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Examples of Road Management Systems
Christopher R. Bennett
East Asia Transport and Energy Unit
Washington, D.C.
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So much to do…So few funds to do it with
The Challenge to Road Managers:
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Why Asset Management?
We want to have good roads
Not this!
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Agency Activities
OversightP lann ing andP olicy
P rogramM anagem ent
Oversight
S tra tegic D irection P erfo rm ance
M onitoring P olic ies S tandards
W orks P rogram C ontract M onito ring Q uality A ssurance R isk M anagem ent C om petitive
P rocurem ent
P rogramIm plem enta tion
Q uality A ssurance R isk M anagem ent N ew Techno logies C om petitive
P rocurem ent
ReportingReporting
Inputs
Projections
B acklogs
C ondition
B udgetForecast
Incom eS ources
B udget
S erviceD elivery
B usiness Im provem ents
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Total Asset Management
M ainta in Renew Upgrade
Create D ispose
Custom erExpectations
Level o f Service Safety Cost
Legis lativeRequirem ents
Financia l Environm ental
O rganizational V is ion/M ission
Strategic P lanning Process
Asset M anagem ent P rocess
ExistingAssets
New AssetsSurplusAssets
Non Asset Solutions
Em ergencyM anagem ent
Dem andM anagem ent
Im provedPerform ance
StrategicP lanning
TacticalP lanning
O perationalP lanning
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Best Practice
Years
Level of
Excellen
ce
Innocence
Competence
Initiative
Excellence
BASIC
ADVANCE
D
5 8 10
0
Aware
2
Asset Management Acceptance
System Approaches
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PredictiveModelling
List of Assets
DetailedAttributes
Utilization/Capacity
TreatmentOptions and
Costs
RiskManagement
OptimizedDecisionMaking
Condition
MaintenanceManagement
Emergency Corrective Preventative
W ork Planning
Basic Advanced
Asset Management Systems
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Features of Systems
• ScaleSmall Scale – DesktopLarge Scale – Enterprise
• ConfigurabilityUser ConfigurableDeveloper Customizable
• AccessibilityControlledWeb Based
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Regional OfficeRegional OfficeUsers/ViewersUsers/Viewers
PublicPublicViewersViewers
Consultants/ContractorsConsultants/ContractorsUsers/ViewersUsers/Viewers
Extranet
DESIGNDESIGN
CONSTRUCTCONSTRUCTDBMSDBMS
Multi-MediaMulti-Media
Creators/Users/ViewersCreators/Users/Viewers
Internet Intranet
??????
MANAGEMANAGE
PLANPLAN
Full-Featured System
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Commercial Systems
• There are a number of companies offering ‘off-the-shelf’ (COTS) systems
• These are recommended over custom developed systems
• Most successful systems have similar features and functionalities
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100s
Data Creators
Data Users
Data Viewers50s
10s
Information ManagementTechnology
Applications(GIS, CAD, PMS)
Multi-User Hierarchy
Systems are designed for different types of users
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Users Have Different Access
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Ability to analyze network and create homogeneous analysis sections
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Automatic Sectioning
Manually refine sections
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GIS Interface
Cambodia USA - Ohio
Sri Lanka
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Web Enabling
Many companies host client’s data on their
own servers
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Configurable vs Customizable
Some systems can be completely configured
by end users
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Multi-media Data
Most store and display multi-media data, often through
GIS
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HDM-4 Road Network(dBASE)
Export Routines
MapInfoDatabase QuerySpatial Mapping
ROMDASRoad Maintenance Data
Acquisition System(Condition Data Collection)
RMS Integrated Data File
ROMDAS-RMSVideo and Condition Analysis
Data Processing
TPMS Database
Traffic
HDM-4Constants
Condition
Pavement
LRP Data
MapInfo Section Table(dBASE)
HDM-4Strategic Analysis
Forward Programming
Integrate With Other Systems
Many designed to work
with HDM-4
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Economic Optimization
Do Minimum(Base Level)
Reseal Strategy(Level 2)
Reconstruction(Level 4)Costs exceed road userbenefits therefore not aneconomic strategy
Reseal and Overlay Strategy(Level 3) - OPTIMUM
Optimize investments under budget constraints
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Key Differences
• Cost and support Database engine GIS engine
• Ability to handle more than roads Samoa: Roads, Bridges and Seawalls
• Level of user control for configuration• Flexibility for types of analyses
Economic Analysis With Road User Costs (HDM-4) Economic Analysis Other Techniques (RED) Multi-Criteria Analysis
• Ability to manage road network• Ability to store, process and use historical data
Case Study: New Zealand
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NZ Systems
• RAMM Used by all local authorities to store data and
determine current needs (1985+)
• dTIMS (1997+) Used to predict forward works programs and
optimize under budget constraints
• Others Exor Highways Intergraph
National Systems
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RAMM for Windows
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Source:Development of Pavement Deterioration Source:Development of Pavement Deterioration Modeling in New Zealand, Pradhan, Henning and Modeling in New Zealand, Pradhan, Henning and Wilson, HTC Infrastructure Management, Ltd, Wilson, HTC Infrastructure Management, Ltd, march 2001.march 2001.
RAMM vs dTIMS
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dTIMS
StrategicPlanning
MaintenanceBudget
MaintenanceProgramming
TreatmentsLocations
ProjectPreparation
TenderDocuments
Implementation
FundingAllocations
Role of dTIMS
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Why dTIMS?
• Generic analysis system for planning and programming infrastructure and maintenance works
• All prediction models are user defined
• Optimisation routine for unlimited number of road sections
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dTIMS Analysis Process
InputData
PerformanceModels
Treatments
Triggers
Road User Cost Models
Resets
StrategyGeneration
NetworkOptimisation
Programme Reviewand Adjustment
NetworkImpactReports
DetailedWork
Programmes
dTIMSSet up
Analysis
RAMM, Other dTIMS
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dTIMS - User Definable Functions
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Option Comparison
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Treatment Costs
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Predicted Future Condition
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Backlog Length by Budget
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Condition Distribution by Budget
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New Zealand - Web-Mapping
Demo
Case Study: Cambodia
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Cambodia System Overview
HIMS
RoadMap
Reporting andMapping
Arc
GIS
RMDSGeographicDatabase
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Cambodia – Role in Decision SupportPLANNING ACTIVITY
Road SubSector
Location Referencing Nodes* Links* LRPs* Sections* Road Centreline* Digital Video** Node Photos*
Inventory Pavement Type* Pavement Width* Number of Lanes* Speed Limit* Shoulder Type* Shoulder Width* Bridges* Culverts*
Condition Roughness** Surface Integrity** Major Surface Defect** Rut Depth** Shoulder Condition** Drain Condition** Bridge Defects** Culvert Defects** Areas Under Construction** Impassable Sections*
Traffic Volume*** Classification*** Travel Speed***
RMDS Geospatial Database
Unit Costs Construction* VOC* O&M*
10 to 20 year strategic planof sector at network level.(updated 3-5 yearly) Capital Exp. O&M Exp.
STRATEGIC PLANLong-Term
ROLLING PROGRAMMedium-Term
ANNUAL BUDGETShort-Term
RUC/ODA/FUNDINGMed./Long-Term
5 year program at roadsection level.(updated annually) Capital Exp. O&M Exp.
Annual program of maint. atroad section level.(updated annually) Capital Exp. O&M Exp. Candidate Sections
RMDSApplication
DataProcessing
RMDSGeographicDatabase
ActivityOutcomes
PlanningActivity
Multi-year CAPEX/OPEXrequirements.(updated 3-5 yearly) Fuel taxes Registration Other fees
* Information updated when a change occurs by PIU-1. New information will be higher quality level than LRCS windscreen survey(e.g seal width assessed at 3-5m during LRCS but updated to true measure (+/- 100mm) over time).
** Information collected during a combination of a periodic survey programme or during contract monitoring using ROMDAS Road Conditionsurvey procedures and PIU-1 vehicles.
*** Information updated through traffic monitoring programme still to be determined.
HIMS ROMDASArcGISDataManagement
ArGIS ArcGIS HDM-4
HIMS HIMS HIMS HIMS
ArGIS HDM-4RoadMap
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Cambodia – System Users
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Web Site: www.lrcs.info
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Access Key Data Via Internet
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Cambodia – Inventory Attributes
Network
Node Link
LRP Segment 3Segment 2Segment 1
Pavement TypeConcrete, AC, Bituminous, Gravel, Earth
Pavement Width< 4.5, 4.5 - 6.5, 6.5 - 9.0, >9.0
Number of Lanes1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7+
Shoulder TypeSealed, Unsealed, None
Shoulder Width< 1.0, 1.0 - 3.0, > 3.0
Speed Sign20, 30, 60, 80
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Cambodia – Condition Attributes
Network
Node Link
LRP Segment 3Segment 2Segment 1
Roughness (IRI)Average IRI ( 100m interval )
Surface Integrity (SII)0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ( 200m interval )
Major Surf DefectFL, PA, RV, PH, CR, RT, EB, ER
Shoulder HeightHigher, Level, Lower
Drainage ConditionGood, Fair, Failed
Wheelpath RuttingNone, Low, High, Extreme
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Examples of Maintenance
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Optimal Investment Strategy
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
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05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
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Analysis Year
Ro
ug
hn
ess
(IR
I)
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
Su
rfa
ce D
amag
e (%
)
Roughness (IRI)
Surface Damage (%)
-2468
1012141618202224262830
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Analysis Year
Ag
ency
Eco
no
mic
Co
sts
(US
$M)
Reconstruction
Overlay
Resurfacing
Routine
Case Study: Philippines
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RIMSS IT Approach
• RIMSS: Road Information and Management Support System
• Used BPR and re-engineering information systems to match mission goals and strategies
• Provides accessible, quality data for decision-support
• Uses modern analytic tools and efficient information technology
• Allows all branches of the DPWH to benefit
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• Central Road and Bridge Information System
• Routine Maintenance Management System (RMMS)
• Pavement Management System
• Bridge Management System
• Road Safety Management System
Components
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Information Management
• Series of distributed databasesManaged and operated by the
organizational units most interested in the use of the data,
• Connected through the communication system to be accessible throughout the organization
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Conceptual View of RIMSS
Contractor Perfrmnce Montrng
Environmental Analysis
Traffic Modeling
Budget Prep. & Management
Post-EvaluationProject Life Cycle
Strategic Network Planning
Traffic Congestion Plng
Executive Information
Pavement Modeling
Bridge Modeling
PurchasingContract Preparation Pre-Qualification Registry
Technology Resource Management
Contract Management
IT Help Desk
Financial AccountingFacilities Management
Human Resource Management
Multi-Year Programming
PayrollPhysical Resource Management
Right of Way Management
Road Maintenance Management
Structures Maintenance ManagementRoad Works Management
Bid Analysis
Design Management
Road Design / Structures DesignFinancial Management
Environmental Data RecordingMaterials SourcesMaterials Testing
Policies and Procedures
Road Condition Recording
Road Inventory Recording
Socio-Economic Surveys
Standards & Specifications
Structures Condition Recording
Structures Inventory RecordingTraffic Accident RecordingTraffic Recording
Construction RecordsEnvironmental Information
Road Network Definition
Socio-Economic Information
Structures Information
Traffic Accident Information
Parametric Costing
Bid & Prequal. Submission
Departmental Issuances
DPWH Customer HotlineDPWH Staff HotlineEngineer's Electronic Log Book
Accreditation Road InformationGIS
Document Management Traffic Information
Conceptual View of RIMSS
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STRATEGIC MANAGEMENTIDENTIFIED
USER
NEEDS
SERVICED
USER
NEEDS
Operational Goals
Plan Build Operate
Standards and Methods
• Network Planning and Multiyear Programming
• Bridge Management• Traffic Information and
Analysis• Assessment and
Feasibility• Post Evaluation• Pavement Management• Safety
• Project Management / Contract Management
• Land Acquisition • Design Review• Cost Estimation• Design Surveys• Design Tools
•EMK• Maintenance Management
• Financial Mgmt.• Billing and
Payments• Payroll• Accounting
Balances • Budget
• DPWH Communication Network
• Hwy Infra Data• Information Technology
Framework • Information Management
Planning• Rapid Application
Development Process• Information Technology Help
Desk• Locational Referencing• Info Mgmt Organization• Data Administration
• Contracts• Bid and Award• Contractor Performance
Tracking• Pre-Qualification
• Performance Appraisal• Employee Satisfaction• Employee Selection• Human Resource Planning• HR Training
• Quality Assurance • Strategic Planning • Performance Indicators • Policies and Procedures • Public Relations
Imp lem
en tationS
che du le
NRIMP1
NRIMP2
NRIMP3
ADB
HMP.
Network Goals
FinancialManagement
Physical Resource
Management
Human Resource
Management
InformationManagement
ProcurementManagement
SUPPORT PROCESSES
CORE PROCESSES
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Improvement Area BIIPCostsPHP (m)
BenefitBasePHP (m)
ExpectedBenefitPHP (m)
SwitchingValue
BenefitCost Ratio
Improved Procurement 31.8 30,282.20 605.6 0.11% 6.7
Improved Financial Management 52 30,282.20 363.4 0.17% 7
Improved Communications and Staff Quality 72.2 3,600.00 72 2.00% 1
Standardization of Contract Documents 2.4 27.3 6.2 8.90% 2.5
Improved Efficiency of Maintenance Operations 4.5 3,787.00 227.2 0.10% 50.5
Improved Planning Procedures 112.3 26,361.00 5,272.20 0.43% 46.9
Improved Pavement Management 92.8 3,952.00 3,952.00 2.35% 42.6
Improved Bridge Management 38 1,481.20 296.2 2.60% 7.8
Improved Quality and Extended Pavement Life 43.4 32,206.50 6,441.30 0.13% 148.3
Grand Total – Annualized costs 449.5 131,979 17,236 0.34% 38.3
Core Processes – Asset Value Improvement 286.5 64,000.70 15,961.70 0.45% 55.7
Support Processes – Institutional Operations 163 67,978.60 1,274.40 0.24% 7.8
Cost-Benefit Ratios range from 1 to 148 with Aggregate BCR of 38
Break Even cost range from .1% to 9% with Aggregate of .28%
Benefits from Project
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Enterprise GIS Available to All Users
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Executive Information System
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www.dpwh.gov.ph
DPWH on the Internet
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Road Roughness - Pangasinan 1
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Challenges
• Retrofitting of applications.
• 25 applications over next 3 ½ years.
• Broader reform initiative.
• External factors.
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Key Conclusions
• Organizational reform is largely dependent on leadership
• Commitment is essential
• Business-driven IT architectures and conceptual design critical to guiding effort
• Implementation planning is important Challenge is to make them happen in
an organized and integrated manner!
Case Study: Papua New Guinea
80
Overall BMS Planning Process
CDS InventoryData Collection
CDS ConditionData Collection
EngineeringData Collection
Preliminary 5-YearWork Program
CDS PriorityAnalysis
BMSdb
CDS NeedsAnalysis
5-year ProgrammeEconomicAnalysis
1-year Programme
CDS InvestmentStrategy
CDS ManagementStrategy
Data Collection Data Management BMS Analysis Reporting &Management Decision
Other DataCollection
Committed Projects
Unit Cost Data
Multi_CriteriaAnalysis
Detailed Design
Implement Project
Updated Data &As-built info
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Bridge Condition Data
For Each Bridge Component :
• ConditionAssessment
• Level of Maintenance
• Quantify MaintenanceWorks
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PBMS AnalysisPBMSDatabase
Data Preparation
Work Needs Analysis
Start Analysis
1. Total Funding Required2. Maintenance Required for each structure
Improvement Required?
EconomicAnalysis of
Improvement Works
Prioritisation of Maint. Works
N
Y
Prioritised 5-Year Program for - Improvement Works- Major Maint. Works
Programming and Scheduling
Draft 5–Year & Annual Program for- Improvement Works- Major Maint. Works
End Analysis
Analysis Module
Configuration
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Indices For Prioritization
Maintenance Priority Index (MPI)MPI = k * AADTm * Imp_Factor * Div_Factor * (Repl_Cost / Cost)n * MCI
Improvement Priority Index (IPI)IPI = a * MCI + b * FDI + c * SAI
• Maintenance Condition Index (MCI)
MCI = Sum(Ci * Wi) / Sum(W)
• Functional Deficiency Index (FDI)
FDI = k *AADTm ([CWY_WDTH]/ [BRG_WDTH])l * [SPD_LMT]m
• Structural Adequacy Index (SAI)
SAI = k *AADTm ([LEGAL_LOAD]/[SAFE_LOAD])l / [LMT_NUM]m
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PBMS Navigator
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PBMS Navigator – Data Edit
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PBMS Reports
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Configuration by modifying lookup table
PBMS Configuration
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Viewing Analysis Results
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PBMS – GIS Interface
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PBMS – Multimedia Interface
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