IEEE Catalog Number: ISBN:

CFP1209T-PRT 978-1-4673-1898-3

2012 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP 2012)

Vienna, Austria 2 – 7 September 2012

Pages 1-631

1/2

ICLP 2012 Technical Program

Invited Lecture: Laboratory Test Results and Natural Lightning Strike Effects: How Well 1 do they Compare? Andy Plumer, USA

Calculation of interception efficiencies for Mesh-Type air terminations according to IEC 18 62305-3 using a dynamic Electro-Geometric model A. Kern, Ch. Schelthoff, M. Mathieu

Research on Shielding Failure of UHVDC Based on Leader Progression Model 24 Geng Yinan, Zhuang Chijie

10 kA distribution arresters: The adequate choice for medium voltage networks 31E. T. Wanderley Neto, M. L. B. Martinez, A. M. M.Diniz, G. J. G. dos Santos, B. N. Campos

The Electric Field Of Negative Upward Lightning Strikes At The Peissenberg Tower, 36Germany M. Manhardt, F. Heidler, K. Stimper

Effectiveness of Interconnection of Wind Turbine Grounding Influenced by 45 Interconnection Wire Md. Raju Ahmed, Masaru Ishii

Lightning Casualties and Damages in China from 1997 to 2010 51Yijun Zhang, Wenjuan Zhang, Qing Meng

Study on the soundness of SPD devices using data of Japanese Lightning Detection 56Network Michihiro Matsui, Shigeru Yokoyama, Koji Michishita, Masaaki Sato, Hidetoshi Ito

Application of lightning detection in smart grid dynamic protection 61 Chong Tong, Yuan Gao, Minguang Tong, Jingru Li, Qin Wang, Kai Chen

Dynamic lightning protection of smart grid transmission system 74 Chong Tong, Yuan Gao, Minguang Tong, Junping Luo, Lingyu Zhang

Observation of Compact Intracloud Discharges Using VHF Broadband Interferometer 84 Wansheng Dong, Hengyi Liu

The Effect of Corona Space Charge Produced at Ground Level on Lightning Attachment 89 to Tall Structures E.M. Bazelyan, Yu.P. Raizer, N.L. Aleksandrov

Computational Model of Grounding Systems 94Moussa. Lefouili, Zoubida Belli, Kamal Kerroum, El Khamlichi. Drissi K.

Modeling of composite materials and their replacement by homogeneous materials 99Jana Jilková, Jiří Veselý, Libor Dražan

Impact of Wind Turbine Blade Rotation on the Lightning Strike Incidence 104 Branko M. Radičević, Milan S. Savić, Ion Badea

A Design of Unbalanced Insulation to Improve the Lightning Performance of Mulit- 113circuit Transmission Lines Zhen Li, Zhanqing Yu, Xi Wang, Jinliang He

Research on Influence of Soil Water Content on Soil Resistivity 117Li Liangfu, Qin Binquan

Recent Studies of Lightning Safety and Demographics 124Ronald L. Holle

Lightning-caused Deaths and Injuries in the Vicinity of Trees 137Ronald L. Holle

Lightning activity in Belgium during 2001-2011 145 D.R. Poelman, L. Delobbe, M. Crabbé, C. Bouquegneau

Lightning Effects on Interconnected Ground Installations : Hybrid 3D-1D Numerical 150Approach in Time Domain N. MUOT, C. Girard, E. Bachelier and X. Ferriéres

On the Role of Transformer Grounding and Low-Voltage Surge Arresters on Protecting 156Loads in Complex Distribution Networks Alberto De Conti, Fernando H. Silveira, Silvério Visacro

Impulsive Voltages Induced into Internal Cabling of Buildings Hit by Lightning 163 Antonio Roberto Panicali, Celio Fonseca Barbosa

Lightning Induced Voltage on an Aerial Wire Above Two-Layer Ground 168José Osvaldo Paulino, Wallace do Couto Boaventura, Celio Fonseca Barbosa

Monitoring, Diagnosis and Safety-Related Functions for Surge Protective Devices for the 173 Use in MCR Applications G. Finis, S. Pförtner, T. Meyer, A. Siegel

Computation of the Horizontal Electric Field due to Lightning in the Air-Ground Interface 180of a Multilayered Stratified Ground using PSpice José Osvaldo Paulino, Wallace do Couto Boaventura, Celio Fonseca Barbosa

The protected space proved to be an undefined term 185Tibor Horvath

Estimation of interception efficiency using the probability modulated attraction volume 192Tibor Horvath

Concept of standardizing the lightning protection of Structures 200 Tibor Horvath

Qualification-Testing of Lightning Current Arresters used in DC Power Supply and 207Photovoltaic Systems G. Finis, M. Wetter, F. Schäfer, A. Claudi

Shielding properties of conductive shells exposed to electromagnetic impulse of 215lightning Oleksii Skoblikov, Volodymyr Kniaziev

Improvement of grounding system of DC traction substation in railway power supply 223 system Hitoshi Hayashiya, Norio Koguchi, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Takashi Ozaki, Takashi Sakurai, Rikiya Inoue

Performance of Surge Arresters in a Low Voltage Distribution System 229Chryssa Nasiopoulou, Eleftheria Pyrgioti

Overvoltage and Surge Protection in DC-Systems 235 J. Birkl, P. Zahlmann

Lightning Accidents In Uganda 243 Ahurra Kulyaka Mary, Chandima Gomes

Modelling of metal oxide surge arresters as elements of overvoltage protection systems 249Saad Dau

Research on The Characteristics of Upward Leader Emerging From The Transmission 254Lines Influenced by Operation Voltage Yongli LIAO, Lei JIA, Zhizhao LI, Rong ZENG, She CHEN

Analytical Investigation on OPGW Strands Melting due to DC Arc Discharge Simulating 258 Lightning Strike Mikimasa Iwata, Toshiya Ohtaka, Yasukuni Kuzuma and Yutaka Goda

Research On Lightning Sparks Discharge and Protection Measures of Large Floating 263Roof Tank HU Hai-yan, LIU Quan-zhen

Electric Field of a Relativistic Electron Avalanche 267Vernon Cooray, Gerald Cooray, Thomas Marshall, Joseph Dwyer and Shahab Arabshahi

Electric Field of the Return Stroke Channel 272V. Cooray

Case Studies of Lightning Related Injuries and Property Damage in Zambia 276F. Ch. Lubasi, M. Zainal A. Ab Kadir, Ch. Gomes, M. A. Cooper

Study of Single-Flash Thunderstorms over Wind Farms in the Basque Country 281Javier López, Iñigo Hernáez, Joan Montanyà

Current distribution and electric field inside a gasometer due to direct lightning 286Jürgen Plesch, Stephan Pack, Kurt Preis, Gerd Fritscher

Shielding Design Study for a Large Plant Using a 3-D Graphics-Based Lightning 292Interception Surface Rendering and Intersection Method Stéphane Baron, Robert Southey, Qizhang Xie, Simon Fortin and Farid P. Dawalibi

Investigation of Bipolar Block Emergency in UHVDC Convertor Station Caused by 297Lightning Stroke Xiao Zhang, Zhanqing Yu, Jinliang He, Bin Luo, Hansheng Cai, Xipeng Chen

Transient Grounding Characteristics of Wind Turbines 301Kazuo Yamamoto, Shunichi Yanagawa

Lightning Protection of Tall Structures 306Drabkin M.M., Mui C.Y.A., Ong Lai Mun

Simultaneous Measurement of Return-Stroke Current and E-Field Waveforms at 312Souththern Kyushu in Japan Hidehiro Nakata, Fumihiro Kinoshita, Koji Michishita

On The Influence of Inclined Lightning Channel on Lightning Induced Voltage Evaluation 317N. Rameli, M. Z. A. Ab Kadir, M. Izadi, C. Gomes, J. Jasni

Improved Algorithm for Evaluation of Lightning Current using Measured Field at Far 322 Distances from Lightning Channel M. Izadi1, M. Z. A Ab Kadir, C. Gomes, V. Cooray

Analytical Fields Expressions due to Lightning Channel considering Variation of Return 326Stroke Velocities along the Lightning Channel M. Izadi1, M. Z. A Ab Kadir, C. Gomes, V. Cooray

Overvoltages in Photovoltaic Systems Induced by Lightning Strikes 331 Z. Benesova, R. Haller, J. Birkl, P. Zahlmann

The Lightning Risk Evaluation for Railway Signalling Systems based on Observation of 337 Lightning Overvoltages Hideki Arai, Yuto Ono, Hiroyuki Fujita

Denoising of Lightning Electric Field Signals Using Fractional Fourier Transform 342Herbert Rojas, Camilo Cortes, Francisco Santamaria

Self-consistent Leader Inception and Propagation Model –SLIM–: Response to Some 351 Criticism Marley Becerra

Public lightning protection behavior in Central Europe – mission accomplished? 358Alexander G. Keul

Analysis And Exploration For Vulnerability Regionalization And Grey Relevancy 361Between Factors Of Lightning Disaster In Recent Year In Chongqing Luo Fang, Qin Binquan

Lightning Related Fish Mortality: Case Study From Bangladesh 366Chandima Gomes, Munir Ahmed, Diana Žele

Continuing Current Intensity in Positive Ground Flashes 371Carina Schumann and Marcelo M.F. Saba

Striking Distance Calculation for Flat Ground and Lightning Rod by a 3D Self-Organized 376Leader Propagation Model Yazhong Xu, Mingli Chen

Multi Ground Termination Upward Flash in Winter Lightning at the Coastal Area of the 381 Sea of Japan Megumu Miki, Toru Miki, Takatoshi Shindo, Nobuyuki Honjo, Yukihito Asuka

On the Use of the Time Reversal of Electromagnetic Fields to Locate Lightning 389Discharges Gaspard Lugrin, Nicolas Mora, Farhad Rachidi, Marcos Rubinstein, Gerhard Diendorfer

Luminosity Characteristics of Initial Continuous Current Pulses in Upward Lightning 393Flashes Megumu Miki, Toru Miki, Takatoshi Shindo

Distribution of Real Lightning Strokes and their Influence on Test Procedures for 400Isolated LPS Ralph Brocke, Ottmar Beierl

Leader Progression Model Application for Calculation of Lightning Critical Flashover 407Voltage of Overhead Transmission Line Insulators Dalibor Filipovic-Grcic, Božidar Filipovic-Grcic, Danijel Brezak, Ivo Uglešic, Amir Tokic

Screening Effects on Branched Upward Leaders 415Lothar H. Ruhnke

An Experimental Study of Sparkover between a Rod and a Photovoltaic Panel 420Shozo Sekioka

Study of Time Correlation Between Lightning Data Recorded by LLS and Relay 425 Protection Ivo Uglešić, Viktor Milardić, Bojan Franc, Silvia Piliškić

Surge Behavior at the Discontinuity of A Vertical Line Over the Ground 430 Xinghua Wang, Y. Du and Mingli Chen, Xiaohong Huang

Some Characteristics of Positive and Bipolar Lightning Flashes Recorded on the Säntis 435Tower in 2010 and 2011 Carlos Romero, Marcos Rubinstein, Farhad Rachidi, Mario Paolone, Vladimir A. Rakov, Davide Pavanello

A Statistical Analysis on the Risetime of Lightning Current Pulses in Negative Upward 440Flashes Measured at Säntis Tower Carlos Romero, Mario Paolone, Farhad Rachidi, Marcos Rubinstein, Davide Pavanello, Dave V. Giri

Investigations of Earth Termination Systems With Respect to Optimised Step Voltages 445S. Suchanek, V. Hinrichsen, R. Brocke, K.-P. Müller

Frequency Dependence of Soil Parameters: The Influence on the Lightning Performance 452of Transmission Lines Silvério Visacro, Fernando H. Silveira, Sillas Xavier, Henrique B. Ferreira

Assessing the Impact of Subsequent Strokes on the Lightning Performance of 456Transmission Lines of 138 kV Fernando H. Silveira, Silvério Visacro, Ronaldo E. de Souza, Alberto De Conti

Fire losses and human accidents caused by lightning – an Austrian overview 461M. Kompacher, G. Kindermann, S. Pack

Influence of Different Multilayer Soil Models on Grounding System Resistance 466Grzegorz Karnas, Grzegorz Maslowski, Robert Ziemba, Stanislaw Wyderka

Performance of Backfill Materials Under Impulse and AC Testing 470 V.Laverde, M.Z.A. Ab Kadir, C.Gomes

Using of artificial clouds of charged water aerosol for investigations of physics of 477lightning and lightning protection

Temnikov A.G.

Investigation of compacted and extended objects lightning protection effectiveness on 490models using artificial clouds of charged water aerosol Temnikov A.G., Chernensky L.L., Orlov A.V., Sokolova M.V., Gerastenok T.K., Belova O.S.

On the Mechanism of Current Cutoff in Lightning Flashes 500Vladislav Mazur, Lothar H. Ruhnke

Approximate Formula for Surface V–t Characteristics of 6.6-kV Distribution Insulator 508Satoshi Matsumoto, Tomoyuki Sato, Hideki Honda, Shigeru Yokoyama

High Speed Optical Observation on Initiation Process of Lightning Return Strokes 513D. Wang, N. Takagi, D. Hill, W. Gamerota, D.M. Jordan, and M.A. Uman

Overvoltage Protection in Wind Power Farms 519Bernhard Richter, Erko Lepa

Surge Arresters Models For Fast Transients 524Georgios D. Peppas, Ioannis A. Naxakis, Christos T. Vitsas, Eleytheria C. Pyrgioti

Impedance Property of Lightning Impulse Discharge in Short Composite Gap Consisting 530of Air and Water Daisuke Okano

Fiber-Optic Sensor for Aircraft Lightning Current Measurement 535 Truong X. Nguyen, Jay J. Ely, George G.Szatkowski, Carlos T. Mata and Angel G. Mata

Whether the medical aspects of lightning injury are different in developing countries 542Mary Ann Cooper

Lightning safety campaigns - USA experience 548Mary Ann Cooper, Ronald. L. Holle

Contribution to the Study of Human Safety Against Lightning Considering the Grounding 555System Influence and the Variations of the Associated Parameters D. S. Gazzana, A. S. Bretas, M. Telló, D. W. P. Thomas, Ch. Christopoulos

Improvement of an Overhead Distribution Feeder Performance Against Lightning 560 Considering the Wire-Guard Protection Roberto J. Cabral, Daniel S. Gazzana, Roberto C., Leborgne, Arturo S. Bretas, Guilherme A. D. Dias, Marcos Telló

Geographical variations of negative cloud-to-ground lightning parameters: a review 565Osmar Pinto Jr., Iara R. C. A. Pinto and Kleber P. Naccarato

Ambiguity Of Grounding Specifications: IEC 62305 Revisited 571Siow Chun Lim, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir, Chandima Gomes, Jasronita Jasni

Lightning detection in Southeastern Brazil from the new Brazilian Total Lightning 577 Network (BrasilDAT) Kleber P. Naccarato and Osmar Pinto Jr.

FDTD Simulation of Grounding Electrodes Considering Soil Ionization 585Ken Otani, Yuki Shiraki, Yoshihiro Baba, Naoto Nagaoka, Akihiro Ametani, Naoki Itamoto

Preliminary Results of the Performance of Grounding Electrodes Encased in Bentonite- 591Mixed Concrete Siow Chun Lim, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir, Chandima Gomes, Sani Dahiru Buba

Impact of Coupling Ground Wire on Lightning Protection Effect of Multi-circuit Tower 596Xi Wang, Zhen Li, Jinliang He

Measurement of Lightning Currents at TOKYO SKYTREE® and Observation of 602 Electromagnetic Radiation Caused by Strikes to the Tower Toru Miki, Takatoshi Shindo, Akira Asakawa, Hideki Motoyama, Yusuke Suzuhigashi, Kazuya Fukuda, Masaru Ishii, Masaaki Chihara

Threats of Lightning Current through an Electric Vehicle 607Jun Kanata, Akihiro Ametani, Kazuo Yamamoto

A Testing Research on the Effect of Conductive Backfill on Reducing grounding 613 Resistance under Lightning Wentang Hu, Shaofeng Yu, Rui Cheng, Jinliang He

Optimal Position for Driven Rod of Combined Vertical and Horizontal Grounding 617Electrodes under Lightning Jinpeng Wu, Bo Zhang, Jinliang He, Shaofeng Yu

Surge Withstand Performance of MCB used as Backup Overcurrent Protection of SPD 622 Qibin Zhou, Yang Zhao, Wei Sun

Development of the lightning measure technique and applications using lightning 626electromagnetic impulse simulator Teruo Idogawa, Yuichi Takahashi, KanameYonezawa, Masaaki Sato, Hajime Uchida, Nobusato Kobayashi, Tetsuo Endo

A Frequency Dependent Circuit Model of A Wind Turbine Tower Using Transient 632 Response Calculeted by FDTD Yoki Ikeda, Naoto Nagaoka, Yoshihiro Baba, Akihiro Ametani

On the Possible Variation of the Lightning Striking Distance as Defined in the IEC 638Lightning Protection Standard as a Function of Structure Height Vernon Cooray, Carlo Alberto Nucci, Farhad Rachidi

A Study on a Preventive System of Wire Break triggered by Direct Lightning Strokes on 643 to DC Railway Feeding Systems Hiroaki Morimoto, Tsurugi Yoshii, Jiro Makimoto, Hiroshi Yoshizumi, Atsushi Nishiwaki, Hitoshi Hayashiya

On the electric and magnetic fields below a single conductor overhead power line 648Vernon Cooray, Gerald Cooray

Site Errors Estimation and Correction for MDF/TOA Combined Lightning Location 652 Network Tao LU, Mingli CHEN and Yaping DU

Lightning Protection of the Electrical Systems of WTG: Evaluation Considerations 657 Related to the Application of SPDs A.N. Hansen, H.V. Erichsen, Z.G. Politis

Study of the Effect of Propagation Path on Lightning produced 663Electromagnetic Pulses based on LLN Data Xueyun DING, Mingli CHEN and Yaping DU

Flashover Rate of Medium-Voltage Line Estimated with Lightning Parameters in JAPAN 669Koji Michishita, Ryota Sakai, Shigeru Yokoyama, Hidehiro Nakata

Regional Variation of Negative Lightning Flash Density and Charge Transfer in Southern 675Kyushu Koji Michishita, Hiroaki Sato, Shigeru Yokoyama, Hidehiro Nakata

Distribution Properties of Lightning Surge Current Induced from Earth Electrodes in 681 Household Wiring Shinji Yasui, Masataka Niwa, Taisuke Okumura

Analysis of Earth Resistance of Electrodes and Soil Resistivity at Different Environments 686Lee Weng Choun, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir, Chandima Gomes, Wan Fatinhamamah Wan Ahmad

Upper Electrode Design for Scale Model Experiment of Upward Leader Inception from 695 UHV Transmission Lines Zhengcai Fu, Anfeng Jiang

Public Perceptions and Lightning Safety Education in Sri Lanka 699K P S Chandana Jayaratne, Chandima Gomes

Some Computational Aspects of Using Current and Voltage Sources in Electromagnetic 706 Models of Lightning Return Strokes Damir Cavka, Dragan Poljak, Vicko Doric, Siniša Antonijevic

On the Validity of the Cooray Formula for the Evaluation of the Underground Horizontal 711Electric Fields of Lightning Mojtaba Khosravi-Farsani, Rozbeh Moini, S.H. Hesam Sadeghi, Farhad Rachidi

Transient voltage response of ground electrodes in the time-domain 717José Osvaldo Saldanha Paulino, Wallace do Couto Boaventura, Alexander Barros Lima, Maurissone Ferreira Guimarães

Lightning Risk Assessment Tool, Implementation of the IEC 62305-2 Standard on 723 Lightning Protection Carlos T. Mata, Tatiana Bonilla

Summary of 2011 Direct and Nearby Lightning Strikes to Launch Complex 39B, Kennedy 731 Space Center, Florida C.T. Mata, A. G. Mata

Evaluation of the Performance Characteristics of CGLSS II and U.S. NLDN Using Ground- 740Truth Data From Launch Complex 39B, Kennedy Space Center, Florida C.T. Mata, A.G. Mata, A. Nag, V.A. Rakov, J. Saul

Calculating the Lightning Protection System Downconductors’ Grounding Resistance at 750Launch Complex 39B, Kennedy Space Center, Florida C.T. Mata, A. G. Mata

Future Expansion of the Lightning Surveillance System at the Kennedy Space Center and 756the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, USA Carlos T. Mata, Jennifer G. Wilson

Lightning strokes forming hot spots observed by LLS in Winter in Japan 760Mikihisa SAITO, Masaru ISHII, Akiko SUGITA, Daisuke NATUNO

High Resolution Lightning Density Maps to Study Elevation Effects at Microscale 765Vandoir Bourscheidt, Osmar Pinto Jr., Kleber P. Naccarato

Grounding Resistance of Grounding Electrode Using Carbon Plate Made of Woody 770 Material Hirotaka Shimizu, Nobuhiro Watanabe

A Simplified Method for Calculating the Tower Grounding Impedance by Means of 774Pspice Alexander Barros Lima, José Osvaldo Saldanha Paulino, Wallace do Couto Boaventura, Maurissone Ferreira Guimarães

Two Unprecedented Experiments to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Lightning Protection 778Systems Franco D’Alessandro

A study on Overvoltages in Wind Tower due to Direct Lightning Stroke 783Shozo Sekioka, Hitomi Otoguro, Toshihisa Funabashi

Assessing Events of Upward Lightning Measured At Morro do Cachimbo Station 789Listz S. Araujo, Miguel B. Guimarães, Adriana G. Pedrosa, Maria H. Murta Vale, Silverio Visacro

Clarification of the mechanism of wind turbine blade damage taking lightning 793characteristics into consideration and relevant research project Shigeru Yokoyama, Yoh Yasuda, Masayuki Minowa , Shozo Sekioka, Kazuo Yamamoto,Nobuyuki Honjo , Tomoyuki Sato

Impulse Response of Grounding Grids: Experimental versus Simulated Results 799 M. Guimarães N., L. Araujo, R. V. Castro, L. F. D. Santos, M. H. Murta Vale, S. Visacro

Current Distribution and Transient Magnetic Fields in an Observatory of TOKYO 803 SKYTREE Kazuo Yamamoto, Kenta Fujimoto, Akihiro Ametani, Kazuyoshi Sakai, Akira Higano, Kaoru Watanabe

Responce Characteristics of Diode Gas Dicharge Tubes 809 Yuta Naito, Tomoki Kawabata, Shunichi Yanagawa, Kazuo Yamamoto

Recent Statistics on Lightning Fatalities in Malaysia 813M. Z. A. Ab Kadir, N. R. Misbah, C. Gomes, J. Jasni, W. F. Wan Ahmad, M. K. Hassan

Electric field waveforms of M components in negative and positive ground flashes 818 Leandro Z. S. Campos, Marcelo M. F. Saba

Improved design of modal filter for electronics protection 822Т. R. Gazizov, A. M. Zabolotsky, A. O. Melkozerov, E. S. Dolganov, P. E. Orlov

Leader process in 3D observed by VLF/LF broadband interferometer 826Yuji Takayanagi, Manabu Akita, Yoshitaka Nakamura, Satoru Yoshida, Takeshi Morimoto, Tomoo Ushio, Zen Kawasaki

Lightning current measurement on industrial sites 834 A. Xémard, T. Sadovic, S. Sadovic, A. Zeddam, S. Person, M. Mesić, A. Guerrier

Distribution of Charge along the Tower and Lightning Channel when Lightning Strikes a 838Tall Tower Helin Zhou, Rajeev Thottappillil, Gerhard Diendorfer

Using 20 years of lightning data in ground flash density statistics in France 843Stéphane Pédeboy

Frequency Characteristics of Supplying Transformer and Electrical Appliances of 852Residential Building in Modeling of Lightning Current Distribution Stanislaw Wyderka, Grzegorz Maslowski, Robert Ziemba, Grzegorz Karnas

Lightning Attachment to Power Transmission Lines 857Vernon Cooray, Takatoshi Shindo

Effect of Transformer Winding on the Transient Response of Power Transformer 861Bushings Roya Nikjoo, Hans Edin

Analysis of Lightning Impacts in Greece 866 Georgios D. Peppas, Konstantinos I. Bekas, Ioannis A. Naxakis, Eleftheria C. Pyrgioti, Vasilios P. Charalampakos

Dielectric Strength Measurements in Photovoltaic Modules 871 Ioannis A. Naxakis, Georgios D. Peppas, Eleftheria C. Pyrgioti

A Study of Lightning Protection for Wind Turbine Blade by Using Creeping Discharge 877Characteristics Masayuki Minowa, Shin Ichi Sumi, Koichi Ito, Kenji Horii

Critical Electric Field Needed for the Propagation of Surface Discharges on Water 881Mahesh Edirisinghe, Athalanka Liyanage, Vernon Cooray

The Influence of the Breakdown Electric Field in the Lightning Corona Sheath on the 887 Dynamics of the Return Stroke Cvetic J., Radosavljevic A., Djuric R., Ponjavic M., Sumarac D., Trifkovic Z., Heidler F.

Basic Features of Current Induced/Shared by Cables Mounted on Down 891 Conductors/Towers During Stroke Interception Udaya Kumar, Govind Rao Kunkolienker

Analysis of power dissipation in resistive terminations of single- and multistage modal 896 filters Т. R. Gazizov, A. M. Zabolotsky, A. O. Melkozerov, E. S. Dolganov, P. E. Orlov

How the Frequency Dependence of Soil Parameters Affects the Lightning Response of 900Grounding Electrodes Rafael Alipio, Silverio Visacro

Measurement of Bit Error Rate at 2.4 GHz Due to Lightning Interference 904M. R. Ahmad, M. R. M. Esa, M. Rahman, V. Cooray, M. R. Ahmad

Performance of Ground Enhancing Compounds During the Year 908V. P. Androvitsaneas, I. F. Gonos, I. A. Stathopulos

The Forensic Investigation of Fatal Lightning Strike Victims Reconsidered and Revised 913Ryan Blumenthal

Lightning Protection of SOYUZ and VEGA launching pads 918E.Bachelier, F.Issac, L.Guibert, W.Quenum, V. Enjablert, L. Mohedano

Optical Observation of One Natural Downward Lightning Stroke 924 Nianwen Xiang, Shanqiang Gu , Jiahong Chen, Weijiang Chen

Observation of 3m Rod-rod Discharges Under Switching Impulse Voltage 928Shanqiang Gu , Nianwen Xiang, Jiahong Chen, Hengxin He, Shi-jun Xie, Weijiang Chen

Influence of the Lightning Triggering Rocket Wire and its Corona on the Electric Field at 932 Ground Level Alexander Smorgonskiy, Eda Egüz, Farhad Rachidi, Marcos Rubinstein, Vernon Cooray

An ATP-EMTP Monte Carlo Procedure for Backflashover Rate Evaluation 936F.M. Gatta, A. Geri, S. Lauria, M. Maccioni, A. Santarpia

Influence of Non Flat Terrain on Lightning Induced Voltages in Distribution Networks 942Edison Soto, Camilo Younes, Ernesto Pérez

Experimental Investigation of High Frequency and Transient Performance of Earth Rod 947Systems S. Mousa, H. Griffiths, N. Harid, A. Haddad

Corona Charge Produced By Thundercloud Fields In Grounded Rods 952 Liliana Arevalo, Vernon Cooray

Risk assessment of photovoltaic installations, due to lightning, according to IEC 62305 – 9582nd Edition Giovanni Luca Amicucci, Fabio Fiamingo, Tomasz Kisielewicz

An experimental approach of the effects of lightning currents on rotor blade tips of 964wind turbines Yarú Méndez Hernández, Klaus Stimper, Wolfgang Zischank, Bastian Lewke

Number of lightning to earth in Italy 972Marina Bernardi, Riccardo Tommasini

Reduction and mastering of electromagnetic field due to lightning in a structure 977 Michael TROUBAT, Fabien BARRIERE, Emmanuel PERRIN

Research of 3-D Exterior Boundary Problems Related to Electric Fields in Atmosphere by 981Inversion Method T.A. Potapenko, E.A. Kanunnikova, A.N. Potapenko

Comparison of Circuit Models for the Simulation of Soil Ionization 986E. P. Nicolopoulou, F. E. Asimakopoulou, I. F. Gonos, I. A. Stathopulos

Total Lightning Observations to Wind Turbines 992J. Montanyà, O. van der Velde, D., Romero, V. March, G. Solà, Nicolau Pineda, Blas Hermoso, Vicente Senosiain

Two upward lightning at the Eagle Nest tower 996J. Montanyà, O. van der Velde, D. Romero, V.March, G. Solà, Nicolau Pineda, Serge Soula, Blas Hermoso

Lightning Attachment to Wind Turbine Surfaces Affected by Internal Blade Conditions 1000Anna Candela Garolera, Joachim Holboell, Søren Find Madsen

X-rays from laboratory sparks in air: the relationship between runaway electrons and 1007the electric field Víctor March, Joan Montanyà, David Romero, Glòria Solà, Oscar Van der Welde

Corona current and space charge during a thunderstorm 1014D. Ariza, F. Roman, O. Escobar, O. Montero

Overview of Impulse Current Test Standards and the Impact on Test Equipment 1020Carl-Hendrik Stuckenholz, Michael Gamlin

Estimation of the Minimum Shielding Failure Current Causing Flashover in Overhead 1026Lines of the Hellenic Transmission System through ATP-EMTP Simulations Zacharias G. Datsios, Pantelis N. Mikropoulos, Thomas E. Tsovilis

Behavior of corona current and atmospheric variables under thunderstorm conditions 1031 D. Ariza, F. Roman, O. Montero, O. Escobar, F. Santamaria

Lightning Observatory in Gainesville (LOG), Florida: A Review of Recent Results 1036V.A. Rakov, S. Mallick, and A. Nag

A Full-Wave Analysis of Lightning-Induced Voltages on Distribution Lines Considering 1044the Conductive Coupling between the Lightning Channel and the Grounding System M. Akbari, K. Sheshyekani, A. Pirayesh, F. Rachidi, and M. Paolone, C.A. Nucci, A. Borghetti, F. Napolitano

Regularization of ill-posed return stroke current identification problem 1049Andrei CECLAN, Vasile ȚOPA, Amedeo ANDRETTI, Dan Doru MICU

Lightning Protection Practice for Large-Extended Photovoltaic Installations 1055 Nikolaos Kokkinos, Nicholas Christofides, Charalambos Charalambous

Multi-Peaked Functions for Representation of Lightning Channel-Base Currents 1060 Vesna Javor

Investigations of Earthing Components Corrosion in Different Climatic Conditions 1064Robert Marciniak, Marek Loboda

An Analysis of the Performance of Surge Suppression Devices Applying The TLM Method 1069Thair I. A. H. Mustafa, Hugo D. Almaguer, Sérgio H. L. Cabral, Luiz H. Meyer, José J. Júnior

Analysis of the disruptive effect model for the prediction of the breakdown 1073characteristics of distribution insulators under non-standard lightning impulses C. P. Braz, A. Piantini, M. Shigihara, M. C. E. S. Ramos

On the Evaluation of the Effective Height of Towers: the Case of the Gaisberg Tower 1080 Alexander Smorgonskiy, Farhad Rachidi, Marcos Rubinstein, Nikolay Korovkin

Influence of the Geometry of the Discharge Channel in a Model for the First Return 1084 Stroke Juan Pulgarín, Camilo Younes, Mauricio Vargas

ATP Modelling of the Lightning Current within a Tall Structure and the Attached 1090Channel M. Sadegh Rahimian and Ali M. Hussein

Calculation of Tall-Structure Lightning Current Parameters Using Particle Swarm 1095Optimization Technique M. Sadegh Rahimian and Ali M. Hussein

Installation Schemes for Downconductors at Airport Traffic Control Towers (ATCT) 1100 Loren Carvajal, Ben Wibisono and Enrique Tenicela

Field Measurement of the Grounding Impedance of a Wind Farm in Venezuela 1106Miguel Martínez Lozano, Luis G. Díaz Pulgar

Lightning Induced Voltages in Simple Configurations of Underground Cables 1112Diaz, L., Martinez, M., Ramírez, J., Rubinstein, M.

Analysis of Lightning Detection Network Data for Selected Areas in Canada 1120Volodymyr Shostak, Olexandr Bormotov, Wasyl Janischewskyj, Davide Pavanello, Farhad Rachidi

A Development of a Measurement System Using a Rogowski Coil to Observe Sprit 1132 Lightning Current Flows Inside and Outside a Wind Turbine Generator System Tomoki Kawabata, Yuta Naito, Syunichi Yanagawa, Daisuke Natsuno, Kazuo Yamamoto

Thunderstorm warning alarms methodology using electric field mills and lightning 1137location networks in mountainous regions López, J., Pérez E., Herrera, J., Aranguren, D., Porras, L.

Operational analysis of electric field mills as lightning warning systems in Colombia 1143D. Aranguren, J. Inampués, H. Torres, J. López, Ernesto Pérez

Influence of Thunderstorm-like Wind Velocities on Point Discharge Corona Currents 1149 F. Avella, J. Díaz, D. Ariza, O. Escobar, F. Román

Stochastic Modeling of Lightning Occurrence by Nonhomogeneous Poisson Process 1153 Soiram Ernesto Silva Artigas

Leveraging a mobile culture for lightning awareness: the African context 1160 Estelle Trengove, I.R. Jandrell

Glow Corona Discharges and Their Effect on Lightning Attachment: revisited 1165Marley Becerra

Case study of Lightning-Caused Death of Critically Endangered Tragelaphus Sp. 1170Michael D. Grant, Adrian S.W. Tordiffe, Ryan Blumenthal

Lightning Safety Scheme for Sheltering Structures in Low-income Societies and 1175Problematic Environments Chandima Gomes, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir, Mary Ann Cooper

Can LDN Data Provide Corroborating Evidence for a Lightning Event at a Specific 1186Geographic Location? H.G.P. Hunt, K.J. Nixon, I.R.Jandrell

A Simplified “Engineering” Return Stroke model 1192Igor I. Kononov, Igor E. Yusupov

Some Masterpoints about Risk due to Lightning 1198 G. B. Lo Piparo, A. Kern, C. Mazzetti

Separation distances for air termination systems in proximity to large conductive areas 1204W. Zischank, K. Stimper

Lightning Station Becomes Operational at the Pic Du Midi 1210Charly Sigogne, Guy Lafon, Gerard Serrie, Gerard Berger

Lightning Related Effects on the Neighborhood of Telecommunication Tower Sites 1214 A. P. L. Chandimal, Chandima Gomes

Protection Systems Against Lightning-Originated Overvoltages in Resonant Grounded 1220Power Distribution Systems A. Borghetti, F. Napolitano, C.A. Nucci, M.L.B. Martinez, G.P. Lopes, J.I.L. Uchoa

Transient Analysis of Grounding Systems Without Computer 1227L. Grcev, B. Markovski, V. Arnautovski-Toseva, K. E. K. Drissi

Transient Characteristics of Wind Turbine Grounding 1233B. Markovski, L. Grcev, V. Arnautovski-Toseva

Lightning Accidents in Nigeria: With Special Attention to Aviation Mishaps 1239 Sani Dahiru Buba, Chandima Gomes, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir

Factors Influencing the Selection and Installation of Surge Protective Devices for Low 1245 Voltage Systems T. Kisielewicz, F. Fiamingo Z. Flisowski, B. Kuca G.B. Lo Piparo C. Mazzetti

On The Relationship Between Terrain Variations and LLS-Derived Lightning Parameters N/AKenneth L. Cummins

Experimental study on the positive upward leader inception condition of horizontal 1251 conductors Hengxin HE, Junjia HE, Shijun XIE, Chuanqi WU, Zongyuan CAI, Xiaolin LI, Hong RAO

Lightning risk analysis: Case study of endangered animals 1256 Andrew Dickson, Michael Grant, Ian Jandrell