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2017 Singapore-
CAMBRIDGE
A Level
H2 Math P1
Suggested Answer
Key (9758)
Written and Prepared by Mr Mitch Peh
Preface
Dear JC students in Singapore, Hope you will find this A Level examination solution set useful for your revision.
The answers and comments to this solution set are personally crafted and written by Mr Mitch Peh, an experienced former MOE JC lecturer and tutor in Singapore. Currently, Mr Peh is a full time A Level private tutor, specialising in the teaching of A Level subjects: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Economics at both H1 and H2 Levels. You can find the A Level solutions for the other subjects under the various subject tabs at www.jcpcme.com.
Mr Peh has a proven track record in helping his students achieve success for the A Levels and internal
school examinations including promos, advancement tests to JC2, block tests, mid years and prelims.
Most of Mr Peh’s students achieve “A’s and ‘B’s grades for the A Level examinations. During his stint
teaching at St Andrew’s Junior College, Mr Peh has helped his classes achieve 100% promotion to JC2
on multiple occasions, attain close to 100% “A”s for H1 Project Work, clinch accolades like “Most
Improved Class Award” and “Best Performing Class of the Cohort” for many of the internal school
examinations. Mr Peh also has former students who subsequently went on to pursue H3 subjects and
enroll in prestigious university courses like Dentistry, Medicine and Law.
If you are interested to be coached by Mr Peh for your preparations towards the A Levels, these are 3
more reasons why you should join Mr Peh’s classes:
1. Lessons can be fully customised to your needs
You have the full autonomy to decide the subject(s), content and pace that you want to cover for each
lesson, out of any of the 4 subjects: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics or Economics.
Mr Peh will help to analyse your weaknesses in each individual subject and provide personalised
feedback and suggestions for improvement.
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If you face any difficulty or challenge doing any of your tutorial questions, simply take a screenshot with
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whatsapp him at 9651 7737.
For the solution set below, if you find any discrepancies or you have any feedback or comments, please
kindly direct them to Mr Peh through Whatsapp at 9651 7737.
The question paper has been omitted due to copyright reasons.
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
3
Overall Remarks for 2017 A Level H2 Math Paper 1
Overall, this is a manageable paper with tedious manipulations for some questions where we have to be careful
so that we avoid making unnecessary careless mistakes and lose precious marks.
There is quite a heavy emphasis on differentiation, graphing skills and vectors in this paper so you must
definitely be strong with your Calculus and familiar with the content knowledge in the above topics in order to
perform well. In particular, always remember to check that you have applied chain rule and product rule
correctly during differentiation manipulations. Also, significant amount of marks are allocated to the topics of
integration, complex numbers and sequence and series so you need to be familiar with these topics as well.
o Differentiation: Q3, Q4(i), 5(ii), Q10(iii)
o Graphing Skills: Q2, Q4(ii) and (iii)
o Vectors: Q6, Q10
o Integration: Q7,Q11
o Complex Numbers: Q8
o Sequence and Series: Q9
Students also have to be very comfortable manipulating expressions and equations with variables rather than
concrete values in this paper. This applies particularly to question 6 on the topic of vectors, question 7 on
integration with the use of trigonometric factor formula and question 9(c) on sequence and series. To do so,
strong content knowledge in these topics is definitely a must so that you have the confidence to work through
the intimidating and complicated looking expressions.
In this paper, getting the correct results for the earlier part of the questions are also important. Making careless
mistakes will likely cause us to lose significant amount of marks in the later part of the questions since we will
not have the correct expressions for manipulation. This applies especially to questions 2, 3, 8b, 9, 11.
In terms of O level knowledge, being familiar with techniques like completing the square, using the discriminant
method, solving simultaneous equations are important to answer questions 5, 8 and 9.
In this Paper, the last 2 questions are contextual based questions largely based on the topics of vectors and
differential equations.
Due to the focus of the new H2 Math syllabus on the ability to formulate and solve real world problems
mathematically, you can expect the last 2 questions of future A Level H2 Math Paper 1 to continue to be
contextual questions likely based on topics such as differential equations, vectors, APGP, maximisation and
minimisation problems.
For question 10 testing on 3 dimensional vector geometry, I would strongly encourage students to draw
diagrams in order to visualise the information provided in the question.
For question 11 testing on differential equations, it is important to know how to interpret the information
provided correctly and form the differential equation accordingly as well as knowing how to solve differential
equations with direct integration and method of separable variables.
We should also pay attention to the topics that have not been tested so that we can better prepare ourselves for
Paper 2. A typical A Level H2 Math Paper 2 will have 4 questions on the Pure Math section.
o Topics not tested: APGP, Parametric Equations, Functions, Integration to find area and volume
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
4
2017 A Level 9758 H2 Math P1 Suggested Solution
1. Topic: Maclaurin series expansion using standard series
Using the standard series expansion for ex and ln(1+x), we have:
2 322 4
ln 1 1 2 ... ...2 2 3
xax axx
e ax x ax
2 2 3 3
21 2 2 ... ...2 3
a x a xx x ax
2 2 3 32 2 3 3
22 3
2 2 ...2 3
2 1 24 3
a x a xax ax a x ax
a aax a x a a x
Hence, the value of a for which there is no term in x2 is a =0 or a=4.
Comments
Just be careful when modifying the standard series expansion to suit the context here.
It is alright if you did not factorise a out from the coefficients of x2 and x3.
Do not miss out that a can be 0 as well for which there is no term in x2.
[4]
2. (i) Topic: Graph Sketching
Comments
Always remember that for graph sketching, the stationary points, intercepts with the axes and
asymptotes must always be indicated.
For the intercepts with the axes, we should give in terms of the coordinate form.
Graphical transformation skills is also required here where we should know the general shape of
1y
x and y x graphs. Then translate and scale accordingly to obtain the graphs for this
question.
[2]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
5
(ii) Topic: Solving inequalities by graphical methods
We need to find the x-coordinate of the intersection point between the 2 graphs.
1
b x ax a
2 1
0x ab
1 10x a x a
b b
1 1 or = x a x a
b b
Based on the graph above, we are interested in the intersection point where x>a.
Hence, it occurs when 1
x ab
.
Therefore, for1
b x ax a
, x < a or1
x ab
.
Comments
From the graphs sketched, we should look for the sections where the graph of 1
yx a
is below
the graph of y b x a in order to find the conditions for 1
b x ax a
to hold.
[4]
3 (i) Topic: Implicit Differentiation
Given2 22 5 10 0.....(1)y xy x , differentiate with respect to x,
2 22 5 10 0
2 2 2 10 0
2 2 2 10
y xy x
dy dyy y x x
dx dx
dyy x y x
dx
2 10 5
2 2
dy y x y x
dx y x y x
For stationary points, y=5x
Subst y=5x in (1), 2 2 2
2
25 10 5 10 0
20 10
1
2
x x x
x
x
Hence, the exact x-coordinates of the stationary points of C are 1
2and
1
2 .
[4]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
6
Comments
Always remember to apply chain rule and product rule during the differentiation
The correct x coordinate is needed to obtain the correct answer in (ii).
(ii) Topic: Differentiation on determining whether a stationary point is a maximum or minimum
Using second derivative test,
Given 5dy
y x y xdx
, differentiate with respect to x,
2
21 5.....(2)
dy dy d y dyy x
dx dx dx dx
When x=1
2,
55
2y x , 0
dy
dx
Hence, substituting these values in (2), we have: 2
2
5 15
2 2
d y
dx
2
2
5 20
4
d y
dx
Hence, for the stationary point with x > 0, it is a maximum point.
Comments
It is alright to leave the answer for our second derivative in the unrationalised form 2
2
5
2 2
d y
dx . We will still get the same result that the stationary point is a maximum point.
We should not be using the first derivative test as the use of GC is not allowed here. This is
because we will need to find the value of 1
2x in 3 significant figures with our calculator in
order to know the smaller value and larger value of x to be used in the table.
[3]
4. (i) Topic: Differentiation
Given4 9
2
xy
x
, 2x , multiplying both sides by x+2, we have:
2 4 9xy y x
Differentiating with respect to x,
2 4
2 4
4.....(1)
2
dy dyy x
dx dx
dyx y
dx
dy y
dx x
Substituting 4 9
in (1), 2
xy
x
[3]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
7
2
2
4 94 4 2 4 92
2 2
1
2
xx xdy x
dx x x
x
Since 2
2 0x for , 2x x ,
0dy
dx for , 2x x .
Hence, the gradient of C is negative for all points on C.
Comments
The mathematical manipulations can be slightly tedious here, so just be careful during the
process.
We can also use quotient rule for the differentiation instead of implicit differentiation here.
(ii) Topic: Graphing Techniques
4 2 14 9
2 2
14
2
xxy
x x
x
Hence, the equations of the asymptotes of C are x = -2 and y = 4
Comments
You can also use long division instead of factorisation to obtain the equation of y in similar form,
just more tedious.
I would consider this to be a relatively easy question so you should be getting the correct answer
here.
[3]
(iii) Topic: Graphical Transformation
To transform1
42
yx
on to the graph of 1
yx
,
Replacement in equation to perform Action to perform
Replace x with x-2
14y
x
Translate in the positive x
direction by 2 units
Replace y with y+4
1y
x
Translate in the negative y
direction by 4 units
Hence, the pair of transformations are:
1. Translate in the positive x direction by 2 units
2. Translate in the negative y direction by 4 units
[2]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
8
Comments
You will need to be familiar with topic of graphical transformations to know the replacements in
equation to perform and actions to perform.
Do not misinterpret the question as transforming the graph of 1
yx
on C.
5. (i) Find the values of a, b and c.
Topic: System of linear equations
For3 2x ax bx c ,
When 1,x 1 8a b c
7.....(1)a b c
When 2,x 4 2 8 12a b c
4 2 4.....(2)a b c
When 3,x 9 3 27 25a b c
9 3 2.....(3)a b c
Using GC to solve (1), (2) and (3), we have:
3
2a ,
3
2b and 7c
Comments
We will need to be familiar with the topic of remainder and factor theorem learnt in secondary
school to substitute the relevant values and form the 3 equations accordingly before solving them.
To solve the system of linear equations, we just use our GC, go to “apps”→ “2: Simult equation
solver” and key in the equations.
[4]
(ii) Topic: Differentiation and solving equation
Substituting in the values of a, b and c obtained in (i),
3 23 3( ) 7
2 2f x x x x
2
2
2
3'( ) 3 3
2
33
2
1 3 33
2 2 4
f x x x
x x
x
21 3
32 4
x
Since
21
02
x
for all real values of x,
21 3
'( ) 3 02 4
f x x
for all real values of x.
Hence, the gradient is always positive.
[3]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
9
The equation ( ) 0f x has only one real root because ( )y f x is strictly increasing so it will only
intersect the x axis exactly once.
3 23 3( ) 7 0
2 2f x x x x
Using GC, 1.33(3 . .)x s f
Comments
To show the gradient of the curve is always positive, besides using complete the square method as
shown above, we can also use the discriminant method, showing that the discriminant is less than
0 and the coefficient of x2 is positive. Hence, '( )f x is always greater than 0 for all real values of
x.
As the question did not require us to solve for the exact value of x for which ( ) 0f x , it is alright
to just use our GC and solve the cubic equation and express our answer to 3 significant figures.
(iii) Topic: Inferring the gradient of line value is m given y mx c
For tangent to the curve to be parallel to the line '( ) 2f x ,
2
2
3'( ) 3 3 2
2
13 3 0
2
f x x x
x x
Using GC, 0.145x or 1.15x (3s.f.)
Comments
Easy question which tests secondary school concept
Note that since the question did not require us to find the exact x-coordinates of the points, it is
alright to use our GC again to solve the quadratic equation and express our answers to 3 significant
figures.
[3]
6. (i) Topic: Vectors on geometrical interpretation of vector equation
t r a b is the equation of the line where a is the position vector of a point lying on the line and
is parallel to the vector b
Comments
We should not just say a is a position vector of the line as it may not be clear what that means.
Similarly, we should not simply say that b is the direction vector of the line as it may not be clear
what that means.
[2]
(ii) Topic: Vectors on geometrical interpretation of vector equation
d r n is the equation of the plane which is normal/perpendicular to the constant unit vector n
and d is the perpendicular displacement from origin to the plane.
Comments
Note that we cannot say d is the shortest distance from origin to the plane as d can be a negative
value. |d| is then the shortest distance from origin to the plane since n is a unit vector.
[3]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
10
(iii) Topic: Vectors on finding intersection point between line and plane
Given that 0 b n , this means that the line and plane are not parallel to one another and thus the
line would intersect the plane at exactly one point.
Substituting t r a b in d r n ,
t d a b n
t d a n b n
dt
a n
b n
Substituting d
t
a n
b nin t r a b , we have:
d
a nr a b
b n
This solution is the position vector of the point of intersection between the line t r a b and the
plane d r n .
Comments
The challenge to solving for the intersection point between the line and the plane is that actual
position vector and normal vector are not provided.
We would need to know that we should solve for the value of t and substitute into the line
equation.
[3]
7. (i) Topic: Integration with the use of trigonometric factor formula
Using MF26, we know that 1 1
cos cos 2sin sin2 2
P Q P Q P Q . Hence,
1
sin 2 sin 2 cos 2 2 cos 2 22
mx nxdx mx nx mx nx dx
1 1
cos 2 2 cos 2 22 2
mx nx dx mx nx dx
sin 2 2 sin 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
mx nx mx nxC
m n m n
sin 2 2 sin 2 2
4 4
mx nx mx nxC
m n m n
Comments
A common issue that many students face is not knowing how to make use of the trigonometric
factor formula, transforming the expression in RHS to the expression in LHS.
We should notice that if we add the terms inside the sine functions together,
1 1
2 2P Q P Q P
We should also notice that if we subtract the terms inside the sine functions,
1 1
2 2P Q P Q Q
Hence, we can simply add/minus the terms 2mx and 2nx to transform the trigonometric
expression sin2 sin2mx nx in order to perform the integration.
[3]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
11
Getting the correct result here is important as we need to apply it in (ii) of the question.
(ii) Topic: Integration
2 2 2
0 0sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 2sin 2 sin 2 sin 2mx nx dx mx mx nx nx dx
0
1 cos4 1 cos42sin 2 sin 2
2 2
mx nxmx nxdx
0 0 0
1 11 cos4 1 cos4 2 sin 2 sin 2
2 2mxdx nxdx mx nxdx
0 0 0
sin 2 2 sin 2 21 sin 4 1 sin 42
2 4 2 4 4 4
mx nx mx nxmx nxx x
m n m n m n
1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 02 2
Comments
Before the integration is even done, we need to be careful and watch out especially for the
addition sign in ( ) sin 2 sin 2f x mx nx .
It is not ( ) sin 2 sin 2f x mx nx which is the function in the integral sign for (i).
The manipulation during the integration can be rather complicated due to the presence of many
variables, so we have to be careful and work out slowly to avoid careless mistakes.
We need to be familiar with the use of double angle formulae so that the expressions can be
transformed for suitable integrations to be done.
We also need to be familiar with the sine function i.e. sin 0k where k is an integer in order
to simplify the expressions after substituting 0x and x into them.
[5]
8. (a) Find the roots of the equation 2 1 2 5 5 0z i z i , giving your answers in cartesian form
a+ib.
Topic: Complex Numbers on the use of the quadratic formula to solve for roots of equation
2 1 2 5 5 0z i z i
22 2 4 1 5 5
2 1
i iz
i
2 4 20(2) 2 6
2 1 2 1
iz
i i
1 3 1
1 1
i iz
i i
or
1 3 1
1 1
i iz
i i
1
1 3 32
1 2
i i
i
11 3 3
2
2
i i
i
[3]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
12
Comments
We should be using the quadratic formula to solve the quadratic equation here. Other methods
like comparing coefficients is not appropriate as we would have too many unknowns, making
the solving complicated.
We can check that our rationalised values of z are correct with the GC by keying in 1 3
1
i
i
and
1 3
1
i
i
.
(b)
(i)
Topic: Complex Numbers
Given 1 i
22 1 1 2 1 2i i i
23 1 1 2 1
2 2
i i i i
i
2 2 24 1 1 2
4
i i i
Given that4 3 239 58 0p q ,
Substituting in the values of , 2 ,
3 and 4 ,
4 2 2 39 2 1 58 0p i i q i
4 2 2 39 2 1 58 0
4 2 58 2 78 0
p i i q i
p q p q i
Comparing real parts,
2 54.....(1)p q
Comparing imaginary parts,
2 78......(2)p q
(1)+(2):
4 24 6p p
Subst 6p in (1),
2( 6) 54 66q q
Hence, 6p , 66q
Comments
Even though this question does not allow us to use the calculator, we can still use our GC to
verify the answers we obtained manually in Cartesian form for 2 ,
3 and 4 are correct.
We should be familiar with the method of comparing real parts and imaginary parts to solve for
the values of p and q.
Note that we need to solve for the values of p and q manually but can still check with the help of
our calculator.
We will need to get the values of p and q correct in order to obtain the correct answer for (ii) as
well.
[4]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
13
(ii) Topic: Complex Numbers on expressing polynomial equation as the product of two quadratic
factors
Substituting in the values of p and q obtained in (b)(i),we have: 4 3 26 39 66 58 0
We also know in (b)(i) that 1 i is one of the roots of the polynomial equation.
Since all the coefficients of the polynomial equation are real, by Conjugate Root theorem,
1 i is another root of the polynomial equation.
Hence, we can express the polynomial equation in the following form:
4 3 2 2
2 2
2 2
6 39 66 58 1 1
1 1
2 2
i i a b
a b
a b
By comparing the coefficients of constant,
58 2 29b b
By comparing the coefficients of ,
66 2 2 29 4a a
4 3 2
2 2
6 39 66 58
2 2 4 29
Comments
We need to be able to tell that 1 i is one of the roots of the equation already.
We can use the formula you have learnt in secondary school a2-b2 = (a-b)(a+b) to expand
1 1i i easily.
You can also use long division to obtain the other quadratic factor of 2 4 29 .
[3]
9 (a)
(i)
Topic: Sequence and Series
22
1
2 2
1 1
2
2
n n nu S S An Bn A n B n
An Bn An An A Bn B
An A B
Comments
We have to recall this relationship 1n n nu S S in order to solve this question.
Be careful especially with the expansion of 2
1A n .
Note that we need to get this part of the question right in order to obtain the correct answer for
(ii).
[3]
(ii) Topic: Solving simultaneous equations
10 2 10
19 48.....(1)
u A A B
A B
17 2 17
33 90.....(2)
u A A B
A B
[2]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
14
(2)-(1), 14 42A
3A
Subst A=3 in (1),
19 3 48
9
B
B
Comments
Simple application of solving simultaneous equations that you can do with secondary school
knowledge.
You can also use the GC to solve the simultaneous equations.
(b) Topic: Sequence and series on method of differences
2 22 2 2 2 2 21 1 2 1 2 1r r r r r r r r r r
4 3 2 4 3 22 2r r r r r r 34r (Shown)
2 23 2 2
1 1
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 22 2
11 1
4
1 2 0 1
2 3 1 2
3 4 2 31
4 ...
1 2 1
1 1
n n
r r
r r r r r
n n n n
n n n n
221
14
n n
Comments
A standard question where we have to be familiar with the method of difference to simplify the
series.
Do not forget about the 1
4 that is outside of the bracket after performing the method of
difference.
[4]
(c) Topic: Sequence and series
Let !
r
r
xa
r .
1
1 n!
1 ! 1
n
n
n
n
a x x
a n x n
As n→ꚙ, 01
x
n
[4]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
15
1lim 0 1n
xn
a
a
Thus, by D’Alembert’s ratio test, the series 0 !
r
r
x
r
converges for all real values of x.
From MF26,
0 !
rx
r
xe
r
Comments
This question can appear intimidating for many students due to the sheer amount of information
provided. You would also have to react on the spot on how to make use of the information
provided to show that the series converges.
Besides that, you may also not know how to deduce the sum to infinity of the series.
Note that the sum to infinity is not 0 as 0 is for 1lim n
xn
a
a
instead.
We would have to use MF26 standard series expansion to know the sum to infinity of the series.
10. (i) Topic: Vectors on finding the intersection point between 2 lines
Let the new cable be D.
For the existing cable C,
0 3
: 0 1 ,
0 2
Cl
r
To form the equation of cable D,
5 1 4
7 2 5
1 1
PQ OQ OP
a a
1 4
: 2 5 ,
1 1
Dl
a
r
Equating the 2 lines together,
0 3 1 4
0 1 2 5
0 2 1 1a
[4]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
16
Hence, we can obtain 3 equations:
3 1 4 .....(1)
2 5 ......(2)
2 1 1 .....(3)a
(2) x 3: 3 6 15 ......(4)
Equating (1) and (4) together,
51 4 6 15
11
Subst 5
11 in (2),
5 32 5
11 11
Then, we substitute the values of λ and µ in (3).
3 5
2 1 111 11
6 5 51
11 11 11
5 22
11 11
a
a
a
22 24
5 5a
Comments
The difficulty of this question lies in having the ability to interpret the information provided and
form the required equations of the cables.
We should also be familiar on how to solve a system of linear equations in order to resolve for the
values of λ, µ and a.
(ii) Topic: Vectors on the dot product value of 2 vectors = 0 when the angle between the 2 vectors is
900
0 3
: 0 1 ,
0 2
Cl
r
[4]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
17
For the angle PRQ to be 900, 0RP RQ
1 3 1 3
2 2
1 2 1 2
RP OP OR
5 3 5 3
7 7
3 2 3 2
RQ OQ OR
1 3 5 3
2 7
1 2 3 2
RP RQ
2 2 2
2
5 15 3 9 14 7 2 3 6 2 4
14 35 22
Discriminant = 2
35 4 14 22 7 0
Hence, 214 35 22 is always positive for all real values of x.
Thus, there is no real values of λ for which 0RP RQ
As a result, angle PRQ cannot be 900.
Comments
Drawing a 3D diagram can be helpful in interpreting the information provided in the question.
We can just see PQ as being above existing cable C and point R can be any point on the existing
cable C.
To show that214 35 22 cannot be 0 here, the mathematical manipulation is easier when
we use the discriminant method rather than completing the square method.
(iii) Topic: Minimisation of length problem
Method 1: Using differentiation
From (ii), we have found
3 1
2
2 1
PR
Length of PR = 2 2 2
3 1 2 2 1PR
2 2 29 6 1 4 4 4 4 1
214 14 6
To minimise the length of PR, we can ensure that 2
PR is a minimum.
2
28 14 0d PR
d
Hence, 1
2
[5]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
18
22
228 0
d PR
d
Hence, 1
2 will give us the minimum length of PR.
3 0.5 1.5
0.5 0.5
12 0.5
OR
Thus, the coordinates of R is (1.5,0.5,-1)
Minimum length PR
2 5 10
14 0.5 14 0.5 62 2
units
Method 2: Using Vector Properties
Let the position of the main switching site which lies on cable C be O
For the length of PR to be the shortest, we need 0OR PR
From (ii),
3 1
2
2 1
PR
and
3
2
OR
2 2 2
3 3 1
2 9 3 2 4 2
2 2 1
OR PR
214 7 0
2 1 0
10 or
2
Length of PR = 2 2 2
3 1 2 2 1PR
When 0 , 6PR
When 1
2 ,
10
2PR
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
19
Since 10
6,2
for the length of PR to be the shortest, 1
2
.
Hence, the coordinate of R is (1.5,0.5,-1).
Comments
It is good to understand the difference between the question asked in (ii) and (iii). For (ii), the
question wants to minimise the total length of PR+RQ while for (iii), the question only wants to
minimise the length of PR.
11. (i)
(a)
Topic: Differential equation on forming equation based on information provided
dvc
dt
Comments
Simple interpretation of the statement: The rate of change of velocity, v ms-1, with respect to
time, t seconds, is a constant, c.
[1]
(b) Topic: Solving differential equation
1 dv
c dv c dtdt
v ct d where d is another constant.
Substituting t=0 and v=4, we have d=4
Substituting t=2.5, v=29, we have:
29 2.5 4
10
c
c
Hence, 10 4v t
Comments
Very standard and relatively simple manipulations to solve for the particular solution of a
differential equation
[3]
(ii) Topic: Differential equation on forming equation based on information provided
10dv
kvdt
Dividing by 10 kv throughout,
11
10
dv
kv dt
Hence, 1
110
dv dtkv
11
10
kdv dt
k kv
1
ln 10 kv t Ak
where A is a constant.
ln 10 kv k t A
[5]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
20
10 kt Ak ktkv e Be where AkB e
Substituting t=0 and v=0,
10B
Hence, 10 10 ktkv e
10 10
10 10
kt
kt
kv e
v ek k
Comments
The manipulations here is a little bit more complicated and tedious to obtain the particular
solution of the differential solution as it involves the ln function.
Requires the correct interpretation of the statement: The new rate of change of v is modelled as
the difference between the value of c found in part (i)(b)and an amount proportional to the
velocity, v, with a constant of proportionality, k.
Some students may not know how to proceed to solve 10dv
kvdt
. Incorrect approaches
include adding kv on both sides of the equation, dividing by v throughout.
We can use round brackets in the ln function after integration because 10-kv>0 for all the
possible values that v can be.
For the manipulation to be simpler, the substitution of t=0 and v=0 should be done after getting
rid of the ln function.
We should double check our final expression for v, making sure that it is in terms of k and t only.
(iii) Topic: Forming and solving equations
10 10 ktv ek k
Terminal velocity can be found by letting t→ꚙ
As t→ꚙ, 0kte
Hence, 10
vk
so the terminal velocity is 10
kms-1.
Since the question states that terminal velocity is 40ms-1,
10 140
4k
k
0.2540 40 tv e
To find the time for object to reach 90% of terminal velocity,
0.250.9 40 40 40 te
Dividing by 40 throughout, 0.250.9 1 te
0.25 1
10
te
1 1ln
4 10t
[4]
2017 A Level H2 Math P1 Answers Done by Mr Mitch Peh
21
14ln ln10000 9.21
10t s
(3s.f.)
Hence, the time it takes s for the object to reach 90% of terminal velocity is 9.21s.
Comments
We will need the correct equation of v from (ii) in order to perform the manipulations and
obtain the correct time for the object to reach 90% of its terminal velocity.
In the final answer, t should not just be expressed in terms of k as the value of k can be solved
here.
Even though we have the exact value of t which is ln10000, it is better to leave our answers as
3 significant figures since 9.21s would have more meaning in the real world context.
End of Solutions