250 Undergraduate Courses – Kinesiology250 Undergraduate Courses – Kinesiology instruction, data capture and analysis and real-time control. (Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisites:

250 Undergraduate Courses – Kinesiology

instruction, data capture and analysis and real-timecontrol. (Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisites: KIN 142and approval as a Kinesiology major.

KIN 205-3 Introduction to Human PhysiologyAn introductory survey of human physiology with anemphasis on mechanisms of regulation andintegration. Anatomy of structures will be detailedonly when it is critical to a functional understanding.Although this is intended as a survey course, sometopics will be covered in reasonable detail in order togive insight into mechanisms of function. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: BICH 221 (or BISC 201),CHEM 102, and PHYS 101 (or 120). Students withcredit for KIN 100 may not receive credit for KIN 205.

KIN 207-3 Information Processing in HumanMotor SystemsStudents are introduced to human motor systemsfrom psychological, physiological and computationalapproaches. Although a behavioral (informationprocessing) approach to understanding voluntarygoal-directed movement is stressed, research from avariety of distinct areas is integrated in an attempt toprovide a coherent picture of our understanding ofhuman motor systems. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: KIN 142 or permission of instructor.

KIN 221-3 Special Topics in KinesiologySelected topics in areas not currently offered withinthe undergraduate course offerings in the School ofKinesiology. Prerequisite: to be announced in theCourse Timetable and Exam Schedule.

KIN 241-3 Sports Injuries — Prevention andRehabilitationIncludes delineation of the role of the SportsTherapist and will study the structural and functionalcharacteristics of the body with regard to theprevention of injury in sport. A first aid approach toathletic injuries will be developed with practicalexperience in routine treatments.(Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisite: KIN 142.

KIN 280-3 Introduction to Human Factors/ErgonomicsThis course deals with the field of human factors.Human factors refers to designing for human use.The approach of the course is to present asystematic application of relevant information abouthuman capabilities, limitations, characteristics,behavior and motivation to the design of things,procedures people use, and the environment inwhich they use them. Prerequisites: KIN 142, 201,207 or permission of the instructor.

KIN 301-3 Biomechanics LaboratoryThis laboratory course covers the quantitativebiomechanical evaluation of human movement.Analysis techniques for quantifying motion of bodysegments in athletes, normal populations and specialpopulations will be included. Experiments willmeasure force production in whole body activitiessuch as walking and jumping. Experiments will alsolook at the nature of muscular force generation andthe mechanical properties of the musculoskeletalsystem. Prerequisites: PHYS 130 or 131, KIN 201.Students with credit for KIN 401 may not take KIN301 for further credit.

KIN 303-3 KinanthropometryA study of human size, shape, proportion,composition, maturation and gross function related tobasic concepts of growth, exercise, performance andnutrition. (Lecture/Tutorial/Laboratory) Prerequisite:KIN 142 and 45 credit hours.

KIN 305-3 Human Physiology IDeals with the physiology and pathophysiology of thecardiovascular, respiratory, and renal systems indetail. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: KIN 205(formerly KIN 100), CHEM 150, 155, PHYS 102 (or121), MATH 155 (or 152).

KIN 306-3 Human Physiology II (Principles ofPhysiological Regulation)Examines the regulation of body functions with an

emphasis on the endocrine, gastrointestinal andneuronal systems. The course focuses on integrationof physiological mechanisms at the cellular andorgan levels. Examples of abnormal humanphysiology are used to illustrate important principles.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: KIN 205 (formerlyKIN 100), CHEM 150, 155, PHYS 102 (or 121),MATH 155 (or 152).

KIN 310-3 Exercise/Work PhysiologyThe study of human physiological responses andadaptations to acute and chronic exercise/work.Cardiorespiratory, cellular and metabolic adaptationswill be studied and discussed in detail. (Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisites: KIN 205. Recommended:KIN 201 and 207. Students with credit in KIN 410may not take KIN 310 for further credit.

KIN 311-3 Applied Human NutritionThe principles of nutritional biochemistry are appliedto nutrition in life cycle – pregnancy, lactation,infancy, childhood, adolescence and aging. Thesecond part of the course deals with commondisease conditions where nutrition plays an importantrole in prevention or treatment or both. The course ispresented in the Canadian context featuring sourcesof help on Canadian practice, standards andregulations. Prerequisites: KIN 110 and 205 (formerlyKIN 100).

KIN 320-3 Cultural Aspects of Human MovementThe cultural aspects of human motor behavior; theeffects of social institutions on the expressed valuesof selected cultures toward human motor behavior;and an examination of the pertinent aspects of ourpresent culture which may reflect implications for thefuture of games, sports, dances, and other forms ofphysical expression. (Lecture) Prerequisite: at least60 semester hours credit.

KIN 325-3 Basic Human AnatomyAn introductory course for students interested inphysical education, health science professions andliberal arts. Brief discussions on applied anatomy,aging, common dysfunctions and diseases enablestudents to appreciate the relationship betweenstructure and function. (Distance Education)Prerequisites: KIN 105 (formerly KIN 100) and 142.Available only through correspondence, this coursewill not be counted as an upper level optional coursefor a major in Kinesiology. Students with credit forKIN 326 may not take KIN 325 for further credit.

KIN 326-3 Functional AnatomyPursues a systematic study of human anatomy withemphasis on functional applications. It is designed toprovide the student with detailed three dimensionalknowledge of organs and body systems plus theability to apply this knowledge to daily activities.(Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisites: KIN 142, 205-3(formerly KIN 100) and at least 60 hoursundergraduate course credit. Students with credit forKIN 325 may not take KIN 326 for further credit.

KIN 336-3 Microscopic Anatomy (Histology)Light and electron microscopic study of mammaliantissues and organs with emphasis on humansystems. (Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisite: KIN 326or permission of the instructor.

KIN 343-3 Active Health: Assessment andPromotionAn extension of KIN 143, Exercise Management,designed to provide students with an opportunity toappreciate principles of exercise leadership, assessindividual fitness needs, design programs andmonitor effects of prescribed exercise. The courseincludes a 34 hour practicum. (Lecture/Laboratory)Prerequisites: KIN 105 or 205 (formerly KIN 100),142 and 143.

KIN 351-0 Practicum IThe first semester of work experience. It is availableonly to Kinesiology Co-operative Education students.Prerequisite: students must apply to the KinesiologyCo-op Co-ordinator at least one semester in

advance. A student may not register for KIN 499 and351 concurrently.

KIN 352-0 Practicum IIThe second semester of work experience. It isavailable only to Kinesiology Co-operative Educationstudents. Prerequisite: students must apply to theKinesiology Co-op Co-ordinator at least onesemester in advance. They will normally be requiredto have completed KIN 351. A student may notregister for KIN 499 and 352 concurrently.

KIN 367-3 Psychology of Motor Skill AcquisitionAn examination of phases of skill acquisition, transferof training, training principles, retention of motorskills, and the influence of motivation, personalityand social factors on the acquisition of skill. (Lecture/Tutorial/Laboratory) Prerequisite: at least 60 hours ofundergraduate course credit.

KIN 370-3 Biomechanical Analysis of SportThis course applies biomechanical principles to thequalitative analysis of human movement. Studentswill learn to assess human movement in all sportingand fitness activities (including aquatic activities).The course will also cover the mechanical interactionbetween athletes, their equipment and theenvironment. This course is aimed at students withan interest in teaching and coaching sports,Kinesiology minors, Health and Fitness StudiesCertificate students and Faculty of Educationstudents in the Minor in Elementary School PhysicalEducation Program. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites:KIN 105 (formerly KIN 100), 142, and 143.Kinesiology Majors cannot obtain credit for both KIN201 and 370.

KIN 375-3 Human Growth and DevelopmentThe fundamentals of physiological growth anddevelopment from conception to maturity. Topicsincluded form a strong foundation for thoseinterested in designing appropriate activity programsfor children of all ages. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: KIN 105 or 205 (formerly KIN 100), 142and 143.

KIN 380-3 Occupational BiomechanicsThis course will teach the principles of biomechanicalanalysis and their application in the workplace.Topics will include techniques for measurement andanalysis of movement; analysis of forces andaccelerations in three dimensions; work and power;simple biomechanical and biodynamic models;standards for lifting and carrying, their applicationand limitations. Prerequisites: KIN 201, 205 and 326which may be taken concurrently.

KIN 382-3 Physical Hazards in the WorkplaceThe focus of this course will be the study of thephysical environment and its effects on the health,safety and performance of the worker. Physicalproblems associated with noise, vibration, lighting,radiation, dust and ventilation will be examinedtogether with methods of recognition, treatment,protection and prevention. Prerequisites: KIN 142,PHYS 130 or 131, KIN 201, 205, 280. Students withcredit for KIN 480 may not take KIN 382 for furthercredit.

KIN 383-3 Human-Machine and Human-ComputerInteractionHuman information processing and motor controlfactors are considered as factors relevant toeffective, usable human-machine interfaces. A user-centred approach deals with task analysis, context ofuse, information processing demands, the interface,and the design, assessment and usability of tools,machines and computers. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: at least 60 credit hours and KIN 280 orby permission of instructor, KIN 203 or relevantcomputing background required.

KIN 402-3 Mechanical Properties of TissuesA study of the mechanical behavior of tissues of thebody and relation of this behavior to their structureand function. The course is designed to fill the gap

251Undergraduate Courses – Kinesiology

between basic anatomical (micro and macro)structure and physiological function, with a view toassessing the effects of unusual conditions (includingexercise) upon behavior to tissues. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: KIN 301.

KIN 407-3 Human Physiology LaboratoryExperiments dealing with the nervous, muscular,cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal systems arecovered. (Laboratory) Prerequisite: PHYS 130 (or131). KIN 305 and 306, one of which must alreadyhave been completed and the other can be takenconcurrently.

KIN 412-3 Molecular and Cellular CardiologyThis course entails a detailed analysis of themolecular and cellular basis of cardiac function. Thematerial will be derived from myriad disciplinesincluding: anatomy (histology and ultrastructure),biomechanics, physiology, electrophysiology,biochemistry and molecular biology. A particularemphasis will be placed on the mechanisms bywhich the heart responds to stresses such asischemia and exercise. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: KIN 305.

KIN 415-3 Neural Control of MovementAn in depth treatment of neurophysiology. Synapticinputs and cell interactions in the spinal cord areused to illustrate the general principles of interactionin the nervous system. Other topics include centraland peripheral motor control, the vestibular systemand the visual system. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: KIN 306 or BISC 305 or PSYC 381.

KIN 416-3 Control of Limb MechanicsControl of the human musculoskeletal systemexamined from the perspective of mechanicalimpedance. Mechanics of individual muscles, singlejoints spanned by multiple muscles and multi-jointlimb segments are discussed in the context ofphysical interaction with the environment.Prerequisites: KIN 201 and 306.

KIN 418-4 Electrophysiological Techniques LabThis laboratory course allows students to explorebasic biophysical and electrophysiological propertiesof excitable tissues in a realistic researchenvironment and to develop practical laboratory skillsfor the neurosciences. Prerequisite: KIN 306.Recommended: KIN 415.

KIN 420-3 Selected Topics in Kinesiology ISeminar topics in areas as not currently offered asformal courses within the undergraduate courseofferings in the School of Kinesiology. The topics inthis course will vary from semester to semester,depending on faculty availability and student interest.Prerequisites: to be announced in the CourseTimetable and Exam Schedule.

KIN 421-3 Selected Topics in Kinesiology IISeminar topics in areas as not currently offered asformal courses within the undergraduate courseofferings in the School of Kinesiology. The topics inthis course will vary from semester to semester,depending on faculty availability and student interest.Prerequisites: to be announced in the CourseTimetable and Exam Schedule.

KIN 422-3 Selected Topics in Kinesiology IIISeminar topics in areas as not currently offered asformal courses within the undergraduate courseofferings in the School of Kinesiology. The topics inthis course will vary from semester to semester,depending on faculty availability and student interest.Prerequisites: to be announced in the CourseTimetable and Exam Schedule.

KIN 423-3 Selected Topics in Kinesiology IVSelected topics in areas not currently offered asformal courses within the undergraduate courseofferings in the School of Kinesiology. The topics inthis course will vary from semester to semester,depending on faculty availability and student interest.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: to be announced inthe Course Timetable and Exam Schedule.

KIN 424-3 Selected Topics in Kinesiology VSelected topics in areas not currently offered asformal courses within the undergraduate courseofferings in the School of Kinesiology. The topics inthis course will vary from semester to semester,depending on faculty availability and student interest.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: to be announced inthe Course Timetable and Exam Schedule.

KIN 426-3 Neuromuscular AnatomyThis course explores human neuromuscular anatomyusing a lecture format supplemented by coursereadings, an anatomy atlas and tutorials which arepresented in an interactive fashion via the MacintoshComputer Laboratory on campus. A stronggrounding will be given in neuroanatomy withadditional emphasis on the limb musculature and itsinnervation. Prerequisite: KIN 326.

KIN 430-3 Human Energy MetabolismPathways of energy flow in animals and man, andthe relationship of biological energy transduction tothe needs of the whole animal. Quantitative aspectsof bioenergetics and adaptation to changes in energysupply and demand. Measuring techniques appliedto adaptations to muscle activity and variations infood intake. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: BICH 221(or 201). Students with credit in KIN 330 may nottake KIN 430 for further credit.

KIN 431-3 Environmental CarcinogenesisAn introduction to core concepts in the field ofenvironmental carcinogenesis. Emphasis will be onthe complex interactions of lifestyle factors,carcinogen exposure, genetic susceptibility anddietary habits as determinants of cancer risk. Classwork will include discussions of new techniques tomonitor exposure to environmental carcinogens andof regulatory aspects of governmental agenciestowards carcinogenic agents, as well as approachesbeing used by such agencies in risk assessment.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: at least 90 semesterhours of credit.

KIN 442-3 Biomedical SystemsConcepts and tools of systems analysis will beintroduced. Since these involve a philosophy ofproblem-solving rather than a catalogue oftechniques, they will be applied to a number of verydifferent problems in biomedicine and kinesiology.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: MATH 155 (or 152),PHYS 130 (or 131), KIN 305, 306.

KIN 451-0 Practicum IIIThe third semester of work experience. It is availableonly to Kinesiology Co-operative Education students.Prerequisites: students must apply to the KinesiologyCo-op Co-ordinator at least one semester inadvance. A student may not register for KIN 499 and451 concurrently.

KIN 452-0 Practicum IVThe fourth semester of work experience. It isavailable only to Kinesiology Co-operative Educationstudents. Prerequisites: students must apply to theKinesiology Co-op Co-ordinator at least onesemester in advance. They will normally be requiredto have completed KIN 451. A student may notregister for KIN 499 and 452 concurrently.

KIN 453-0 Practicum VThe fifth semester of work experience. It is availableonly to Kinesiology Co-operative Education students.Prerequisites: students must apply to the KinesiologyCo-op Co-ordinator at least one semester inadvance, and normally must have completed KIN452. A student may not register for KIN 499 and 453concurrently.

KIN 460-3 Cellular Mechanisms and Theories ofAgingThis course will review the models used ingerontological research at cellular and molecularlevel and discuss the validity of various theories ofaging. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: BICH 221 (orBISC 201), KIN 105 or 205 (formerly KIN 100), 142and 90 credit hours.

KIN 461-3 Physiological Aspects of AgingDesigned for those who require a serious but fairlybroad discussion of specific physiological aspects ofaging. The overall emphasis is on humans and othermammalian species and the varieties of agingchanges they manifest. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: KIN 105 or 205 (formerly KIN 100),142 and 90 credit hours.

KIN 467-3 Human Motor ControlThe advanced study of human motor control,primarily from a behavioral perspective. Coursecontent will include sections on: Bernstein’sapproach to the problem of co-ordination and action,theories of action, studies of relatively recentempirical work in support of the theories.(Lecture/Tutorial/Laboratory) Prerequisites: KIN 205and 207 or permission of instructor.

KIN 481-3 Activity-Generated MusculoskeletalDisordersThis is a kinesiological approach to understandingthe causes and prevention of musculoskeletaldisorders caused by activity (work and sport).Particular attention will be paid to injuries to the back,neck, hand and arm. (Lecture/Tutorial/Laboratory)Prerequisites: KIN 207 and 380.

KIN 485-4 Human Factors in the UnderwaterEnvironmentThe theme is human factors in the underwaterenvironment. The physiological effects of pressureon the human body and interfacing of humans andmachine underwater are considered. Topics includethe history of diving, decompression theory,decompression disorders, pulmonary function,underwater work, underwater breathing apparatus,narcosis, saturation diving, high pressure nervoussyndrome, and atmospheric diving suits.(Lecture/Tutorial/Laboratory) Prerequisites: KIN 305,306, MATH 155 (or 152).

KIN 486-3 Human Factors in Industrial DesignThe objective of the course is to learn the rudimentsof design layout. In an industrial context, a well-designed human-machine system must have morethan just good display and control components. Theessence of industrial design is to arrange systemcomponents so as to minimize productioninefficiencies and quality control and safetycompromises. Industrial examples will be presentedto illustrate how human-factors input can improve theproduction process and help to control some of theextreme hazards that arise in industrialenvironments. Prerequisites: KIN 203 or relevantcomputing experience, KIN 303, 326 and 380.

KIN 496-3 Directed Study IDirected reading and literature research on topicsselected in consultation with the supervisinginstructor. This course may not be repeated foradditional credit. A student who has completed KIN499 may not receive credit for KIN 496. A shortproposal of the project, approved by the coursesupervisor must be submitted for approval to theDirector before the first registration period for thesemester in which the student plans to register.Prerequisites: permission from the Chair of theUndergraduate Program Committee. Usually, upperlevel standing with at least 75 semester hours in theKinesiology program will be required.

KIN 497-3 Kinesiology Undergraduate HonorsThesis ProposalSupervised directed study and research leading tothe development of a formal undergraduate thesisproposal for work be conducted in KIN 499. Theactivity in KIN 497 may be augmented by othercourse work and a pilot study. In cases where anindustrial/community partner is involved in thedevelopment of a project, the work need not beconducted at Simon Fraser University and may becompleted external to SFU. Supervision of KIN 497will be conducted by a suitable faculty member, butmay be co-supervised by an industrial/community

252 Undergraduate Courses – Language, Latin American Studies, Liberal Arts

partner. Supervisor(s) must be approved by theUndergraduate Curriculum Committee. The plan ofactivities for each KIN 497 should be submitted to theChair of the Undergraduate Curriculum Committeefor approval one month prior to the semester in whichthe course will be taken. Prerequisites: only studentsin the honors program may register for KIN 497; 90credit hours, STAT 301, and permission of the Chairof the Undergraduate Curriculum Committee.

KIN 498-3 Directed Study IIDirected study and research selected in consultationwith the supervising instructor. A short proposal ofthe project approved by the course supervisor mustbe submitted for approval to the Director ofKinesiology before the first registration period of thesemester in which the student plans to register.Prerequisites: STAT 301 and permission from theChair of the Undergraduate Program Committee.Usually, upper level standing with at least 75semester hours in the Kinesiology program will berequired. Students with credit for KIN 497 may nottake KIN 498 for further credit. Honors student maynot take KIN 498 for credit.

KIN 499-12 Kinesiology Undergraduate HonorsThesisA thesis based on research previously proposed inKIN 497. Formal approval of the research topic isgiven by attaining a minimum grade of B in KIN 497.Regulations regarding the locale of the work,supervision and other arrangements, follow those forKIN 497. The written thesis should be submitted tothe Chair of the undergraduate CurriculumCommittee by the last day of exams of the semester.The thesis will also be presented orally as a seminarin an open forum at the end of the semester.Prerequisites: KIN 497. Only students in the honorsprogram may register for KIN 499. A student mayregister for one other course concurrently with KIN499 with permission from the faculty supervisor forKIN 499.

LanguageFaculty of ArtsInterdisciplinary StudiesLANG 100-149 (1-5) Introduction to a WorldLanguage IThe acquisition of introductory language skills in aworld language not separately designated in theCalendar. The specific course number and credithours assigned will vary with the language studied aswell as the focus and method of instruction.

LANG 150-199 (1-5) Introduction to a WorldLanguage IIThe acquisition of basic proficiency in language skillsin a world language not separately designated in theCalendar. The specific course number and credithours assigned will vary with the language studied aswell as the focus and method of instruction.Prerequisite: LANG 100-149 in the same language,or placement on the basis of prior knowledge. Pleaseinquire at the Language Training Institute forinformation on placement.

LANG 200-249 (1-5) Intermediate Language Study IThe development of fluent language skills in a worldlanguage not separately designated in the Calendar.The specific course number and credit hoursassigned will vary with the language studied as wellas the focus and method of instruction. Prerequisite:LANG 150-199 in the same language, or placementon the basis of prior knowledge. Please inquire at theLanguage Training Institute for information onplacement.

LANG 250-299 (1-5) Intermediate Language Study IIFurther development of the skills of reading, writingand speaking in a world language not separatelydesignated in the Calendar. The specific coursenumber and credit hours assigned will vary with the

language studied as well as the focus and method ofinstruction. Prerequisite: LANG 200-249 in the samelanguage, or placement on the basis of priorknowledge. Please inquire at the Language TrainingInstitute for information on placement.

Latin American StudiesFaculty of ArtsLAS 100-3 Images of Latin AmericaA multimedia introduction to Latin American Studies.Film screenings and media analysis sessions willcomplement a series of introductory lectures onvarious relevant contemporary issues such asethnicity and race, gender, the ecology, and currentsocial and political events. This is a course ofgeneral interest open to all students.(Lecture/Tutorial)

LAS 140-3 Cultural Heritage of Latin AmericaA multi-disciplinary introduction to contemporaryLatin American culture through the examination ofPre-Columbian, Iberian, and African civilizations.(Lecture/Tutorial) Students with credit for SPAN 140may not take LAS 140 for further credit.

LAS 200-3 Introduction to Latin American IssuesA multidisciplinary introduction to contemporary LatinAmerica. The course is organized in three modules:‘People and the Land’, ‘The Human Condition’, and‘The Political Alternatives’, each of which will beexamined from the varying perspectives of history,geography, politics, the arts, etc. (Lecture/Tutorial)This is a required course for LAS majors, joint majorsand minors. Open to all students. LAS 140-3 isrecommended.

LAS 300-3 Latin American LiteratureA study in English of significant contributions to LatinAmerican literature. (Lecture/Tutorial)

LAS 309-3 Special Topics: Regional Studies IAn interdisciplinary study of a specific Latin Americanregion, e.g. Central America, the Andes, theSouthern Cone, Amazonia, etc. One region will beexamined from a multidisciplinary perspective:history, literature, politics, economy, etc. (Seminar)Prerequisite: LAS 200.

LAS 310-3 Special Topics: Regional Studies IIAn interdisciplinary study of a specific Latin Americanregion, e.g. Central America, the Andes, theSouthern Cone, Amazonia, etc. One region will beexamined from a multidisciplinary perspective:history, literature, politics, economy, etc. (Seminar)Prerequisite: LAS 200-3. Provided the content is notthe same, the department may grant permission for astudent to repeat this course for further credit.

LAS 311-3 Special Topics: Latin AmericanInternational RelationsA multidisciplinary study of bilateral issues betweenLatin America and a specific country or region, e.g.Canada and Latin America, the US and LatinAmerica, the Pacific Rim. Historical, economic, andideological perspectives as well as topics related tobusiness, foreign aid, and immigration will beemphasized. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: LAS200-3.

LAS 312-3 Special Topics: Latin AmericanCultural TopicsA cross-disciplinary focus on specific elements ofcontemporary Latin American and Iberian culture.Topics such as indigenism, Afro-Latin culture,religion, literature, and folklore will be studied.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: LAS 140-3 or 200-3.

LAS 318-3 Political Economy of Latin AmericanDevelopmentThis is a survey course which introduces students tothe various theoretical approaches which have beenused since the 1950’s to understand the politicaleconomy of Latin American development. It dealswith some of the classic theories of modernization,dependency, world systems, and modes of

production analysis. The last unit of the course isdevoted to the most contemporary issues of LatinAmerican development, such as the agrarianquestion, women and development, problems ofurbanization and the informal sector. (Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisites: LAS 200 and either ECON102 or 105 or permission of the instructor.

LAS 320-3 Canada and Latin AmericaAn analysis of Canada's multi-faceted relations withLatin America. Topics include: the history ofCanada's foreign policy towards Latin America, tradeand investment, official development assistance andthe role of non-governmental organizations, humanrights, immigration and refugee policy, andparticipation in multilateral institutions (e.g. the OAS).(Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisite: LAS 200 orpermission of instructor.

LAS 323-3 Women in Latin American Literatureand SocietyThis course will examine how women writers andartists from Latin America have representedthemselves as gendered social, historical andphilosophical subjects. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: LAS 200.

LAS 402-5 Field StudyA multidisciplinary study of a selected country orregion. This course will normally be part of the LASField School in Latin America, and will be conductedin co-operation with local lecturers from the hostcountry. (Seminar/Field Study) Prerequisite: LAS200-3.

LAS 403-3 Special Topics: Latin AmericanEconomy and SocietyThis seminar will be taught co-operatively by LASassociated faculty or by a visiting professor. A topicwill be chosen which can be examined profitably froma multidisciplinary perspective. (Seminar)Prerequisite: LAS 200-3.

LAS 404-3 Special Topics: Field School IThis course will be part of the SLAS Field School inLatin America. The selected region will be examinedon site from a multidisciplinary perspective.(Seminar) Prerequisite: LAS 200 or permission of thedepartment.

LAS 405-3 Special Topics: Field School IIThis course will be part of the SLAS Field School inLatin America. A topic will be chosen which can beexamined profitably from a multidisciplinaryperspective (Seminar) Prerequisite: LAS 200 orpermission of the department.

LAS 410-4 Andean History and CultureAn interdisciplinary study of the history and culture ofthe Andean region from the Inka period to thepresent. The first half of the course examines theAndean response to colonialism and the nation-state;the second half focuses on issues and problems thatAndean peoples confront today. (Seminar)Prerequisites: LAS 140 and 200 or permission of theinstructor.

LAS 498-5 Independent Study ProjectIndependent reading and research on a cross-disciplinary project under the supervision of a facultymember. A term paper will be required.Prerequisites: 90 credit hours, including LAS 200,and permission of the department.

Liberal ArtsFaculty of ArtsLBRL 101-0 Practicum IFirst semester of work experience in the Liberal ArtsCo-operative Education program. Prerequisites: atleast 30 semester hours with a minimum CGPA of3.0, including ENGL 099 and PHIL 001. Studentsshould apply to the Faculty of Arts Co-op Co-ordinator by the end of the third week of thesemester preceding the employment semester.

253Undergraduate Courses – Linguistics

LBRL 201-0 Practicum IISecond semester of work experience in the LiberalArts Co-operative Education program. Prerequisites:successful completion of Liberal Arts 101 and atleast 45 semester hours with a minimum CGPA of3.0. Students should apply to the Faculty of Arts Co-op Co-ordinator by the end of the third week of thesemester preceding the employment semester.

LBRL 301-0 Practicum IIIThird semester of work experience in the Liberal ArtsCo-operative Education program. Prerequisites:successful completion of Liberal Arts 201 and at least60 semester hours with a minimum CGPA of 3.0.Students should apply to the Faculty of Arts Co-opCo-ordinator by the end of the third week of thesemester preceding the employment semester.

LBRL 401-0 Practicum IVFourth semester of work experience in the LiberalArts Co-operative Education program. Prerequisites:successful completion of Liberal Arts 301 and at least75 semester hours with a minimum CGPA of 3.0.Students should apply to the Faculty of Arts Co-opCo-ordinator by the end of the third week of thesemester preceding the employment semester.

LBRL 402-0 Practicum VOptional fifth semester of work experience in theLiberal Arts Co-operative Education program.Prerequisites: successful completion of LBRL 401and at least 90 semester hours with a minimumCGPA of 3.0. Students should apply to the Faculty ofArts co-op co-ordinators by the end of the third weekof the semester preceding the employment semester.

LinguisticsFaculty of ArtsLING 100-3 Communication and LanguageA non-theoretical approach to the study of languageusing examples from a variety of languages. (Lecture)

LING 110-3 The Wonder of WordsStudy of the structure of words, the change ofmeaning of words, the change in form of words.Examples from English, French and other languages.A general interest course open to all students.(Lecture)

LING 130-3 Practical PhoneticsPractical training in the description of sounds used inlanguage. (Seminar)

LING 220-3 Introduction to LinguisticsAn introduction to linguistic analysis.(Lecture/Tutorial) Students with credit for LING 240may not take this course for further credit.

LING 221-3 Introduction to PhonologyThe principles of phonological analysis.(Lecture) Prerequisites: LING 130, 220.

LING 222-3 Introduction to SyntaxThe principles of syntactic analysis. (Lecture)Prerequisite: LING 220.

LING 231-3 Introduction to a First NationsLanguage IAn introductory course in the structure of a nativelanguage of the Americas, including phonetics,vocabulary, word formation, and grammaticalconstructions. The course will be based on adesignated language to be named each time it istaught, and will usually be chosen from theNorthwest Coast area. (Tutorial) Prerequisite: LING130. Students who have taken LING 431 in semester90-3 may not take this course for further credit.

LING 232-3 Introduction to a First NationsLanguage IIA continuation of the introductory course in a nativelanguage, including phonetics, vocabulary, wordformation, and grammatical constructions. Thecourse will be based on a designated language to benamed each time it is taught, and will usually be

chosen from the Northwest Coast area. (Tutorial)Prerequisite: LING 231 in the same language.Students who have taken LING 432 in semester 91-1may not take this course for further credit.

LING 241-3 Languages of the WorldA survey of the languages of the world. Anexamination of the linguistic structure of selectedlanguages. (Lecture) Prerequisite: LING 220.

LING 260-3 Language, Culture, and SocietyAn introduction to language in its social and culturaldimensions. (Lecture/Tutorial)

LING 310-6 Intensive Survey of LinguisticAnalysisAn in-depth examination of core areas of linguisticanalysis, including extensive practice withrepresentative linguistic data from a variety oflanguages. (Lecture/Tutorial) This course may not betaken for credit toward a major, minor or honorsprogram in Linguistics.

LING 321-3 PhonologyAn overview of theoretical principles in phonology.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: LING 221 or 310.

LING 322-3 SyntaxThe study of sentence structure in language througha survey of constructions found in natural languagedata together with a consideration of syntactictheory. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: LING 222 or310.

LING 323-3 MorphologyWord structure in natural languages and itsrelationship to phonological and syntactic levels ofgrammar. (Lecture) Prerequisites: LING 221, 222 or310.

LING 324-3 SemanticsThe basics of word meaning, including: sense andreference, componential analysis, color and kinshipterminology, semantic universals, synonymy andantonymy, one and two term predicates, lexicaldecomposition, presupposition, and selectionrestrictions. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: LING 222or 310.

LING 330-3 PhoneticsA survey of methods of speech sound descriptionand transcription. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:LING 221 or 310.

LING 331-3 Description and Analysis of a FirstNations Language IAn intermediate course in the structure of a nativelanguage of the Americas, including writing systems,texts and examination of the general linguisticproperties of the language and the language family inwhich it is situated. The course will be based on adesignated language to be named each time it istaught, and will usually be chosen from theNorthwest Coast area. (Tutorial) Prerequisite: LING232 or equivalent credit in the same language.

LING 332-3 Description and Analysis of a FirstNations Language IIA continuation of the intermediate course in a nativelanguage of the Americas, including writing systems,texts, and examination of the general linguisticproperties of the language and the language family inwhich it is situated. The course will be based on adesignated language to be named each time it istaught, and will usually be chosen from theNorthwest Coast area. (Tutorial) Prerequisite: LING331 or equivalent credit in the same language.

LING 350-3 First Language AcquisitionIntroduction to the study of language acquisition fromthe point of view of linguistic structure. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: LING 130, 220. Students whohave taken LING 250 may not take this course forfurther credit.

LING 360-3 Linguistics and Language Teaching:TheoryTheoretical aspects of second language learning.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: LING 130, 220; or310.

LING 361-3 Linguistics and Language Teaching:PracticeEvaluation, preparation and presentation of secondlanguage teaching materials based on soundlinguistic principles, with special reference totheoretical issues introduced in LING 360.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: LING 360 orconcurrent registration therein. Familiarity with alanguage other than English is required.

LING 362-3 English as a Second Language:TheoryApplication of linguistic principles to the teaching ofEnglish as a second language. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: LING 130, 220 or 310.

LING 363-3 English as a Second Language:PracticeImplementation of linguistic principles in the teachingof English as a Second Language, including apractical experience with learners of English.(Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisite: LING 362 orconcurrent registration therein. This course is gradedon a pass/fail basis.

LING 400-3 Formal LinguisticsFormal systems and their relation to linguisticmethods and theory. Topics include themathematical properties of natural languages, andrigorously defined frameworks for linguistic analysisand their formal properties. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: LING 322. Recommended: PHIL 210

LING 401-3 Advanced PhoneticsAdvanced training in speech sound description andanalysis in the impressionistic and instrumentalmodes. (Lecture/Tutorial/Laboratory) Prerequisite:LING 330.

LING 403-3 Advanced PhonologyDetailed study of the formulation of phonologicaltheories and their testing with natural language data.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: LING 321.

LING 405-3 Advanced SyntaxIn-depth investigation of theoretical frameworks forsyntactic description of natural languages.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: LING 322.

LING 406-3 Advanced SemanticsThis course will examine aspects of sentencemeaning, including: truth conditions and theirderivation from lexical and syntactic information;meaning-changing transformations; quantifierinterchange; specificity and its relation to quantifierscope; opaque contexts; the role of meaningpostulates; pragmatic aspects of meaning;performative sentences. (Lecture) Prerequisites:LING 322, 324. Recommended: PHIL 210.

LING 407-3 Historical LinguisticsThe development of languages and languagefamilies through time; genetic grouping, thecomparative method, reconstruction, etymology,universals and language change. (Lecture)Prerequisites: LING 321, 322 and 323.

LING 408-3 Field LinguisticsThe investigation and description of an unfamiliarlanguage. (Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisites: LING 221and 222; or 310.

LING 409-3 SociolinguisticsA systematic approach to the study of linguisticvariation in different areal, social, and culturalsettings. (Lecture) Prerequisites: LING 220 or 310,260.

LING 423-3 Advanced MorphologyPrinciples of morphological theory and a survey ofcurrent research on word structure. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: LING 321, 322, 323.

LING 430-3 Native American LanguagesStructural and genetic characteristics of Nativelanguages of America, with special emphasis onlanguages of the Northwest. Detailed examination ofone language or language family. (Seminar)Prerequisites: LING 221 and 222; or 310.

254 Undergraduate Courses – Management and Systems Science, Marine Science, Mathematics and Computing Science

LING 431-3 Language Structures IDetailed examination of the structure of a selectedlanguage. (Seminar) Prerequisites: LING 221 and222; or 310.

LING 432-3 Language Structures IIDetailed examination of the structure of a selectedlanguage. (Seminar) Prerequisites: LING 221 and222; or 310.

Note: This course may be a continuation of LING431, or may be independent of it (see course outlinesfor the semesters offered).

LING 440-3 History and Philosophy of LinguisticsHistorical and ontological development of linguisticconcepts; issues in the philosophy of sciencepertaining to linguistic theory; the source of linguisticideas in philosophical theories and their place inintellectual history. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites:LING 221 and 222; or 310.

LING 441-3 Linguistic Universals and TypologyA survey of the main language types found in theworld with reference to their structural properties; thecategorization of language types as a consequenceof linguistic universals. (Lecture) Prerequisites: LING221 and 222; or 310.

LING 480-3 Topics in Linguistics IInvestigation of a selected area of linguistic research.(Seminar) Prerequisite: 12 credit hours of upperdivision linguistics courses.

LING 481-3 Topics in Linguistics IIInvestigation of a selected area of linguistic research.(Seminar) Prerequisite: 12 credit hours of upperdivision linguistics courses. Note: may be takenwithout LING 480.

LING 490-3 Honors EssayTopic of a specific nature to be agreed upon by thestudent and a particular faculty member. (Seminar)Prerequisite: a minimum of 35 hours of upperdivision Linguistic courses counting toward thehonors degree.

Management and SystemsScienceFaculty of ScienceSee also courses listed under Economics (ECON),Business Administration (BUS), Computing Science(CMPT) and Mathematics (MATH) and Statistics(STAT).

MSSC 480-1/481-1 Undergraduate Seminar inManagement and Systems ScienceA seminar for students undertaking a major or anhonors program in Management and SystemsScience. (Seminar) Prerequisites: completion of allrequired lower division courses and at least 15 upperdivision credits required in the program.

Marine ScienceFaculty of ScienceSee also courses listed under Biological Sciences(BISC).

Note: These courses are generally offered at theBamfield Marine Station, Vancouver Island, duringthe summer and fall. See the Biological Sciencesundergraduate section for further information.

In addition to the MASC courses listed below, theBamfield Marine Station biennially offers a suite ofMarine oriented courses at the station, VancouverIsland. Students interested in this offering shouldcontact the Department of Biological Sciences fordetails of the next proposed offering.

MASC 400-6 Directed StudiesA course of directed studies under the supervision ofa member of faculty. The study will involve aresearch project approved by the supervisor in thefield of interest of the student, and will be designed to

take maximum advantage of the laboratory and/orfield opportunities offered by the Bamfield MarineStation.

MASC 401-3 Directed Studies in Marine ScienceA course of directed studies under the supervision ofa member of faculty. The study will involve aresearch project approved by the supervisor in thefield of interest of the student, and will be designed totake maximum advantage of the laboratory and fieldopportunities offered by the Marine Station.Prerequisite: admission by the Director, BamfieldMarine Station.

MASC 410-6 Marine Invertebrate ZoologyA survey of the marine phyla, with emphasis on thebenthic fauna in the vicinity of the Bamfield MarineStation. The course includes lectures, laboratoryperiods, field collection, identification, andobservation. Emphasis is placed on the study ofliving specimens in the laboratory and in the field.

MASC 411-6 Comparative Embryology of MarineInvertebratesA comprehensive study of development of marineinvertebrates available at the Bamfield MarineStation including all major phyla and most of theminor phyla. Lectures will cover gametogenesis,fertilization, regeneration, cell lineage, mosaic andregulated development, larval development andmetamorphosis of the different groups. Laboratorywork will include methods and techniques ofobtaining and handling gametes, preparation andmaintenance of larval cultures and observation ofdevelopment up to metamorphosis if possible. Someselected and clearly defined classical experimentswill be performed. Efforts will also be made to studyvarious pelagic larvae. Prerequisite: BISC 306 or316.

MASC 412-6 Biology of FishesClassification, physiology, ecology, behavior andzoogeography of fishes with particular emphasis onthose in the marine environment of the BritishColumbia coast. Local collections from a variety ofhabitats will be used for experimental studies.Prerequisite: BISC 316.

MASC 413-3 Biology of Marine MolluscsAn advanced course of selected topics emphasizingfunctional morphology, ecology and evolution of thisdiverse phylum. Field trips will be undertaken tosurvey the representative molluscs of the Bamfieldregion. Students will be expected to complete anindependent field or laboratory study of selectedmolluscs.

MASC 415-3 Structure and Function in AnimalsThe course will focus on the structure of marineanimals and their adaptations to the marineenvironment. Neurobiology, developmental biology,functional morphology and other topics will becovered. Prerequisite: admission by the Director,Bamfield Marine Station.

MASC 425-3 Ecological Adaptations of SeaweedsThe course will explore morphological physiological,genetic and reproductive adaptations of seaweeds totheir natural and man-altered environments.Prerequisite: admission by the Director, BamfieldMarine Station.

MASC 430-6 Marine EcologyAn analytical approach to biotic associations in themarine environment. Opportunities will be providedfor study of the intertidal realm in exposed andprotected areas and of beaches and estuaries in thevicinity of the Bamfield Marine Station; planktonstudies and investigations of the subtidal and benthicenvironments by diving and dredging are envisaged.Prerequisite: BISC 306 or 326.

MASC 437-3 Marine Population Ecology andDynamicsAn analytical approach to the study of marineecology and marine populations. Intertidal andsubtidal communities will be examined, with

emphasis on the biota of the Barkley Sound region.Prerequisite: admission by the Director, BamfieldMarine Station.

MASC 440-3 Biology of Marine BirdsThe interrelationship of birds and the marineenvironment. Lectures will emphasize thesystematics and ecological relationships, behavior,life histories, movements and conservation of marinebirds. Census techniques and methods of studyingmarine birds in the field will be stressed during fieldtrips in the Barkley Sound region. Seabirdidentification, classification, morphology, plumagesand molt will be examined in the laboratory.

MASC 445-3 Biology of Marine MammalsA survey course covering systematics anddistribution of marine mammals, their sensorycapabilities and physiology, with special emphasis onthe Cetacea. The course includes lectures,laboratory periods and numerous field trips in theBarkley Sound region. The course will involve anindependent field study.

MASC 446-3 Comparative EthologyA comparative study of marine animals (vertebrateand invertebrate) emphasizing behavioraldescription, underlying physiological mechanisms,the biological significance of behavior and behavioralevolution. The course will include independentlaboratory and field studies.

MASC 470-(3 or 6), 471-(3 or 6), 472-(3 or 6), 473-(3 or 6), 474-(3 or 6), 475-(3 or 6), 476-(3 or 6), 477-(3 or 6), 478-(3 or 6), 479-(3 or 6) Special Topics inMarine BiologyOffered, as opportunities arise, by visiting scientistswho are working at the Bamfield Marine Station andare prepared to offer a course of either three or sixweeks. Courses will be of a specialized nature.Prerequisite: will vary and will be announced inadvance of the course offering.

MASC 480-3 Seminars and Papers in MarineScienceA series of weekly seminars covering current topicsof interest in the Marine Sciences. Seminars will bepresented Bamfield Marine Station researchers,graduate students and visiting scientists as well asby the students themselves. Prerequisite: admissionby the Director, Bamfield Marine Station.

Mathematics and ComputingScienceFaculties of Applied Sciences andScienceSee also courses listed under Mathematics (MATH),Computing Science (CMPT) and Statistics (STAT).

Minimum Grade RequirementStudents wishing to register for Mathematics/Computing Science courses must have obtainedgrades of C- or better, in prerequisite courses.Students will not normally be permitted to enrol inany MACM course for which a D grade or lower wasobtained in any prerequisite. No student may take,for further credit, any course offered by theDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics which is aprerequisite for a course the student has alreadycompleted with a grade of C- or higher, withoutpermission of the department.

MACM 101-3 Discrete Mathematics IIntroduction to counting, induction, automata theory,formal reasoning, modular arithmetic. (Lecture)Prerequisite: BC high school Math 12

MACM 201-3 Discrete Mathematics IIA continuation of MACM 101. Topics covered includegraph theory, trees, relations, asymptotics,generating functions and recurrence relations.Prerequisite: MACM 101.

255Undergraduate Courses – Mathematics

MACM 300-3 Introduction to Formal Languagesand Automata with ApplicationsLanguages, grammars, automata and theirapplications. Turing machines. Computability andundecidability. Complexity theory. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: MACM 201.

MACM 316-3 Numerical Analysis IA presentation of the problems commonly arising innumerical analysis and scientific computing and thebasic methods for their solutions. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: MATH 152 or 155 or 158, and 232 andknowledge of a high level computer language suchas FORTRAN, C, PASCAL or MODULA 2. Studentswith credit for MATH 406 or MATH 316 may notreceive further credit for MACM 316.

MathematicsFaculty of ScienceSee also courses listed under Actuarial Mathematics(ACMA), Mathematics and Computing Science(MACM) and Statistics (STAT).

Open Workshops for MATH Courses(see courses marked with † below)

Some introductory and service courses areorganized through the department’s openworkshops. In addition to regularly scheduledlectures, students registered in these courses areencouraged to come to the workshops for assistancewith problems and questions any time during postedworking hours. At the workshop students will havethe opportunity to meet with the co-ordinator, theteaching assistants and other students, and worktogether to understand mathematics in a friendly andhelpful environment.

Basic Mathematics WorkshopMATH 100,110,190 TLX 9505 Dr. M. Dubiel

Calculus and Linear Algebra WorkshopMATH 151,152,232 AQ 4110 Mrs. T. Berggren

Applied Calculus WorkshopMATH 154,155,157,158 TLX 9503 Dr. J.C. Arya

Workshop for Computer Aided TutoringMATH 171, 172 TLX 9514 Dr. J. Hebron

Downtown sections of these courses are notscheduled through the workshops but have regularlyscheduled tutorials.

Beginning Level Requirements in MathematicsStudents considering registering in a mathematicscourse who do not have BC Math 11 (or equivalent)with at least a grade of C must see the co-ordinatorof the Basic Math Workshop. These students maytake the non-credit course, Basic Algebra, offeredthrough the Department of Mathematics andStatistics.

The prerequisites for the first mathematics coursesare as follows.

MATH 100,110,113,190BC Math 11 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least Cor permission of the department or the non-creditcourse, Basic Algebra

MATH 157BC Math 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least B;or MATH 110 with a grade of at least C-; or (withpermission of the department) MATH 100 with agrade of at least C-

MATH 151,154BC Math 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least Bor MATH 100 with a grade of at least C-

MATH 144BC Math 12 (or equivalent) or MATH 100 with agrade of at least C-

Students who are unsure of their level of preparationare strongly encouraged to take the free MathAssessment Test at the Basic Math Workshop, TLX9565, the Evening Resource Centre (if the Workshop

is closed) or Simon Fraser University at HarbourCentre.

Minimum Grade Requirement in Prerequisites forLater MATH CoursesStudents enrolled in courses offered by theMathematics and Statistics Department must haveobtained grades of C- or better in prerequisitecourses.

Some experience with a high level programminglanguage is recommended by the beginning of thesecond year.

Courses marked with an asterisk (*) are intended tobe particularly accessible to students who are notspecializing in Mathematics.

No student may take, for further credit, any courseoffered by the Department of Mathematics andStatistics which is a prerequisite for a course thestudent has already completed with a grade of C- orhigher, without permission of the department.

*MATH 100-3 Precalculus†Algebraic, exponential, logarithmic and trigonometricfunctions and their graphs. Conic sections,applications. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: see above table.This course may not be taken for credit by studentswho already have credit for any Mathematics coursefor which this course (or BC Math 12) is aprerequisite. Students may not count more than oneof MATH 100 or 110 for credit. MATH 100 may notbe counted towards the Mathematics minor, major orhonors degree requirements.

*MATH 110-3 Introductory Mathematics for theSocial and Management Sciences†Linear and quadratic functions, sequences andsums, compound interest, exponential andlogarithmic functions, counting techniques,probability. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: see above table.This course may not be taken for credit by studentswho already have credit for any Mathematics coursefor which this course (or BC Math 12) is aprerequisite. Students may not count more than oneof MATH 100 and 110 for credit. MATH 110 may notcount towards the Mathematics minor, major orhonors degree requirements.

*MATH 113-3 Euclidean GeometryPlane Euclidean geometry, congruence andsimilarity. Theory of parallels. Polygonal areas.Pythagorean Theorem. Geometrical constructions.(3-1-0) Prerequisite: see above table.

MATH 144-3 Introduction to Pure MathematicsAn introduction to proofs and techniques of proofssuch as mathematical induction. The fundamentalnotions of modern Pure Mathematics such as logic,sets, functions and relations. (3-1-0) Prerequisite:see above table.

MATH 151-3 Calculus I†Functions and graphs, conic sections, limits andcontinuity, derivatives, techniques and applications ofdifferentiation, trigonometric functions, logarithmsand exponentials, extrema, the mean value theoremand polar co-ordinates. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: seeabove table. Students with credit for either MATH154 or 157 may not take MATH 151 for further credit.

MATH 152-3 Calculus II†Integrals, techniques and applications of integration,approximations, sequences and series, area and arclength in polar coordinates. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite:MATH 151 or 154; or MATH 157 with a grade of A orB. Students with credit for MATH 155 or 158 may nottake MATH 152 for further credit.

*MATH 154-3 Calculus I for the BiologicalSciences†This course is designed for students specializing inthe biological and medical sciences. Topics include:limits, growth rate and the derivative; logarithmic,exponential and trigonometric functions and theirapplications in population study; optimization andapproximation methods. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: see

above table. Students with credit for either MATH151 or 157 may not take MATH 154 for further credit.

*MATH 155-3 Calculus II for the BiologicalSciences†The integral and its applications, partial derivatives,differential equations and their applications inecology, mathematical models of biologicalprocesses. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: MATH 151 or 154;or MATH 157 with a grade of A or B. Students withcredit for MATH 152 or 158 may not take MATH 155for further credit.

*MATH 157-3 Calculus for the Social Sciences I†This course is designed for students specializing inbusiness or the social sciences. Topics include:limits, growth rate and the derivative; logarithmic andexponential functions and their application tobusiness, economics, optimization andapproximation methods; functions of severalvariables. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: see above table.Students with credit for either MATH 151 or 154 maynot take MATH 157 for further credit.

*MATH 158-3 Calculus for the Social Sciences II†Theory of integration and its applications;introduction to differential equations with emphasison some special first-order equations and theirapplications to economics and social sciences;algebraic operations with matrices, systems of linearequations, determinants, introduction to linearprogramming. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: MATH 151 or154 or 157. Students with credit for MATH 152 or155 may not take MATH 158 for further credit.

MATH 161-0 Honors Supplement for Calculus IThe class meets one hour each week. Students willspend most of the time working on challengingproblems relating to the material of MATH 151,Calculus I but will also have the opportunity toinvestigate many different areas of mathematics.(0-1-0) Prerequisite: a grade of A or better in Math 12(or equivalent) or a grade of A or better in MATH 151or permission of the Department. This course will begraded on a Pass/No Entry basis.

MATH 162-0 Honors Supplement for Calculus IIThe class meets one hour each week. Students willspend most of the time working on challengingproblems relating to the material of MATH 152Calculus II, but will also have the opportunity toinvestigate many different areas of mathematics.(0-1-0) Prerequisites: a grade of A or better in MATH151 or its equivalent and a grade of Pass in MATH161 or permission of the instructor. This course willbe graded on a Pass/No Entry basis.

MATH 171-1 Computer Explorations in Calculus I†This supplement to MATH 151/154/157 givesstudents the opportunity to explore and investigatethe underlying principles of differential calculus usingleading edge computer software currently used inmathematical and scientific research and industry.Previous experience with computers would bebeneficial, but it is not required. (1-0-2†) Prerequisite:BC Math 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least Bor MATH 100 with a grade of at least C. Corequisite:MATH 151, 154 or 157. Other students may registerwith special permission.

MATH 172-1 Computer Explorations in Calculus II†This supplement to MATH 152/155/158 givesstudents the opportunity to explore and investigatethe underlying principles of integral calculus usingleading edge computer software currently used inmathematical and scientific research and industry.Previous experience with computers would bebeneficial, but it is not required. Prerequisite: MATH151, 154 or 157. Corequisite: MATH 152, 155, or158. Other students may register with specialpermission.

*MATH 190-4 Principles of Mathematics forTeachers†Mathematical ideas involved in number systems andgeometry in the elementary school curriculum. Whole

256 Undergraduate Courses – Mathematics

number, fractional number, and rational numbersystems. Plane geometry, solid geometry, metricgeometry, and motion geometry. (4-0-1†)Prerequisite: see above table. This course may notbe counted toward the Mathematics minor, major orhonors degree requirements. Candidates for degreesin the Faculty of Science may not use this course forthe satisfaction of degree requirements. Studentswho have taken, have received transfer credit for, orare currently taking MATH 151, 154 or 157 may nottake MATH 190 for credit without permission from theMathematics and Statistics Department.

MATH 198-3 Selected Topics in MathematicsTopics in areas of mathematics and statistics notcovered in the regular undergraduate curriculum ofthe department. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: dependent onthe topic covered.

MATH 232-3 Elementary Linear Algebra†Matrix arithmetic, linear equations, and determinants.Real vector spaces and linear transformations. Innerproducts and orthogonality. Eigenvalues andeigenvectors. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: MATH 151 or154 or 157.

MATH 242-3 Introduction to AnalysisMathematical induction. Limits of real sequences andreal functions. Continuity and its consequences. TheMean Value Theorem. The Fundamental Theorem ofCalculus. Series. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: MATH 152 or155.

MATH 251-3 Calculus IIIVectors, solid analytic geometry, differential calculusof several variables, multiple integrals, cylindrical andspherical coordinates, line integrals. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: MATH 152 or 155; or MATH 158 with agrade of A or B. It is recommended that MATH 232be completed before this course is attempted.

MATH 252-3 Vector CalculusVector functions of a single variable, space curves,scalar and vector fields, conservative fields, surfaceand volume integrals, and theorems of Gauss, Greenand Stokes. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: MATH 232 and251. Students with credit for MATH 312 may not takeMATH 252 for further credit.

MATH 262-3 Applied Mathematics — StaticsVectors. Reduction of force systems, equipollentsystems of forces. Plane statics, free body diagram,trusses, frames, friction. Statics in space. Beams andcables. Centroids. Second moments of areas. (3-1-0)Prerequisites: MATH 152 (preferably) or 155 mustprecede or be taken concurrently; and PHYS 120.

MATH 263-3 Applied Mathematics — Rigid BodyDynamicsNewton’s laws. Moments of inertia. Principles ofdynamics; work and energy. Kinematics and kineticsof rigid bodies, plane motion of rigid bodies.(Dynamics of rigid bodies is the topic for this course.)(3-1-0) Prerequisites: MATH 262; MATH 251 (or 253)must precede or be taken concurrently. MATH 262may be waived with the permission of thedepartment. Students may not count more than oneof MATH 263 or PHYS 212 for credit.

MATH 291-2, 292-3 Selected Topics inMathematicsThe topics included in these courses will vary fromsemester to semester, depending on facultyavailability and student interest. (2-1-0), (3-1-0)Prerequisites will be specified according to theparticular topic or topics offered. Each course maynot count more than once toward degreerequirements.

*MATH 308-3 Linear ProgrammingTheory and applications of linear programming,geometric and computational considerations,networks, applications of duality. (3-1-0) Prerequisite:MATH 232. Recommended: MATH 243 or MACM201.

MATH 309-3 Continuous OptimizationTheoretical and computational methods for

investigating the minimum of a function of severalreal variables with and without inequality constraints.Applications to operations research, model fitting,and economic theory. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: MATH232 and 251; MATH 308 is recommended.

MATH 310-3 Introduction to Ordinary DifferentialEquationsFirst-order differential equations, second- and higher-order linear equations, series solutions, introductionto Laplace transform, systems and numericalmethods, applications in the physical, biological andsocial sciences. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: MATH 152 or155; or MATH 158 with a grade of A or B. It isstrongly recommended that MATH 232 be completedbefore this course is attempted.

MATH 313-3 Differential GeometryCurvature and torsion for space curves, Frenetformulae, tangents and normals to surfaces,curvatures of a surface, special points and curves onsurfaces, calculus on surfaces. (3-1-0) Prerequisite:MATH 252.

MATH 314-3 Boundary Value ProblemsSeparation of variables for the conduction equation,the wave equations and Laplace’s equation. Sturm-Liouville problems. Separation in polar co-ordinates.Laplace transforms. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: MATH 252(or 253) and 310.

MATH 320-3 Advanced Calculus of One VariableSequences and series of functions; uniformconvergence; consequences of uniformconvergence; improper integrals; additionalapplications of convergence. (3-1-0) Prerequisites:MATH 242 and 251.

MATH 322-3 Complex VariablesFunctions of a complex variable, differentiability,contour integrals, Cauchy’s theorem, Taylor andLaurent expansions, method of residues. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: MATH 251. Students with credit forMATH 422 may not take MATH 322 for further credit.

MATH 332-3 Introduction to Applied AlgebraicSystemsAn introduction to groups, rings and fields withapplications to cryptography, codes and countingtechniques based on permutation groups. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: MATH 232.

MATH 336-0 Job Practicum IThis is the first semester of work experience in a Co-operative Education program available toMathematics students. Interested students shouldcontact departmental advisors as early in theircareers as possible, for proper counselling.Prerequisite: Students must apply to and receivepermission from the Department of Mathematics andStatistics at least one semester in advance. They willnormally be required to have completed 45 semesterhours of credit with a GPA of 2.5. This course will begraded on a pass/withdraw basis. A course fee isrequired.

MATH 337-0 Job Practicum IIThis is the second semester of work experience in aCo-operative Education program available toMathematics students. Prerequisites: MATH 336 andpermission of the Co-op Co-ordinator; students mustapply at least one semester in advance. This coursewill be graded on a pass/withdraw basis. A coursefee is required.

MATH 339-3 Groups and SymmetrySymmetries, groups, subgroups and generators,isomorphisms, dihedral groups, matrix groups,products, Cayley’s Theorem, Lagrange’s Theoremand Cauchy’s Theorem. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: MATH232.

MATH 342-3 Elementary Number TheoryDivisibility of primes, congruences, arithmeticfunctions and related topics. Prerequisite: any 200level MATH or MACM course. (3-0-0)

MATH 343-3 Applied Discrete MathematicsDiscrete modelling, generation of combinatorial

objects, matching theory, scheduling, applications ofgraphs. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: MATH 243 or MACM201. A computing language is recommended.

MATH 361-3 Mechanics of Deformable MediaAnalysis of deformation and stress and anintroduction to constitutive equations for differentmaterials. Solution of boundary value problems forelastic solids and viscous fluids. (3-1-0)Prerequisites: MATH 252 (or 253) and MATH 262 (orPHYS 120 with permission of the department).

MATH 380-3 History of MathematicsAn account of the history of mathematics fromancient times through the development of calculusand the origins of modern algebra in the nineteenthcentury. Emphasis will be on developments whichshaped the mathematics studied in high school andthe first two years of university. (3-1-0) Prerequisites:MATH 151, 232 and one of 152 or 113. Studentswho have taken MATH 180 may not take MATH 380for additional credit.

MATH 398-3 Selected Topics in MathematicsTopics in areas of mathematics and statistics notcovered in the regular undergraduate curriculum ofthe department. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: dependent onthe topic covered.

MATH 408-3 Discrete OptimizationModelling techniques, integer programming, networkflows, dynamic programming, and combinatorialmax-min relations. Computational aspect of thepreceding. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: MATH 308 and 343.(MATH 343 may be taken concurrently.)

MATH 415-3 Ordinary Differential EquationsExistence and uniqueness theorems, Green’sfunctions for second order equations, planeautonomous systems, stability, expansions aboutordinary and singular points. (3-0-0) Prerequisites:MATH 310; 314 and 322 are recommended.

MATH 416-3 Numerical Analysis IIThe numerical solution of ordinary differentialequations and elliptic, hyperbolic and parabolicpartial differential equations will be considered.(3-0-0) Prerequisites: MATH 310 (or 352) and MACM316.

MATH 418-3 Partial Differential EquationsFirst-order equations, the wave equations,characteristics, Riemann’s method, Laplace’sequation, Green’s and Neumann’s functions, Poissonformula. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH 314 (or PHYS384) or permission of the department. MATH 313 isrecommended.

MATH 419-3 Linear AnalysisConvergence in Euclidean spaces, Fourier seriesand their convergence, Legendre polynomials,Hermite and Laguerre polynomials. (3-0-0)Prerequisites: MATH 232, 251 and 310. MATH 314and 320 are recommended.

MATH 424-3 Applications of Complex AnalysisConformal mapping, application to boundary valueproblems, Schwarz-Christoffel transformation,integral formulas, analytic continuation, argumentprinciple. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH 322.

MATH 425-3 Introduction to Metric SpacesMetric spaces, convergence in metric spaces,continuity, compactness, connectedness andcompleteness, contraction mapping principle, andother useful theorems. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH320.

MATH 426-3 Introduction to Lebesgue TheoryAn introduction to the Lebesgue integral and some ofits applications. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH 320.

MATH 436-0 Job Practicum IIIThis is the third semester of work experience in aCo-operative Education program available toMathematics students. Prerequisites: MATH 337 andpermission of the Co-op Co-ordinator; students mustapply at least one semester in advance. This coursewill be graded on a pass/withdraw basis. A coursefee is required.

257Undergraduate Courses – Nuclear Science, Philosophy

MATH 437-0 Job Practicum IVThis is the fourth semester of work experience in aCo-operative Education program available toMathematics students. Prerequisites: MATH 436 andpermission of the Co-op Co-ordinator; students mustapply at least one semester in advance. This coursewill be graded on a pass/withdraw basis. A coursefee is required.

MATH 438-3 Linear AlgebraLinear Algebra. Vector space and matrix theory.(3-1-0) Prerequisite: MATH 332 or 339 or permissionof the instructor.

MATH 439-3 Algebraic SystemsAlgebraic systems including, for example, groups,rings. Polynomial theory. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH332.

MATH 440-3 Galois TheoryAn introduction to the theory of fields, with emphasison Galois theory. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH 332.

MATH 443-3 Combinatorial TheoryDesign theory: Steiner triple systems, balancedincomplete block designs, latin squares, finitegeometries. Enumeration: generating functions.Burnside’s Lemma, Polya counting. (3-0-0)Prerequisites: MATH 232; MATH 243 or MACM 201.

MATH 444-3 TopologyDevelopment of elementary theory of topologicalspaces. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH 425, orpermission of the department.

MATH 445-3 Introduction to Graph TheoryConnectivity, Eulerian graphs, Hamiltonian graphs,planar graphs, matchings, vertex coloring, andapplications of graphs. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH243 or MACM 201.

MATH 447-4 Coding TheoryAn introduction to the theory and practice of error-correcting codes. Topics will include finite fields,polynomial rings, linear and non-linear codes, BCHcodes, convolutional codes, majority logic decoding,weight distribution of codes, and bounds on the sizeof codes. (4-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH 232; MATH332 is recommended.

MATH 451-3 Mathematical LogicIntroduction to the theory of formal systems and tothe theory of recursion. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: fifth levelstanding preferably with some Mathematics coursesat the 400 division.

MATH 452-3 Set TheoryIntroduction to Zermelo Fraenkel set theory. (3-0-0)Prerequisite: MATH 242.

MATH 462-3 Fluid DynamicsIncompresible fluid flow phenomena: kinematics andequations of motion, viscous flow and boundary layertheory, potential flow, water waves. Aerodynamics.(3-0-0) Prerequisite: MATH 314 or PHYS 384, MATH322.

MATH 466-3 Tensor AnalysisTensors, Riemannian space, applications to classicaldynamics, hydrodynamics and elasticity. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: MATH 252. MATH 313 isrecommended.

MATH 467-3 VibrationsVibrations of discrete systems with many degrees offreedom; matrix methods. Non-linear vibrations; thephase plane; singular points and limit cycles.Perturbation methods; singular perturbationexpansions. (3-0-0) Prerequisites: MATH 232 and310. MATH 263 (or PHYS 211) and MATH 314 arerecommended.

MATH 470-3 Variational CalculusProcedures of Euler, Lagrange and Hamilton.Extremum problems, stationary values of integrals.Canonical equations of motion, phase space,Lagrangian and Poisson brackets. (3-1-0)Prerequisites: MATH 310 and either MATH 262 orPHYS 211. MATH 313 or PHYS 384 should precedeor be taken concurrently.

MATH 471-3 Special RelativitySpace-time continuum, separation between events.Lorentz transformation. Mechanics of discretesystem and of continuum. Electromagnetic field invacuo. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: MATH 313 or PHYS 384.

MATH 486-0 Job Practicum VThis is an optional fifth semester of work experiencein the Co-operative Education program available toMathematics and Statistics students. Prerequisites:MATH 437 and permission of the Co-op Co-ordinator. Students must apply at least one semesterin advance.

MATH 491-2 Honors EssaySelected topics. Prerequisite: written permission ofthe Department Undergraduate Studies Committee.

MATH 492-4, 493-4, 494-4, 497-3 Directed StudiesIndependent reading or research in topics selected inconsultation with the supervising instructor.Prerequisite: written permission of the DepartmentUndergraduate Studies Committee.

MATH 495-4, 496-4, 498-3 Selected Topics inMathematicsThe topics included in these courses will vary fromsemester to semester depending on facultyavailability and student interest. (4-1-0), (4-1-0),(3-1-0) Prerequisites: will be specified according tothe particular topic or topics offered under thesecourse numbers.

Nuclear ScienceFaculty of ScienceRequirements for the Nuclear Science MinorProgram are listed in the Department of Chemistry.

See also courses listed under Chemistry (CHEM)and Physics (PHYS).

NUSC 341-3 Introduction to RadiochemistryBrief description of the nucleus and its decays andreactions; interaction of radiation with matter; nuclearinstrumentation; radioisotopes in chemistry;activation analysis and related analytical techniques;other applications of nuclear techniques; nuclearreactors and nuclear fusion. (3-1-0) Prerequisite:completion of 60 credit hours in a science program,including first year calculus, chemistry and physics.

NUSC 342-3 Introduction to Nuclear ScienceReview of nuclear properties and systematics.Properties of the nuclear force; shell model andstructure of complex nuclei, nuclear decay viaparticle emission and spontaneous fission;experimental description of nuclear reactions;nucleon-nucleus and heavy ion reactions. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: NUSC 341 or permission of thedepartment. MATH 251 is recommended.

NUSC 344-3 Nucleosynthesis and Distribution ofthe ElementsFormation and distribution of the chemical elementsin the early universe, in present stellar environmentsand in the solar system; elemental abundances andisotopic ratios; and radiometric chronologytechniques. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: completion of 60credit hours in a science program, including first yearcalculus, chemistry and physics.

NUSC 346-2 Radiochemistry LaboratoryIntroduction to the techniques of radiochemistry;proportional and Geiger counters; samplepreparations and half-life measurement; synthesisand separation of labelled compounds; beta andgamma-ray spectroscopy. (0-0-4) Prerequisite:NUSC 341.

NUSC 444-3 Special Topics in Nuclear ScienceAdvanced topics in nuclear science. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: NUSC 342 or 442, or permission of thedepartment.

NUSC 485-3 Particle PhysicsPhysics of elementary particles. Symmetries, strong

interactions, electromagnetic interactions, weakinteraction. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: PHYS 385 or CHEM361 or permission of the department.

PhilosophyFaculty of ArtsPHIL 001-3 Critical ThinkingAn introduction to the evaluation of arguments asthey are encountered in everyday life. The centralaim will be to sharpen skills of reasoning andargumentation by understanding how argumentswork and learning to distinguish those which actuallyprove what they set out to show from those which donot. (Lecture/Tutorial) Open to all students.

PHIL 100-3 Knowledge and RealityAn introduction to some of the central problems ofphilosophy. Topics to be discussed include thedifferent theories of reality; the nature and sources ofknowledge, truth, evidence, and reason; thejustification of belief and knowledge about theuniverse. These topics and problems will beconsidered as they arise in the context of issuessuch as: relativism versus absolutism; the existenceof God; personal identity; the nature of the mind andits relation to the body; free-will and determinism; thepossibility of moral knowledge. (Lecture/Tutorial)Open to all students.

PHIL 110-3 Introduction to Logic and ReasoningThe aim of this course is to familiarize students withfundamental techniques of correct reasoning. Specialattention is given to the methods of logic in particular,and to their role in the discovery of truth not onlywithin science and philosophy but within all forms ofrational enquiry. (Lecture/Tutorial) Open to allstudents.

PHIL 120-3 Introduction to Moral PhilosophyAn introduction to the central problems of ethics: forexample, the nature of right and wrong, theobjectivity or subjectivity of moral judgments, therelativity or absolutism of values, the nature ofhuman freedom and responsibility. The course willalso consider general moral views such asutilitarianism, theories or rights and specificobligations, and the ethics of virtue. These theorieswill be applied to particular moral problems such asabortion, punishment, distributive justice, freedom ofspeech, and racial and sexual equality. Sometimesthe course will also focus on important historicalfigures such as Plato, Aristotle, Kant and Mill.(Lecture/Tutorial) Open to all students.

PHIL 150-3 History of Philosophy IA survey of philosophic thought from late antiquity tothe Renaissance. Special attention will be given tothe works of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, St.Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas and Galileo. Theviews of these great thinkers have helped to shapethe ways in which we see the world. This course istherefore recommended to everyone with an interestin our intellectual heritage. (Lecture) Open to allstudents.

PHIL 151-3 History of Philosophy IIA survey of philosophic thought from theRenaissance to the 20th Century. Special attentionwill be given to the works of Descartes, Leibniz,Spinoza, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Kant, Hegel andMill. The views of these great thinkers have helped toshape the ways in which we see the world. Thiscourse is therefore recommended to everyone withan interest in our intellectual heritage. (Lecture) Opento all students.

PHIL 203-3 MetaphysicsAn examination of central problems of metaphysicssuch as space and time, universals and particulars,substance, identity and individuation and personalidentity. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: one of PHIL100, 150 , 151.

258 Undergraduate Courses – Philosophy

PHIL 210-4 Natural Deductive LogicThis course studies a natural deductive system ofpropositional and quantificational logic, the first-ordertheory of identity and the first-order theory ofrelations. Topics include the metatheory ofpropositional logic and the application of formaltheory to the assessment of natural languagearguments. (Lecture/Tutorial)

PHIL 214-3 Axiomatic LogicThis course studies the metatheory of axiomaticpropositional and quantificational logic. Topicsinclude proof theory, the metatheory of propositionallogic, the proof theory of first-order logic, first-ordermodels, soundness and completeness.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: one of PHIL 210,MACM 101, MATH 144, CMPT 205.

PHIL 220-3 Introduction to Social and PoliticalPhilosophyAn introduction to central problems of political andsocial philosophy: for example, the basis of politicalobligation, the proper limits of state power, theappropriate scope of individual liberty, and the natureof social justice. Sometimes the course will focus onthe views of historically important politicalphilosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes, Locke,Rousseau, Burke, Bentham, Mill and Marx.(Lecture/Tutorial)

PHIL 231-3 Selected TopicsA specific topic, philosopher or philosophical work tobe dealt with as occasion and demand warrant.(Lecture/Tutorial)

PHIL 232-3 Selected TopicsA specific topic, philosopher or philosophical work tobe dealt with as occasion and demand warrant.(Lecture/Tutorial)

PHIL 240-3 Philosophy of ReligionA critical analysis of classic and contemporaryarguments concerning the rationality of belief in God,and related issues. (Lecture/Tutorial)

PHIL 241-3 Philosophy in LiteraturePhilosophical themes in the writings of such authorsas Voltaire, Turgenev, Dostoevski, Sartre, Camus,Conrad and Golding. (Lecture/Tutorial)

PHIL 242-3 Philosophy of ArtAn examination of issues concerning the nature ofworks of art. The course will include a considerationof rival theories of art such as: art as expression, artas representation, and art as significant form.Theories of aesthetic criticism will be studied inrelation to taste, personal experience, and truth.(Lecture/Tutorial)

PHIL 244-3 Introduction to the Philosophy ofNatural and Social ScienceAn introduction to philosophical issues concerningthe nature of science. Topics to be discussed includethe distinction between science and pseudo-science,the nature of scientific method, the nature ofexplanation in the natural and social sciences, thephenomenon of scientific change, the relationshipbetween scientific theory and observation, and theobjectivity of social science. (Lecture/Tutorial)

PHIL 280-3 Introduction to ExistentialismA study of existentialist philosophers such asKierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Sartre, andCamus and a survey of precursors such as Kant andHegel. (Lecture/Tutorial)

PHIL 300-3 Introduction to PhilosophyAn introductory course specifically intended forstudents in other departments who have at least 60semester hours credit. This course is more advancedthan 100 and 200 division courses and is of interestto students not only in the humanities, but also in thenatural and social sciences. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: at least 60 semester hours credit.Normally, students with credit for PHIL 100 may nottake this course for further credit. This course doesnot count towards the upper division requirements for

a student pursuing a minor, major, or honorsprogram in Philosophy.

PHIL 301-3 EpistemologyAn examination of central theories of knowledgesuch as realism, idealism, pragmatism,phenomenalism, rationalism, empiricism, and causaltheories of knowledge. Other topics to be discussedmay include, for example, the Gettier problem,scepticism, the nature of belief, reason, andsensation, the problem of induction, andfoundationalism. (Seminar) Prerequisites: one ofPHIL 100, 150, 151; PHIL 203.

PHIL 310-3 Modal Logic and its Applications(Seminar) Recommended: PHIL 210, 214, or anotherwise suitable background.

PHIL 314-3 Topics in Logic IAn examination of one or more topics such as:philosophical logic; deontic logic; the logic ofknowledge and belief; the logic of preference; tenselogics; foundations of set theory; recursive functions;the history of logic. (Seminar) Recommended: PHIL210, 214, or an otherwise suitable background.

PHIL 320-3 Social and Political PhilosophyAn examination of an issue or selection of issues insocial and political philosophy. Contemporary orhistorical readings or a mixture of these will be used.Possible topics include: justice, the law and legalsystems, sovereignty, power and authority,democracy, liberty and equality. Sometimes thecourse will focus on the views of historicallyimportant political philosophers, such as Plato,Aristotle, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Burke,Bentham, Mill and Marx. (Seminar) Prerequisite:PHIL 120 or 220.

PHIL 321-3 Moral Issues and TheoriesAn advanced investigation of central issues andtheories in moral philosophy. In any given term, thecourse may focus on a general theory or concept orconcern, for example meta-ethics, utilitarianism, ortheories of rights. Sometimes it will focus on aparticular problem or problems, such as medicalethics, moral personhood, or free will and moralresponsibility. (Seminar) Prerequisite: PHIL 120.

PHIL 325-3 Philosophy of Art IIAn advanced study of various topics in aesthetics.Possible topics include: formalism andexpressionism in the arts, the nature of aestheticjudgment and criticism, meaning and truth in the arts,art and society, and creativity. (Seminar)Prerequisite: PHIL 242 or six hours of philosophy.

PHIL 331-3 Selected TopicsA specific topic, philosopher or philosophical work tobe dealt with as occasion and demand warrant.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: as stated bydepartment at time of offering.

PHIL 332-3 Selected Topics(Lecture) Prerequisite: as stated by department attime of offering.

PHIL 332-3 Selected Topics(Lecture) Prerequisite: as stated by department attime of offering.

PHIL 340-3 Philosophical MethodsAn examination of various techniques whichphilosophers use to define, discover and deal withconceptual problems. (Seminar) Prerequisites: PHIL100 or 110; PHIL 203.

PHIL 341-3 Philosophy of ScienceA study of the nature of scientific enquiry,classificatory systems, laws and theories, the role ofobservation in science, the demarcation betweenscience and non-science, causality, the status oftheoretical constructs, and teleological explanation.(Seminar) Prerequisites: PHIL 100 and 203, orCOGS 200; PHIL 210 or 214.

PHIL 343-3 Philosophy of MindA study of theories of the mind, consciousness, andhuman action. (Seminar) Prerequisites: PHIL 100and 203, or COGS 200.

PHIL 344-3 Philosophy of Language IAn introduction to the major philosophic theories oflanguage. Topics to be considered include therelationship between language and mind, languageand the world, language and society. (Seminar)Prerequisites: PHIL 100 and 203, or COGS 200.

PHIL 350-3 Ancient Philosophy(Seminar) Prerequisite: PHIL 100 or 150.

PHIL 353-3 Locke and Berkeley(Seminar) Prerequisite: PHIL 100 or 151.

PHIL 354-3 Descartes and Rationalism(Seminar) Prerequisite: PHIL 100 or 151.

PHIL 355-3 Hume and Empiricism(Seminar) Prerequisite: PHIL 100 or 151.

PHIL 360-4 Seminar I(Seminar) Prerequisite: as stated by department attime of offering.

PHIL 421-4 Ethical TheoriesA highly focussed, advanced examination of aselection of topics in normative or meta-ethics.(Seminar) Prerequisite: one of PHIL 120, 320, or321.

PHIL 435-4 Selected TopicsA specific topic, philosopher or philosophical work tobe dealt with as occasion and demand warrant.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: two 300 levelPhilosophy courses.

PHIL 444-4 Philosophy of Language IIAdvanced topics in recent work in philosophy oflanguage, such as meaning, reference, speech acts,and language and thought. (Seminar) Prerequisite:PHIL 210 or 214.

PHIL 451-4 Kant(Seminar) Prerequisite: at least one of PHIL 353,354, 355.

PHIL 452-4 Nineteenth Century EuropeanPhilosophyAn examination of one or more major philosophersfrom the European tradition, such as Hegel,Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, Comte, Fichte, Schelling,and Kierkegaard. (Seminar) Prerequisites: at leasttwo of PHIL 353, 354, 355, 451.

PHIL 453-4 Background to Analytical PhilosophyThe development of philosophical thought in the late19th and early 20th Centuries. Selections from thewritings of F.H. Bradley, G. Frege, B. Russell, andthe early Wittgenstein. (Seminar) Prerequisites: two300 level Philosophy courses.

PHIL 455-4 Contemporary Issues in Epistemologyand Metaphysics(Seminar) Prerequisites: two 300 level Philosophycourses.

PHIL 456-4 Twentieth Century EuropeanPhilosophyA study of a representative figure or figures frommajor movements of contemporary continentalphilosophy. (Seminar) Prerequisites: at least two ofPHIL 353, 354, 355, 451, 452.

PHIL 467-4 Seminar II(Seminar) Prerequisites: two 300 level Philosophycourses.

Honors TutorialsThe following courses are open only to honorsstudents.

PHIL 477-5 Honors Tutorial I (Seminar)PHIL 477 is a requisite for all honors students, andmust be taken in one of the last two semesters of thestudent’s Philosophy program. It must be takenconcurrently with or prior to PHIL 478. At least 8weeks prior to the semester in which they wish toenrol in PHIL 477, honors students should obtaindepartmental approval of a proposed syllabus andarrange for faculty supervision of the course.

PHIL 478-5 Honors Tutorial II (Seminar)PHIL 478 is a requisite for all honors students, and

259Undergraduate Courses – Physics

must be taken in one of the last two semesters of thestudent’s Philosophy program. It must be takenconcurrently with or consecutively to PHIL 477. Atleast eight weeks prior to the semester in which theywish to enrol in PHIL 478, honors students shouldobtain departmental approval of a proposed syllabusand arrange for faculty supervision of the course.

PhysicsFaculty of ScienceSee also courses listed under Nuclear Science(NUSC).

For courses marked with † individual assistance isavailable to students in designated locations.

Minimum Grade RequirementStudents wishing to register for Physics coursesmust have obtained a grade of C- or better inprerequisite courses.

PHYS 100-3 Introduction to PhysicsA course for students with relatively weakbackgrounds in physics. Kinematics and dynamics;waves; optics; electricity and magnetism. (3-0-1†)Prerequisite: BC high school Algebra 12 (orequivalent) or MATH 100 (may be takenconcurrently). Students who have obtained a gradeof C+ or better in BC high school Physics 12 (or itsequivalent) within the previous three years or whohave taken any further physics course normally maynot take PHYS 100 for credit.

PHYS 101-3 General Physics IA general survey course for life science students.Kinematics and dynamics, including rotationalmotion; fluids, properties of matter and thermalphysics. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: BC high schoolPhysics 12 or PHYS 100. Corequisite: MATH 151,154 or 157 must precede or be taken concurrently.Students with credit for PHYS 120 may not takePHYS 101 for further credit.

PHYS 102-3 General Physics IIA general survey course for life science students.Waves and optics; electricity ad magnetism; modernphysics emphasizing radioactivity. (3-0-1†)Prerequisite: PHYS 101. Recommended corequisite:MATH152, 155 or 158 should precede or be takenconcurrently. Students are encouraged to take PHYS130 at the same time as PHYS 102. Students withcredit for PHYS 121 may not take PHYS 102 forfurther credit.

PHYS 120-3 Modern Physics and MechanicsA general survey course for students in the physicalsciences. A survey of physical phenomena fromquarks to galaxies, statics and dynamics, specialrelativity, rotational motion, elementary quantumideas. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: BC high school Physics12 or PHYS 100. Corequisite: MATH 151 or 154must precede or be taken concurrently. Students withcredit for PHYS 101 may not take PHYS 120 forfurther credit.

PHYS 121-3 Optics, Electricity and MagnetismA general survey course for students in the physicalsciences. Light, geometrical optics, electricity, simplecircuits, magnetism, applied physics. (3-0-1†)Prerequisite: PHYS 120 (or PHYS 101 with a gradeof A or B). Corequisite: MATH 152 or 155 mustprecede or be taken concurrently. Students withcredit for PHYS 102 may not take PHYS 121 forfurther credit.

PHYS 130-2 General Physics Laboratory AElementary experiments in optics, electricity,mechanics and heat that are designed to augmentthe general survey course. (0-0-4) Prerequisite:PHYS 102 should be taken concurrently or mayprecede; or by permission of the department. Studentmay not count more than one PHYS 130 or 131 forcredit.

PHYS 131-2 General Physics Laboratory BElementary experiments in optics, electricity, andmechanics that are designed to augment the generalsurvey courses. (0-0-4) Corequisite: PHYS 121should be taken concurrently or may precede; or bypermission of the department. Students may notcount more than one of PHYS 130 or 131 for credit.

PHYS 181-3 Introduction to Physical Science inArchaeologyA course in basic physical ideas and how they areapplied in archaeology. Topics included are: thestructure of matter, radioactive decay,electromagnetic radiation and magnetism, and howthey are used in radiocarbon dating,thermoluminescence dating, magnetic dating, x-rayfluorescence analysis and magnetometer surveying.(3-1-0) Prerequisites: BC high school Algebra 12 (orequivalent) and Physics 11.

PHYS 190-3 Introduction to AstronomyHistorical astronomy, telescopes, the sun and thesolar system, stellar evolution, galaxies, cosmology.(3-1-0)

PHYS 197-3 Periphysical Topics IISelected topics from sciences closely allied withphysics. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: BC high schoolPhysics 11 or equivalent, and Algebra 12 (orequivalent).

PHYS 211-3 Intermediate MechanicsAn intermediate mechanics course coveringkinematics, dynamics, energy, momentum, free,forced and damped oscillations, rigid body motion,gravitation. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS 121; orPHYS 101 and PHYS 102 with a grade of B or better.Corequisite: MATH 251 must precede or be takenconcurrently. Students may not count both PHYS211 and MATH 263 for credit.

PHYS 221-3 Intermediate Electricity andMagnetismElectrostatics, magnetostatics, capacitance,inductance, DC and AC circuits, concepts of electricand magnetic fields, Maxwell’s equations. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: PHYS 121 or 102. Corequisite: MATH251. MATH 252 is a recommended corequisite.

PHYS 233-2 Introductory Physics Laboratory AExperiments chosen from among mechanics, heat,optics, electricity, magnetism, properties of matter,atomic and nuclear physics. Engineering Sciencestudents will do a selected set of experiments. (0-0-3) Prerequisite: PHYS 131 or 130.

PHYS 234-3 Introductory Physics Laboratory BIroductory physics laboratory with experimentschosen from mechanics, heat, optics, electricity,magnetism, properties of matter, atomic and nuclearphysics, along with lectures on the use of computersfor data acquisition and data analysis in the physicslaboratory. (1-0-3) Prerequisite: PHYS 233 orpermission of the instructor.

PHYS 244-3 Thermal PhysicsHeat, temperature, heat transfer, kinetic theory, lawsof thermodynamics, entropy, heat engines,applications of thermodynamics to special systems,phase transitions. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS 121and MATH 251.

PHYS 324-3 ElectromagneticsElectromagnetics, magnetostatics, electromagneticwaves, transmission lines, waveguides, antennasand radiating systems. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS221, MATH 252. Students who have obtained creditfor PHYS 325 before the 93-1 semester may not takePHYS 324 for further credit.

PHYS 325-3 Relativity and ElectromagnetismGalilean relativity, Lorentz transformation, specialrelativity, relativistic mechanics, tests of relativity,covariance; field transformations electromagnetism,general relativity. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS 211,221, MATH 252.

PHYS 326-3 Electronics and InstrumentationCircuits and circuit theory, passive and activedevices, amplifiers, feedback, modern measurementtechniques and instrumentation. (3-1-0) Prerequisite:PHYS 221. Corequisites: PHYS 331 laboratory mustbe taken concurrently.

PHYS 331-3 Electronics LaboratoryExperiments in electronics, including AC circuits,filters, resonance, diodes, transistors, amplifiers,feedback, oscillators, operational amplifiers,integrated circuits, analogue circuits, digital circuits.(0-0-4) Prerequisite: PHYS 234. Corequisite: PHYS326 must be taken concurrently.

PHYS 332-3 Intermediate LaboratoryExperiments in optics and modern physics, includingdiffraction, interference, spectroscopy, lasers andholography. Engineering Science students will do aselected set of experiments. (0-0-4) Prerequisites:PHYS 233 or 234. PHYS 355 must precede or betaken concurrently.

PHYS 335-0 Practicum IThis is the first semester of work experience in a co-operative education program available to studentswho are studying physics or related areas, such asbiophysics, chemical physics or mathematicalphysics. Prerequisite: completion of 30 hours credit,with a minimum GPA of 2.75 in the Physics program.Students should apply to the department at least onesemester in advance. A course fee is required. Thiscourse is evaluated on a P/W basis.

PHYS 336-0 Practicum IIThis is the second semester of work experience in aco-operative education program available to studentswho are studying physics or related areas, such asbiophysics, chemical physics or mathematicalphysics. Prerequisites: PHYS 335 followed by 12hours of credit. A minimum cumulative GPA of 2.75.Students should apply to the department at least onesemester in advance. A course fee is required. Thiscourse is evaluated on a P/W basis.

PHYS 345-3 Statistical PhysicsPostulates of statistical mechanics, partitionfunctions, applications to gases, paramagnetism andequilibrium. Quantum statistics and applications.(3-1-0) Prerequisite: PHYS 244 or CHEM 261. PHYS385 is a recommended prerequisite.

PHYS 346-3 Energy and the EnvironmentThe physical principles and limitations of renewableenergy source utilization and energy conversion. Aquantitative introduction to energy conversion andstorage systems, including solar power and heating;wind, tidal, geothermal, hydroelectric and nuclearpower, hydrogen technology, electrical andmechanical energy storage. (3-1-0) Prerequisite:CHEM 103, PHYS 102 (or 121), MATH 155 (or 152).

PHYS 355-3 OpticsGeometrical and physical optics, interference,diffraction, polarization, coherence, spectra, opticalinstruments. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS 221 andMATH 252.

PHYS 365-3 Semiconductor Device PhysicsStructure and properties of semiconductors,semiconductor theory, theory and operation ofsemiconductor devices, semiconductor devicetechnology. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: PHYS 221.

PHYS 384-3 Methods of Theoretical Physics IApplications of mathematical methods in physics,differential equations of physics, eigen-valueproblems. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS 211 (orMATH 263), PHYS 221, MATH 252, MATH 310.

PHYS 385-3 Quantum PhysicsOrigins of quantum theory, atomic models, wavesand particles, Schroedinger equation, free and boundstates, the hydrogen atom, atomic structure andspectra. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS 211 (or MATH263), PHYS 221, MATH 252. MATH 310 mustprecede or be taken concurrently.

260 Undergraduate Courses – Political Science

PHYS 390-3 Introduction to AstrophysicsCharacteristics of stars and their evolution,thermodynamics of stellar interior, origin of theelements, galaxies, cosmology, origin of the planets.(3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS 211 and either CHEM103 or 105.

PHYS 395-3 Computational PhysicsComputer based approaches to the solution ofcomplex physical problems. A partial list of topicsincludes: Monte-Carlo and molecular dynamicstechniques applied to thermal properties of materials;dynamical behaviour of conservative and dissipativesystems, including chaotic motion; methods forground state determination and optimization,including Newton-Raphson, simulated annealing,neural nets, and genetic algorithms; the analysis ofnumerical data; and the use of relevant numericallibraries. Prerequisites: MATH 310, PHYS 211,MACM 316, CMPT 101 or 102. PHYS 244 orequivalent is recommended.

PHYS 413-3 Advanced MechanicsCentral forces, rigid body motion, small oscillations.Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations ofmechanics. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS 384 orPHYS 221, MATH 252, 310, 322 and either PHYS211 or MATH 263 or permission of the department.

PHYS 415-3 Quantum MechanicsFoundations of quantum mechanics, Schroedingerequation, perturbation theory, angular momentum,applications. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: PHYS 385 orCHEM 361 and either PHYS 384 or MATH 314 andMATH 419.

PHYS 425-3 Electromagnetic TheoryElectrostatics and boundary value problems,magnetic fields, Maxwell’s equations, radiation andpropagation of electromagnetic waves. (3-1-0)Prerequisites: PHYS 325 and either PHYS 384 orMATH 314.

PHYS 430-5 Digital Electronics and InterfacingDigital logic design with particular apparatus.Construction and use of interface devices for variouslaboratory experiments. Computer data reduction.(2-0-4) Prerequisites: PHYS 326 and 331; orpermission of the instructor.

PHYS 431-4 Advanced Physics Laboratory IAdvanced experiments in Physics. May includespecial projects. (0-0-6) Prerequisites: PHYS 331and 385; PHYS 332 is recommended.

PHYS 432-5 Undergraduate Honors ThesisUndergraduate research and preparation of anhonors thesis. The research project may be inexperimental or theoretical physics. Prospectivestudents must obtain agreement of a faculty memberwilling to supervise the project, and submit theproject to the Physics Department for approval atleast two months prior to registering for the course.The research must be done during the semester inwhich the student is registered for the course, andmay not be part of a co-op practicum. The course willbe graded on the basis of the honors thesis, whichmust be submitted before the end of the semester.(0-0-10) Prerequisites: all students interested intaking this course must consult with their facultysupervisor regarding prerequisites; normally requiresPHYS 431.

PHYS 435-0 Practicum IIIThis is the third semester of work experience in a co-operative education program available to studentswho are studying physics or related areas, such asbiophysics, chemical physics or mathematicalphysics. Prerequisites: PHYS 336 and 60 hours ofcredit with a minimum cumulative GPA of 2.75.Students should apply to the department at least onesemester in advance. A course fee is required. Thiscourse is evaluated on a P/W basis.

PHYS 436-0 Practicum IVThis is the fourth semester of work experience in a

co-operative education program available to studentswho are studying physics or related areas, such asbiophysics, chemical physics or mathematicalphysics. Prerequisites: PHYS 435 followed by 12hours of credit. A minimum cumulative GPA of 2.75.Students should apply to the department at least onesemester in advance. A course fee is required. Thiscourse is evaluated on a P/W basis.

PHYS 437-0 Practicum VThis is an optional fifth semester of work experiencein a co-operative education program available tostudents who are studying physics or related areassuch as biophysics, chemical physics ormathematical physics. Prerequisites: PHYS 436 anda minimum cumulative GPA of 2.75. Students shouldapply to the department at least one semester inadvance. A course fee is required. This course isevaluated on a pass/withdrawal basis.

PHYS 455-3 Applied OpticsInteraction between light and matter, populationinversion, stimulated emission, optical resonators,temporal and spatial coherence, gain and poweroutput of laser oscillators. Selected topics in appliedoptics such as crystal optics, light modulation, fibreoptics, non-linear optics and opto-electronic devicesand components. Applications of lasers. (3-1-0)Prerequisites: PHYS 355 and 385.

PHYS 465-3 Solid State PhysicsCrystal structure, lattice vibrations and thermalproperties of solids, free electron model, band theory,applications. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: PHYS 385 orCHEM 361.

PHYS 484-3 Nonlinear PhysicsNonlinear mechanics, nonlinear lattice dynamics,competition phenomena, applications in optics andchemistry, forced oscillations, chaos. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: PHYS 384 or permission of thedepartment.

PHYS 492-2 Special Topics in PhysicsStudies in areas not included within theundergraduate course offerings of the PhysicsDepartment. (2-0-0) Prerequisite: permission of thedepartment.

PHYS 493-3 Special Topics in PhysicsStudies in areas not included within theundergraduate course offerings of the PhysicsDepartment. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: permission of thedepartment.

Political ScienceFaculty of ArtsPOL 100-3 Introduction to Politics andGovernmentA comprehensive introduction to the study of politicsand government for both Political Science majorsand students specializing in other disciplines. Thecourse will explore the major concepts, methods,approaches and issues in Political Science, as wellas the primary components of government structureand the political process. (Lecture/Tutorial)

POL 151-3 The Administration of JusticeThe development of laws and their application to thecitizen and social groups. Special consideration willbe given to civil liberties. (Lecture/Tutorial)

POL 201-3 Research Methods in Political ScienceAn introduction to quantitative research techniques inPolitical Science. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:POL 100 or 151. Students with credit for POL 213 orSA 255 may not take POL 201 for further credit.

POL 210-3 Introduction to Political PhilosophyAn examination of concepts presented by the majorpolitical thinkers of the western world. The coursesurveys those ideas which remain at the root of ourpolitical institutions, practices and ideals against abackground of the periods in which they wereexpressed. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: POL 100.

Students with credit for POL 111 may not take thiscourse for further credit.

POL 221-3 Introduction to Canadian GovernmentAn introduction to the institutional order and politicalstructure of the Canadian state. The course willinclude topics such as the constitution, parliament,cabinet, judiciary, public service and federal-provincial relations. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:POL 100 or 151.

POL 222-3 Introduction to Canadian PoliticsAn introduction to the social and participatory basisof Canadian politics, covering topics such as politicalculture, regionalism and other political divisions,political parties, elections, interest groups and newsocial movements. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:POL 100 or 151.

POL 231-3 Introduction to ComparativeGovernment and PoliticsAn introduction to political processes and structuresin comparative perspective. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: POL 100. Students with credit for POL131 may not take this course for further credit.

POL 241-3 Introduction to International PoliticsTheory and practice of international politics,diplomacy, hot war, cold war, alliances and the roleof leaders. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: POL 100.

POL 251-3 Introduction to Canadian PublicAdministrationAn introduction to the basic elements of publicadministration in the Government of Canada,including the organization of the public service,planning and financial administration, personneladministration, collective bargaining andadministrative regulation. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: POL 100 or 151.

POL 252-3 Introduction to Local and UrbanGovernment and PoliticsThe political process in the urban municipality from acomparative perspective. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: POL 100 or 151. Students with creditfor POL 152 may not take this course for furthercredit.

POL 311-3 History of Political Thought IPolitical thought from Plato to Rousseau. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 210 or 211 or PHIL 220.

POL 312-3 History of Political Thought IIPolitical thought from the French revolution to theChinese revolution. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 210or 211 or PHIL 220.

POL 313-3 Political IdeologiesA discussion of the major political ideologies whichprovide support for and legitimation for regimes andmovements in the contemporary world. Liberalism,Socialism, Communism, Fascism, Anarchism,Participatory Democracy, Third World ideologies,etc., are emphasized. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL210 or 211 or PHIL 220. Students who have creditfor POL 212 may not take this course for furthercredit.

POL 314-3 Theory and Explanation in PoliticalScienceA discussion of issues in the philosophy of the socialsciences which are relevant to the study of politicsand a critical evaluation of contemporary approachesto political inquiry, including empirical theory, rationalchoice theory and hermeneutics. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 201 (or 213).

POL 315-4 Quantitative Methods in PoliticalScienceAn examination of the principal methods of empiricalresearch in Political Science. This course isequivalent to SA 355. Prerequisite: STAT 203(formerly 103), or POL 201 or SA 255. Students whohave completed POL 315 may not take SA 355 forfurther credit.

POL 321-3 The Canadian Federal SystemDevelopment of the federal system including topics

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such as the division of powers, parties, federal-provincial relations and theories of federalism.(Seminar) Prerequisites: POL 221 and 222.

POL 322-3 Canadian Political PartiesDevelopment of the Canadian party system. Partyideologies, organization, campaigns and elections.(Seminar) Prerequisites: POL 221 and 222.

POL 323-3 Provincial Government and PoliticsAn examination of the historical development of theprovinces and the role they have played inConfederation. The course surveys the evolution ofprovincial economies, societies and governments inorder to understand the contemporary issues andproblems faced by Canada’s provincial states.(Seminar) Prerequisites: POL 221 and 222.

POL 324-3 The Canadian ConstitutionAn analysis of the Canadian constitution from atheoretical and comparative perspective.Amendment, entrenchment, civil rights. (Seminar)Prerequisites: POL 221 and 222.

POL 330-3 Government and Politics: WesternEuropeAn introduction to the political systems of WesternEurope. The analysis of patterns of politicaldevelopment, political culture, party systems, andpolitical processes will be highlighted. (Lecture)Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 332-3 Government and Politics: UnitedStatesAn examination of the American political system,including the presidency, the congress, the courts,the bureaucracy and the party system. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 333-3 Soviet and Post-Soviet PoliticalSystemsA comprehensive introduction to the evolution of theSoviet political system and the post-Soviet successorstates. Topics examined will include the factorsresponsible for the disintegration of the USSR, thestructure and dynamics of the Russian politicalsystem and the problems of post-communismthrough the Eurasian region. (Seminar) Prerequisite:POL 231.

POL 334-3 East European Political SystemsA comprehensive introduction to the politicalorganization and political dynamics of the EastEuropean states including an examination of thevarious contemporary issues and problems whichhave influenced the political development of thosecountries. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 335-3 Government and Politics: People’sRepublic of China IAn examination of the political development of Chinain modern times with special emphasis on politicalculture and its relationship to political institutions,political processes and political behavior. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 336-3 Government and Politics: People’sRepublic of China IIAn analysis of China’s current constitutionalstructure, modernization program, post-culturalrevolution period, and development in both domesticand international affairs. Emphasis will be placed onexplanations of political change and perspectives forfuture development. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL335.

POL 337-3 Government and Politics: SelectedLatin American Nations IAn examination of the political systems of selectedLatin American nations, including an analysis ofpolitical culture, political economy, politicalinstitutions, interest groups and both formal andinformal political processes. (Seminar) Prerequisite:POL 231.

POL 341-3 International Integration and RegionalAssociationTheories of integration, and the empirical analysis of

selected regional associations, historical andcontemporary. Imperialism, federation, association.(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 241.

POL 342-3 Relations Between Developed andDeveloping NationsProblems arising from the disparities in power andwealth between the highly industrialized countries ofEurope and North America, and the under-industrialized countries of Asia, Africa and LatinAmerica. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 241.

POL 343-3 Global Political EconomyAn introduction to the study of the internationalpolitical economy, with an emphasis on theinteraction between the state and markets, and thebasic political-institutional relationships of trade,money and finance, international investment, foreigndebt and foreign aid. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL241.

POL 344-3 Public International LawSovereignty, nationality, jurisdiction, arbitration.Examination of selected cases exemplifying presenttrends in the international legal order. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 241.

POL 345-3 The Nation-State and the MultinationalCorporationA study of relations between multinational enterpriseand national interests in developed and developingcountries. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 241.

POL 346-3 International OrganizationsAn examination of the structures and processes andthe main substantive decisions of the United Nationsand related international organizations. Based uponin-depth study of the UN Charter, the SecurityCouncil, General Assembly, Secretary-General andSecretariat and their constitutional and politicalinteractions since 1945, with special attention to thetheory and practice of international organizationadvanced by the principal Western countries, theSoviet Union and Soviet bloc, the People’s Republicof China and leading Third World countries.(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 241. Students who havecredit for POL 141 may not take this course forfurther credit.

POL 347-3 Introduction to Canadian ForeignPolicyAn overview of Canadian foreign policy post WorldWar II. Various perspectives are discussed includingrealism, economic nationalism, liberal-internationalism and political economy/dependencyanalysis. A variety of analytical perspectives areused to examine issue-areas such as foreign tradeincluding the role of NAFTA, defence policy andalliance relations,foreign investment, foreign aid,immigration policy, energy policy and the role ofdomestic political factors in foreign policy decision-making. (Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisites: POL 221 or222, and 241. This course may serve as a field B orD course for departmental requirements. Studentswith credit for POL 421 may not take this course forfurther credit.

POL 348-3 International Conflict ResolutionThe course concentrates on negotiation, preventivediplomacy, crisis management and conflicttermination. Methods of peaceful and coercivediplomatic resolution of international conflicts will beexplored, with emphasis on investigation of thevarious contributions that have been made by UnitedNations peacekeeping, peacemaking and peaceenforcement operations. Course simulation work,when used, will focus on problems of containing theproliferation of weapons of mass destruction.(Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 241. Studentswith credit for POL 442 may not take this course forfurther credit.

POL 351-3 The Public Policy ProcessCombines a practical analysis of the structures andprocesses surrounding contemporary policy issuesand a theoretical analysis of alternative approaches

to the study of public issues and a theoreticalanalysis of alternative approaches to the study ofpublic policy-making. (Lecture) Prerequisite: POL251.

POL 352-3 Canadian Local and UrbanGovernment and PoliticsA comparative study of local government inVancouver, Winnipeg and Toronto. The nonpartisantradition and interest groups. Relations with otherlevels of government. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL252. Students with credit for POL 351 may not takethis course for further credit.

POL 353-3 Public Administration (Public SectorManagement)A detailed analysis of administrative planning in thepublic sector, particularly as it relates to theCanadian government. The significance of financialmanagement and personnel management to theoverall planning will be emphasized. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 251. Students with credit for POL356 may not take this course for further credit.

POL 354-3 Comparative Metropolitan GovernanceA comparative analysis of regional metropolitangovernance in Canada and selected otherjurisdictions (such as the USA, UK, etc.). The courseinvolves an examination of major policy dilemmas inurban development, and of the local, regional andsenior intergovernmental relations within which muchof the public policy making in metropolitan settingstakes place. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 252.

POL 355-3 Governing InstrumentsExamines and compares the various means at thedisposal of government for implementing policyoptions, including regulation, the creation orprivatization of public enterprises, the delivery orcontracting out of services, taxation and taxexpenditures, and any other administrative orlegislative processes that governments in Canadaand/or in similar countries have used to manage theeconomy or effect social change. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 251. Students with credit for POL452 may not take this course for further credit.

POL 357-3 Public LawAn examination of cases and issues designed toacquaint students with main themes and conventionsof Public Law. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 151.

POL 381-3 Politics and Government of Japan IThe political system of Japan, including an analysisof political culture, political institutions, politicalbehavior and both formal and informal politicalprocesses. Emphasis will be placed on the pre-WorldWar II political development of Japan. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 382-3 Politics and Government of Japan IIThis course deals with the political system of Japan,including an analysis of political culture, politicalinstitutions, political behavior and both formal andinformal political processes. Emphasis will be placedon the post-war development of Japan as ademocratic polity. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 381.

POL 411-3 Normative Political TheoryAn examination of the major political norms whichhave oriented public conduct and provided thestandards for evaluating the quality of public life;liberty, justice, equality, participation, privacy, publicinterest, accountability, obedience, dissent andresistance. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 312 or 313(or 212) or PHIL 320.

POL 412-3 Marxist Political TheoryAn examination of various schools of nineteenth andtwentieth century Marxist political theory. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 312 or 313 (or 212) or PHIL 320.

POL 414-3 Theories of Political DevelopmentAn examination of theories of the social andeconomic forces which challenge the adequacy ofpolitical institutions and political skills. The ideas of B.Moore, Jr., Huntington, Apter, Friedrich and Gurr.(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 210.

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POL 415-3 The Liberal TraditionA critical examination of the development ofliberalism from classical liberalism (e.g. John Locke)to contemporary conflict between revisionist andneoclassical or libertarian currents. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 312 or 313 (or 212) or PHIL 320.

POL 416-3 Feminist Social and Political ThoughtThis course will examine the works of major feministthinkers and the problems of developing feministtheory. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 210.

POL 417-3 Human Rights TheoriesThis course introduces students to the problemsinvolved in the assertion of universal moral standardsacross political and cultural divides. These issues willbe explored at a theoretical level, and in the contextof specific human rights controversies. (Seminar)Prerequisites: POL 210 and 231. Recommended:PHIL 220 or 320.

POL 418-3 Selected Topics in Political Theory I(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 210.

POL 419-3 Selected Topics in Political Theory II(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 210.

POL 422-3 Canadian International SecurityRelationsThe course traces the evolution of Canadian thinkingon national international security issues through anexamination of pre-World War II isolationism, eliteattitudes during the Cold War, the formative period ofNATO, as well as Canadian involvement in theKorean and Indochina conflicts. More recent policiesconcerning ALCM testings, NORAD, and nuclearnon-proliferation will also be explored in detail.(Seminar) Prerequisites: POL 221 or 222, POL 241and 347 (formerly 421). This course may serve as afield B or D course for departmental requirements.

POL 423-3 BC Government and PoliticsThe legislature, political parties, pressure groups,relations with other governments, and other aspectsof the policy process. (Seminar) Prerequisites: POL221 and 222.

POL 424-3 Quebec Government and PoliticsAn examination of the political culture and institutionsin the province of Quebec with particular emphasison the period since 1960. (Seminar) Prerequisites:POL 221, 222 and 321.

POL 425-3 Political Leadership in CanadaThe roles and functions performed by the PrimeMinister and the provincial Premiers and the variousconstraints on the exercise of these functions. Thesocial background, values, attitudes, and leadershipstyles of selected political leaders (Seminar)Prerequisites: POL 221 and 222.

POL 426-3 Canadian Political BehaviorThe study of political attitudes and behavior inCanada. Topics will include political culture, publicopinion, elections and voting behavior. (Seminar)Prerequisites: POL 201 (or 213) and 222. Studentswith credit for POL 326 may not take this course forfurther credit.

POL 427-3 The Legislative Process in CanadaAn analysis of legislatures in the Canadian federaland provincial arenas, including their role in thepolicy process, their strengths and weaknesses, andprescriptions for reform. (Seminar) Prerequisites:POL 221 and 222. Students with credit for POL 325may not take this course for further credit.

POL 428-3 Selected Topics in CanadianGovernment and Politics I(Seminar) Prerequisites: POL 221 and 222.

POL 429-3 Selected Topics in CanadianGovernment and Politics II(Seminar) Prerequisites: POL 221 and 222.

POL 430-3 Government and Politics: SelectedAsian NationsAn examination of political change in the countries ofAsia since the end of colonial rule. The problems of

national integration, social and economic equality,and political participation. The role of elites, partyorganizations, the bureaucracy, the army, andpolitical institutions in nation-building will also beconsidered. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 431-3 Comparative Western EuropeanSystemsAn advanced examination of the political life ofWestern European democratic systems, with specialattention to issues of comparative and theoreticalimport, such as the causes and consequences ofvarious types of party systems and the determinantsof democratic stability. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL231.

POL 432-3 Comparative Communist and Post-Communist Political SystemsA comparative examination of the emergence anddevelopment of communist political systems and alsothe impact of that experience on the various post-communist successor states undergoing the processof regime transition in Eurasia and Eastern Europe.The course will focus on theoretical issues pertainingto the topics considered, and case studies of specificcountries. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 433-3 Comparative Developing SystemsA survey of political problems in selected Third Worldcountries. Topics covered will include: thepreconditions for democracy, the role of militarygovernments, possibilities of revolution, and themeaning of economic dependency influences on thepolitical systems of developing nations. (Seminar)Prerequisites: POL 231 and one of POL 335, 336,337, 338, 339, 414, 430.

POL 435-3 Comparative Federal SystemsComparative analysis of federations such as theCanadian, American, West German, Yugoslavian,Soviet, Indian and Swiss. (Seminar) Prerequisite:POL 231.

POL 438-3 Selected Topics in ComparativeGovernment and Politics I(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 439-3 Selected Topics in ComparativeGovernment and Politics II(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 441-3 Comparative Foreign Relations:Selected Political SystemsA comparison of the foreign policies of selectedpolitical systems. Subjects treated include thedomestic and foreign determinants of foreign policydecisions, the mobilization and application ofresources to influence international politics, and theconsequences of foreign policy decisions andstrategies. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 231 or 241.This course may serve as a field C or D course fordepartmental requirements.

POL 443-3 Nuclear Strategy, Arms Control andInternational SecurityProvides an overview of the evolution of US andSoviet strategic policies since World War II. Thepolitical and doctrinal bases of national strategicdebates are closely examined, as are the variousobstacles to a more stable international arms controlregime for nuclear weapons. (Lecture/Seminar)Prerequisite: one of POL 341, 342, 343, 344, 345,346, 347 or 348. POL 421 or 442 may also serve asa prerequisite for this course.

POL 444-3 Politics and Foreign Policy in theEuropean Economic CommunityThis course offers a comparative foreign policyanalysis of EEC members, as well as an introductionto European political co-operation. Focuses oninstitutions of the EEC, including the Commission,Council of Ministers, European Council andEuropean Parliament. Provides an analysis of bothinternal EC issues such as Common AgriculturalPolicy and European Monetary Union and externalissues such as trade and security relations.(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 241.

POL 445-3 American Foreign Policy: Processes,IssuesExamines US foreign policy in the post World War IIera. Topics to be covered will include the formation offoreign policy, 20th century American security issues,alliance relations, crisis management andinternational economic relations. (Seminar)Prerequisites: POL 241 and 332.

POL 446-3 International Relations of East AsiaAn overview and analysis of international relations inEast Asia. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 241.

POL 447-3 Theories of International PoliticalEconomyAn examination of the major theories of internationalpolitical economy, and their application to suchissues as the politics of trade, aid, monetaryrelations, and transnational corporations.Prerequisites: POL 241 and 343.

POL 448-3 Selected Topics in InternationalRelations I(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 241.

POL 449-3 Selected Topics in InternationalRelations II(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 241.

POL 451-3 Public Policy AnalysisExamines the conceptual, philosophical and practicalaspects of public policy analysis as it is conducted ingovernment, universities, interest groups and policyresearch institutes. Specific attention is paid to thequestion of the role of policy research in the processof public policy making and the design of governmentprograms and services. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL351 or 355 or both POL 221 and 222.

POL 454-3 Urban Public Policy MakingThis course will link differing theoretical perspectivesand concepts currently used in public policy studiesto an understanding of public policy making in urbangovernance. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 252

POL 455-3 Issues in Economic and Social PolicyA practical analysis of the evaluation and theadjustment of public policies and programs designedand implemented to address long-standing socialand economic concerns. The course will look atgovernmental and non-governmental actors involvedin the processes of policy evaluation. (Seminar)Prerequisite: POL 351 or 355 or both POL 221 and222.

POL 457-3 Issues in Policy Innovation andDesignThis course is intended to offer students anopportunity to reflect upon the challenges posed bythe development of new technologies, theemergence of new movements and the uncertaintiesattendant to social and political conflicts associatedwith policy issues about which experts differ insignificant ways. (Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 351 or355 or both POL 221 and 222.

POL 458-3 Selected Topics in Local and UrbanGovernment and Politics(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 252.

POL 459-3 Selected Topics in Public Policy,Public Administration and Public Law(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 151 or 251.

POL 481-3 Ethnic Politics and National Identity:Comparative PerspectivesExamines the impact of ethnicity on the dynamicsand organization of political systems, including theimpact of ethnic diversity on modes of politicalrepresentation, the formation of public policy, and thequest for political stability and national identity.(Seminar) Prerequisite: POL 231.

POL 498-3 Directed Readings in Political ScienceDirected readings in a selected field of study underthe direction of a single faculty member. A paper willbe required. Students registering in this course musthave their program of readings approved (by thesupervising instructor and the Undergraduate Studies

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Committee) prior to registration. Prerequisite:permission of the department. Students may countonly one readings course as credit towards theirupper division Political Science requirements.

POL 499-5 Honors EssayPrerequisite: permission of the department (seeregulations listed in the Department of PoliticalScience section).

PsychologyFaculty of ArtsPSYC 100-3 Introduction to Psychology IAcquaints the student with the major issues incontemporary psychology and considers thehistorical antecedents. Special attention is given toquestions of methodology and research design inpsychology. Topics in physiological psychology,perception, learning and motivation are considered.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: students who havetaken PSYC 101 may not register for PSYC 100.

PSYC 102-3 Introduction to Psychology IIAcquaints the student with major issues incontemporary psychology and considers theirhistorical antecedents. Topics in learning, cognition,social psychology and abnormal psychology areconsidered. Prerequisite: PSYC 100. Students whohave taken PSYC 101 may not register for PSYC102.

PSYC 106-3 Social IssuesRelates contemporary knowledge from psychology tocurrent social problems. Provides relevantinformation from studies pertaining to problems suchas attitude development, prejudice, race relations,addiction, behavior technology, and family pathology.(Lecture/Tutorial)

PSYC 201-4 Research Methods in PsychologyAn introduction to the procedures used inpsychological research, and to the logic underlyingthem. Topics include the strengths and weaknessesof different approaches to research, the formulationof testable questions, the control of extraneousinfluences, the measurement of effects, and thedrawing of valid conclusions from empirical evidence.Provides a background for senior psychologycourses since it offers a basis for the criticalevaluation and conduct of research.(Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisites: PSYC 100 and102, or (PSYC 101). See the Letters of Permissionsection within the undergraduate Department ofPsychology.

Note: Approved Criminology majors or honorsstudents may substitute CRIM 120 (with a minimumfinal course grade of C [2.0] or better) as aprerequisite in place of PSYC 201, but must seekapproval from the undergraduate advisor inPsychology prior to registration. Psychology minorswill be required to take an additional upper divisionPsychology course to replace PSYC 201.

PSYC 210-4 Data Analysis in PsychologyCovers basic descriptive and inferential techniquesmost appropriately applied to the various forms ofdata from psychological research. Should becompleted by majors and honors before the end ofsemester 4. (Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisites:PSYC 201 and BC high school Math 12 or MATH100 or MATH 110 or equivalent. Students without BChigh school Math 12 should enrol in MATH 110,rather than MATH 100. See the Letters of Permissionsection within the undergraduate Department ofPsychology.

PSYC 221-3 Introduction to Cognitive PsychologyIntroduction to the method and theory relevant tothinking and related processes. Includes anexamination of memory, attention, concept formation,problem solving, consciousness and the relation oflanguage to thought. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites:PSYC 100 and 102, (or PSYC 101). Students who

have taken PSYC 320 may not register for PSYC221.

PSYC 241-3 Introduction to AbnormalPsychologyIntroduces students to the area of abnormalpsychology. Topics include the definition andclassification of pathological behavior, factorsinvolved in the development of pathology, andevaluation of therapy outcome. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: PSYC 100 and 102, (or PSYC 101).Students who have taken PSYC 340 may notregister in PSYC 241.

PSYC 250-3 Child PsychologyConsiders the psychological and physical aspects ofhuman development from conception through middlechildhood. Topics include social, emotional,language, cognitive, perceptual and physicaldevelopment. (Lecture/Lab) Prerequisites: PSYC 100and 102, (or PSYC 101). Students who have takenPSYC 350 or 351 may not register in PSYC 250.

PSYC 260-3 Introduction to Social PsychologyExamines methodology and content in socialpsychology. Topics include: attitudes and values;social perception and cognition; group behavior;social includence; prejudice, discrimination, andsexism; aggression; altruism, interpersonal attractionand interpersonal relationships. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: PSYC 100 and 102, (or PSYC 101).Students who have taken PSYC 360 may notregister for PSYC 260.

PSYC 270-3 Introduction to PersonalityIntroduces students to classic and contemporarytheories, conceptual debates, and empirical researchin the area of personality. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: PSYC 100 and 102, (or PSYC 101).

PSYC 280-3 Biological Bases of BehaviorSurveys a variety of biological approaches tounderstanding behavior, including research fromallied disciplines relevant to the biopsychologicalanalysis of behavior. Includes: genetic basis ofnormal and abnormal behavior, psychobiology ofdevelopment, intelligence, aggression, biologicalapproaches to mental illness, learning disabilities,and the behavioral effects of drugs, hormones,biorhythms, brain damage, and environmentalenrichment. (Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisites:PSYC 100 and 102 (or PSYC 101). Recommended:BISC 101.

PSYC 301-4 Intermediate Research Methods andData AnalysisA continuation of PSYC 201-4 and 210-4. Providesextensions of the basic theory and methods ofresearch design and data analysis. Includesdiscussions of the analysis of substantive problems,the choice of appropriate research designs, andspecial problems that arise in the analysis ofpsychological data. (Lecture/Laboratory)Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and 210. See the Letters ofPermission section within the undergraduateDepartment of Psychology.

PSYC 302-3 LearningConditions, principles, and theories of learning.Consideration of the acquisition and extinction ofbehavior. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: PSYC 201and 221.

PSYC 303-4 PerceptionConditions, principles, and theories of perception.Considers how individuals become aware of thestructure and properties of their environment. Topicsinclude perception of form, pattern, spatial relations,motion, causality, and time, and individualdifferences in perception. (Lecture/Laboratory)Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and 221 (or 320).

PSYC 304-3 MotivationConditions, principles and theories of motivation.Considerations of the initiation, direction andregulation of behavior. Animal and human data andthe physiological bases of motivation are considered.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: PSYC 201.

PSYC 306-3 Psychological AssessmentProceduresA survey of selected techniques for assessment ofindividual and group differences in aptitudes,abilities, achievement, attitudes, interests, andpersonality. Emphasis is placed on evaluating theeffectiveness of various techniques, includingperformance tests, self-report questionnaires,inventories and projective approaches. This courseprovides a suitable introduction for studentsconsidering graduate training in clinical psychology.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and oneof PSYC 241 or 270.

PSYC 307-4 Historical Foundations ofPsychologyExamines the development of psychological thoughtthrough theories of ontology, epistemology andethics that laid the foundations for modernpsychology. Provides a background for psychologycourses by analysing how various viewpoints on themind-body relationship, empiricism, rationalism andthe nature of science contributed to the developmentof modern psychology. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: PSYC 201.

PSYC 308-4 History and Systems of ModernPsychologyExamines the development of modern psychologyfrom the founding of the first laboratories in the late19th century to the present. The development andrevisions of the major theoretical systems ofpsychology are examined from a comparative andcritical perspective. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:PSYC 201.

PSYC 311-4 Psychological MeasurementDeals with basic problems in the development ofpsychological measures. Treatment of the conceptsof reliability and validity and the application of theseconcepts in experimental and observationalresearch. Implications of measurement principles forthe design of experiments and studies. Introductionto classical and contemporary methods in differentcontent areas. (Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisites:PSYC 201 and 210.

PSYC 321-3 Intelligence and CreativitySurveys historical conceptions of the nature ofintelligence, and reviews current theoretical andapplied research concerning intelligence andcreativity. Topics will include: the measurement ofintelligence and creativity; the role of heredity andenvironment in their development; the relationsamong intelligence, creativity, and achievement; thesocial and political implications of theories ofintelligence. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: PSYC201 and 221.

PSYC 325-4 MemoryExamination of the phenomena of memory and theretention and reproduction of information. Considersthe conditions and principles of retention and recall inshort- and long-term memory. (Lecture/Laboratory)Prerequisites: PSYC 201, and 221 (or 320).

PSYC 326-3 Psychology of ConsciousnessSystematic consideration of consciousness as apsychological problem. Topics covered will include:the place of consciousness in the history ofpsychology; research on states of consciousness,e.g. dreaming, hypnosis, meditation, fantasy;research on the relationship between brain andconsciousness; applications of consciousnessresearch. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: PSYC 201.Recommended: PSYC 221.

PSYC 330-4 AttentionExamines the processes of selective attention: howattention is located spatially; the role of attention inthe perception of objects; automaticity; and thephysiological mechanisms that mediate attentionalprocesses. (Lecture/Lab) Prerequisites: PSYC 201,and 221 (or 320).

PSYC 335-3 SensationConsiders the capabilities of the sensory systems,

264 Undergraduate Courses – Psychology

and the sensory bases of experience with referenceto the characteristics of stimuli, the receptormechanisms, the processes of transmission, and theconcomitant neurophysiological processes.Consideration is also given to the problems ofresponse indicators and the measurement of sensorymagnitudes. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: PSYC201 and 280.

PSYC 342-0 Practicum IFirst semester of work experience in the PsychologyCo-operative Education program. Prerequisites:PSYC 201 and 210. Students should apply to theCo-op Co-ordinator one semester in advance.

PSYC 343-0 Practicum IISecond semester of work experience in thePsychology Co-operative Education program.Prerequisites: successful completion of PSYC 342-0and 45 credit hours with a minimum CGPA of 3.0.

PSYC 345-3 Feeling and EmotionConsiders the conditions, principles and theories ofthe experiential and behavioral aspects of feelingand emotion as these relate to motivation, learning,perception, personality, psychosomatics, and socialbehavior. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: PSYC 201.

PSYC 355-3 The Psychology of Adolescence andYouthConsiders human development from the end ofchildhood to the beginning of the adult stage, from abio-social point of view. Included among the topicsare psychological effects of sexual maturation,choice of vocation and marriage partner, effects ofparticipation in the gang and youth organization,cultural variations in the patterns of growth.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and 250(or 350 or 351).

PSYC 356-3 Developmental PsychopathologyExamines theoretical approaches, research findings,and treatment outlooks concerning problems anddisorders in childhood development. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 241, and one of250, 350 or 351.

PSYC 357-3 Psychology of Adulthood and AgingConsiders human development from youngadulthood to old age. Included are theories of adultdevelopment and aging; environmental andbiological factors in aging; and the effects of aging onsensation, perception, learning, cognition,personality, psychopathology, and social relations.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and 250(or 350, or 351) or acceptance into the diplomaprogram in Gerontology.

PSYC 364-3 Psychology of GenderExplores theories and research on the psychology ofgender. Gender similarities and differences inpsychological development, social roles, andpersonality will be discussed. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: PSYC 201.

PSYC 366-3 Language DevelopmentTreats language development from a psychologicalpoint of view. Topics include: origins of language inphylogeny, comparison between animal and humancommunication systems, and the acquisition oflanguage in the first year of life. (Lecture/Laboratory)Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and 250 or COGS 200.

PSYC 367-3 Psychology of LanguageExplores language comprehension and productionfrom a psychological point of view. Topics include:the experimental analysis of the basic processes inthe comprehension and production of speech,speech perception, reading, conversational analysis,pragmatics, and the relationship between languageand thought. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: PSYC201 and 221.

PSYC 369-3 Law and PsychologyIntroduces students to the area of law andpsychology. The role of psychology in the legalsystem will be discussed. Topics include: social;

psychology and law, developmental psychology andlaw, juvenile justice, experimental psychology andlaw, mental disability and law, and the influence ofpsychology in the legal system. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: PSYC 201.

PSYC 370-3 Theories of PersonalityReviews major theories of personality such as thoseof Freud, Jung, Rogers, Allport, Skinner, Bandura,and Kelly. The emphasis will be on comparisons ofconcepts; representative research will be consideredin relation to each major theory (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and 270.

PSYC 373-3 Behavior TherapiesConsiders the philosophy, theory, and practice of thebehavior therapies. Theories of learning which havegenerated techniques for behavior change arecritically examined and a broad range of techniquesis reviewed with therapeutic efficacy the primaryfocus. The influence of cognitive psychology onbehavior theory is also presented. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: PSYC 201, and 241 (or 340), and 270(or 370).

PSYC 375-3 Fundamentals of Clinical PsychologyConsiders the scientific and clinical aspects of thediscipline of clinical psychology. Both traditional rootsand recent developments in the field are discussed.Topics include: models of clinical psychology,methods of assessment and modes of interventionand psychotherapy. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites:PSYC 201; and two of 241 (or 340); 270 (or 370);306.

PSYC 381-3 Biopsychology of Motivation andBehaviorA consideration of the physiological systems whichcontrol and regulate basic drives, including hunger,sex, thirst, sleep, and arousal. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and 280.

PSYC 382-4 Cognitive NeuroscienceA consideration of the central nervous systems whichcontrol and regulate higher order complex behavior.Emphasis on human data. The complex behaviorconsidered includes learning, memory, andinformation processing, emotion, aggression andlanguage. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: PSYC201 and 381.

PSYC 384-3 Developmental PsychobiologyA survey of research on normal and abnormal braindevelopment and its behavioral consequences,covering the fetal period through old age. Genetic,prenatal, nutritional, and experiential effects on brainand behavior will be discussed. Topics to include:bio-developmental aspects of sensory-motor, social,linguistic, intellectual, and sexual behavior. Effects ofhead trauma, disease, abnormal environments, andaging will also be covered. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 280. PSYC 250recommended.

PSYC 385-3 Evolution and Social BehaviorTopics such as altruism, parental care, mate choice,sex differences in behavior, aggression, dominanceand territoriality are considered from an evolutionaryperspective. The role of heredity and environment inthe development of these behaviors is alsodiscussed. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: PSYC 201.

PSYC 387-3 Biological Bases of AbnormalBehaviorExamines consequences and treatments of braindamage and disease, and the biological bases ofpsychopathologies, including mood disorders,anxiety, schizophrenia, eating disorders andsubstance abuse. Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and 280.

PSYC 402-5 Historical and Theoretical Issues inPsychologyExamines the basic ideas concerning the relationshipbetween mind and body and the empirical andrational foundations of scientific thought as applied tomodern psychology. Students will be expected toanalyze either the historical development of

contemporary approaches or theoretical issues thatare relevant to their area of interest in psychology.(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201; and one of 207,307, 308 and 60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0or 90 hours of credit and a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 410-5 Research Design IReviews the basic logic of controlledexperimentation, and focuses on analysis of variancedesigns commonly used in psychological research.Particular emphasis is given to the relative merits ofthe several designs when there are multiple researchquestions to be answered. (Seminar) Prerequisites:PSYC 201, 210, 301 and 60 hours of credit with aCGPA of 3.0 or 90 hours of credit with a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 411-5 Research Design IIFocuses on multivariate regression and correlationmodels. Deals with ways of answering questionswhen direct experimental manipulation is notfeasible, and demonstrates the utility of the principlesinvolved for solving problems other than those forwhich they were first proposed. (Seminar)Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 301, and 60 hours ofcredit with a CGPA of 3.0 or 90 hours of credit with aCGPA of 2.5. Recommended: PSYC 410.

PSYC 425-5 Language and Thinking(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 221 (or320) and 60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit and a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 430-5 Selected Topics in Perception andCognition(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 221 (or320), and one of 303, 325 and 330, and 60 hours ofcredit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90 hours of credit with aCGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 442-0 Practicum IIIThird semester of work experience in the PsychologyCo-operative Education program. Prerequisites:successful completion of PSYC 342 and 343 and 60semester hours with a minimum CGPA of 3.0.

PSYC 443-0 Practicum IVFourth semester of work experience in thePsychology Co-operative Education Program.Prerequisites: successful completion of PSYC 442and 75 semester hours with a minimum CGPA of 3.0.

PSYC 444-5 Psychopathology(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 241 (or340) and 60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit and a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 450-5 Selected Topics in DevelopmentalPsychology(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 250 (or351) and 60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit and a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 451-5 Seminar in Infancy(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 250 (or351) and 60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit and a CGPA of 2.5.PSYC 452-5 Selected Topics in Social and MoralDevelopment(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 250 (or351) and 60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit and a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 456-5 Selected Topics in Adulthood andAging(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 250, 357and 60 hours of credit with a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit with a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 459-5 Selected Topics in DevelopmentalResearchProvides experience in designing and conducting adevelopmental research study. Students will beexpected to apply developmental methodology andtheory to a particular research project. Specificcontent and methodological focus will vary.(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 250 (or351); two of PSYC 355, 356, 357, 450, 451, 452, 456and 60 hours of credit with a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit with a CGPA of 2.5.

265Undergraduate Courses – Quaternary Studies, Resource and Environmental Management, Science, Sociology and Anthropology

PSYC 461-5 Selected Topics in Social Cognition(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 260 (or360) and 60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit and a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 462-5 Selected Topics in InterpersonalRelations(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 260 (or360) and 60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit and a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 465-5 Selected Topics in SocialPsychologyExamines methods of research in social psychologywith particular emphasis on experimental design andprocedures. Provides students with the opportunity todesign and conduct social psychological research.(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 260 (or360), and 60 hours of credit with a GPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit with a GPA of 2.5.

PSYC 469-5 Selected Topics in Psycholegal Issues(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 241 (or340), 260 (or 360), 369 and 60 hours of credit and aCGPA of 3.0 or 90 hours of credit and a CGPA of2.5.

PSYC 470-5 Selected Topics in Personality(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 270, 370and 60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90hours of credit and a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 480-5 Physiological Psychology(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 280, andone of PSYC 381 and 382, and 60 hours of creditand a CGPA of 3.0 or 90 hours of credit and a CGPAof 2.5.

PSYC 481-5 Laboratory in BiopsychologyThe techniques of electrophysiological recording aredemonstrated and learned. These includeelectroencephalography, electromyography,electrocardiography, electrodermography and othertechniques for the measurement of physiologicalchanges which are related to behavior. The recordedinformation is related to the behavioral andphysiological conditions that influence theiroccurrence and form. (Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC201, 210, 280 and 60 hours of credit with a CGPA of3.0 or 90 hours of credit with a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 483-5 Seminar in Drugs and BehaviorA survey of the field of psychopharmacology – thestudy of how drugs affect the brain, consciousnessand behaviour. Topics will include cellular effects ofdrugs and consequences for psychological functionsand social behavior. Theories of addiction andtreatments for drug abuse will be covered as well aslegal and societal issues in the area of drugregulation. History and research regarding both legaland illegal substances will be included, as will drugtreatments for mental illness. (Seminar)Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 280 and 60 hours ofcredit with a CGPA of 3.0 or 90 hours of credit with aCGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 485-5 Seminar in Evolutionary Psychology(Seminar) Prerequisites: PSYC 201, 210, 385, and60 hours of credit and a CGPA of 3.0 or 90 hours ofcredit and a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 488-5 Seminar in Biological RhythmsExamines the role of biological clocks in theregulation of mammalian behavior and physiology,the mechanisms by which these clocks aresynchronized to the environment, the physiologicalbasis of clocks, and the relevance of rhythms tohuman psychopathology. (Seminar) Prerequisites:PSYC 201, 210, 280 and 60 hours of credit with aCGPA of 3.0 or 90 hours of credit with a CGPA of 2.5.

PSYC 490-5 Honors ProjectAn in-depth investigation of a topic in psychology,culminating in a critical literature review and theformulation of a research proposal. Prerequisite orCorequisite: PSYC 301.Note: Open by special arrangement only toPsychology honors students who have completed at

least 90 semester hour credits of university work,with at least 20 credits in upper division Psychologycourses. A plan must be approved by the facultysupervisor and by the Undergraduate StudiesCommittee before work is begun.

PSYC 491-3 Selected Topics in Psychology(Seminar) Prerequisite: permission of the department.

PSYC 492-5 Selected Topics in Psychology(Seminar) Prerequisite: permission of the department.

PSYC 493-3, 494-3, 495-3 Directed StudiesIndependent reading or research in topics selected inconsultation with the supervising instructor.Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and permission of thedepartment. Students should register for 493 the firsttime a 3 credit directed studies course is taken, andfor 494 and 495 if further 3 credit directed studiescourses on separate topics are taken.

PSYC 496-5, 497-5, 498-5 Directed StudiesIndependent reading or research in topics selected inconsultation with the supervising instructor.Prerequisites: PSYC 201 and permission of thedepartment. Students should register for 496 the firsttime a 5 credit directed studies course is taken, andfor 497 and 498 if further credit directed studiescourses on separate topics are taken.

PSYC 499-5 Honors ProjectThe research proposed in PSYC 490 is executedand the results are written up in thesis format.Prerequisite: PSYC 301.

Quaternary StudiesFaculty of ScienceQUAT 400-1 Seminar in Quaternary StudiesAn examination of current issues and problems inQuaternary research. Prerequisites: only available tostudents enrolled in Quaternary Studies program,and permission of Program Advisor. Graded on S/Ubasis.

QUAT 401-1 Field SchoolIdentification, mapping and interpretation ofQuaternary deposits and landforms, with particularemphasis on British Columbia. Prerequisites: onlyavailable to students enrolled in Quaternary Studiesprogram, and permission of program advisor. Gradedon S/U basis.

QUAT 403-4 Directed Readings in QuaternaryStudiesDesigned for students in the Quaternary Studiesminor program who wish to pursue in detail a topicnot covered in existing courses. Prerequisite:permission to enter directed readings coursesrequires written consent of both a faculty memberassociated with the Institute for Quaternary Research(IQR) who is willing to supervise the research, andthe Director of IQR.

Resource and EnvironmentalManagementFaculty of Applied SciencesREM 100-3 Global ChangeHumanity’s role in changing the face of the earth: 1)changes in population and society: technologicalchange; institutions, social organization, and culturalvalues; patterns of production and consumption;urbanization; changing attitudes and emphasis. 2)transformation of the global environment: land-forests; soils; sediment transfer; water-terrestrialwater systems; costal zone; oceans; atmosphere;biota-terrestrial fauna, marine biota, flora;understanding transformations. (2-1-0)

REM 311-3 Applied Ecology and SustainableEnvironmentsStudents will learn to apply the ecological conceptsintroduced in prerequisite courses to applied

ecological problems at the population, community,and ecosystem levels of organization. Emphasis willbe placed on processes which drive ecologicaldynamics, on recognizing those processes anddynamics in applied contexts, and on interpretingecological data. (Lecture/Tutorial-Computer Lab)Prerequisites: REM 100, EVSC 200, BISC 204,STAT 101 or equivalent, MATH 154 or equivalent.

REM 356-3 Institutional Arrangements forSustainable Environmental ManagementThis course provides an overview of some basiclegislation, agencies, and policies which currently arein use to regulate the natural environment at theinternational, nation, provincial, regional, and locallevels. Its purpose is to present a basic set ofevaluative questions which can be used to addressthe effectiveness and efficiency of the environmentalregulatory and management systems currently inuse. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisites: REM 100,EVSC 200.

ScienceFaculty of ScienceSCI 010-1,2 or 3 Contemporary Topics in NaturalSciencesMembers of all departments of the Faculty ofScience discuss topics to give students an insightinto modern science.

SCI 300-3 Science and its Impact on SocietyThe impact of science in our society. This courseintroduces upper level university students to allfacets of science and their resulting technologies.Governmental policies often involve far-reachingscientific/technological decisions and this courseattempts to provide a scientific perspective to helpachieve rational and effective policies. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: 60 credit hours. Not open tostudents in the Faculty of Science or the Schools ofComputing Science, Engineering Science andKinesiology.

Sociology and AnthropologyFaculty of ArtsNote: To assist the student in planning aninterdisciplinary program, the discipline designatesare listed as follows.

(S) Sociology(A) Anthropology

An (SA) course, therefore, counts as either Sociologyor Anthropology.

SA 100-4 Perspectives on Canadian Society (SA)An examination of Canadian society from theperspective of the social sciences — an introductionboth to the nature of Canadian society and to the useof sociological and anthropological concepts appliedto the analysis of modern societies in general. Thiscourse is meant to appeal to those who specificallywish to expand their knowledge of Canadian Society,and also to those who may be considering furtherwork in sociology and anthropology. Topics to beconsidered include class structure, the nature ofCanada's population, regional variation, genderrelations, multiculturalism, native issues.(Lecture/Tutorial)

SA 101-4 Introduction to Anthropology (A)An introduction to the study of human social andcultural life from an anthropological perspective. Thecourse will explore the scope and nature of thediscipline of anthropology through study of selectedcases drawn from both technologically simplecommunities and complex modern industrialsocieties. (Lecture/Tutorial) Students with credit forSA 170 may not take SA 101 for further credit.

266 Undergraduate Courses – Sociology and Anthropology

SA 141-0 Sociology and Anthropology Practicum(SA)This is the first semester of work experience in theCo-operative Education Program in Sociology andAnthropology. It is meant to be exploratory in nature.Prerequisite: 29 semester credit hours with aminimum cumulative GPA of 2.75 including SA 101,150, 201 or 250, 255 and one of SA 202, 203, 263.Students should apply to the Faculty of Arts Co-opCo-ordinator by the end of the third week of thesemester preceding the employment semester.

SA 150-4 Introduction to Sociology (S)The study of basic concerns of sociology, such associal order, social change, social conflict and socialinequality. (Lecture/Tutorial)

SA 201-4 Anthropology of Contemporary Life (A)An introduction to the anthropological perspective asapplied to contemporary social and cultural issuesand settings. Topics may include: urbananthropology; work and leisure; belief systems;medical anthropology; and problems of policyrelevant research. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SA101 recommended. Students with credit for SA 291may not take SA 201 for further credit.

SA 202-4 Post-Industrial Society (S)An analysis of the social implications of thetransformation from classical industrial production tocomputer-aided design, manufacturing, processingand retailing. The course will examine changing laborprocesses and the new division of labor, thechallenge to trade unions, the decline of the welfarestate, the post modern condition and theglobalization of economic life. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: SA 150.

SA 203-4 Comparative Ethnic Relations (SA)A comparative study of racial and ethnic relations.The course will deal with a variety of beliefs aboutothers and different patterns of discrimination in anumber of societies. The inevitability of such beliefsand practices and the means of altering them mayalso be examined. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SA150.

SA 216-4 Sociology of Leisure (S)An examination of the changing nature andsignificance of leisure in contemporary society.Various forms of leisure are discussed in relation toother social institutions and processes, such asreligion, politics, family and work. Issues raised bythe commercialization and commoditization of massleisure are explored. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:SA 150. Students with credit for SA 315 may not takeSA 216 for further credit.

SA 217-4 Conflict, Violence and War (SA)Provides a sociological and comparative frameworkfor the study of phenomena such as inter-groupconflict, organized and collective violence andinternational wars. Terrorism as a contemporary formof inter-group conflict will be examined. Other topicsto be explored are: the military industrial complex,nuclear arsenal, disarmament, and the peacemovement. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SA 150.Students with credit for SA 292 and 293 (on a war-related topic) may not take SA 217 for further credit.

SA 218-4 Illness, Culture and Society (SA)The study of socio-cultural factors related to healthand illness. Focus will be on patterns of healthseeking activity, systems of health care, causal andsymbolic factors involved in physical and mentalillness, and the medicalization of life in contemporarysociety. The disciplinary focus of the course will varyfrom semester to semester. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: SA 101 or 201 or 150. Students withcredit SA 460 when offered as Medical Anthropologymay not take SA 218 for further credit.

SA 231-4 The Sociology of Domestic Life (S)An examination of families and households in social,cultural, political and economic context. This coursefocuses on the diversity of family forms in

contemporary societies (particularly Canada) inrelation to various social institutions and processes,including demographic trends, ideology, theeconomy, the state and social policies. (Lecture)Prerequisite: SA 150.

SA 241-0 Sociology and Anthropology PracticumII (SA)This is the second semester of work experience inthe Co-operative Education Program in Sociologyand Anthropology. Building on the experiences of thefirst employment semester, this semester will providea work experience that integrates theory and practiceof the social sciences. Prerequisites: successfulcompletion of SA 141 and normally the completion ofat least 45 semester credit hours with a minimumcumulative GPA of 2.75. Students should apply tothe Faculty of Arts Co-op Co-ordinator by the end ofthe third week of the semester preceding theemployment semester.

SA 245-4 Introduction to Visual Anthropology (A)This course introduces students to the principles andpractices of visual anthropology. The course will beshaped to two central themes: the visual inanthropology, and the anthropology of the visual.Topics to be covered include the use of photography,film and video as a tool in ethnographic research, theuse and implications of new information technologiesand the ‘reading’ of photographs, film and video froman anthropological perspective. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: SA 101. One of SA 201, 263, 286 or293 is highly recommended.

SA 250-4 Introduction to Sociological Theory (S)An account of sociological theory, outlining the mainideas and concepts of the principal schools ofthought. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SA 150.

SA 255-4 Introduction to Social Research (SA)An introduction to the conduct of sociological andanthropological research. Topics covered include:the relationship between theory and research,concept formation, operationalization, exploratorystudies, hypothesis generation and testing, datacollection techniques within both sociology andanthropology, the assessment of causality, thecritical evaluation of research on both theoretical andmethodological grounds, the definition of researchproblems, and ethical issues in social research.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SA 101 or 150.Students with credit for POL 213 may not take SA255 for further credit.

SA 260-4 Individual and Society (S)An examination of how self and identity (e.g. race,class, gender, sexual orientation) are socially derivedwithin contemporary western culture, and of the waysthat individuals shape their social environment.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SA 150.

SA 263-4 Peasants, Proletarians and the GlobalEconomy (A)An introduction to the anthropology of peoples inagrarian and newly industrializing societies. Topicsmay include: relations between peasants and othersin agrarian societies, transformation of peasants intourban proletarians; sources of social differentiationand increasing poverty and unrest. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: SA 101 recommended. Students withcredit for SA 280 may not take SA 263 for furthercredit.

SA 275-4 China: Sociological andAnthropological Perspectives (SA)An examination of the social, cultural, economic andpolitical institutions of modern China, and theprocesses of social change shaping them. Theemphasis will vary from semester to semester.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SA 101 or 150.

SA 286-4 Native Cultures of British Columbia (A)A study of selected Native peoples of BritishColumbia in terms of ecological adaptation and socialorganization. Topics may include: continuity andchange in traditional ceremonial complexes; art;

political processes. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:SA 101 recommended. Students with credit for SA140 may not take SA 286 for further credit. Thiscourse is taught as part of the BC Studies program.

SA 292-4 Special Topics in Sociology (S)An introduction to the discipline and perspective ofsociology through analysis of an issue, process orproblem with topical interest or general relevance.(Lecture/Tutorial)

SA 293-4 Special Topics in Anthropology (A)An introduction to the discipline and perspective ofanthropology through analysis of an issue, processor problem with topical interest or general relevance.(Lecture/Tutorial) Recommended: SA 101.

SA 294-4 Special Topics in Sociology andAnthropology (SA)Topical exploration of interdisciplinary issues insociology and anthropology. (Lecture/Tutorial)

Note: In special cases, for courses numbered 300and above (excluding 496 through 499 inclusive) thestated prerequisite may be waived with permission ofthe department or instructor. Students requiring suchwaivers must consult with the DepartmentalAssistant.

SA 300-4 Canadian Social Structure (SA)An analysis of the social institutions and structure ofCanadian society. The focus of the course will varyfrom semester to semester, but typically it willexamine different theoretical approaches to the studyof Canada and, from these, develop a framework forthe analysis of Canadian social institutions and classstructure. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 and onesecond year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropologycourse; SA 100 recommended.

SA 301-4 Key Ideas in Anthropology (A)A consideration of basic themes in anthropologicalthought with respect to their historical origins andtheoretical structures. Methodological problems inthe interpretation of cross-cultural materials.(Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 101 and one of SA 201,263, 286 or 293. Students with credit for SA 370 maynot take SA 301 for further credit.

SA 303-4 Ethnic Conflicts (SA)An analysis of the origins, expression and attemptedsolutions of conflicts in ethnically divided societies.Depending upon the area of focus, such contentiousissues as education, political representation, religiousdivisions, labor policies, and formal and informalmechanisms of segregation will be considered.(Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 and one secondyear Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course;SA 203 recommended.

SA 304-4 Social Control (S)This course examines how the organization of control(formal and informal) affects both individuals andsociety. It will investigate how control takes form,how it functions, the ideologies supporting it, and theresistance it produces. We will ask the followingquestions: who are the agents of social control; whoor what do they control; and how do they control?(Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 and one secondyear Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course.

SA 316-4 Tourism and Social Policy (SA)An examination of tourism from the perspectives ofsociology and anthropology, focusing primarily uponthe social and cultural impacts of tourism and thesocial policy implications of tourism development indifferent societies. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150and one second year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course.

SA 318-4 The Anthropology of Medicine (A)An examination from a cross-cultural perspective ofthe social and ideological organization of health andhealing. The role of medicine as a mediator betweensociety and the body will be considered through anexamination of the socio-cultural underpinnings ofboth biomedicine in the West and alternative medical

267Undergraduate Courses – Sociology and Anthropology

systems. Topics may include: cultural variation indefinitions of illness; medical pluralism in complexsocieties; medical authority and social control; therelation between health and gender, age, class, andethnic identity. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 101 and218.

SA 319-4 Culture, Ethnicity and Aging (SA)An examination of the effects of culture and ethnicityon the aging process and the treatment of the aged.Although the orientation of the course is cross-cultural and comparative, particular emphasis will beplaced on the social aspects of aging among variousethnic groups in contemporary Canada.(Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 101 or 150 andeither one second year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course, or acceptance into theGerontology Diploma Program.

SA 320-4 Population and Society (SA)A study of the reciprocal influence of population andsocial structure and demographic attempts to usepopulation variables in social explanation; adiscussion of cultural and institutional influences onhuman populations with respect to fertility, mortalityand migration. (Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisites: SA150 and one second year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course.

SA 321-4 Social Movements (S)A study of the sources, development and effects ofsocial movements in transitional and modernizedsocieties. Specific types of movements will beanalysed. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 and onesecond year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropologycourse.

SA 322-4 Sociology of Religion (S)An examination of the development and socialimpact of religious institutions in modern industrialsocieties. Consideration will be given to the classicaltheoretical approaches to the sociology of religion,and further topics which may be considered include:denominational religion in Britain and North America;the secularization thesis; the relationship betweenscience and religion, and the organization, structureand social appeal of sectarian groups incontemporary society. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA150 and one second year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course.

SA 323-4 Symbol, Myth and Meaning (A)An examination of myth, symbolism, ritual andcosmological systems. Anthropological theories ofmagic, possession, witchcraft, healing and religiousmovements analyzed in ethnographic context.(Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 101 and one of SA 201,263, 286 or 293.

SA 325-4 Political Sociology (S)An examination of the relations of power andauthority. This course will analyze the interrelationsof family, church, class, interest groups, etc.,particularly as they influence and are influenced bythe state. The relations of law and ideology to thestructures of government will form the context for thisanalysis. The course may also focus on broadtheoretical questions of contemporary politicalinterest. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 and onesecond year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropologycourse.

SA 326-4 Ecology and Social Thought (S)An examination of recent social thought that isconcerned with environmental and ecologicalthemes. It will address a selection from the followingthemes: technology evaluation; technology andscience as ideology; ecology and social inequality;the concepts of ecosystem, environment andwilderness; the self-world relationship; politics ofenvironmental uses; environment and the economy.(Seminar) Prerequisite: SA 250 or equivalent secondyear course in a cognate discipline.

SA 327-4 Sociology of Knowledge (S)An examination of sociological theories concerning

the interaction of social structures, and meaning andbelief systems. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 andone second year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course. SA 250 recommended.

SA 332-4 The Anthropology of Domestic Life (A)The study of descent, kinship, marriage and thedomestic domain in cross-cultural and historicalperspective. Topics to be considered could include:the economic and political context of kinship; thesocial definition of childhood, adulthood, and old-age;the nature and function of marriage. (Seminar)Prerequisites: SA 101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286or 293.

SA 333-4 Schooling and Society (S)A sociological analysis of the nature of the educationsystem and its relationship to major social institutionsin Western industrial societies, in particular Canada.Aspects studied may include: the classroom,teachers, student culture, bureaucratization,inequality, employment, and social policy. (Seminar)Prerequisites: SA 150 and one second yearSociology or Sociology/Anthropology course.

SA 335-4 Gender Relations and Social Issues (S)A sociological study of the position of women andmen in major social institutions in western industrialsocieties, in particular Canada. Social institutionsthat may be examined include: the family, education,the economy, the polity, law, and the mass media.Particular attention will be paid to social policyissues. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 and onesecond year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropologycourse. WS 203 recommended. Students with creditfor SA 292 (when offered as gender relations) or WS308 may not take SA 335 for further credit.

SA 340-4 Social Issues and Social PolicyAnalysis (SA)An examination of how sociological andanthropological theories and methods can be appliedto the examination of social problems and issueswhich become the object of social policy. A centralconcern of the course is the question of how socialissues are defined as problematic. Particularattention will be given to gender, ethnicity, class andgeneration. Substantive examples of social policyissues will be selected from a number of fields.(Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 and either SA 101or one other lower division (A) course.

SA 341-0 Sociology and Anthropology PracticumIII (SA)This is the third semester of work experience in theCo-operative Education Program in Sociology andAnthropology. The work experience will be focused ina specialized area of the student’s choice.Prerequisites: successful completion of SA 241 andnormally the completion of at least 61 semesterhours with a minimum cumulative GPA of 2.75.Students should apply to the Faculty of Arts Co-opCo-ordinator by the end of the third week of thesemester preceding the employment semester.

SA 345-4 Issues in Canadian Ethnic Relations(SA)A survey of current issues in ethnic and interculturalrelations in Canada, considered in the context ofdemographic trends and policy development.(Seminar) Prerequisites: any two of the following: SA101, 150, 201.

SA 350-4 Classical Sociological Thought (S)An examination of aspects of the work of one ormore of the nineteenth or early twentieth centurysociological theorists. (Seminar) Prerequisite: SA250.

SA 351-4 Classical Marxist Thought (SA)A detailed study of classical Marxist social thought.(Seminar) Prerequisite: SA 250.

SA 355-4 Quantitative Methods (SA)An examination of measurement issues withinsociological and anthropological research, focusingon the logical and conceptual construction and

interpretation of tables, and an examination of theuses and abuses of statistics. Through anintroduction to ‘hands on’ use of the computer, thiscourse emphasizes the applications, rather than themathematics, of statistics. (Seminar) Prerequisites:STAT 203 or equivalent and SA 255 or POL 213.Students with credit for SA 355 may not take POL315 for further credit.

SA 356-4 Qualitative Methods (SA)An examination of qualitative field methods, includingparticipant observation, interviewing, archivalresearch, cross-cultural research, life histories,network analysis, mapping, and ethical problems offieldwork. (Seminar) Prerequisite: SA 255 and 101 or201.

SA 357-4 Survey Methods (SA)Students will formulate a research problem suited toa quasi-experimental (survey) design, and performall the research steps needed for its completion.(Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 255 and 355.

SA 358-4 The Philosophy of the Social Sciences(SA)An analysis of the nature of explanation in the socialsciences: ‘mind’ and action, positivist and interpretivemodes of explanation, sociological and historicalexplanation, objectivity, forms of relativism, theconcept of rationality. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA150 and one second year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course; SA 250 and 255recommended.

SA 360-4 Special Topics in Sociology andAnthropology (SA)A seminar exploring a topic not regularly offered bythe department. The disciplinary designation willchange to reflect specific topics; refer to eachsemester’s course booklet. (Seminar) Prerequisites:SA 101 and 150, plus one second year Sociology,Anthropology or Sociology/Anthropology course.

SA 362-4 Society and the Changing GlobalDivision of Labor (S)An examination of the social and political implicationsof the global economy. Topics to be consideredinclude the influence of neo-liberal economics, thedecline of the national welfare state, trans-nationalpolitical agencies and public policy, theinternationalization of culture, the global labormarket, the ‘world city’ hypothesis, ethnic resurgenceand alternatives to these developments. (Seminar)Prerequisites: SA 150 and one second yearSociology or Sociology/Anthropology course. SA 202strongly recommended.

SA 363-4 Processes of Development andUnderdevelopment (SA)An examination of sociological and anthropologicaltheories of development and underdevelopment asapplied to the Third World. The nature andconsequences of world system linkages; colonialismand decolonization; patterns of social change inselected societies and regions. (Seminar)Prerequisites: SA 250 or 101 and one of SA 201,263, 286 or 293. SA 263 is strongly recommended.

SA 364-4 Urban Communities and Cultures (SA)Anthropological approaches to urbanization, thenature of the city as a social system, and urbancultures and lifestyles. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286 or 293. Studentswith credit for SA 464 may not take SA 364 forfurther credit.

SA 371-4 The Environment and Society (SA)An examination of environmental issues in theirsocial context. Environmental issues are on theleading edge of contemporary public concern andpublic policy debates. This course will examine suchissues as the relationship between socialorganization and mode of subsistence, the politics ofhunger, and the way in which human societies intheir particular social, historical, and cultural contextsview and interact with the natural world. Content may

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differ from semester to semester. (Seminar)Prerequisites: SA 101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286or 293.

SA 374-4 South Africa: Socio-PoliticalDevelopment (SA)An exploration of the socio-political transformation ofSouth Africa and the legacy of apartheid. Inter-ethnicrelations and nation-building are compared withnationalist conflicts in other divided societies;constitutional experiments with power sharing andcorporatism are assessed. (Seminar) Prerequisites:SA 101 or 150 and one second year Sociology orAnthropology course, or permission of instructor.Students with credit for SA 477 may not take SA 374for further credit.

SA 386-4 Native Peoples and Public Policy (SA)An examination of relations between Natives andnon-Natives, indigenous peoples and governments inCanada. The consequences of these relations for thelives of Native peoples. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286 and 293.

SA 387-4 Canadian Native Peoples (SA)The study of traditional and contemporary CanadianNative peoples. The focus of the course will varyfrom semester to semester. (Seminar) Prerequisites:SA 101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286 or 293.

SA 388-4 Comparative Studies of MinorityIndigenous Peoples (SA)The social and cultural patterns of aboriginalpopulations within various modern nation-states.Their relations with majority societies and with otherindigenous groups across the world. (Seminar)Prerequisites: SA 101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286or 293.

SA 392-4 Latin America (SA)An introduction to the peoples and institutions ofLatin America in historical and contemporaryperspective, emphasizing macro-level patterns ofsimilarity and diversity. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286 or 293. Studentswith credit for SA 391 may not take this course forfurther credit.

SA 396-4 Selected Regional Areas (SA)An examination of selected aspects of socialstructure, culture and processes of social change ina specific regional area. The focus will vary fromsemester to semester. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286 or 293.

SA 400-4 Canadian Ethnic Minorities (SA)An analysis of specific Canadian ethnic minorities.The groups will be studied in the context of the widerliterature of race relations and ethnicity. (Seminar)Prerequisites: SA 150 and one second yearSociology or Sociology/Anthropology course; SA 203and 300 recommended. Students with credit for SA401 prior to the Fall of 1987 may not take this coursefor further credit.

SA 401-4 The Politics of Culture in ContemporarySocieties (A)Anthropological explorations of the relationshipbetween political, cultural, and social processes incontemporary societies. Topics may include: socialorganization and symbolic systems; the use ofpolitical rhetoric and symbolism; the mobilization ofsocial, cultural and political constituencies; thearticulation of political processes between local,national, and international levels. (Seminar)Prerequisite: SA 301; SA 356 highly recommended.

SA 402-4 The Uses of Anthropology (A)An examination of the ways in which anthropology isused to affect action in the world. Topics mayinclude: advocacy anthropology; the developmentand practice of applied anthropology; the emergenceof anthropology as a form of cultural critique.(Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 101 and one of SA 201,263, 286 or 293. At least two upper division coursesin Anthropology are strongly recommended.

SA 416-4 Sociology of Art Forms (S)This course may focus variously on one or all of thefollowing: the social origins and functions of art,sociological theories of aesthetics, and contemporaryissues in art, such as the fate of art in modernsociety, popular culture, mass media, ideology in art.(Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 and one secondyear Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course.

SA 420-4 Sociology of Aging (SA)The structural and behavioral implications of aging.Topics included will be: demographic aspects ofaging; the relationship of aging to political, economic,familial and other social institutions; thepsychological significance of aging. (Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 and one second yearSociology or Sociology/Anthropology course, oracceptance into the Diploma Program inGerontology.

SA 441-0 Sociology and Anthropology PracticumIV (SA)This is the last semester of work experience in theCo-operative Education Program in Sociology andAnthropology. The work experience will require ahigh level of expertise in both theoretical conceptionsand practical endeavors. Prerequisites: successfulcompletion of SA 341 and normally the completion ofat least 77 semester credit hours with a minimumcumulative GPA of 2.75. Students should apply tothe Faculty of Arts Co-op Co-ordinator by the end ofthe third week of the semester preceding theemployment semester.

SA 447-4 Selected Issues in Social PolicyAnalysis (SA)An advanced seminar devoted to an in-depthexamination of an issue or topic in the field of socialpolicy analysis which is not regularly offered by thedepartment. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 150 andone second year Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course (or permission of the instructor).SA 340 strongly recommended.

SA 450-4 Advanced Sociological Theory (S)A senior seminar on current perspectives insociological theory. Emphasis will differ fromsemester to semester. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA350, 90 credit hours, a GPA of at least 3.25 andconsent of the instructor.

SA 451-4 Advanced Anthropological Theory (A)A senior seminar on current perspectives inanthropological theory. Emphasis will differ fromsemester to semester. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA301, 90 credit hours, a GPA of at least 3.25 andconsent of the instructor.

SA 455-4 Special Topics in Applied SocialResearch (SA)An advanced seminar devoted to special topics inapplied social research. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA255 and SA 355 or 356.

SA 460-4 Special Topics in Sociology andAnthropology I (SA)An advanced seminar devoted to an in-depthexamination of a topic not regularly offered by thedepartment. The disciplinary designation will changeto reflect specific topics; refer to each semester’scourse booklet. (Seminar) Prerequisites: at least twoupper division courses in Sociology and/orAnthropology recommended.

SA 463-4 Special Topics in Development Studies(SA)An examination of processes of social change inselected Third World societies. Topics will changefrom semester to semester, but may include:liberation movements and colonialism, thecomparative study of post-revolutionary societies; thepersistence, transformation and disappearance ofcontemporary peasantries; directed changeprograms. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA 250 or 101and one of SA 201, 263, 286 or 293. SA 363 isstrongly recommended.

SA 467-4 Anthropology of the Self (A)Cross-cultural explorations in the social constructionof selfhood. The comparative study of indigenoustheories about the mind, body, gender and self.These beliefs will be considered in relation to socialstructure and western psychology theory. (Seminar)Prerequisites: SA 101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286or 293.

SA 472-4 Anthropology and the Past (A)Anthropologists frequently turn to historicaldocuments (traveller’s reports, missionary archives,etc.) in order to reconstruct the nature of pastsocieties; likewise, every society has a sense of itsown past and represents it in its own way. Thiscourse examines the relation between history andanthropology. Content may include: the use ofhistorical material in anthropological research;construction of traditional knowledge as a culturalprocess; history and the politics of culture; therelation between individual and collective memory.(Seminar) Prerequisite: SA 301 or 350, or consent ofthe instructor.

SA 486-4 Issues in Northwest Coast Studies (A)The examination of theoretical and methodologicalissues in Northwest Coast Studies. The focus willvary from semester to semester. (Seminar)Prerequisites: SA 101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286or 293. SA 286 is strongly recommended.

SA 495-4 Selected Regional Areas (SA)An examination of selected aspects of the socialstructure, culture and the processes of social changein a specific regional area. The focus will vary fromsemester to semester. (Seminar) Prerequisites: SA101 and one of SA 201, 263, 286 or 293.

Normally, only majors in the Department of Sociologyand Anthropology may take SA 496 or 497. Thesignature of a faculty member, who is willing tosupervise the course, must be obtained prior toregistration.

SA 496-4 Directed Readings in Anthropology (A)Directed readings in a selected field of study underthe direction of a single faculty member. A paper willbe required. Prerequisites: SA 101 and one of SA201, 263, 286 or 293. Students with credit for SA 497may not take SA 496 for further credit.

SA 497-4 Directed Readings in Sociology (S)Directed readings in a selected field of study underthe direction of a single faculty member. A paper willbe required. Prerequisites: SA 150 and one secondyear Sociology or Sociology/Anthropology course.Students with credit for SA 496 may not take SA 497for further credit.

All honors students must take SA 499, normally aftercompleting 120 hours of credit. This course is notavailable to students completing a general degree.

SA 499-8 Honors Essay (SA)An honors essay to be written under the direction ofa member of faculty, a copy of which is to bepermanently lodged with the department. Oncompletion, the essay is to be defended orally in adepartmental seminar.

SpanishFaculty of Arts

Spanish LanguageStudents with knowledge of the Spanish languagemay take a short test in order to be placed in alanguage course best suited to their abilities inSpanish. The test is also used to advise students ofthe possibility of obtaining advance placement orchallenge credit. Please note that students will notusually be able to take courses below the level inwhich they have been placed. Native speakers ofSpanish or students who received their secondaryeducation entirely within a Spanish-speaking

269Undergraduate Courses – Spanish and Latin American Studies, Statistics

community will not normally be admitted to a 100 or200 level Spanish language course.

Consult the Course Timetable and Exam Scheduletabloid for the placement test schedule for theupcoming semester.

SPAN 102-3 Introductory Spanish IAcquisition of spoken fluency and elementaryreading facility. This course is for all students whohave not previously taken Spanish and for thosewhose proficiency in Spanish is not judged adequatefor more advanced courses. (Tutorial/Laboratory)

SPAN 103-3 Introductory Spanish IIContinuation of the work of SPAN 102; it should betaken, wherever possible, in the semesterimmediately following SPAN 102. (Tutorial/Laboratory)Prerequisite: SPAN 102 or equivalent.

SPAN 201-3 Intermediate Spanish IEmphasis on oral command, and accurate andidiomatic expression. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:SPAN 103 or equivalent.

SPAN 202-3 Intermediate Spanish IIContinues the work of SPAN 201 with emphasis onoral command and writing skills. Reading of selectedtexts will be introduced to expose the students toHispanic culture. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:SPAN 201.

SPAN 220-3 Introduction to Spanish LinguisticsAn introduction to the study of Spanish linguistics,with particular attention to the sound system,grammatical structure, and lexical contrasts withEnglish. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SPAN 202.

SPAN 240-3 Introduction to Hispanic LiteratureAn introduction to Spanish and Latin Americanthought through selected readings of modernauthors; with emphasis on reading facility andappreciation of literature. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: SPAN 202.

SPAN 300-3 Spanish Literature in TranslationA study in English of significant contributions to 20thcentury Spanish literature. (Lecture/Tutorial)

SPAN 303-3 Spanish Conversation andCompositionConversation and composition on selected topicswith emphasis on correct spelling, sentence andparagraph structures. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:SPAN 202 or equivalent.

SPAN 304-3 Advanced Spanish Conversation andCompositionContinues the work of SPAN 303 with emphasis onstyle. Reading and analysis of selected texts willserve as the basis for further practice in oral andwritten expression. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:SPAN 303 or equivalent.

SPAN 307-3 Practical Spanish PhoneticsA video assisted course designed to improve oralskills and to provide detailed information aboutphonetic analysis and the sound system of Spanish.(Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisite: SPAN 220 orequivalent; SPAN 303 recommended.

SPAN 349-3 Basic Texts in Hispanic Literature IA study of selected works from the sixteenth to thenineteenth centuries. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:SPAN 240. SPAN 349 is required for Spanish majorsand honors. Students with credit in SPAN 241 maynot take this course for further credit.

SPAN 350-3 Basic Texts in Hispanic Literature IIA survey of important works from the Middle Ages tothe Renaissance. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:SPAN 240.

SPAN 352-3 Texts of the Colonial PeriodA study of selected works in Latin American literaturefrom the times of the ‘Discovery’ to the 19th century.Prerequisite: SPAN 240.

SPAN 353-3 Approaches to Textual AnalysisMethodological introduction to textual analyses, andstudy of theoretical basis. Application to film, mass

media, and literary texts. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: SPAN 220.

SPAN 401-3 Dialectology I: PhonologyAnalysis of the phonological systems of selectedregional varieties of Spanish. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: SPAN 220.

SPAN 402-3 Dialectology II: LexiconA study of major regional varieties of Spanishvocabulary and the influence of other languages onSpanish: neologisms, borrowings, loan-translations,etc. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SPAN 220.Recommended: SPAN 401.

SPAN 411-3 Grammatical Analysis of ModernSpanishThe scientific description of modern Spanishmorphology and syntax. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: SPAN 220.

SPAN 413-4 History of the Spanish LanguageDescription of the historical phonology and grammarof Spanish. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SPAN220.

SPAN 425-4 Teaching Spanish as a SecondLanguageApplication of linguistic principles to the teaching ofSpanish as a second/additional language.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: SPAN 220.

SPAN 445-5 Selected Topics in Modern SpanishLiteratureStudies in either the modern Spanish novel, modernSpanish theatre, or modern Spanish poetry. Studentswill receive advance notice about which topic will betaught in a given term. The modern Spanish novelwill cover the period from the end of nineteenthcentury to the present. Modern Spanish theatre willinclude an introduction to dramatic theory and acritical study of representative works. ModernSpanish poetry will include an introduction to poetictheory and a critical study of modern Spanish poetsfrom the turn of the century to the present. (Seminar)Prerequisite: SPAN 240

SPAN 448-5 Selected Topics in the Golden AgeStudies in either the Spanish theatre of the GoldenAge, or the works of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra.Students will receive advance notice about whichtopic will be taught in a given term. The Spanishtheatre of the Golden Age will introduce students toseventeenth century Spanish thought through thecritical study of major plays. The studies on Miguelde Cervantes will be conducted either by focusing onhis theatre, poetry and fiction, or by concentratingexclusively on his fiction in the context of thenarrative of the period. (Seminar) Prerequisite: SPAN240.

SPAN 456-5 Selected Topics in Modern LatinAmerican NarrativeStudies in either modern Latin American novel, ormodern Latin American short story. Students willreceive advance notice about which topic will betaught in a given term. Modern Latin American novelwill study the major Latin American novelists andnarrative genres of the twentieth century with specialemphasis on current techniques of literary analysis.Modern Latin American short story will study thegenre in the twentieth century through its mostrepresentative authors. (Seminar) Prerequisite:SPAN 240.

SPAN 457-5 Selected Topics in Modern LatinAmerican Poetry and TheatreStudies on either modern Latin American poetry ormodern Latin American theatre. Students will receiveadvance notice about which topic will be taught in agiven term. (Seminar) Prerequisite: SPAN 240.

SPAN 460-3 Special TopicsSPAN 461-3 Directed StudiesPrerequisites: 90 credit hours, including SPAN 220 or240, and permission of the department.

SPAN 465-6 Honors EssayAn honors essay on a topic to be agreed upon by thestudent and a member of faculty. A copy will bepermanently filed with the department. Oncompletion, the essay is to be defended orally in adepartmental seminar. (Independent Study)Prerequisite: permission of the supervisor.

Spanish and Latin AmericanStudiesFaculty of ArtsSLAS 380-0 Practicum IFirst semester of work experience in the Spanish andLatin American Studies Co-operative Educationprogram. Prerequisites: 30 semester hours with aminimum CGPA of 2.75, including recommendedcourses LAS 140, 200 and SPAN 102. Studentsshould apply to the Faculty of Arts co-op co-ordinatorby the end of the second week of the semesterpreceding the employment semester. Not offered.

SLAS 390-0 Practicum IISecond semester of work experience in the Spanishand Latin American Studies Co-operative Educationprogram. Prerequisites: completion of SLAS 380 and45 semester hours with a minimum CGPA of 2.75.Students should apply to the Faculty of Arts co-opco-ordinator by the end of the second week of thesemester preceding the employment semester. Notoffered.

SLAS 480-0 Practicum IIIThird semester of work experience in the Spanishand Latin American Studies Co-operative Educationprogram. Prerequisites: completion of SLAS 390 and60 semester hours with a minimum CGPA of 2.75.Students should apply to the Faculty of Arts co-opco-ordinator by the end of the second week of thesemester preceding the employment semester. Notoffered.

SLAS 490-0 Practicum IVFourth semester of work experience in the Spanishand Latin American Studies Co-operative Educationprogram. Prerequisites: completion of SLAS 480 and75 semester hours with a minimum CGPA of 2.75.Students should apply to the Faculty of Arts co-opco-ordinator by the end of the second week of thesemester preceding the employment semester. Notoffered.

StatisticsFaculty of ScienceSee also courses listed under Actuarial Mathematics(ACMA), Mathematics and Computing Science(MACM) and Mathematics (MATH).

Open Workshop for STAT Courses(see courses marked with † below)

Some introductory and service courses areorganized through the department’s openworkshops. In addition to regularly scheduledlectures, students registered in these courses areencouraged to come to the workshops for assistancewith problems and questions any time during postedworking hours. At the workshop students will havethe opportunity to meet with the co-ordinator, theteaching assistants and other students, and worktogether to understand statistics in a friendly andhelpful environment. Supplementary coursematerials, Macintosh computers and calculators areavailable for student use.

Statistics WorkshopSTAT 101, 203, 270, 301, 302 K9516 (inside K9510)Ms. X.Q. Chen

Beginning Level Requirements in StatisticsStudents considering registering in a statistics coursewho do not have BC high school Math 11 (orequivalent) must see the co-ordinator of the Basic

270 Undergraduate Courses – Women’s Studies

Math Workshop (as described under Mathematics inthe Undergraduate Courses section). These studentsmay take the non-credit basic math course, BasicAlgebra, offered through the Department ofMathematics and Statistics.

Students who are unsure of their level of preparationare strongly encouraged to take the free mathassessment test at the Basic Math Workshop, TLX9505, the Student Academic Resources office (if theworkshop is closed) or Simon Fraser University atHarbour Centre.

Minimum Grade Requirement in Prerequisites forLater STAT CoursesStudents enrolled in courses offered by theDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics must haveobtained a grade of C- or better in prerequisitecourses.

Some experience with a high level programminglanguage is recommended by the beginning of thesecond year.

No student may take, for further credit, any courseoffered by the Department of Mathematics andStatistics which is a prerequisite for a course thestudent has already completed with a grade of C- orhigher, without permission of the department.

Courses marked with an asterisk (*) are intended tobe particularly accessible to students who are notspecializing in Statistics.

*STAT 101-3 Introduction to Statistics†An introductory course in random variables and theirdistributions, estimating and hypothesis testing.(3-0-1†) Prerequisite: BC high school Math 11 (orequivalent) or Basic Algebra. Students with credit forARCH 376, BUEC 232 (formerly 332) or STAT 270(formerly MATH 272 and 371) may not subsequentlyreceive credit for STAT 101-3. Students with creditfor STAT 102, 203 (formerly STAT 103), 301, MATH101 or 102 may not take STAT 101 for further credit.

STAT 203-3 Introduction to Statistics for theSocial SciencesAn introductory course in descriptive and inferentialstatistics aimed at students in the social sciences.Scales of measurement. Descriptive statistics.Measures of association. Hypothesis tests andconfidence intervals. (3-0-1†) Prerequisite: BC Math11 (or equivalent) or Basic Algebra. A researchmethods course such as SA 255, CRIM 120, POL213 or equivalent is recommended. Students inSociology and Anthropology are expected to take SA255 before this course. Students with credit forARCH 376, BUEC 232 (formerly 332), or STAT 270may not subsequently receive credit for this course.Students with credit for any of STAT 101, 102, or 103may not take this course for further credit.

STAT 270-3 Introduction to Probability andStatisticsBasic laws of probability, sample distributions.Introduction to statistical applications. (3-0-1†)Prerequisite: MATH 152 or 155 or 158 must precedeor be taken concurrently. Students with credit forMATH 371 or 272 may not take STAT 270 for furthercredit.

STAT 280-3 Applied Probability ModelsReview of elementary probability models. Conditionalprobability and conditional expectation. Fitting andtesting adequacy of models. Applications toproduction management and quality control.Introduction to simple Markov chains, Poissonprocesses, inventories and queues. Reliabilitymodels including lifetime analysis and circuitconfiguration. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: STAT 270 orMATH 272.

STAT 290-3 Selected Topics in Probability andStatisticsTopics in areas of probability and statistics notcovered in the regular undergraduate curriculum ofthe department. Prerequisite: dependent on the topiccovered.

STAT 301-3 Statistics for the Life Sciences†An introductory course in research methodology andassociated statistical analysis techniques forstudents with training in the life sciences. (3-1-0†)Prerequisites: either the student must have 45semester hours of credit or a minimum of 30semester hours including MATH 152 or 155.Students with credit for STAT 101, 102, 203(formerly 103) or 270 (formerly MATH 272) may nottake STAT 301 for further credit. Mathematics minor,major and honors students may not use this courseto satisfy the required number of semester hours ofupper division mathematics. However, they mayinclude the course to satisfy the total number ofrequired hours of upper division credit.

*STAT 302-3 Analysis of Experimental andObservational Data†The standard techniques of multiple regressionanalysis, analysis of variance, and analysis ofcovariance, and their role in experimental research.(3-0-1†) Prerequisite: STAT 101 (or MATH 101) orSTAT 102 (or MATH 102) or STAT 203 (formerly103) or STAT 270 (or MATH 272 ) or STAT 301 orARCH 376 or BUEC 232 (formerly 332). Studentswith credit for MATH 302 may not take STAT 302 forfurther credit. (Mathematics major and honorsstudents may not use this course to satisfy therequired number of semester hours of upper divisionMathematics. However, they may include the courseto satisfy the total number of required hours of upperdivision credit.)

STAT 330-3 Linear Models in Applied Statistics IStandard statistical inference procedures foranalysing experimental and survey results. Statisticalmodel building. Foundations of experimental design.(3-1-0) Prerequisites: MATH 232 and STAT 270(MATH 272). Students with credit for MATH 372 maynot take STAT 330 for further credit.

STAT 350-3 Linear Models in Applied Statistics IITheory and application of linear regression. Normaldistribution theory. Hypothesis tests and confidenceintervals. Model selection. Model diagnostics.Introduction to weighted least squares andgeneralized linear models. (3-1-0) Prerequisites:STAT 330 and MATH 251.

STAT 380-3 Introduction to Stochastic ProcessesMarkov chains. Random walks. Continuous timeprocesses. Poisson process. Markov processes.Gaussian processes. (3-1-0) Prerequisites: STAT280 and MATH 251. Students with credit for MATH387 may not take STAT 380 for further credit.

STAT 390-3 Selected Topics in Probability andStatisticsTopics in areas of probability and statistics notcovered in the regular undergraduate curriculum ofthe department. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: dependent onthe topic covered.

STAT 402-3 Generalized Linear and NonlinearModellingA skills-oriented unified approach to a broad array ofnon-linear regression modelling methods includingclassical regression, logistic regression, probitanalysis, dilution assay, frequency count analysis,ordinal-type responses, and survival data. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: STAT 302 or STAT 350.

STAT 403-3 Intermediate Sampling andExperimental DesignA practical introduction to useful sampling techniquesand intermediate level experimental designs. (3-0-2)Prerequisite: STAT 302. Students with credit forSTAT 410 or 430 may not take STAT 403 for furthercredit. Mathematics minor, major and honorsstudents may not use this course to satisfy therequired number of semester hours of upper divisionmathematics credit. However, they may include thecourse to satisfy the total number of required hoursof upper division credit.

STAT 410-3 Statistical Analysis of SampleSurveysAn introduction to the major sample survey designsand their mathematical justification. Associatedstatistical analyses. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: STAT 330(or MATH 372) or permission of the instructor.Students with credit for MATH 304 may not takeSTAT 410 for further credit.

STAT 420-3 Non-Parametric StatisticsNon-parametric statistics concerns methods whichdo not involve special assumptions of parentdistributions: tests based on the binomial distribution,contingency tables and chi-squared test; tests for twoor more samples based on ranks and rankcorrelation statistics. (3-0-0) Prerequisite: STAT 330(or MATH 372) or permission of the department.Students with credit for MATH 473 may not takeSTAT 420 for further credit.

STAT 430-3 Statistical Design and Analysis ofExperimentsAn extension of the designs discussed in STAT 330to include more than one blocking variable,incomplete block designs, fractional factorial designs,and response surface methods. (3-1-0) Prerequisite:STAT 350 (or MATH 372). Students with credit forMATH 404 may not take STAT 430 for further credit.

STAT 440-3 Statistical Quality ControlDesign and implementation of control charts andalternatives, process capability analysis, acceptancesampling procedures, system reliability models,hazard analysis, and related economicconsiderations. (3-0-0) Prerequisites: STAT 280 and330 (or MATH 372)

STAT 450-3 Statistical TheoryDistribution theory, methods for constructing tests,estimators, and confidence intervales with specialattention to likelihood methods. Properties of theprocedures including large sample theory. (3-1-0)Prerequisite: STAT 350. Students with credit forMATH 472 may not take STAT 450 for further credit.

STAT 460-3 Decision Analysis and BayesianInferenceReview of marginal and conditional distributions.Prior, posterior, and predictive distributions. Utilities,decision analysis under certainty, decision trees,backward induction. Bayesian estimation andhypothesis testing, comparison with classicalmethods. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: STAT 350. Studentswith credit for MATH 475 may not take STAT 460 forfurther credit.

STAT 490-3 Selected Topics in Probability andStatisticsTopics in areas of probability and statistics notcovered in the regular undergraduate curriculum ofthe department. (3-1-0) Prerequisite: dependent onthe topic covered.

STAT 495-3 Directed Studies in Probability andStatisticsIndependent reading or research on consultation withthe supervising instructor. Prerequisite: writtenpermission of the Department UndergraduateStudies Committee.

Women’s StudiesFaculty of ArtsWS 101-3 Introduction to Women’s Issues inCanadaAn interdisciplinary study of current issues related towomen’s experiences in Canada. The focus will beon women’s interaction with social structures andpublic policy and how these differ for differentwomen’s circumstances. (Lecture/Tutorial) Studentswho have taken WS 100-4 may not take WS 101 forfurther credit.

WS 102-3 Introduction to Western FeminismsAn historical and comparative survey of feminisms in

271Undergraduate Courses – Women’s Studies

the twentieth century in Western Europe and NorthAmerica. (Lecture/Tutorial) Students who have takenWS 100-4 may not take WS 102 for further credit.

WS 200-3 Women in Cross-Cultural PerspectiveThe focus will be on the situation of women in cross-cultural perspective using literary, historical,anthropological and other appropriate sources.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: WS 101 or 102 (maybe taken concurrently).

WS 201-3 Women in Canada 1600-1920Examines the changing nature of female experiencefrom the days of New France to the First World Warthrough the lives of both famous and anonymouswomen. The diaries, memoirs, letters and literaryworks of Canadian women will be a major interest.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: WS 101 or 102 (maybe taken concurrently).

WS 202-3 Women in Canada 1920 to the PresentExamines the range of experience open to Canadianwomen in the twentieth century. The strengths andlimitations of women’s roles will be analysed from ahistorical perspective, using demographic evidence,autobiographies, literature, government documentsand monographs. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: WS101 or 102 (may be taken concurrently).

WS 203-3 Female Roles in Contemporary SocietyAn interdisciplinary study of definitions of self/otheras derived from sexual roles and the psychologicalmechanisms by which such definitions are acquiredand maintained. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: WS101 or 102 (may be taken concurrently).

WS 204-3 Women, Science and TechnologyThis course examines some of the social, politicaland economic consequences for women of thedevelopment of a global system of science andtechnology. A survey of feminist critiques of thissystem will focus on such topics as the place ofscience in education, the evaluation of theappropriateness of technologies, the nature ofevidence, and strategies for empowerment in relationto research and development. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: WS 101 or 102 (may be takenconcurrently); or six credit hours in sciences orapplied sciences.

WS 205-3 Women and Popular CultureA study of images of women as revealed through theanalysis of a variety of media. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: WS 101 or 102 (may be takenconcurrently).

WS 206-3 Issues in Women’s Health and HealthCareA critical examination of women’s relation to thehealth care system in Canada as practitioners, users,researchers and objects of medical treatment andresearch. Among the topics discussed will be themedical model, the privatization of health care, themedicalization of daily life including reproduction,and feminist alternatives to the medical system.(Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: one of WS 101 or 102(may be taken concurrently). Students who havetaken WS 001 may not take WS 206 for furthercredit.

WS 300-5 Special Topics in Women’s StudiesA specific topic within the field of Women’s Studies,not otherwise covered in depth in regularly

scheduled courses, will be dealt with as occasionand demand warrant. (Seminar) Prerequisite: ninecredits in Women's Studies including WS 101 and/or102.

WS 301-3 Special Topics in Women’s StudiesA specific topic within the field of Women’s Studies,not otherwise covered in depth in regularlyscheduled courses, will be dealt with as occasionand demand warrant. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:six credits in Women’s Studies including WS 101and/or 102

WS 302-3 Special Topics in Women’s StudiesA specific topic within the field of Women’s Studies,not otherwise covered in depth in regularlyscheduled courses, will be dealt with as occasionand demand warrant. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite:six credits in Women’s Studies including WS 101and/or 102.


WS 304-3 Women and ReligionThis course examines critical issues of women’srelationships to theology and religious practice inmajor religious traditions. (Lecture/Tutorial)Prerequisite: six credits in Women’s Studiesincluding WS 101 and/or 102.

WS 305-3 Women and UtopiasThis course focuses upon various visions of a betterworld for women. Using historical and fictionalsources, it examines proposals to reorganizesocieties, giving special attention to utopian ideasabout creating equality among all members of thecommunity. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: six creditsin Women’s Studies including WS 101 and/or 102.

WS 306-3 Women’s Autobiographies, Memoirsand JournalsAn examination of women’s autobiographicalwritings, focusing on self-images, self-presentationsand world views. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: sixcredits in Women’s Studies including WS 101 and/or102.

WS 307-3 Women in British ColumbiaSelected topics in the history of women’s experiencein British Columbia, with particular attention towomen’s work, political action, family life andeducation. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: six creditsin Women’s Studies including WS 101 and/or 102.

WS 308-3 Women and WorkThis course explores the nature and conditions ofwomen’s paid and unpaid work. It will include anexamination of theories which explain labour marketdiscrimination; the effect of public policies on work;and the international relationships which affectwomen’s work. Prerequisite: six credits in Women’sStudies including WS 101 or 102. Students who havetaken SA 335 and/or WS 310 under the title Womenand Work may not take this course for further credit.

WS 309-3 Gender and DevelopmentExplores the relationship and the contrast between

women and men in the development process andprovides an analysis of gender policies and planningpractices – local, national and international.Prerequisite: six credit hours in Women’s Studiesincluding WS 101 or 102. Students who have takenWS 301 Special Topic: Women and Development orWS 301 Special Topic: Gender and Developmentmay not take this course for further credit.


WS 311-5 Feminist Psychoanalytic TheoriesThis course examines both the psychoanalytictradition and modern feminist frameworks forpsychoanalytic theory and practice. (Seminar)Prerequisite: nine credits in Women’s Studiesincluding WS 101 and/or 102.

WS 312-5 Women and FilmAn examination of film theory and practice from afeminist perspective. (Seminar) Prerequisite: ninecredits in Women’s Studies including WS 101 and/or102.

WS 313-3 Women and the EnvironmentExamines women’s participation inenvironmentalism. Among the topics discussed willbe the nature/nurture debate, the roots ofenvironmentalism, ecofeminism and reproductiverights. (Lecture/Tutorial) Prerequisite: six credits ofWomen’s Studies including WS 101 and/or WS 102.Students who have taken this course as a Women’sStudies Special Topics course may not register forWS 313.

WS 400-5 Methodological Issues in Women’sStudiesA study and critique of the assumptions of existingdisciplines as they refer to the study of women. Thiscourse is designed as corrective and supplemental tothe various disciplines as they are currently taught.(Lecture/Seminar) Prerequisites: nine credits inWomen’s Studies including WS 101 and 102.

WS 401-5 Research ProjectIndividual or small group studies of communityproblems. The students will submit a prospectus forthe project at least two months before the study isundertaken. The project will be directed by one of thefaculty members of the program. (IndividualResearch) Prerequisite: nine credits in Women’sStudies including WS 101 and/or 102; permission ofinstructor; approval of course proposal by department.

WS 402-2 Directed ReadingsProvides opportunities for individual tuition at anadvanced level. (Individual Tuition) Prerequisite: ninecredits in Women’s Studies including WS 101 and/or102; permission of instructor; approval of courseproposal by department.

WS 403-3 Directed ReadingsProvides opportunities for individual tuition at anadvanced level. (Individual Tuition) Prerequisite: ninecredits in Women’s Studies including WS 101 and/or102; permission of instructor; approval of courseproposal by department.

Documents

250 Undergraduate Courses – Kinesiology250 Undergraduate Courses – Kinesiology instruction, data capture and analysis and real-time control. (Lecture/Laboratory) Prerequisites: