatable or highly concentrated wastes streams shall be segregated from processplants, collected separately and disposed of safely. Plan for such treatment shall besubmitted.

9. Interlocking device to sense exceeding flow rate and pollutant (eg: pH and TOC i.e totalorganic carbon) at the final discharge point of ETP, CETP, FETP or conveyance pipeand to trip, alarm, stop or divert such discharge at safe collection place is mostdesirable. SMS alert of exceeding parameters should be available to ETP / CETP /FETP operators and concerned authorities.

10. CETP / FETP facility is generally meant for small and medium scale units which cannotafford costly treatment or technology. Effluent discharge more than 25 KLD should notbe sent to such common facilities but to be treated at own site (ETP). Streamsegregation and interlocking device mentioned in para 8 and 9 above for self monitoringand control should be installed and operated by all big units having effluent discharge

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more than 25 KLD and also by those units which can adversely affect the results ofCETP / FETP. This shall be clearly mentioned in EIA report.

11. In case of effluent discharge proposed, the adequacy of the receiving body for acceptingthe new load shall be properly assessed and related mitigation measures shall also bementioned. Letter of acceptance from the common facility operator shall be submitted.

12. Water Environment related aspects raised during the public hearing shall be properlyaddressed in the mitigation aspects.

13. If sea water is available nearby, possibility of RO Plant to convert it into de-mineralized(DM) water to be used in processes and elsewhere shall be mentioned.

9. Air Environment:

1. Baseline Air Quality shall be assessed as per the guidelines specified by the MoEF,GOI.

2. All potential sources of air pollution (including emissions from processes, flue gases,the steam/power generation and other such utilities, fugitive emissions and vapours,gases and dusting due to manufacturing processes, handling and transportation etc.)shall be identified and properly documented. Only approved fuel shall be used. Wherenatural gas is available as clean fuel, other fuel shall not be used.

3. The prediction of impacts due to these air pollutants (including noise) shall be doneusing proper models, software, formulae, equations, etc. and the significance andmagnitude shall be determined. Assessment shall be given by comparing thesecalculated or predicted quantities (toxic concentration, pressure, temperature, heatenergy etc.) with the permissible limits.

4. The control measures shall be proposed for mitigating the potential adverse impactsbased on its significance and magnitude. Whenever the control measures areproposed, the details of the air pollution control equipments along with its efficacy,validation, O&M aspects, shall be adequately mentioned. APCM including scrubber,column- condenser, vent cooler, odour killer, flare, ESP, incinerator, etc shall workefficiently and continuously.

5. In case of existing plant, records of last 3 years and adverse or compliance remarkfrom GPCB and CPCB shall be submitted.

6. Air Environment related aspects raised during the public hearing shall be properlyaddressed in the mitigation aspects.

10. Land Environment:

1. Detailed key plan indicating the location with respect to surrounding land use and adetailed site plan indicating the areas for construction, roads, gates, pipelines,hydrants, greenbelt, parking, development and future expansion etc. shall also besubmitted on the said plan.

2. The baseline status of the land environment including the land-use pattern and the soilquality shall be properly determined using scientific information. Satellite imagesshall be given and interpreted. See annexure C also.

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3. All potential project activities which are likely to have impacts on land environmentshall be properly identified.

4. The likely impacts due to the project induced development shall also be identified fordeveloping the mitigation action plans.

5. The prediction of impacts on land environment using proper methods such assoftware, maps, plans, etc. shall be done and the significance and magnitude of thepotential adverse impacts shall be determined. Assessment shall be given bycomparing with the standards.

6. The control measures shall be proposed for mitigating the potential adverse impactson the land environment and soil characteristics based on its significance andmagnitude.

7. Land Environment related aspects raised during the public hearing shall be properlyaddressed in the mitigation measures.

8. Likely generation of solid and hazardous wastes from the processes and other projectactivities and their collection, storage, transportation and disposal systems shall bementioned. The specific measures required for safe handling and disposal of the saidwaste shall be highlighted. Wherever the waste is proposed to be disposed of into thecommon TSDF or incineration facilities, the membership letter along with thecapacity of the said facility to accept this additional waste shall be attached. It shall bementioned that the TSDF / Incinerator is meeting with the prescribed norms or not.

9. In case of own TSDF and/or incineration, the design of the same along with thecompliance of the CPCB guidelines including the liner systems, slopes, layers etc forTSDF and temperature, dual chamber, residence time, products of combustion etc. forincinerators shall be specifically addressed. In case of such existing facility, It shall bementioned that the TSDF / Incinerator is meeting with the prescribed norms or not.

11. Noise Environment:

1. The ambient noise quality / baseline status of the noise environment shall be properlydetermined and reported for day and night hours.

2. All potential sources of noise pollution (including the sources like noisy and vibratingmachinery, pneumatic conveyors, DG sets, compressors, heavy machinery andequipments, transportation and other project activities) shall be identified and properlydocumented.

3. The prediction of impacts due to these sources shall be done using proper models,software, formulae, equations, etc. and the significance and magnitude shall bedetermined. Assessment shall be given by comparing with the permissible limits.

4. The control measures shall be proposed for mitigating the potential adverse impactsbased on its significance and magnitude. Whenever the control measures areproposed, the details of the same shall be adequately addressed. The engineeringcontrol measures for noise and vibration reduction are more desirable. Then PPE shallbe used.

5. Noise related aspects raised during the public hearing shall be properly addressed inthe mitigation aspects.

6. For existing plant, records of last 3 years and adverse or compliance remark fromGPCB and CPCB shall be submitted.

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12. Protection of Workers and Public from Adverse Impacts:

Definition of ‘Environment’ u/s 2(a) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986includes ‘human beings’.

Definition of ‘Hazardous Substance’ u/s 2(e) of the same Act speaks of ‘harm tohuman beings’.

Definition of ‘Hazardous Waste’ u/r 3(14) of the Hazardous Wastes (Management &Handling) Rules 1989 speaks of ‘danger to health’ and accident at facility is consideredreportable u/r 10.

Definition of ‘Major Accident’, its notification, safety report, safety audit report,on-site and off-site emergency plans, information to public likely to be affected, thresholdquantities of chemicals, hazardous operations and processes, Material Safety Data Sheetsetc. are prescribed under the ‘Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous ChemicalsRules 1989.

‘Chemical Accident’, ‘Major Chemical Accident’ and different crisis groups areincluded in the Chemical Accidents (Emergency, Planning, Preparedness and Response)Rules 1996.

Similarly the Factories Act 1948 and the Gujarat Factories Rules 1963 provide formany aspects of safety and health of the workers and the public.

EIA document while including ‘Environment’, certainly expects causes and controlmeasures of adverse impacts on workers and public as human beings. They are the mostvital part of the environment and first to be protected.

Therefore following topics of safety and health of the workers and public should beproperly addressed in EIA document.

1 Types of accidents likely to happen during construction, operation and waste disposalphases of a new or expansion project.

2 Health effects (including occupational disease or poisoning) possible during phasesmentioned in para – 1 above.

3 In case of existing and expanding unit, figures of accidents and occupational diseasesduring last five years should be reported.

4 Hazardous properties of the raw materials, intermediates, products and by-productsshould be mentioned along with their maximum quantity and number and type ofstorage containers at site. Small size storage tanks are preferable than big size tanks.

5 List of hazardous processes and hazards possible due to them.

6 Areas of poor illumination, poor ventilation, confined spaces, working at height, gas-cylinders storage, tank farm, switch yard, dangerous machines and gas pipe linesshould be indicated. Areas of fire, explosion or toxic release possibilities shall beclearly mentioned.

7 Points suggested in different Formats (Annexure) and guidelines stated in Part Bshould be included.

Control measures to be planned at design stage should include applicable statutoryrequirements such as:-

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1. Fire fighting arrangement including water reservoir, tanks, pumps, hydrants, firetenders, fire detectors and alarms, fire extinguishing system, fire exits, trained staff,alternate power (eg. DG set) etc.

2. Toxic and flammable gas leak detection, alarm and control system.

3. Railing, guarding, earthing, heat insulation, noise control, safety fittings & devices,interlocking, trips and alarms, PLC/ DCS Control, local exhaust ventilation, purging,blanketing, showering and similar protection systems for machines, vessels andprocess safety. Two stage condenser or scrubber and vent cooling to reduce airpollution. HAZOP study before operation is useful.

4. Provisions to be made at operational phase viz safety policy, safety committee, safetymanual, on-site emergency plan, safety training, safety audit, risk assessment, medicalexaminations of the workers etc.

Brief mention of these items at EIA stage is sufficient.

13. Risk Management

1. For existing and expanding projects, risk assessment shall be submitted based on exactquantities of the hazardous materials and their processes / activities on site.

2. For new projects this shall be done from the assumed (predicted) quantities andactivities at site.

3. In case of possibility of toxic gas release (e.g. Cl2, NH3, H2S, Phosgene etc) damagedistances with concentration and in case of flammable gas release (e.g. LPG, NG,Propylene, Kerosene, solvent vapour etc) damage distances with heat energy effect orin case of explosion possibility (VCE, UVCE, BLEVE etc) over pressure damagedistances due to bursting effect shall be calculated by appropriate formulae orcomputer software (eg:. Effects, Safeti, Phast, Aloha, Cirrus etc)

4. For toxic damage criteria, Lethal toxicity levels LC50 are to be considered for riskassessment purpose. Where LC50 is not available, LOC, IDLH or STEL shall beconsidered for calculation. LC50 for some gases for healthy humans at rest are as under

GAS LC50 at 30 minutesMethyl isocyanate 34

Phosgene 53HCN 131Cl2 500H2S 640Br2 750HF 1200SO2 2300NH3 11500

Source: Withers, R.M.J., Foundations for simple computer models,Loughborough University of Technology, MHC 186/2, PP 4-8, 1986.

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5. For thermal damage criteria, heat flux levels - 1.6 kw/m2 for pain threshold to 37.5kw/m2 for 99% fatality - are reported. Consider 4.0 kw/m2 for risk assessment purposeas threshold value of injury.

6. For explosion or over pressure damage criteria, peak overpressure levels - 0.01 barfor cracks in glass to 1.7 bar for bursting of lung are reported. Consider 0.02 bar forrisk assessment purpose as an effect of minor glass damage.

7. Risks will be identified from hazards existing or reasonably assumed (predicted). Twotypes of scenario are possible:

(1) The worst case scenario which is rarely possible and indicates total orcatastrophic failure of the vessel or system. Consider escape of whole mass inthis case.

(2) The MCA (maximum credible accident) scenario which is mostly possibleand most reasonable. It takes place when control measures fail eg:. Leakagefrom outlet valve, joint or pipe, release from safety valve opening, ventopening, stack release, hole or puncture in pipe or vessel or transport vehicleetc. In case of uneven rapture, equivalent diameter should be considered forsource strength calculation.

8. Prevailing wind velocity (eg:. 2 to 5 m/s) and direction at the project site should beconsidered. Weather condition ‘D’ (neutral) shall be assumed for calculation purpose.

9. The results shall be plotted on the project plot boundary from point of source to 5 kmor zero damage distance whichever is maximum. Distance of the lethal concentrationLC50 (Toxic effect), 4.0 kw/m2 (Heat radiation effect) and 0.02 bar peak over pressurefor glass bursting (Explosion effect) shall be shown by different colours.

10. The results of risk assessment calculation in above manner shall be properly presentedbefore SEAC.

11. When risk due to toxic or flammable gas is not possible because of absence of suchmaterial, activity-wise risk assessment (metrix method) or raw material wise riskassessment (formula method, Risk=Probability x Severity) shall be carried out fromthe existing or assumed (predicted) hazardous activities.

12. Results of risk assessment shall be used in estimating preparedness in On-site and Off-side emergency plans. Depending on type and gravity of risk, list the control measuresto be provided.

13. Risk control measures include : Risk avoidance, Risk prevention, Risk reduction,Risk transfer (contract to skilled persons) and Insurance for risks which cannot beretained and handled by the company.

Avoid the risk in initial planning (eg. selection of technology) by avoiding oreliminating the use of hazardous substances (see Cleaner Production, Part A-7). Findless hazardous substitutes.

If avoidance is not possible, prevent the risks by appropriate engineeringcontrols.

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Risks can be reduced from very beginning if small size storage tanks instead ofbig size tanks, metal tanks instead of plastic tanks, low pressure / low temperatureprocesses instead of high pressure / high temperature processes, low speed machinesinstead of high speed and low energy equipments instead of high energy equipmentsare selected at planning stage.

Make short term and long term program for risk management. Where 'zerodamage distance' ends within project premises, planning of on site emergency planand where it crosses the project boundary, additional planning of off site emergencyplan becomes necessary.

Prevent the spread of toxic or flammable liquid by necessary dyke, curb,diversion and their safe disposal in confined area (for pool spread).

Toxic gas or LEL detectors with alarm and automatic fire fighting systemshould be included in planning. List of antidotes and medical help centers shall beready.

Purpose of EIA is safe planning and avoidance of risk from beginning.

14. Parking Area, Entry and Exit Criteria

1. For all building construction and area development projects (falling at Sr. No. 8 of theschedule of the EIA Notification, 2006) the parking area shall be provided based on therequirements as per the National Building Code or the local bye laws or DevelopmentControl Regulations, whichever is higher. Twenty percent more parking area should beconsidered to include future requirement.

2. For industrial projects, the requirements for parking shall be calculated based on the peakload of traffic i.e. vehicles’ entry to the premises (1) for unloading of raw materials (2) forloading of finished goods (3) for transportation of men power and shall be providedadequately to ensure that there is no traffic blockages on road or roadside parking creatingnuisance.

3. For all industrial and building construction projects, the entry and exit shall be providedseparately for safe and smooth movement of vehicles entering and exiting the premises.Unidirectional flow of vehicles is desired to avoid head- on collisions. Mirrors should beprovided at blind corners or turning points. ‘Blow horn’ notices should also displayed.

For building construction projects, see Part B-3.

15 Greenbelt Development:

1. Definition: A green belt is a policy and land use designation used in land use planning toretain areas of largely undeveloped, wild or agricultural land surrounding or neighboringurban areas. Similar concepts are greenways or green wedges which have a linearcharacter and may run through an urban area instead of around it. The greenbelt is astrip of land provided on the periphery of town for the special purpose of limiting thegrowth of a town. Promotion of tree plantation around industrial establishment alsocame to be known as green belt. The land contained in the green belt is to be used forcarrying out the agricultural activities.

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2. Purposes :

The stated objective of green belt policy are to :

(1) Protect and develop natural or semi natural environments;

(2) Improve air quality within industrial and urban areas;

(3) Insure that urban dwellers have access to countryside, with consequent educationaland recreational opportunities; and

(4) Protect the unique character of rural communities which might otherwise beabsorbed by expanding suburbs.

3. Advantages:

(1) Green belts are compensatory plantation to restore the ecological balance.

(2) Green belts insure a minimum distance between the industrial sources of pollutionand the receptors/ residential areas, prone to the health hazards of industrialpollution.

(3) Green belts can absorb the air and water pollution caused by the industry. Forexample, Noise can be decreased by up to 10 decibels by green belts.

(4) Trees not only assimilate carbon dioxide and release oxygen but also play animportant role in trapping some obnoxious gases and particulate matters in the air.Hence green belt functions both as filter and sink for contaminants.

(5) Green belts can improve the local microclimate. These occur mainly through theirinfluence on wind, temperature and humidity.

(6) Green belts provide picnic spot and recreation grounds.

(7) In the dryer part of the area, the trees reduce the effect of dryness and desiccate hotwind and increase the availability of soil moisture.

4. Which plants / trees should be selected for green belt area?

For the development of greenbelt, plants having simple big leaves are preferredwith compound or pinnate leaves. Native trees are preferable.

The plants are suitable for green belt development based on gaseous exchangecapacity of foliage which is ascertained by various characteristics and hence thefollowing aspects are important while selecting the plant species:

(1) The species should be fast growing and having thick canopy cover

(2) It should be perennial and evergreen and should have large area index

(3) It should be indigenous and suitable to local climatic conditions

(4) It should be efficient in absorbing pollutants without significant effects on plantgrowth

(5) It should be fruit yielding trees, if possible, especially in wasteland areas.

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5. Some important trees, which could be planted in Gujarat with respect to suggestedspecific areas :-

Sr.No.

Name of the tree Gujarati Name

ુSpecific area

1 Acacia catechu ખરે Dang, Rajpimpala, Dharampur,Songadh, Vyara

2 Salvadora peryica પીડ ુ Saurastra, Kachchh

3 Terminalia tomentosa સાદડ Except dry area

4 Dalbergia sissoo સીસમ Vadodara. Anand, Ahmedabad, Dahod,Kheda, Bharuch, Valsad, Mehsana

5 Peltophorumpterocarpum

પટા ફો રમે

6 Ailanthus exceisa સરસોુ Dry region of Saurastara, Chotaudepur,Devgadhbaria, Godhara, Banaskantha

7 Pithecellobium dulee ગોરસ બ લી South Gujarat,

8 Acacia tartilis ઈઝરાયલી બાવળ9 Prosopis juliflora ગાડો બાવળં Kachchh, Gujarat

10 Azadirachta indica લીમડો Dang, Rajpimpala, North Gujarat

11 Syzygium cuminii ં ુ All over Gujarat

12 Dalbergia jatifolia સીસમ Dang, Vyara, Rajpimpala

13 Diospyrosmelanoxylon

ટમ ુ Dang, Ranjpimpala

14 Madhuca indica મડોુ Except Kachchh

15 Ougeinnia ougeinensis તણછ South Gujarat and North Gujarat

16 Cassia siamea ુ ં Ornamental tree not seen in a forest area

17 Dendrocalamus strictusBambusa bambos

વાસં Dang, Dediyapada

18 Gmelina arborea સવને South Gujarat, good population wherethere is heavy rain

19 Casuarina equisetifolia શ Sea coat, saurastra

20 Pterocarpus marsupium બીયો South Gujarat

21 Acecia niiotica બાવળ Dry zone

22 Leucaena leucocephela બા વળુ Dry zone

23 Tectona grandis સાગ All forest in Gujarat

24 Ficus bengalensis વડ All over Gujarat

25 Zizyphus mauritiana મોરડ બોર Saurastra, Kachchh, North Gujarat

31

6. Pollution Control Through Tree Plantation :

Some trees are useful as under:

Dust Absorbers : For Air Pollution Attenuation :

Azadirachta indica (Neem) Terminalia tomentosa (Asan)

Melia azaderach (Mahaneem) Acacia auriculiformis (Babul)

Terminalia arjuna (Arjun) Polyalthia longifolia (Debdari)

Cassia fistula (Amaltas) Ficus benghalensis (Banyan)

Bauhinia variegate (Kachnar) Mangifera indica (Aam)

Nerium odorata (Kaner)

Ficus elastica

7. The proposed greenbelt development plan should include:

1. Detailed plan for greenbelt development including the area, diversity and density ofplantation, types of species and budgetary allocation for the same.

2. While selecting the species to be planted in the greenbelt, the following should beconsidered.

(1) Greenbelt should cover perennial trees as far as possible. Development oflawns, small ornamental flowering plants, seasonal plants etc. should not becounted as a part of greenbelt in the conservation plan.

(2) Locally occurring species which can easily be grown, should be givenpreference in greenbelt development.

(3) Any particular species of plant which may be needed in that area from thepoint of view of soil conservation, moisture conservation, pollution control,dust control, wildlife habitat etc. may also be given preference while decidingthe species to be included in the greenbelt.

(4) The number of trees as well as the area to be covered by the greenbelt shouldbe mentioned. At least 33% of the plot area and the whole periphery shouldbe covered by green belt.

(5) The plan should indicate how the greenbelt will be raised, irrigated andmaintained over a long run. The detailed plan for greenbelt development forat least five years shall be submitted.

(6) Contribution to awareness generation about conservation of trees and natureshould also form the conservation plan.

32

Part – B : Project Specific Aspects

1 Information required from all projects.See Annexure-A for the common format for all types of projects.

2 Information required from Chemical ProjectsSee Annexure-B for the format for chemical projects.

3 Construction Projects :

All building construction and area development projects lead to environmental

impacts if not implemented in environmentally sound manner. The impacts could be

during the pre-construction, construction and operation phases and hence need to be

addressed adequately. The SEAC recommends the project proponents to follow the

guidelines/manual prepared by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of

India, for this purpose.

However, the following important aspects are expected to be covered by all projects

falling in this category i.e. 8(a) and 8(b) of the Schedule of the EIA Notification, 2006.

1. Requirement of site clearance, site preparation and impacts thereof e.g. careful

removal of trees with density and diversity, least disturbance to flora and fauna of

the site, excess soil to be generated and its safe disposal, etc.

2. Minimum disturbance to the existing land use, contours, etc.

3. Proper land use planning, building orientation and design to ensure the maximum

use of natural wind and light.

4. The margins, open spaces, common plots, staircases, openings, etc. shall be provided

as per the provisions of the National Building Code. Margins and common spaces

should not be blocked by any construction or obstruction. Two or more staircases

shall be provided on each floor in high rise building (more than four floors).

Approach distance to any staircase should not be more than 30 mt on each floor.

5. Control of impacts during the construction phase e.g. noise, air pollution,

disturbance, if any, to the natural resources, disposal of debries, sewage, etc.

33

Mitigation measures and clearly defined environmental management plan for

implementation of these mitigation measures should be worked out.

6. Mode of collection and storage of top soil for its preservation and reuse for greenbelt

development keeping in view the existing local facilities available and need for

providing better amenities to the communities.

7. Collection, storage and disposal of construction debris to avoid nuisance to public

and negative impacts on nearby land use.

8. Source of water, mode of extraction and impact on the source in case of groundwater

extraction along with the permission from the Central Ground Water Authority, if

necessary, and plan for mitigating the negative impacts, if any, due to extraction of

the groundwater.

9. Water harvesting and water recharge schemes with detailed calculations to make the

project water positive as far as recharge is concerned.

10. Impacts due to energy consumption along with mitigation of negative impacts,

provision for renewable or non-conventional energy, measures for energy

conservation and compliance to the Bureau of Energy Efficiency’s guidelines onECBC, are all necessary.

11. Provision of adequate space for parking is a crucial aspect and shall be adopted as

per the requirement of the National Building Code. Proper arrangements for safe and

smooth traffic of the vehicles entering and exiting the building(s) shall be provided.

Valley parking, guided parking, mechanized parking, etc. shall be considered

appropriately. Unidirectional flow to avoid head-on collision is safer.

12. Use of environmentally friendly building construction materials like fly-ash bricks

and blocks shall be maximized.

13. Compliance of the Building and other Construction Workers Act,1996 and the

Gujarat Building and other Construction Workers Rules,2003, is statutory.

34

4 Mining Projects :

Mining of minerals leads to environmental hazards, if not carried out with adequatemitigation measures. The mining projects lead to environmental impacts during the pre-mining, during mining and post mining phases and hence required to incorporate certainmitigation measures for safe and environmentally sound operations.

In addition to safety and environmental provisions of the Mines Act and Rules and theExplosives Act and Rules and their departmental guidelines, following points should alsobe addressed in EIA document.

1. Pre-mining environmental protection measures:

(1) In case of cluster of mines, the regional assessment of cumulative impacts to bekept in mind and regional environmental management plan may be drawn. Thedecision-making also has to be strategic for cluster of mines located in aparticular region.

(2) For large scale mining through cluster approach, the carrying capacity (bothsupportive and assimilative capacity) of the environment/ region should beassessed for ensuring sustainable development of the region.

(3) The site selection criteria include mining distance from the nearby habitation,wildlife protected areas or any such sensitive receptors etc.

(4) The habitats of important species should be protected.

(5) Ecological stability of the region and preservation of the home to the threatenedbiodiversity should be kept in mind while site selection.

(6) The natural home for threatened and important avian species should beconserved.

(7) Requirements for clearing the site – e.g. the number of trees required to be cutalong with their importance as per the IUCN list or their medicinal value, etc.

(8) Pre-mining environmental protection / pollution abatement measures keepingin view the proposed mining activities (this would help curbing the pollution ofair and water during the mining period). e.g. the plantation along the miningsite boundary if carried out before mining, would help curbing the air pollutionduring mining phase.

(9) The nature of mining or other requirements including the chemicals that mightbe used or seepage from such mining activities may be addressed properly.

(10) The natural drainage pattern, hydrology of the area, etc. to be kept in mindwhile site selection and site preparation. Likely blockages of the natural drains

35

and / or water pooling/ flooding have to be attended before commencingmining operations.

(11) For mining near the sea coast and in salt affected areas, the likely issues ofsalinity ingress to be kept in mind while site selection.

(12) Specific care should be taken for riverbed mining keeping in view the nature ofriver, sediment load to be received at lease area, river bank erosion possibility,engineering structures in the vicinity of the river banks, etc.

2. During mining environmental protection measures

(1) Surface miners should be used instead of blasting in case of mining oflimestone, etc. to avoid the air (dust) and noise pollution as well as riskassociated with blasting. In case, the surface miners are not proposed, thedetailed justifications for not using the same and specific precautionarymeasures to be incorporated in proposed alternative mode of mining arerequired to be incorporated in the EIA reports.

(2) Types of the detonators that could be permitted should be identified and madepublished in the public interest for ensuring minimum environmental andhealth hazards – the blasting should be totally controlled.

(3) The fly rocks, debries, dust and high noise due to blasting should not reach tothe nearby habitation, roads, etc. The blasting should be carried out duringprescribed time period in consultation with affected people.

(4) Water sprinkling (preferably through the water harvested in abandoned mines)on mine sites and also on the transportation corridors to curb the air pollutiongenerated.

(5) The transportation of mined out minerals must be carried out in closed trucks,alternatively covered with tarpaulin sheets to avoid the dust pollution due tosuch transportation.

(6) The natural course of nearby water bodies, their catchment areas need to beprotected.

(7) The mining must be carried out in benches in such a way that minimumdistance from the water table is maintained to avoid the water logging, salinityingress, etc.

(8) Mine over burdens shall be kept on one side in such a way that the top soil ispreserved for use in future for back filling with over burden and plantation overtop soil.

(9) Occupational health impacts especially respiratory and pulmonary diseases,asbestosis, pneumoconiosis need to be addressed for the mining workers. The

36

Personal Protective Equipments such as masks, helmets, gloves, etc. must beprovided to the workers depending upon the nature of the work involved.Medical examinations and training for workers are utmost necessary.

(10) The issues related to noise pollution, vibration, etc. also needs to be addressedappropriately.

(11) The waste disposal including the under size mining material should be done inenvironmental friendly manner in consultation with the locals.

(12) Strong Corporate Social Responsibility criteria be fixed for betterment of theworkers, project affected people and nearby residents in addition to that for thefaunal and floral diversity.

3. Post mining environmental protection measures

(1) Natural site recovery plan should be pre-requisite. The site has to be restored tothe extent possible.

(2) The abandoned mine sites should be fully secured with wire fencing or anysuch methods to avoid falling of animals and loss of lives when such sites arefull of water harvested during the rainy seasons.

(3) There have been reports of drowning of children who have jumped intoabandoned mine sites full of water. Appropriate signage, security andprotection measures are necessary.

(4) The mine over burdens should be back filled fully in part of the mine sites toavoid heaps of such materials on one hand and depression due to mining onother hand. Proper leveling and adequate plantation shall have to be done.Preferably locally predominant species shall be selected for plantation.

(5) Adequate slopes should be maintained to ensure that the animals, people cancome out without any problem if they reach by chance or fall in abandonedmines.

(6) The post mining study for water quality and ecosystem degradation orimprovement, if any, should be carried out to establish the relations andlearning the lessons for future.

(7) The possibilities can be explored to utilize the old mines for various purposessuch as Wild life refuges, golf coarse, underground storage facilities, solidwaste disposal areas, etc that can be beneficiary to the society.

37

AnnexureAnnexure A

FORMAT OF FIRST PRESENTATION BY APPLICANT BEFORE THE SEAC, GUJARATSTATE (For Industrial Projects other than Chemical Industries)

Objective of this format:

Based on past hearing of numerous applicants by the SEAC, it was felt necessary to design andpublish a format of first presentation before the SEAC for the object of containing only thoseinformation which are :

(1) Very basic and essential to understand generation of environmental impacts, their effects andcontrol measures while hearing at the first instance.

(2) Focusing basic and quantitative data of –

(A) General information.(B) Products.(C) Raw materials.(D) Wastes Generation, Hazards and Control.(E) Analysis of Pollution Parameters before and after treatment.(F) Resource Consumption and Conservation(G) Risk estimation.

(3) Useful in saving time of decision because of really required information produced.

(4) Helping to prepare many data of ‘Details’ prescribed in the last column of Form-1, under EIANotification dated 14-9-2006. Thus, this format facilitates and provides details required byForm-1.

Please refer and follow the ‘General Guidelines for Project Proponents’ supplied to youby the SEAC (Part A-3 of these guidelines).

Table A: General Information

(1) Name and location of the Project: __________

(2) Has any construction work/activity started and going on at site?

(3) Have you made any application for category A project to MoEF, Delhi, at the same premises?

(4) Details of Applicant :

(A) Full Name :

(B) Address (i) Postal :

(ii) E-mail :

(C) Phone (i) Land line :(ii) Mobile :(iii) Fax :

(D) Website :

38

(5) Is application for new project or for expansion or for product mix ?

(6) Is land procured or to be procured for new project or for expansion?

(7) Is location falling within 10 km radius from the notified wildlife sanctuary / Parks or any suchecologically sensitive or critically polluted areas?

(8) Is your location fulfilling the requirements of any other Environment or Safety laws orGuidelines? (eg.Rule 5 of E(P) Rules) If not, give reasons.

(9) Attach the following three maps (appropriate size and fully legible) :-

(A) Showing your location by satellite imagery (at least the Google or Bhuvan image).

(B) Showing your project and surrounding with approach roads.

(C) Showing your plant (plot) layout with North direction, approach roads, entry and exit gatesand two or more staircases on each floor in high rise building (more than four floors).Approach distance to any staircase should not be more than 30 mt on each floor. Show theinside plants (existing and proposed) with block diagram.

(10) (A) Total Cost of the Project in Rs. _________ and

(B) Total plot area of the project ________ m2

(11) (A) Screening category (as per EIA notification dtd 14-9-2006) :

(B) Scoping / Proposed Terms of Reference (TOR) for EIA studies :

(12) Manpower (including contract workers) data—

Total workers in all shifts StatusMale Female Total

(A) New or Current(B) Expansion(C) Product mix

Total

Note: In case of new project, please give the proposed (estimated) figures.

Following information are required from existing plant which has applied for expansionor product mix. New plant may reply like “This will be done or provided”

(13) Give record of last three years for any legal breach of Environmental and Safety laws, show-cause notice, closure etc.

(14) Give record of last three years of fatal and non-fatal accidents and dangerous occurrencesunder the Gujarat Factories Rules 1963 (GFR) for factories.

(15) Are records of medical examinations of workers maintained as per GFR? (Indicative of healthhazards, accidents and pollution effects. If not, give reasons and state your alternatives.

39

(16) Are first-aid centre, antidotes and arrangement of ambulance van provided for injuredworkers? If not, give reasons and state your alternatives.

(17) Is On-site Emergency Plan prepared and rehearsed? If not, give reasons and state youralternatives.

(18) Is arrangement for training to workers for safety and pollution control made? If not, givereasons and state your alternatives.

(19) In case of main power failure, alternate power is necessary to run the essential machinery,pump- motors, stirrers, cooling- heating and other control media, furnaces, pollution controlequipment, ETP, fire water pumps, emergency equipment etc. Therefore, install and keep inreadiness DG sets of required capacity or CPP (captive power plant). Is it provided? If not,give reasons.

(20) Non-IBR (Baby or Unregistered) Boilers are not allowed from safety point of view. As peramendment in IBR (Indian Boiler Regulations), 2007, Boilers up to 500 liters water holdingcapacity are permitted with relaxation. Therefore use such ‘Small Industrial Boiler (SIB)’and get it registered with the Boiler Inspection Office or get ‘No objection certificate’ fromthat office. Have you done so? If not, give reasons. Use of registered IBR boiler is safe.

(21) Vent and stack gas detectors with alarm (set just below the permissible limit) should beprovided to control air pollution. Interlocking to stop excess emission is also necessary. This isin addition to other air pollution control equipment necessary. Have you made this provision?If not, give reasons.

(22) Flammable areas should be classified (Zone 0,1,2) and they should be protected by sparkavoidance and flameproof electric fittings. Failure to do so may result in heavy fire orexplosion, which in turn, can pollute the sky with dense gas clouds and injuries to the public.Have you made this provision? If not, give reasons.

(23) Toxic chemicals (including pesticides) should be manufactured, stored and used with utmostsafety, because directly or with fire, they emit poisonous gases in atmosphere, pollute the skydangerously and may also affect public adversely. What is your arrangement?

(24) Are Qualified Safety Officer, Supervisors and Factory Medical Officer employed forhazardous processes? Refer section 40-B of the Factories Act and Rule 68-S and 68-U of theGujarat Factories Rules (GFR). If not, give reasons and state your alternatives.

(25) Are equipment/instrument to measure, record and analyze workplace exposure including airand water quality, noise, vibration, heat stress, ventilation, illumination etc. procured and usedby you? If not, what is your arrangement? Is Form-37, GFR (indicative of workplace hazardor pollution) maintained for factory? Is any industrial hygienist employed?

In tables B to G given below, where the words (a) New (b) Expansion and (c) Product mixare used, they have the meaning specified in para 2(i), 2(ii) and 2(iii) respectively, in EIANotification dated 14-9-2006.

In case of ‘New project’, scientifically calculated / estimated figures are to be given andcolumns are to be filled accordingly.

Tick mark (√) project status (a), (b) or (c) as applicable.

40

Table B: ProductsProject Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

No. of container & sizeat site

Sr.No

Full name ofthe product

ProductionRate

MT/day

State i.e.solid /

Liquid / gas No. MT

1 2 3 4 5 6

Table C: Raw Materials

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

No. of container& size at site

Storage Parameters Sr. No Fullname ofthe rawmaterial

State i.e.Solid,

liquid or gas

No. MT Pressure

Kg/cm2

Temp. °C

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Table D: Wastes Generation, Hazards and Controls

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

Sr.No

Name ofthe wastegenerated

State i.e. solid,liquid or gas

Source ofWasteGeneration

Rate ofWaste

GenerationKL/day or

MT/day

State wisequantity of

totaluntreatedwaste at

site

Hazardspossible

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Contd…

Control measures provided

Type of ETP / CETP /incinerator and its

capacity or disposalrate

KLD or MT/day

Type of Air pollutionmeasurement &

control equipment

Type of solid wastedisposal arrangement

Others

8 9 10 11

Note: Hazard or pollution control plant or equipment should be properly designed to meetwith the statutory requirements.

41

Table E: Analysis of Pollution Parameters Before and After Treatment

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

Land (soil) EffluentSr.No Parameters

-- pH, bulkdensity,elements,heavymetals,mineralsetc.

BeforeProject(baseline

data)

Afterplant

working(after

impactsand

control)

Standards/Normsprescribed

Parameters-

Sp.gravity,pH, BOD,COD, SS,TDS, heavymetals, oil &grease,colour,temp., toxiccompound,etc.

Beforetreatment

(at theETPinlet)

Aftertreatment

(at theETP

outlet)*

Standards/ Norms

prescribed

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Contd.

Air and Noise

Source and Parameters such asParticulate matter, gas & dustemission, air temperature, noise etc.

Before treatmentor controlmeasures

After treatmentor after control

measures *

Standards / Normsprescribed

Location Parameter

10 11 12 13 14

* Explain the treatment process and technology.

Table F: Resource Consumption and Conservation

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

Land

Tree plantation

(Green belt) m2

Sr.No Total Project

Area

m2

Marginareakeptopen

m2

Provided(for

existingplant)

To be

Provided

Measuresprovided toprevent soilpollution or

erosion

Area kept open forfuture expansion, ifany, and its current

usage.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

42

Contd.

Water Air

Effluent

Source &quantityavailable

KL/day

Totalconsumption

KL/day

Generated

KL/day

Recycledor reusedKL/day

Rain waterharvesting,

rechargingetc. withquantity

Air pollutingactivities –processes,

machines etc.

Air pollutioncontrol measures

provided (dustseparators,

collectors, LEV*,flare, incinerator

etc)

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Contd.

Electricity Fuel Steam / Thermic fluid

Connectedload

KW/MWStock at site

FromElectricityCo.

FromDG /CPP

Consumptio

n

KW /day

Conservationprogra

mName Qty.

KL

Consumption

KL/day

Conservationprogra

m

Type &No of

Boilersor

Heaters

Steamor oil

consumptionrate

MT/day

Conservatio

nprogra

m

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Note :(1) * LEV = Local exhaust ventilation to capture and collect dust, gas etc at source.(2) Use of ‘wood’ as a fuel should be substituted by gas, oil, etc. If natural gas is available, other fuel

will not be used.(3) If you use or intend to use (in case of new project or expansion of existing project) resources other

than stated above, give their names, source and stock at site, rate of consumption (KL/day) andconservation program.

(4) ETP / CETP / FETP and all pollution control measures should be properly designed to fulfill thestatutory requirements or norms.

Table G: Risk Estimation

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

Sr.No

Shortdescription ofScenario (At

least one Worstcase and one

MCA*scenario)

Type ofhazard

possible

Types of risks such as

Fire, Explosion, Toxic release orother Harm

Probability (frequencyor likelihood)

1 2 3 4 5

43

Contd.

Severity #

Type ofinjury

possiblee.g. burn,fracture,death,

etc.

Extent orconcentratio

n

ppm, mg/m3,kw/m2, psi,

etc.

Damagedistance

from source(meters)

Persons andproperty likelyto be affectedwithin damage

distance

No injurydistance with

criteria #

Risk controlmeasures provided

6 7 8 9 10 11

* MCA = Maximum credible accident.

# (1) For toxic gases - LC50 or IDLH or LOC

(2) For Heat radiation – 4.0 KW/m2, and

(3) For Explosion overpressure - 0.02 bar.

Note : Suppression of correct information or giving wrong or insufficient information may result inrejection of application or clearance at any stage.

44

Annexure B

FORMAT OF FIRST PRESENTATION BY APPLICANT BEFORE THE SEAC, GUJARATSTATE (For Chemical Industry Projects)

Objective of this format:

Based on past hearing of numerous applicants by the SEAC, it was felt necessary to design andpublish a format of first presentation before the SEAC for the object of containing only thoseinformation which are :

(1) Very basic and essential to understand generation of environmental impacts, their effects andcontrol measures while hearing at the first instance.

(2) Focusing basic and quantitative data of –

(A) General information.(B) Products.(C) Raw materials.(D) Wastes Generation, Hazards and Control.(E) Analysis of Pollution Parameters before and after treatment.(F) Resource Consumption and Conservation(G) Risk estimation.

(3) Useful in saving time of decision because of really required information produced.

(4) Helping to prepare many data of ‘Details’ prescribed in the last column of Form-1, under EIANotification dated 14-9-2006. Thus, this format facilitates and provides details required byForm-1.

Please refer and follow the ‘General Guidelines for Project Proponents’ supplied to youby the SEAC (Part A-3 of these guidelines).

Table A: General Information

(1) Name and location of the Project: __________

(2) Has any construction work/activity started and going on at site?

(3) Have you made any application for category A project to MoEF, Delhi, at the same premises?

(4) Details of Applicant:

(A) Full Name :

(B) Address (i) Postal :(ii) E-mail :

(C) Phone (i) Land line :(ii) Mobile :(iii) Fax :

(D) Website :

45

(5) Is application for new project or for expansion or for product mix ?

(6) Is land procured or to be procured for new project or for expansion?

(7) Is location falling within 10 km radius from the notified wildlife sanctuary / Parks or any suchecologically sensitive or critically polluted areas?

(8) Is your location fulfilling the requirements of any other Environment or Safety laws orGuidelines? (eg.Rules-5 of E(P) Rules) If not, give reasons.

(9) Attach the following three maps (appropriate size and fully legible) :-

(A) Showing your location by satellite imagery (at least the Google or Bhuvan image).

(B) Showing your project and surrounding with approach roads.

(C) Showing your plant (plot) layout with North direction, approach roads, entry and exit gatesand two or more staircases on each floor in high rise building (more than four floors).Approach distance to any staircase should not be more than 30 mt on each floor. Show theinside plants (existing and proposed) with block diagram.

(10) (A) Total Cost of the Project in Rs. _________ and

(B) Total plot area of the project ________ m2

(11) (A) Screening category (as per EIA notification dtd 14-9-2006) :

(B) Scoping / Proposed Terms of Reference (TOR) for EIA studies :

(12) Manpower (including contract workers) data—

Total workers in all shifts StatusMale Female Total

(a) New or Current(b) Expansion(c) Product mix

Total

Note: In case of new project, please give the proposed (estimated) figures.

Following information are required from existing plant which has applied for expansionor product mix. New plant may reply like “This will be done or provided”

(13) Give record of last three years for any legal breach of Environmental and Safety laws, show-cause notice, closure etc.

(14) Give record of last three years of fatal and non-fatal accidents and dangerous occurrencesunder the Gujarat Factories Rules 1963 (GFR) for factories.

(15) Are records of medical examinations of workers maintained as per GFR? (Indicative ofhealth hazards, accidents and pollution effects). If not, give reasons and state youralternatives.

46

(16) Are first-aid centre, antidotes and arrangement of ambulance van provided for injuredworkers? If not, give reasons and state your alternatives.

(17) Is On-site Emergency Plan prepared and rehearsed? If not, give reasons and state youralternatives.

(18) Is arrangement for training to workers for safety and pollution control made? If not, givereasons and state your alternatives.

(19) In case of main power failure, alternate power is necessary to run the essential machinery,pump- motors, stirrers, cooling- heating and other control media, furnaces, pollution controlequipment, ETP, fire water pumps, emergency equipment etc. Therefore, install and keep inreadiness DG sets of required capacity or CPP (captive power plant). Is it provided? If not,give reasons.

(20) Non-IBR (Baby or Unregistered) Boilers are not allowed from safety point of view. As peramendment in IBR (Indian Boiler Regulations), 2007, Boilers up to 500 liters water holdingcapacity are permitted with relaxation. Therefore use such ‘Small Industrial Boiler (SIB)’and get it registered with the Boiler Inspection Office or get ‘No objection certificate’ fromthat office. Have you done so? If not, give reasons. Use of registered IBR boiler is safe.

(21) Vent and stack gas detectors with alarm (set just below the permissible limit) should beprovided to control air pollution. Interlocking to stop excess emission is also necessary. Thisis in addition to other air pollution control equipment necessary. Have you made thisprovision? If not, give reasons.

(22) Flammable areas should be classified (Zone 0,1,2) and they should be protected by sparkavoidance and flameproof electric fittings. Failure to do so may result in heavy fire orexplosion, which in turn, can pollute the sky with dense gas clouds and injuries to the public.Have you made this provision? If not, give reasons.

(23) Toxic chemicals (including pesticides) should be manufactured, stored and used with utmostsafety, because directly or with fire, they emit poisonous gases in atmosphere, pollute the skydangerously and may also affect public adversely. What is your arrangement?

(24) Are Qualified Safety Officer, Supervisors and Factory Medical Officer employed forhazardous processes? Refer section 40-B of the Factories Act and Rule 68-S and 68-U of theGujarat Factories Rules (GFR). If not, give reasons and state your alternatives.

(25) Are equipment/instrument to measure, record and analyze workplace exposure includingair and water quality, noise, vibration, heat stress, ventilation, illumination etc. procured andused by you? If not, what is your arrangement? Is Form-37, GFR (indicative of workplacehazard or pollution) maintained for factory? Is any industrial hygienist employed?

In tables B to G given below, where the words (a) New (b) Expansion and (c) Product mixare used, they have the meaning specified in para 2(i), 2(ii) and 2(iii) respectively, in EIANotification dated 14-9-2006.

In case of ‘New project’, scientifically calculated / estimated figures are to be given andcolumns are to be filled accordingly. Tick mark (√) project status (a), (b) or (c) as applicable.

47

Table B: ProductsProject Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

No. ofcontainer &Size at site

Main properties (refer MSDS)Sr.No

Fullname oftheproduct

Production

RateMT/day

Statei.e.

solid /Liquid /

gasNo. MT B.P.

°CFl.P.

°CLELUEL%

TLVppmor

mg/m3

LD50

mg/Kg orLC50

mg/l1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Table C: Raw Materials

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

No. of container &size at site

Storage ParametersSr.No

Full name of theraw material

State i.e.Solid,

liquid or gas

No. MT Pressure

Kg/cm2

Temp. °C

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Contd—

Main properties (refer MSDS)

B.P. °C

Fl. P. °C

LELUEL

%

TLVppmor

mg/m3

LD50

mg/Kg orLC50 mg/l

SpecificGravity

(water =1)

Vapour

Density

(air =1)

Odour

threshold

ppm or

mg/m3

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Table D: Wastes Generation, Hazards and Controls

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

Sr.No

Name ofthe wastegenerated

State i.e. solid,liquid or gas

Source ofWasteGeneration

Rate ofWaste

GenerationKL/day or

MT/day

StatewiseQuantity of

totaluntreatedwaste at

site

Hazardspossible

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

48

Contd…

Control measures provided

Type of ETP / CETPand its capacity or

discharge rate

KLD or MT/day

Type of Air pollutionmeasurement &

control equipment

Type of solid wastedisposal arrangement

Others

8 9 10 11

Note: Hazard or pollution control plant or equipment should be properly designed to meet with thestatutory requirements.

Table E: Analysis of Pollution Parameters Before and After Treatment

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

Land (soil) EffluentSr.No Parameters

-- pH, bulkdensity,elements,heavymetals,mineralsetc.

BeforeProject(baseline

data)

Afterplant

working(after

impactsand

control)

Standards/Normsprescribed

Parameters-

Sp.gravity,pH, BOD,COD, SS,TDS, heavymetals, oil &grease,colour,temp., toxiccompound,etc.

Beforetreatment

(at theETPinlet)

Aftertreatment

(at theETP

outlet)*

Standards/ Norms

prescribed

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Contd.

Air and Noise

Source and Parameters such asParticulate matter, gas & dustemission, air temperature, noise etc.

Before treatmentor controlmeasures

After treatmentor after control

measures *

Standards / Normsprescribed

Location Parameter

10 11 12 13 14

* Explain the treatment process and technology.

49

Table F: Resource Consumption and Conservation

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

Land

Tree plantation

(Green belt) m2

Sr.No Total Project

Area

m2

Marginareakeptopen

m2

Provided(for

existing)

To be

Provided

Measuresprovided toprevent soilpollution or

erosion

Area kept open forfuture expansion, ifany, and its current

usage.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Contd.

Water Air

Effluent

Source &quantityavailable

KL/day

Totalconsumption

KL/day

Generated

KL/day

Recycledor reusedKL/day

Rain waterharvesting,

rechargingetc. withquantity

Airpolluting

activities –processes,machines

etc

Air pollutioncontrol measures

provided (dustseparators,

collectors, LEV*,flare, incinerator

etc)

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Contd.

Electricity Fuel Steam / Thermic fluid

Connectedload

KW/MWStock at site

FromElectricityCo.

FromDG /CPP

Consumptio

n

KW /day

Conservationprogra

mName Qty.

KL

Consumption

KL/day

Conservationprogra

m

Type &No ofBoiler

orHeater

Steam /oil

consumptionrate

MT/day

Conservatio

nprogra

m

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Note :(1) * LEV = Local exhaust ventilation to capture and collect dust, gas etc at source.(2) Use of ‘wood’ as a fuel should be substituted by gas, oil, etc. If natural gas is available, other

fuel will not be used.

50

(3) If you use or intend to use (in case of new project or expansion of existing project) resourcesother than stated above, give their names, source and stock at site, rate of consumption(KL/day) and conservation program.

(4) ETP / CETP / FETP and all pollution control measures should be properly designed to fulfill thestatutory requirements or norms.

Table G: Risk Estimation

Project Status -Tick mark (√)-(a) New □ (b) Expansion □ (c) Product mix □

Sr.No

Shortdescription ofScenario (At

least one Worstcase and one

MCA*scenario)

Type ofHazard orChemicalinvolved

Types of risks such as

Fire, Explosion, Toxic release orother Harm

Probability (frequencyor likelihood)

1 2 3 4 5

Contd.

Severity #

Type ofinjury

possiblee.g. burn,fracture,death,

etc.

Extent orconcentratio

n

ppm, mg/m3,kw/m2, psi,

etc.

Damagedistance

from source(meters)

Persons andproperty likelyto be affectedwithin damage

distance

No injurydistance with

criteria #

Risk controlmeasures provided

6 7 8 9 10 11

* MCA = Maximum credible accident.

# (1) For toxic gases - LC50 or IDLH or LOC

(2) For Heat radiation – 4.0 KW/m2, and

(3) For Explosion overpressure - 0.02 bar.

Note : Suppression of correct information or giving wrong or insufficient information may result inrejection of application or clearance at any stage.

51

Annexure C

Application of Remote Sensing and Satellite Images in Environment Impact Assessment –some important aspects required to be considered while preparing the EIA reports :

1. Latest Remote Sensing data should be analyzed for land use utilization / land use pattern withrespect to the location of the proposed development to establish the site suitability

2. Precautions should be taken in choosing the date of satellite data to have factual description ofland features

3. Scale of depiction should be chosen in such a way that pollution related to air, water and soilmay be linked to each features so that the relations could be established e.g. the distance of theexisting habitation / settlement / industries and workers from the source of pollution has adifferent implications for different situations

4. The satellite data should also be interpreted for understanding the crop type and intensity ofcultivation (it will have an implication on number of people working in nearby fields)

5. Other vegetation type may also be shown with respect to location so that the interaction ofproposed development could also be understood and studied

6. The study of drainages and hydrological pattern should be done in such a way that the run offdirection could also be shown on the map to study the path of run off from the development site.The downstream impacts due to such run off should also be studied to understand the finalrecipient (which could be water body or the settlement) due to the water pollution, if any.

7. The soil characteristics (may be from other sources) with respect to permeability and also toshow how the water would percolate over the time in case the land application of the treatedeffluent is proposed.

In nutshell, the process which will result out of this development should be studied with respectto the location of different features.

52

Appendix

Appendix 1 : Some Useful Terminology / Definitions

Some useful terminology related to Environment and Pollution are asunder:

Air Pollutant : Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) present in the atmospherein such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to human beings or otherliving creatures or plants or property or environment.

Air Pollution : Presence in the atmosphere of any air pollutant

Air Pollution Control Equipment : Any apparatus, device, equipment or system to control thequality and manner of emission of any air pollutant and includes any device usedfor securing the efficient operation of any industrial plant.

Accident : An unintended occurrence arising out of and in the course of employment of aperson resulting in injury.

Built-up area : Means the area covered by a building on all floors including cantilevered portion, ifany, but except the areas excluded specifically under GDCR regulations.

Bio-diversity : Means the variability among living organisms from all sources and the ecologicalcomplexes of which they are part, and includes diversity within species or betweenspecies and of eco-systems.

Consequence Assessment : A calculation or estimate of the nature and extent of the damage causedby all specified hazardous events, including the influence of environmental factorsand the probability of exposure of individuals, populations or ecosystems.

Emission : Any solid or liquid or gaseous substance coming out of any chimney, duct or flueor any other outlet.

Environment : Includes water, air, land and the inter-relationship which exists among andbetween water, air, land, human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and property.

Environmental Pollutant : Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) present in suchconcentration as may be or tend to be injurious to environment.

Environmental Pollution : Presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant.

Extinct : That are no longer known to exist in the wild.

Endangered : That have a high likelihood of going extinct in the near future.

Ecosystem : It is the whole biotic community in a given area plus it’s abiotic environment.

53

Floor Space Index (FSI) : Means quotient of the ratio of the combined gross floor area of the allfloors including areas of all walls, except areas specifically exempted under GDCRregulations, to the total area of the plot / building unit.

Floor Space Index = Total covered area / floor area including walls of all floorsPlot Area

Fire Lift : Means a special lift designed for the use of fire service personnel in the event offire or other emergency to reach different floors with minimum delay.

Flora : It is the species content of the regain irrespective of the numerical strength of eachspecies thus vegetation is describe where as flora is listed.

Fauna : Species content of animals present in any area.

Hazardous Substance : Any substance or preparation which, by reason of its chemical or physico-chemical properties or handling; is liable to cause harm to human beings, otherliving creatures, plants, micro-organism, property or the environment.

Handling in Relation To Any Substance : Means the manufacturing, processing, treatment,package, storage, transportation, use, collection, destruction, conversion, offeringfor sake, transfer or the like of such substance.

Hazard : An inherent property of a substance, agent, source of energy or situation havingthe potential to cause undesirable consequences (e.g. properties that can causeadverse effects of damage to health, environment or property). The major hazardsin chemical process industry may be fire, explosion, toxic release etc.

Habitat : Includes land, water, or vegetation which is the natural home of any wild animal;

Hazard Identification : Systematic investigation of the possible hazards associated with aninstallation, particularly identification of the hazards of the chemical(s) that cancause injury or death to people or damage to property by the release of thechemical or by the release of energy in the event of an accident.

Height of Building : Means the vertical distance measured from the average ground level / highflood level / plot level and upto the top of the finished level of the top floor slab incase of flat roofs and upto the mid point of the height of the slopping roofexcluding the genuine stair cabin, water tank and lift-room. The height of theslopping roof shall be taken as an average height of the relevant floor.

Note:- High flood level shall be decided by competent authority.

High Rise Building (As per NBC) : All buildings 15 m or above in height shall be considered ashigh rise building.

Note : All buildings, which are 15 m in height or above, and all buildings used aseducational, assembly, institutional, industrial, storage and hazardous occupancies andmixed occupancies with any of the aforesaid occupancies, having area more than 500 m2

on each floor shall have a minimum of two staircases. They shall be of enclosed type; atleast one of them shall be on external walls of buildings and shall open directly to theexterior, interior open space or to an open place of safety. Further, the provision orotherwise of alternative staircases shall be subject to the requirements of travel distancebeing complied with. Lifts and escalators shall not be considered as exits. A staircaseshall not be arranged round a lift shaft.

54

Insufficiently known species : That probably belong to one of the conservation categories but arenot sufficiently well known to be assigned to a specific category.

Immediate Danger To Life & Health (IDLH) : Maximum concentration of substance to whichworkers can be exposed for a period up to 15 minutes continuously withoutproducing acute health effects on the body or irreversible organ system damage.

Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) Scenario : Indicates most believable, reasonable, trustworthy, convincing, likely or possible accident scenario and damage distancebased on it. MCA scenario takes into account the effect of existing controlmeasures also. It considers the malfunctioning of the control system, opening ofsafety valve, flange joint, pipe line etc. and failing of some safety devise.

Status of Species for Conservation : To highlight the legal status of rare species for purpose ofconservation, the IUCN (1984, 1988) has established the following five mainconservation categories :

Sanctuary : Means an area declared, whether under sec. [26(A)5] or sec 38, or deemed, undersub section (3) of Sec.66 of the Indian Forest Act to be declared, as a wildlifesanctuary

Species : A uniform interbreeding population spread overtime and space.

TLV : ACGIH term for airborne concentration of a substance below which all workersare believed to be protected while exposed to it day after day for 8-hour periods.For gases and vapors, TLV is stated as parts per million (PPM) of surrounding air,and for fumes, mists, and dusts as milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3) ofsurrounding air. ACGIH classifies TLV in three ways.

(1) TLV-TWA: time weighted average concentration for a normal 8-hour workday or40-hour workweek.

(2) TLV-STEL: short term exposure limit, or maximum concentration of a substance(a) for a continuous 15-minute exposure period, (b) for maximum of 4 suchperiods per day, (c) with at least one 60-minute exposure-free period between twoexposures periods, and (d) provided the daily TLV-TWA is met.

(3) TLV-C: ceiling exposure limit or maximum exposure concentration that should not beexceeded under any circumstance, while meeting the daily TLV

National Park : Means an area declared, whether under sec.35. or sec.38 or deemed, under sub-section (3)of sec.66. to be declared, as a National Park

Protected Areas for Biodiversity Conservation and Legal Position : In the steering committeemeeting of the CNPPA held in 1993, a consensus was reached to have thefollowing set of categories for the Pas. These are given below with the broadmanagement objectives.

Category I : Strict nature reserve / wilderness areas : protected areas managed mainly forscience or wilderness protection

Category II : National park : protected areas managed mainly for ecosystem conservation andrecreation.

Category III : Natural monument : protected areas managed mainly for conservation of specificnatural futures.

55

Category IV : Habitat / species management areas : protected areas managed mainly forconservation through management intervention.

Category V : Protected landscape / seascape : protected areas managed mainly for landscape /seascape conservation and recreation.

Category VI : Managed resource protected areas: managed mainly for the sustainable use ofnatural ecosystems.

Parking Space : Means an enclosed or unenclosed covered or open area sufficient in size to parkvehicles. Parking spaces shall be served by a driveway connecting them with astreet or alley and permitting ingress of egress of vehicles.

Reserve Forest : Means the forest declared to be reserved by the State Government under sec.20. ofthe Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927)

Rare : Species that have small total numbers of individuals often due to limitedgeographical ranges of low population densities.

Risk Assessment : It is the quantitative evaluation of the likelihood of undesired events and theirconsequences being caused together and a value judgement concerning thesignificance of the results after comparing with set, legal or accepted values orstandards. Objectives of risk assessment are :

1) Identification of vulnerable zones (losses of persons and property) of thepremises.

2) Estimation of hazard distances for the maximum credible accident (MCA)scenarios.

3) Suggestions for risk mitigation measures and delineation of approach to disastermanagement plan (DMP).

Wild life : Includes any animal (except domestic) an aquatic and land vegetation which formpart of any habitat. In practice it is used for a particular animal species.

Water Pollution : Such contamination of water or such alteration of the physical, chemical orbiological properties of water or such discharge of any sewage or trade effluent orof any other liquid, gaseous or solid substance into water (whether directly orindirectly) as may, or is likely to, create a nuisance or render such water harmful orinjurious to public health or safety, or to domestic, commercial, industrial,agricultural or other legitimate uses, or to the life and health of animals or plants orof aquatic organizers

Worst Case Release Scenario : Release of the largest quantity of a regulated substance from asingle vessel or process line failure that results in the greatest distance to an endpoint e.g. catastrophic failure. It considers the failure of all control systems andrelease of the whole mass resulting in maximum damage.

Vulnerable : Species that may become endangered in the near future because population of thespecies are decreasing in size throughout its range.

Vegetation : The collective and continuous growth of plants in space is called vegetation.

56

Appendix 2 : List of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuariesand Conservation Reserve in Gujarat

National Parks :

Sr.No.

Name Year ofEstablishment

AreaSq. Km.

District

1 Gir National Park 1975 258.71 Junagadh2 Black National Park 1976 34.08 Bhavnagar3 Vansda National Park 1979 23.99 Navsari4 Marine National Park 1982 162.89 Jamnagar

Wildlife Sanctuaries:

Sr.No.

Name Year ofEstablishment

AreaSq. Km.

District

1 Gir Wild Life Sanctuary 1965 1153.42 Junagadh &Amreli

2 Wild Ass Sanctuary 1973 4953.70 Kachchh,Surendranagar,Rajkot,Banaskantha,Patan &Mehsana

3 Nal Sarovar BirdsSanctuary

1969 120.82 Ahmedabad &Surendranagar

4 Jessore Sloth BearSanctuary

1978 180.66 Banaskantha

5 Barda Wild LifeSanctuary

1979 192.31 Porbandar

6 Hingolgadh Sanctuary 1980 6.54 Rajkot7 Marine Sanctuary 1980 295.03 Jamnagar8 Narayan Sarovar

Sanctuary1981 444.23 Kachchh

9 Khijadia Bird Sanctuary 1981 6.05 Jamnagar10 Ratanmahal Sanctuary 1982 55.65 Dahod11 Kutch Desert Sanctuary 1986 7506.22 Kachchh12 Gaga Wild Life

Sanctuary1988 3.33 Jamnagar

13 Rampara Sanctuary 1988 15.01 Rajkot14 Thol Lake Bird Sanctuary 1988 6.9915 Shoolpaneshwar

Sanctuary1982 607.7 Narmada

16 Porbandar BirdsSanctuary

1988 0.09 Porbandar

17 Pania Wild LifeSanctuary

1989 39.63 Amreli

57

Sr.No.

Name Year ofEstablishment

AreaSq. Km.

District

18 Balaram AmbajiSanctuary

1989 542.08 Banaskantha

19 Jambughoda Sanctuary 1990 130.38 Panchmahal20 Purna Wild Life

Sancturay1990 160.84 Dang

21 KutchBustard Sanctuary 1992 2.03 Kuchchh22 Mitiyala Wildlife

Sanctuary2004 0.77 Amreli

23 Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary 2008 178.87 Junagadh

Biosphere Reserve :

Sr.No.

Name Year ofEstablishment

AreaSq. Km.

District

1 Chharikund ConservationReserve

2008 227.0 Kuchchh

Conservation Reserve :

Sr.No.

Name Year ofEstablishment

AreaSq. Km.

District

1 Kutchchh BiosphereReserve

2009 12754.00 Kuchchh

58

Appendix 3 : National Ambient Air Quality Standards(Notified by the MoEF vide G.S.R. 826(E) on 16.11.2009)

Concentration in Ambient AirSr.No

Pollutant andunit

TimeWeightedAverage

IndustrialResidential Rural

and OtherArea

EcologicallySensitive

Area(Notified by

Central Govt)

Methods of Measurement

1 2 3 4 5 61 Sulphur

Dioxide (SO2)μg/m3

Annual *

24 hours**

50

80

20

80

-Improved West and Gaeke

2 NitrogenDioxide (NO2)μg/m3

Annual *

24 hours**

40

80

30

80

-Modified Jacob &Hochheiser ( Na-Arsente) -Chemiluminescence's

3 ParticulateMatter (size lessthen 10 μm) orPM10 μg/m3

Annual *

24 hours**

60

100

60

100

- Gravimetric- TOEM- Beta attenuation

4 ParticulateMatter (size lessthen 2.5 μm) orPM2.5 μg/m3

Annual *

24 hours**

40

60

40

60

- Gravimetric- TOEM- Beta attenuation

5 Ozone (O3)μg/m3

8 hours**

1 hours**

100

180

100

180

- UV photometric- Chemilminescence- Chemical Method

6 Lead (Pb)μg/m3

Annual *

24 hours**

0.50

1.0

0.50

1.0

- AAS/1CP method aftersampling on EPM 2000 orequivalent filter paper- ED -XRF using Teflonfilter

7 CarbonManoxide (CO)mg/m3

8 hours**

1 hours**

02

04

02

04

- Non Dispersive Infra Red( NDIR )Spectroscopy

8 Ammonia(NH3) μg/m3

Annual *

24 hours**

100

400

100

400

-Chemiluminescence- Indophenol blue method

9 Benzene (C6

H6) μg/m3Annual* 05 05 - Gas Chromatography

based continuous analyzer- Adsorption andDesorption followed by GCanalysis

10 Benzo(a)Pyrene(BaP)- particu-late phase only,ng/m3

Annual* 01 01 - Solvent extractionfollowed by HPLC/GCanalysis

11 Arsenic (As)ng/m3

Annual* 06 06 - AAS /ICP method aftersampling on EPM 2000 orequivalent filter paper

59

Concentration in Ambient AirSr.No

Pollutant andunit

TimeWeightedAverage

IndustrialResidential Rural

and OtherArea

EcologicallySensitive

Area(Notified by

Central Govt)

Methods of Measurement

1 2 3 4 5 612 Nickel (Ni)

ng/m3Annual* 20 20 - AAS / ICP method after

sampling on EPM 2000 orequivalent filter paper

* Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year at a particular site taken twice aweek 24 hourly at uniform intervals.

** 24 hourly or 08 hourly or 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable, shall be complied with 98% of thetime in a year. 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive days ofmonitoring.

Note: Whenever and wherever monitoring results on two consecutive days of monitoring exceed the limitsspecified above for the respective category, it shall be considered adequate reason to institute regularor continuous monitoring and further investigation.

60

Appendix 4 : Some Useful Books / Publications1. Environment Impact Analysis by Larry Canter2. Environment Impact Assessment by Riki Therival3. Environment Impact Analysis by Christopher Wood4. Environment Impact Assessment by R. K. Jain5. Water and Wastewater Treatment by Metcalf & Eddy6. Water Supply and Sewerage System by Mcghee7. Environmental Engineering by Peavy, Rowe and Tchvanoglous8. Environmental Chemistry by Sawyer & McCarty9. Air Pollution by Wark and Warner10. Air Pollution by Stern11. Wastewater Treatment / Engineering by S. Z. Qasim12. Industrial Wastewater by Nelson Nemerow13. Environmental Microbiology by Ralf Mitchelle14. Fundamentals of Industrial Safety and Health by Dr.K.U.Mistry15. Pollution Control Acts, Rules and Notifications Issued Thereunder, Central

Pollution Control Board, Delhi-32.

Appendix 5 : Some useful Websites1. www.envfor.nic.in2. www.cpcb.nic.in3. www.gpcb.gov.in4. http://gujenvfor.gswan.gov.in/5. http://seiaa.gujarat.gov.in/6. www.worldbank.org7. www.unep.org8. www.adb.org9. www.usepa.org10. www.msdsonline.com11. www.safetyforeveryone.com/doyouknow/dyk.html12. http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/laws.htm13. www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pesticides/14. www.skcinc.com/reference.asp15. www.epa.gov/ceppo/cameo/request.htm

Appendix 6: Some useful Journals1. Journal of “Indian Association for Environmental Management” by NEERI,

Nagpur.2. Environmental Health by NEERI, Nagpur.3. Indian Journal of Occupational Hygiene and Safety by Central Industrial Hygiene

Association – India, Vallabh Vidhyanagar.4. Journal for Environmental Science and Engineering.5. Water and wastewater by Water Environment Federation, US6. Journal of Indian Water and Wastewater Association, IWWA, Mumbai