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© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
VPR round robin evaluationPMP Meeting Ispra, dec 6th 2011
Automotive Test Systems, Product Engineering
Daniel Scheder
Date: 06.12.11
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Purpose of VPR round robin
Improve PCRF calibration procedure
�The differences for aerosol morphology and material
•DNP3000(Palas): spark method using graphite electrodes
•LCU (HORIBA) : Nebulizer method: sodium chloride particle
•Mini CAST (Jing) : Diffusion Flame Soot: carbon particle
�Possibility to avoid the use of neutralizer
•Kr85:370MBq
�Effect of CPC cutoff size
•CPC3790 (GCPC) : 50% cut point @23nm
•CPC3776:50% cut point @2nm
�Stability for each generator
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Evaluation procedure for PCRF calibration
F MFMHEPA
P
ET
Particle generator
SMPS・DNP3000
・LCU
・Mini-CAST
GCPC
(CPC3790)
CPC376GVPR
A
to A
PND1 PND2
320degC150degC
Inlet of VPR
outlet of VPR
・Pressure at VPR inlet should be adjusted at -3kPa below
ambient pressure by needle valve for make up air .
Neutralizer
3077A (Kr-85)
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Measurement Setup
PND1 ET
PND2
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Golden Aerosol Generator
�DNP3000
•Carbon spark
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Aerosol Generator – HSG
�Horiba Soot generator (HSG-6203)
(based on Mini CAST)
•Diffusion Flame Soot
•With ET(350degC)
and PND(RT)
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Aerosol Generator - LCU
�LCU
•Nebulizer method :sodium chloride
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Golden CPC
CPC3790(GCPC) CPC100
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Ultrafine CPC3776
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Inlet of VPR
�Adjust the inlet pressure of VPR -3kPa with make up air
VPR inlet
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Dilution Factor Check (gaseous)
NO ~10000ppm
Diluted Concentration
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
PCRF result (CPC3790)
with neutralizer CPC3790
8090
100110120130140150160
LCU DNP mini CAST
fr
30nm50nm100nm
without neutralizer CPC3790
8090
100110120130140150160
LCU DNP mini CAST
fr
30nm50nm100nm
LCU DNP mini CAST30nm #DIV/ 0! 93.0 141.850nm 88.1 98.1 105.0100nm 100.5 94.9 98.5
LCU DNP mini CAST30nm 28.3 96.1 136.650nm 93.6 97.1 96.2100nm 95.8 95.9 96.9
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
PCRF result: CPC3790
• LCU: Cannot measure PCRF at 30nm and 50nm using D50=23nm CPC.
• Mini CAST: Unexpected high PCRF at 30nm
• DNP3000: PCRF for each electro mobility diameter are
similar with DF value.
• No difference with and without neutralizer was observed.
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
PCRF result (CPC3776)
•PCRF for all kinds of generator are almost same (within measurement
uncertainty of +/-10%) using D50=2nm CPC
•No difference with and without neutralizer was observed.
with neutralizer CPC3776
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
LCU DNP mini CAST
fr
30nm50nm100nm
without neutralizer CPC3776
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
LCU DNP mini CAST
fr
30nm50nm100nm
LCU DNP mini CAST30nm 108.4 109.6 108.850nm 105.3 102.6 100.0100nm 104.6 103.9 96.1
LCU DNP mini CAST30nm 103.7 112.7 105.250nm 101.7 100.7 103.4100nm 98.0 101.0 101.0
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Stability for each generator(100nm)
DNP3000 100nm
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
450 470 490 510 530 550
Concentration (#/ cmｳ )
mini- CAST 100nm
15000
17000
19000
21000
23000
25000
400 420 440 460 480 500
Concentration (#/ cmｳ )
LCU (atomizer method) is most stable compared with other generator
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Stability for each generator(50nm)
LCU (atomizer method) is most stable compared with other generator
DNP3000 50nm
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
600 620 640 660 680 700
Concentration (#/ cmｳ )
LCU 50nm
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500
Concentration (#/ cmｳ )
mini CAST 50nm
1500015500160001650017000175001800018500
100 120 140 160 180 200
Concentration (#/ cmｳ )
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Stability for each generator(30nm)
LCU (atomizer method) is most stable compared with other generator
LCU 30nm
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
160 180 200 220 240 260
Concentration (#/ cmｳ )
mini CAST 30nm
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
150 170 190 210 230 250
Concentration (#/ cmｳ )
DNP3000 30nm
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
450 470 490 510 530 550
Concentration (#/ cmｳ )
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Summary
�CPC with D50=2nm is preferred over one with D50=23nm.
�All three principles of particle generators showed same results. (Caution: Do post treatment correct)
�Stability of Nebulizer method is superior to others.
�Polydispers PCRF (no DMA) failed in this study (results not shown).
© 2011 HORIBA, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Danke
Gracias
Большое спасибо
Grazie��ْ�ُاΣας ευχαριστούµε
감사합니다감사합니다감사합니다감사합니다Obrigado
Tacka dig
谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢ขอบคณุครบัขอบคณุครบัขอบคณุครบัขอบคณุครบั
ありがとうございました
ध यवादध यवादध यवादध यवादநன்றநன்றநன்றநன்ற
