2008-04-29, CK Submission to IEEE-CSET08

8/8/2019 2008-04-29, CK Submission to IEEE-CSET08

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ICSET08IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies

24 - 27 November, 2008Singapore

PLAN-C A SOLAR PARASOL AS AN INSURANCE POLICY

AGAINST EXTREME CLIMATE CHANGE

Submission by

Colin KLINE

Dip.EE, B.Sc., Life Member IEEE, Grad I.E. Aust., TTIC, Accred. uStation Trainer

CEO Elektronikline.

ABSTRACT: (95 words)

There are competing views about alleged catastrophic Climate Change.Some debaters are not being honest about verifiable scientific fact.The public, and politicians, are therefore confused about various claims.

100% certainty is not needed in our everyday domestic decisions, and not in our political decisions.Commonly used is the Precautionary Principle, oftaking out insurance for outcomes NOT guaranteed,such as house fire, or car accidents.

This planet could take out insurance against an event without 100% certainty, but which would be 100%catastrophic, namely, heat death of this planet.

One engineered insurance plan is outlined.

Preferred Topic Area = 9.1 = Global Warming and Climate Change

CONTACT = Colin KLINE;MOB = (04) 0886 7454 (preferred);LAND = (03) 5341 8071;e1 = [email protected] (preferred);e2 = [email protected];e3 = [email protected];POST = RMB N677, Ballarat, Vic, Australia, 3352 (preferred);STREET = 116 Fisken Rd, Mt Helen, Vic, Australia, 3350.

Page: 1 47191938.doc 2 December 2010


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A Geo-Engineered Strategy of Protective Insurance Against Extreme Climate ChangeSYNOPSIS

On the topic of Climate Change, there are two polar classes of opposed views:

One faction (CCD = Climate Change Denialists) claims that there is no real climate threat to planet Earth at all - that all

climate changes are cyclical - and that the latest scientific predictions of large variation are just part of that normality.1

The opposite faction (CCA = Climate Change Alarmists) claims that reliable scientific data predict an impending climate

catastrophe, heralded by many tipping points, that will usher in irreversible damage to all flora & fauna on this planet.2

Some may accuse the first faction of being influenced by Business As Usual Profiteering Polluters; but then some will accusethe second faction of being Chicken-Little Green Panic Merchants. And both these factions may accuse those clinging to a

middle ground as having an inappropriate view. There have been conducted various analyses of the economic, environmental,and political costs of both these polar views, and positions in between. Is there a third way ?

If one were to use a risk based analysis (like house or car insurance policy), this planet could take out insurance against a possible direevent, that of irreversible death of the majority of flora and fauna in our environment, including mankind. This proposed insurancefollows the Precautionary Principle, ofnot allowing lack of certainty to avoid taking action against harm. A so-called Solar Parasolwould thus offer a breathing space for direct actions. It is a Manhattan Bomb or Panama Canal or (nearly) Space Program sized

project, but within reach of current technologies. One could describe Plan-A as business as usual, Plan-B as a (too) slow CO2reduction, and Plan-C as probative insurance against planetary over heating.

The main thrust of this paper is to suggest construction of a Composite Solar Parasol (composed of smaller sub-parasols) to be placed atLagrange Point1 (L1), the neutral gravity point between Sun and Earth, thus it will track Earth in orbit around the Sun. It would variably (inVenetian blind fashion) shade the Earth with a maximum 3% reduction in solation. It notes the agricultural folly of having a single large

parasol shading all of the Earth. So the proposal suggests a cats eye elliptical orbit of sub-parasols (see pic below) that would shade only

the Arctic and Antarctic regions. This arrangement would restore the ice-caps, prevent methane liberation from a melting BorealPermafrost, but allow normal farming in equatorial & temperate regions, with no penalty to food production & supply.

It is more stable to implement the sub-parasols in a HALO orbit, in a plane at right angles to the Earth-Sun axis, with that plane located atLagrange Point1, normal to the E-S axis. There already exist several satellites in such a HALO orbit at L1, for example SOHO, SolarObservatory Halo Orbit. A halo orbit is required to be harmonic (circular, elliptical, Lissajous) for it to impart considerable stability onsuch satellites. Another virtue of using sub-parasols, is that they can be inserted into orbit in a balanced two by two fashion, allowing a

progressive evaluation of the total project.

Elliptical Torus as Composite Parasol = Cats Eye(viewed from Sun-side, Moon portrayed in background)

42 Sub-Parasols are portrayed in this version.

Clip taken at 54seconds into a 3minute HiRes Video,

constructed by 2007 Graphics Design Team:

C. KLINE, D. MacARA & R. MacBRIDESize of Animagraphic Video Data = 500-MBYTES;Size of Hi-Resolution H264 Player = 10-MBYTES.

Note:Only Arctic and Antarctic regions are shaded

(i..e from + / - 85 degrees to + / - 90 degrees)permitting normal farming to continue in the temperate and tropical regions

Composite Solar ParasolElliptical Torus located at L1,Lying at point (Earth - L1) = 1.5E9 metres,

Earth to Sun = 1.5Ell metres,Minor Diameter of Ellipse = 9E6 metres,Major Diameter of Ellipse = 10E6 metres,

Thickness of Annulus Ring = 500km,

Sub-ParasolsDiameter of each Sub-Parasol = 20-50km; Thickness of Sub-Para = 1 m mylarSuper-mirrored on Sun-side (using new nano-super-mirror materials),Total Number of Sub-Parasols = 42 (approx.)

Number of Hydrazine thrusters = 2 4 per sub-parasol,All Sub-Parasols are proportionally winkable by radio-control,Weight of Sub-Parasols = X(?) gram, (depending on latest material science)Launch by ElectroMagCoils (reusable), not by Rail-Gun (explosive),Or Launch by Synchronous Ring Race Track Accelerator see ANNEXE04[Sub-parasol cargo launched in protective metal cylinders, which after the sub-

parasol is ejected, finally trajectory into the Sun as incinerator].

1See ANNEX 01, from , by Robert HENSEN, Rough Guides, London, 2006.2See ANNEX 02, from , by Fred PEARCE, in New Scientist, 27 September 2006.



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ANNEXE-01: Just the Facts, Mam (from 1950s radio comedy show by Stan FREBURG).

The below graph shows 4 distinct data sets forclimate representation: (i) average temp. in yellow - 1880 to 1960 - from ice coresampling; (ii) average temp. in mustard 1960 to 2006 - from various atmospheric and land / sea sampling; (iii) instantaneous temp. in

plum red showing the variability in world temperatures, as distinct from the averages above; (iv) average temp. in pink 2006 to2020+ - a band of possible future data outcomes.

The first two sets of data are FACT - they are not conjectures as climate denialists so often misreport.Note: The average trend line is monotonically INCREASING over this period 1880 to 2006.

The very last (future) data set portrayal may indeed be conjecture, derived from various computer models, showing a range ofoutcomes. But there is NO PREDICTION, IN ANY MODEL, THAT the future AVERAGE TEMPERATURE of land andsea WILLDECREASE. Thus even if ALL fossil fuel burning were to stop tomorrow, the planet is doomed.

ANNEXE-02: Whats that ahead - Chief Lookout Officer, the Titanic

Climate Change: One Degree And Were Done ForBoreal Forest Meltdown

Fred PEARCE

New Scientist, 27 September 2006http://www.newscientist.com/channel/earth/mg19125713.300-climate-change-one-degree-and-were-done-for.html

Graph of Climate Change HotspotsFurther global warming of 1C defines a critical threshold. Beyond that we will likelysee changes that make Earth a different planet than the one we know .

So says Jim HANSEN, director of NASAs Goddard Institute for Space Studies in NewYork. HANSEN and colleagues have analysed global temperature records and found thatsurface temperatures have been increasing by an average of 0.2C every decade for the

past 30 years.

Warming is greatest in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere, particularly in

the sub-Arctic boreal forests of Siberia and North America. Here the melting of iceand snow is exposing darker surfaces that absorb more sunlight and increase

warming, creating a positive feedback.



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Earth is already as warm as at any time in the last 10,000 years, and is within 1C of being its hottest for a million years, saysHANSENs team. Another decade of business-as-usual carbon emissions will probably make it too late to prevent the ecosystems ofthe north from triggering runaway climate change, the study concludes (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol 103, p14288)

Melting permafrost in the boreal forests and further north in the Arctic tundra is also triggering the release of methane, a powerfulgreenhouse gas, from thick layers of thawing peat

Large amounts of greenhouse gases are currently locked in the permafrost and if released could accelerate the greenhouse effect,says BALZTER. HANSENs paper concludes that the effects of this positive feedback could be huge. In past eras, the release ofmethane* from melting permafrost and destabilised sediments on continental shelves has probably been responsible for some of

the largest warmings in the Earths history, he says.

And if HANSEN is right, that the carbon and methane* stored in the boreal regions has the potential to

transform the world into another planet, then the boreal region may be worth a great deal more than that.

* Methane is a greenhouse gas 40 times more pluripotent than CO2 !

ANNEXE-03: Those who say it cant be done, are usually interrupted by others doing it. James Arthur BALDWIN

IEEE SpectrumWilliam B. GAIL

2007-05-02http://spectrum.ieee.org/print/5059

ANNEXE-04: Youre going to do what ?? - in memory ofDr GIFFORD-JONES

http://www.ecogeek.org/content/view/273/

Giant Electromagnetic Space Launch RingWritten by Hank GREEN

Wednesday, 04 October 2006

Satellites are important Were talking $2000 per kilogram of payload and almost all of that goes into fossil fuels. So whats thealternative? A space elevator would certainly be more efficient, and would only cost several trillion dollars to build. Well, we could juststop sending up satellites and let our gadgets crumble into museum pieces.

Or how bout this. We build a gigantic ring superconducting electromagnetic track with a diameter of 2 kilometers in the desert and

continuously increase the speed of an object until it reaches 10 k/s and then shift the track to an inclined portion that rockets the object intoorbit! A recent AirForce study of this very concept has concluded that this device could decrease the cost of launches (and fuelconsumed) 100 fold.

http://thinkexist.com/quotes/james_arthur_baldwin/http://spectrum.ieee.org/print/5059http://thinkexist.com/quotes/james_arthur_baldwin/http://spectrum.ieee.org/print/5059


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The problem being, of course, that anything travelling in a circle at highspeeds is going to have to deal with unfortunate G-forces

ANNEXE-05: Oh yeah, and how do we get there ? Daffy Duck

www.esm.vt.edu/~sdross/papers/lo_ross_2001.docThe Lunar L1 Gateway: Portal to the Stars and Beyond

Martin W. LO

Navigation and Mission Design Section, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, CalTech

Shane D. ROSS

Control and Dynamical Systems, CalTech

AIAA Space 2001 Conference

Albuquerque, New Mexico, August 28-30, 2001

AbstractOur Solar System is interconnected by a vast system of tunnels winding around the Sun generated by the Lagrange Points of all the

planets and their moons. These passageways are identified by portals around L1 and L2, the halo orbits. By passing through a halo orbitportal, one enters this ancient and colossal labyrinth of the Sun. This natural Interplanetary Superhighway System (IPS, see Figure 1)provides ultra-low energy transport throughout the Earths Neighborhood, the region between Earths L1 and L2.

Figure 1.a.

Artists conception of portions of the Interplanetary Superhighway (tubes) of the Sun-Earth-Moon System

generated by the halo orbits. The green tubes approach the halo orbits, the red tubes go away from the halo orbits.Thus, the halo orbits are the literal Highway Interchanges of the Interplanetary Superhighway.

Figure 1.b

An exploded view of the Lunar portion of the Interplanetary Superhighway. Arrows indicate the direction oftransport.

CONCLUSION:

It is hoped that to advance this proposal that IEEE can bring its world renowned standing to instigate a forum of expertswho could further investigate this proposal. It is envisaged that there will be need of contributions from experts of:

Space Launch Engineering, Space Trajectory Astro-Physicist, Lagrange Point Gravity specialist, HALO orbit specialist,Satellite Thruster specialist, Thin Film Materials Scientist, HF Communications Engineer (Long Range Telemetry &

Control), Glaciologist(s), Agriculturalist(s), Grain specialist(s), Environmentalist(s) especially with Arctic experience,Solar Flux specialist, Space Launch Budget Analyst, etc.


LUNAR L1

HALO ORBIT

PORTAL

LUNAR L2

HALO

ORBIT

EARTH L2

HALO

Documents

2008-04-29, CK Submission to IEEE-CSET08