Knowledge Organisers Year 8

Module 12019/20

Art

1.1: Vanishing Point is the point at which things will disappear in the distance. (Image 1) There are other lines which suggest where the vanishing point might be, which are highlighted in red. The height of the trees follow the vanishing point rule too.

1.3:

Perspective the appearance of objects will change depending on how you look at them and the distance from the viewer. A point of view. (Image 3) Birds will be different depending on what angle you view them from. Birds viewed from below will look different to birds viewed from the side.

Year 8 M1&M2 Image 1

1.2: Depth is being able to distinguish between things that are near and far away. Depth can also give the illusion of distance. (Image 2) The birds which are smaller look further away, whilst the birds that are larger look closer.

Image 2Image 3

Think of a point (use a keyword).

What example are you looking at? This would be the drawing by Van

Gogh.

Explain what you mean, using the example you

have given.

Why has the Artist done this?

What is your opinion? Does it inspire you to

make something?

When Writing About an Artist’s Work:

1.4: Tessellation is an arrangement of shapes closely fitted together, especially of polygons in a repeated pattern without gaps or overlapping. (Image 5 & 6)

1.6: Spherical perspective uses the form lines of a sphere to guide the vanishing point lines in curved directions. (Image 4) This often resembles something similar to a ‘fish-eye lense’.

1.5: Two point perspective is different to one point perspective (the vanishing point you have been learning about). Two point perspective is where there is more than one vanishing point in an image (image 3)

Image 3

Image 4

Image 5Image 6

Computer

Science

MS PPT

Excel

MS Word

Step One: Make a new

file

Step Two: Write Your

Code

Step Three:

Run

Step Four: Save

Click OK

Give your program a good name and remember where you save it

Now Carry On Coding

Re-Run your program after every few lines you change.

Every time you run the code IDLE will automatically save your code OVER the old version with that same name.

BEWARE: You will loose the old version. To keep it use “Save As” and give it a new name

12

34

5

Writing a Python Program

Data types

Data Type This indicates how the data will be

stored. The most common data types

are integer, string, and float/real.

Casting code

String A combination of letters, numbers or

characters. (eg, Hello, WR10 1XA)

str(x)

Integer A whole number. (eg. 1, 189) int(x)

Float/Real A decimal number, not a whole

number. (eg. 3.14, -26.9)

float(x)

Boolean 1 of 2 values. (eg. True, False, Yes, No) bool(x)

Char A single character char(x)

Python -> English

print(“hello!”) Prints a value on screen (in this case, hello!)

input(“”) Inputs a value into the computer.

x = input(“”) Inputs a value and stores it into the variable x.

x = int(input(“”)) Inputs a value into x, whilst also making it into an integer.

answer = x + y Saves the result of x and y added together in a variable named answer.

print(str(x)) Prints the variable x, but converts it into a string first.

print(“Hello”, “World”) Prints the two strings concatenated with a space between. This code would

output “Hello World”.

age = 12

print(“Age: ” + str(age))

The + joins together two variables when printing. Str has to be used to cast age

to be a string. This code will output “Age: 12”.

if name == “Fred”: Decides whether the variable ‘name’ ha a value which is equal to ‘Fred’.

else: The other option if the conditions for an if statement are not met (eg. name =

‘Bob’ when it should be Fred)

elif name == “Tim”: elif (short for else if) is for when the first if condition is not met, but you want

to specify another option.

# COMMENT

# is used to make comments in code – any line which starts with a # will be

ignored when the program runs. They are used to describe the code to a

programmer.

for i in range(0,10):

# WRITE CODE HERE

Repeats any code indented after this line a set number of times, in this case, 10.

while x < 10:

# WRITE CODE HERE

Repeats any code indented after this line until a condition is met, in this case x

becoming equal to or greater than 10.

list = [“”,“”] Creates a variable and makes it an array – a list which can store many values.

Comparative operators

== Equal to

!= Not equal to (or different to)

> Greater than

< Less than

>= Greater than or equal to

<= Less than or equal to

Arithmetic operators

Operation Symbol Example Output

Addition + 2 + 10 12

Subtraction - 9 – 6 3

Multiplication * 5 * 4 20

Division / 5 / 2 2.5

Floor Division // 7 // 2 3

Remainder % 7 % 3 1

DT & Engineering

Key Concepts and Global Context: ● Communities: - ● Identities and Relationships:-

Related ConceptsAdaption: - Adaptation involves incorporating ideas found in one product into the development of a new product Form:-

Form concerns the overall shape and configuration of a product. It relates to aspects such as aesthetics, shape , colour and texture. Evaluation:-

In design, evaluation involves the gathering and processing of data to determine an action. Evaluation involved feedback, which can be used to control, revise or modify

Statement of Inquiry: Celebrating ours and others successes is an important way to recognise people that have made a difference in our lives. Sharing with others how they have made an impact in your life can help build relationships and promotes positive well being. The IB learner profile attributes helps us to identify key aspects of ours and other characters helping us to be the very best person we can be.

Knowledge Organiser: Unit 1 Y8 Areas of assessment:

CriteriaB

Developing Ideas

CriteriaC

Creating the solutionSca

n he

re fo

r IB

le

arne

r pro

file

defin

ition

s

Ferrous metalsFerrous metals are metals that consist mostly of iron and small amounts of other elements. Ferrous metals are prone to rusting if exposed to moisture. Ferrous metals can also be picked up by a magnet. The rusting and magnetic properties in ferrous metals are both down due to the iron. Typical ferrous metals include mild steel, cast iron and steelNon-ferrous metalsNon-ferrous metals are metals that do not have any iron in them at all. This means that Non-ferrous metals are not attracted to a magnet and they also do not rust in the same way when exposed to moisture. Typical Non-ferrous metals include copper, aluminium (coke cans), tin and zinc.Metal AlloysAlloys are substances that contain two or more different metals and occasionally other elements. The metals are carefully chosen and mixed to achieve specific properties these include reducing the melting point making the alloy light weight.

Key Questions

1). What are the properties of a non-ferrous metal?2.) What is a metal alloy?3.) What is the main properties of aluminium?4.) What is copper used for?5.) Why is it good to make food cans out of tin?6.) What is dip powder coating?

Command Terms:Annotate - Add brief notes to a diagram or graph.Design -Produce a plan, simulation or model. List - Give a sequence of brief answers with no explanationEvaluate - assess the implications and limitations; to make judgments about the ideas, works, solutions or methods in relation to selected criteria

Key Vocabulary: Metal ruleScribeJunior HacksawCenter punchOdd legged calipers Emery clothLathePillar drillMild Steel

Scan here for useful website link

M1 Classes 8X 8V Y Z

Knowledge Organiser: Unit 1 MECHANICAL TOY

Statement of Inquiry:A local invention can diffuse into a global market through successful and targeted communication.

Command termsAnalysingBreak down to bring out the essential elements or structure. ( To identify parts and relationships, and to interpret information to reach conclusions.)

CreateTo evolve from one’s own thought or imagination, as a work or an invention.

DesignProduce a plan, simulation or model

Key VocabularyMechanicalCamTypes of motionSteel ruleTri-squareCoping sawTenon sawMarking gaugeMalletChiselPillar drillBand facerFinger jointCross halving joint Dowel joint

Criterion: AInquiring and analysing

Areas of Assessment

Criterion: CCreating the solution

Key Concepts and Global Context: ● systems

Related ConceptsInvention An invention is an entirely novel product or feature of a product is uniqueFuncionThe function of a solution refers to what has been designed to do and how effective it is at enabling that action to be performed

Intermittent

OscillationLinear

Rotary

Reciprocating

What types of motion are happening here?

Irregular

Types of motion

Knowledge Organiser: Unit 1 MECHANICAL TOY

Statement of Inquiry:A local invention can diffuse into a global market through successful and targeted communication.

Criterion: AInquiring and analysing

Areas of Assessment

Criterion: CCreating the solution

Key VocabularyMechanicalCamTypes of motionSteel ruletri-squareCoping sawTenon sawMarking gaugeMalletChiselPillar drillBand facerFinger jointCross halving jointDowel joint

Types of wood

SoftwoodPineCedar

Hard woodOakMahoganyCherryAshBirch

Man made boardsMDF Medium Density FiberboardPlyHardboard

Wood joints

Warning

Warning

Mandatory (must do)

Do Not InstructionsHealth & safety signs

Mandatory (must do)

Do notWarning

Instructions

Tool / Machine Name Use / Process

Steel rule For measuring accurately

Tri square For measuring 90° accurately

Tenon Saw Cutting straight lines in wood.

Coping saw For cutting curves in wood

Marking gauge For marking on wood accurately

mallet Use with a chisel

chisel Removes excess or unwanted wood or metal

Tool / Machine Name Use / Process

Pillar dril Form drilling holes in wood or metal

File For filing and smoothing down wood and metal

Hand clamp For holding your work whilst using the pillar drill

Band facer For sanding wood.

English

English Knowledge Organiser: Year 8 Module 1 The Ruby in the Smoke (Word Classes)Statement of Inquiry: Writers use the perspective of different eras to showcase setting and characters.

Global Context: Orientation in space and time: eras

Key Concepts: Perspective

Command terms:DefineDistinguishIdentifyRecallState

Key Vocabulary:NounsVerbsAdjectivesAdverbsConjunctionExclamationPrepositionDeterminer

1.1Nouns are used to identify any of a class of people, places, or things. E.g. Table, chair, man, woman.

1.2Adjectives are a word naming an attribute of a noun. E.g. Round table, Comfortable chair, Tall man, Funny woman.

1.3Verbs are words used to describe an action, state, or occurrence. E.g. Run, walk, fly

1.4Adverbs are words or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, or verb, expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc. E.g. Quickly run, quietly walk, gracefully fly

2.1Exclamation: a sudden cry or remark expressing surprise, strong emotion, or pain. E.g. Stop! Help! Run!

2.2Conjunction: a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause. E.g. And, so, but.

2.3Preposition: a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause. E.g The man ON the platform

2.4 Determiner: a modifying word that determines the kind of reference a noun or noun group has. E.g. a, the, every.

The Ruby in the Smoke: Text type - novel; Author - Philip Pullman; Genre - historical fiction; Setting - Victorian London; Main Characters - Sally, Mrs Holland, Adelaide, Mr Hopkins, Frederick, Mr Berry and Jim; Themes - mystery, violence, relationships, loss.

German

Grammar

Humanities

Module 1: What do people believe in?

Statement of Inquiry:Belief systems provide guidance to people in different ways and can shape personal identity and culture.

Factual:What are the beliefs of the major world religions?What is indigenous belief?What examples are there of non-religious belief?

Conceptual:How does belief change over time?How can identity be shaped by personal belief?

Debatable:To what extent does belief cloud or clarify our judgement?Is it possible to believe in nothing?

IB Learner Profile Attribute: Open-mindedExploring examples of belief that may be different from our own, in order to better understand other perspectives.

Assessment this Module:Criterion A: Knowing and understandingCriterion B: InvestigatingCriterion C: Communicating

Key Vocabularybelief

compassioncovenant

enlightenmentethics

foundedmeditationpilgrimage

prayerprophet

ritualsacrificeworship

Approaches to Learning- Communication skills- Creative-thinking skills- Critical-thinking skills- Information-literacy skills- Transfer skills

Different TheismsA theism relates to relates to different beliefs about the existence of God.

● Polytheism - the belief/worship of more than one god

● Monotheism - the belief/worship of only one God

● Atheism - the belief that there is no god

● Pantheism - the belief that there is a supreme god that forms a part of everything

● Agnosticism - being unsure about the existence of a god

Timeline of Religions (all dates approx)

Common Era / Roman Empire

2000

BC

EH

indu

ism

1500

BC

EJu

dais

m

560

BC

EB

uddh

ism

30 C

EC

hris

tiani

ty

610

CE

Isla

m

1500

CE

Sik

hism

Additional Research: Indigenous TribesPossible examples include Aborigines (Australia), Maori (New Zealand), Tuareg (Sahara region of Africa), Nubians (Egypt and Sudan), Uyghur (West China), Ainu (Japan and parts of Far Eastern Russia), Inuit (Canada) and Achi (Guatemala).

Religion Origins Followers Beliefs Rituals & Practices

Buddhism Founded in the late 6th century BCE by Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha).

488 million The Four Noble Truths and following the Eightfold Noble Path to achieve ‘nirvana’ or enlightenment.

Meditation, generosity and compassion to others.

Christianity Founded around 30 CE by Jesus Christ in modern day Israel.

2 billion One God, Jesus Christ as the Son of God. Jesus was sacrificed to save humans from the sins they commit.

Prayer, worship in church. Celebrate Easter and Christmas. Sunday is the day of rest (Sabbath).

Hinduism Developed in the Indian subcontinent - considered to be one of the earliest religions in the world. Hinduism is a collection of belief systems that gathered together over the years.

900 million Samsara - cycle of birth, life and death.

Trimurti - Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver and Shiva the destroyer.

Yoga, meditation, worship and pilgrimage.

Various dietary laws e.g. many Hindus are vegetarian and nearly all will not eat beef.

Islam Founded on the Arabian peninsula in the 7th century CE by the Prophet Muhammad.

1.3 billion One God (Allah), Muhammad is the messenger of God.Five Pillars of Islam

Five Pillars of Islam including prayer 5 times daily; worship in a mosque.Food and drink should be halal and pork and alcohol are not consumed.

Judaism The Hebrew religion began with a covenant between God and Abraham, who was an early founder of the religion.

14 million One God (Yahweh).Live ethically and with principles. Following the different covenants that are explained in The Torah.

Worship in synagogue. Day of rest from Friday evening to Saturday evening (Shabbat). Eat kosher food.

Maths

Module 1 MYP Mathematics

1.1 Factors and multiples 27, 33

1.2 HCF LCM index notation 32, 35, 102

1.3 Equivalent fractions 59

1.5 Mixed numbers 63, 64

Key Concept: LogicRelated concepts: Quantity and SimplificationGlobal Context: Identities and relationshipsStatement of Inquiry: Using logic to simplify and manipulate quantities can help us explore human connections within families,communities and cultures.

1.4 Adding fractions 65, 66

P.E

Module 1 personal improvement 8

1.1 Fitness testing

● Multi stage fitness test● Cooper run● 1 minute push test● 1 minute sit up test● 30 sprint ● Illinois agility test

1.2 MYP statement of inquiry/ key words. Through personal development, we can positively develop our body systems and functions

● Change ● System ● Function

1.3 Aerobic & Anaerobic exercise The aerobic respiratory system is responsible for producing the majority of our energy while our bodies are at rest or taking part in low-intensity exercise for long periods of time such as jogging or long-distance cycling.

The anaerobic respiratory system supplies energy very quickly for sports such as vaulting in gymnastics or throwing a javelin where the activity only lasts a few seconds.

Can you link more sports to the two different exercise systems?

What training methods to improve them?

1.4 Cardiovascular system The heart is a large muscular pump and is divided into two halves - the right-hand side and the left-hand side.

The right-hand side of the heart is responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

The left-hand side pumps oxygenated blood around the body.

The vena cava is the largest vein in the body. It carries deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle to the lungs.The pulmonary vein returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

What is the most efficient method of training to improve aerobic/anaerobic fitness? Does a long distance athlete only benefit from aerobic training or should their training be mixed?

Science

KEY WORDS

1 Electric charge A property of a material or particle that can be positive or

negative.

2 Atom The smallest particle of an element that can exist. Atoms are

neutral particles.

3 Proton A positively charge particle found in the nucleus of atoms.

4 Neutron A neutral particle found in the nucleus of atoms.

5 Electron A negatively charged particle found in atoms. Electrons move

through a wire when a current flows.

6 Neutral When an object or particle has no overall charge.

7 Electric field A region of space in which a charge object will experience an

electrostatic force.

8 Current The flow of charged particles around a complete circuit.

Measured in Amps (A), charge per second.

9 Ammeter Device for measuring current in a circuit.

10 Cell A chemical store of energy which provides the ‘push’ that moves

charge around a circuit.

11 Battery Two or more electrical cells joined together to provide a bigger

‘push’.

12 Potential difference

A measure of the ‘push’ of a cell or battery, or the energy that

the cell or battery can supply. The difference in energy between

two points in a circuit. Measured in Volts (V).

13 Voltmeter A device used to measure potential difference.

14 Series circuit A circuit in which components are joined in a single loop.

15 Parallel circuit A circuit in which there are two or more paths or branches for

the current.

16 Resistance A measure of how difficult it is for current to flow through a

component. Measured in Ohms (Ω).

17 Conductor A material that conducts charge well, or has a low resistance.

18 Insulator A material that does not conduct electricity, or has a very high

resistance.

KEY FACTS

1 Electric charges can be positive or negative.

2 Electric charges either attract or repel one another.

• Positive charges repel positive charges.

• Negative charges repel negative charges.

• Positive charges attract negative charges.

3 Objects which have more electrons than protons will be negatively charged.

Objects which have more protons than electrons will be positively charged.

4 Electrons can be transferred between objects by friction, leaving one object positive and the other negative.

5 In a series circuit the current is the same at all points.

If you add more components to the circuit the current will get smaller because it

is harder for it to flow, there is more resistance.

A1 = A

2 = A

3

6 In a parallel circuit the current passing through the battery/cell is equal to the

sum of the currents in each branch of the circuit.

A1 = A

4 = A

2 + A

3

7 In a series circuit the potential difference across each component adds up to the

potential difference across the battery.

V1 = V

2 + V

3

8 In a parallel circuit the potential difference across each component is the same as

the potential difference across the battery.

V1 = V

2 = V

3

Year 8 – Electricity

EQUATIONS

1 Ohm’s Law

V=IR V = Potential difference (V)I = Current (A)R = Resistance (Ω)

V1

V2

V3

V1

V3

V2