25299314 Women Entrepreneurship

8/3/2019 25299314 Women Entrepreneurship

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BY-

ITEE BERI

PRERANA JHUNJHUNWALA

MBA IIIrd SEM


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CONCEPT OF WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURSBASED ON PARTICIPATION:

A women entrepreneur is defined as an enterprise owned

and controlled by a women having a minimum financialinterest of 51% of the capital and giving at least 51% of

the employment generated in the enterprise to women.


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CONCEPT OF WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURSGENERAL CONCEPT:

A woman or a group of women who initiate, organize and

run a business.

BASED ON INNOVATION:

Women who innovate, imitate or adopt a business activity

are called women entrepreneurs.


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FUNCTIONS OF WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURSy Functions for establishment of an enterprise:

Idea generation and screening

Determination of objectivesProject preparation

Product analysis

Form of business

Raising funds

Procuring men, machine and materials.


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FUNCTIONS OF WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURSy According to Frederick Harbison:

1. Exploration of prospects of starting a new business

enterprise.2. Undertaking of risks and the handling of economic

uncertainties involved in business.

3. Introduction of innovation or imitation of innovations.

4. Coordination, administration and control.5. Supervision and leadership.


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FUNCTIONS OF WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURS

RISK BEARING

ORGANISATION

INNOVATION


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KEY CHANGES IN WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURS IN LAST FIVEDECADES

y WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE FIFTIES:

Compulsive factors led to the creation of women

entrepreneurs.

y WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE SIXTIES:

Women began to aspire but also accepted the social

cultural traditions.y WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE SEVENTIES:

The women in this decade opened up new frontier.They had not only aspiration but ambition.


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KEY CHANGES IN WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURS IN LAST FIVE

DECADESy WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE EIGHTIES:

Women were educated in highly sophisticated

technological and professional education. They became anequally contributing partners.

WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE NINETIES:

This was the first time when the concept of best rather than

male heir was talked about.WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE 21st Century:

Jill of all trades


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PROBLEMS OF WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURSProblem of finance

Do not own property to use as collateral for obtaining funds. Banks consider women less credit worthy.

Scarcity of raw material low-level negotiation and bargaining skills

Lack of knowledge of availability of the raw materials

Stiff competition

Limited mobility


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PROBLEMS OF WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURSFamily ties

Lack of education

Male dominated society

Low risk bearing ability


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DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURSThe decade 1975-85 was declared as the DECADE FORWOMENby United nations.

During Feb, 1978 , the UNIDO Preparatory meeting on the roleof women in industrialization in developing countries held at

Vienna identified several constraints faced by womenentrepreneurs.

In November, 1981 the first National Conference ofWomenEntrepreneurs held at New Delhi advocated the need fordeveloping women entrepreneurs for the overall development ofthe country.

The sixth and seventh five year plan emphasized on thedevelopment of women entrepreneurs and the integration ofwomen with the overall development of country.


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SCHEME FOR WOMEN

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

The main objective of the scheme isTo provide assistance to women entrepreneurs through NGOs.To build up capacity of Entrepreneurship Development Institutions like National Institute for Small

Industry Extension & Training (NISIET), Small Industries Service Institutes (SISI), State level EDIs,etc., by providing financial support in the form of Government of India grant.To create entrepreneurship development training facility through NGOs by providing financial supportfor conducting training programmes.

Mahila Udyam Nidhian exclusive scheme for providing equity to women entrepreneurs implemented by the Small

Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI).

Mahila Vikas Nidhioffers developmental assistance for pursuit of income generating activities to women.

Prime Ministers Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)During 2006-07, the participation of women in terms of employment generation under Prime MinistersRozgar Yojana (PMRY), was 16.5 per cent. The government made several relaxations to women tofacilitate the participation of women beneficiaries.

Trade Related Entrepreneurship Assistance and Development

(TREAD)


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Few facts revealed.In India the self-employed women account for only 5.2% of the self-

employment persons in the countries. Majority of them are engaged in the

recognized sector like agriculture, handicrafts, handlooms and cottage based

industries.

Women entrepreneurs constitute a tenth of the Indian entrepreneur

universe.

Currently there are 1.3 million SSIs and 9.1 million registered SMEs in India.

As per the latest available estimates, the number of women owned and

women managed enterprises is 12.99 lakh and 12.15 lakh respectively.

There are more women entrepreneurs in smaller towns compared to

metros.

Women find it easier to start up but equally difficult to grow and access

venture capital.


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FEW RENOWNED NAMES.


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EKTA KAPOORBirth: June 7, 1975

She was not interested in academics and on

the advice and financial support of her

father ventured into TV-serial production bythe name of Balaji Creations at the age of

19. And soon she changed the face of

Indian television industry and completely

dominated it.

Achievement:Creative Director of Balaji Telefilms

Awarded with Ernst & Young (E&Y) Startup

Entrepreneur Of The Year award in 2001.


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RITU KUMARBirth: November 11, 1944Place of Birth: Amritsar, Punjab

Label: Ritu, LABEL

She was the first women to bring the boutique culture to India, under the

name "Ritu".

The ace designer had a humble beginning in a small village, near Kolkata, in

1960, with hand block printers and two tablets to flaunt about.

Achievement:The Most Outstanding Evening Gown in International pageants.

Lifetime Achievement Award by the National Institute of Fashion Technology

in 1998.

The Outstanding Women Entrepreneur Award by the PHD - Chamber of

Commerce in 1998.

The Lifetime Achievement Award by the Kingfisher group of industries in

2000.


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SHAHNAZ HUSSAINCEO of Shahnaz Herbals Inc.

A prominent Indian female entrepreneur best

known for her herbal cosmetics, particularly

skin care products.

In the year 1977 she established her first

beauty salon in her abode.

Currently, the Shahnaz Husain Group has over

400 franchise clinics across the world coveringover 138 countries.

Award:

Success Magazine's "World's Greatest Woman

Entrepreneur" award in 1996.


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DR. KIRAN MAZUM

DAR SHAW

Birth: 23 March 1953 in Bangalore.

Chairman & Managing Director of Biocon Ltd.

She founded Biocon India with a capital of Rs. 10,000 in 1978.In 2004, she became Indias richest woman.

Awards:

Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award in Healthcare &

Life Sciences Category (2002).

The Economic Times Business Woman of the Year Award(2004).

Lifetime Achievement Award from Indian Chamber of

Commerce (2005).


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A small survey of women

entrepreneurs in Varanasi

y Objective: The main aim is to find out the status of womenentrepreneurs and to analyze problems unique to women

entrepreneurs in setting up and running their enterprises in Varanasi.

y Methodology:A survey is conducted with the help of a set ofquestionnaire.

y Sample unit: Women entrepreneurs running boutiques and beautyclinics in Varanasi.

y Sample size: 16


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RESULTS: 44% of the respondents started business at

the age of 20-30years, 31% at the age of 30-40years

and 19% at the age of 40-50years. Only 6% of the

respondents started at the age of 50+.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen that most of the

women entrepreneurs start business between the age

of 20 to 40 years.

1. At what age did you start your own business?


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2. What role from do you play for your firm?

RESULTS: 93.75% of the respondents play

the role of creator+ supervisor, 18.75% of

the respondents also act as an innovator.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen that

almost all the women entrepreneurs play

the role of creator as well as supervisor.


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3. What is your educational background?

RESULTS: The educational background of

81% of the respondents is higher education.

19% of the respondents only have a basic

education.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen that

most of the women entrepreneurs seek

higher education.


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4. Have you pursued any specialized course that

supports your business?

RESULTS: 69% of the women entrepreneurs have

not pursued any specialized course.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen that most of

the women entrepreneurs do not feel the need

of pursuing any specialized course for running a

business.


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5. Have you created your present enterprise

yourself, or is it a family business you haveinherited, or a business you have bought?

RESULTS: 87% of the women entrepreneurs have

created their own enterprise while 13% have

inherited from their families.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen that most of

the women entrepreneurs create business on their

own.


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6. Rate the economic factors from 5 to 1 in the

order of suitability in starting your venture.

RESULTS: Average rating given by the respondents is

highest for demand for the product i.e. 4.43. The

respondents have rated availability of funds and

profitability in the business to be 3.75 and 3.43

respectively.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen that the demand

for the product is the most important economic factor

in starting a venture.


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7. Rate the non economic factors that were

supportive in your venture.i. Social factors

RESULTS: Average rating given by the respondents for

the factors self reliance and family support is 2.185.

INTERPRETATION: Self reliance and family support areequally important factors in starting up a venture.

ii. Psychological factors

RESULTS: Average rating given by the respondents for

the factors: self achievement and status & respect are

1.8 and 1.18 respectively.

INTERPRETATION: Self achievement and status &

respect are almost equally important factors in starting

up a venture.


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8. What is the major source of finance for your

firm?

RESULTS: 68.75% of the respondents started their

ventures with their own funds while 12.5% of the

respondents had borrowed funds as their source of

finance. 18.75% of the respondents financed their

business with both sources.

INTERPRETATION: Most of the women

entrepreneurs are able to start their business

through self financing.


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9. When you started your business, what were the main

obstacles you faced? (Rate 7 to most suitable and 1 to

least suitable option.)

RESULTS: The average rating given by the

respondents is highest for stiff competition i.e.

5.375. The problem of finance and combining

family and work life is rate 4.875.

INTERPRETATION: The most critical problem faced

by the women entrepreneur while starting up the

business is stiff competition. The other problems

faced by most of them were problem of finance,combining family & work life and non-availability

of raw materials.


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10.What are the main obstacles you are facing

now in the running of your business? (Rate 7 tomost suitable and 1 to least suitable option.)

RESULTS: The highest rating of 6.025 is for the

stiff competition. Problem of finance and

combining family and work life is rated at an

average of 4.68 and 4.75 respectively.

INTERPRETATION: Stiff competition is still the

most critical problem faced by the women

entrepreneurs. Among other problems, combining

family and work life and the problem of finance is

also critical.


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FINDINGSy It has been observed that women entrepreneurs are early starters. Most of them

started their venture at the age between 20-40.

y

Low education level or no specialized course is not the problem faced by womenentrepreneurs since most of them have not pursued any specialized courses.

y The women entrepreneurs have played the role of creator since most of them are

first generation entrepreneurs.

y One of the most important factors supportive for women entrepreneurs is the

availability of ready market and availability of funds. This signifies that they are

mostly risk averse.


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y Family support as well as the zeal to become an entrepreneur is equally important

factors.

y

Availability of funds was not a problem in starting the business as well as in runningit since they have enough owned capital.


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REFERENCESy Parikh Indira & Kollan Bharti(Aug.2005) A Reflection

of the Indian Women in Entrepreneurial World.W

orking Paper No. 2005-08-07, IIM, Ahemdabad.

y S.S. Khanka Entrepreneurial Development.

y Internet


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THANK YOU!!!

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25299314 Women Entrepreneurship