2 THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 2.1 OVERVIEWsse.com/media/477059/Chapter-2-Project-Description-Keadby-II-EIA... · include an industrial gas turbine unit, ... design and size of the scheme

ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT KEADBY DEVELOPMENTS LIMITED

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2 THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT

2.1 OVERVIEW

The Proposed Development, known as ‘Keadby II’, will be located immediately

to the west of the existing Keadby CCGT power station (‘Keadby I’),

constructed in the 1990s. The red line application boundary of the Proposed

Development is the same as that for the Consented Development.

The Proposed Development site (the Site) is located in the borough of North

Lincolnshire (the unitary planning authority), approximately 500 m northwest

and west of the residential area of Keadby and southeast of the residential

area of Ealand. The closest residential receptors are more than 100 m from

the Site and a larger distance from the main operational structures. The Site

and its surroundings are shown on Figure 2.1.

The Proposed Development will comprise a natural gas fired CCGT

generating station with an output capacity of up to 910 MW. The station will

include an industrial gas turbine unit, a heat recovery steam generator, a

steam turbine unit and ancillary plant and equipment located in the main

power island in the eastern part of the Site. The western part of the Site will

include hybrid cooling towers. In accordance with the requirements of The

Carbon Capture Readiness (Electricity Generating Stations) Regulations 2013

for new generating infrastructure (of greater than 300 MW gross capacity and

of a type covered by the EU Large Combustion Plant Directive), an area of

land has been designated for possible future carbon capture equipment has

been designated on the western part of the Site. The site layout is presented

in Figure 2.2.

The Site also includes land provision for connections to gas transmission

infrastructure, connections to the National Grid and routes for pipelines to

water abstraction and discharge points. The connection to the national grid

has been consented separately under Section 37 of the Electricity Act (1989)

and granted pursuant to The Department for Business, Energy & lndustrial

Strategy reference numbers: 12.04.09.05-579U (Keadby 2 Overhead line) and

2.04.09.05-560U (Keadby 1 Replacement line).

Further details of the Proposed Development are set out in Section 2.3.

Comparison of Consented Development with Proposed Development:

Overview

The Proposed Development will have an output capacity of up to 910 MW

whereas the Consented Development has an output capacity of up to

820 MW. There will still be only one natural gas fired CCGT generating

station, although it will be larger and some component parts will be larger

which will result in an increase in the number of special loads transported

to the Site.


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2.2 PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT APPLICATION BOUNDARY

The 2016 Consent was based on the application boundary for the Consented

Development, presented in Annex L of the ES (see Annex D).

The Consented Development is based on a number of fundamental aspects,

primarily development of a gas turbine generating station adjacent to

Keadby I, land designated for possible future carbon capture equipment and

associated infrastructure such as pipelines for cooling water intake and

discharge. The Proposed Development boundary is presented in Figure 2.1.

2.3 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT

2.3.1 Flexibility in Design

Flexibility to respond to emerging economic circumstances and technological

advances and to accommodate variations between commercially available

turbines from different suppliers is essential if the Proposed Development is to

proceed and be successful. In line with the application relating to the

Consented Development, a degree of flexibility has therefore been built into

the Proposed Development that has been subject to the EIA.

Whilst this introduces some complexity to the EIA process; it is common to

many large scale developments that are dependent on market conditions for

their delivery.

The EIA Regulations require an EIA Report to provide a description of the

location, design and size of the scheme to enable the likely significant

environmental effects to be assessed and to enable the decision maker,

statutory consultees and the public to make a properly informed response. In

view of this, a balance has to be sought between defining the Proposed

Development in enough detail to predict its effects, whilst leaving enough

flexibility to enable the Proposed Development to be successfully delivered

under conditions that may be subject to change.

The project definition parameters presented in this EIA Report together with

the ES provide an ‘envelope’ for assessing the effects of the Proposed

Development. In order to ensure that likely significant effects of the Proposed

Development on the environment are described and assessed, parameters

have been set which are broad enough to encompass the potential variations

in turbine design and other aspects of the Proposed Development. The EIA

takes account of all the reasonable variations (or degrees of freedom) in the

form of the Proposed Development that would be permissible under the

parameters, and describes and assesses the likely significant effects on the

environment as appropriate.


Application Boundary

There are no proposed changes to the application boundary.

National Grid Electricity Transmission System

Rive

r Tren

t

KeadbyVillage

Vazon Bridge Cottage

Existing Keadby IPower Station

Railway

Ealand

Hawthorn Cottage

Keadby and Stainforth Canal

A18

M180

DRAWN: OBCHECKED: LGAPPROVED: KM

PROJECT: 0280278

Figure 2.1Proposed Development Boundaryand Site Surroundings ±0 200 400 600 800 1,000

Metres

SCALE: See Scale Bar

Path: \\UKEDIDC01\Data\Edinburgh\Projects\0280278_KeadbyGIS_GB_KM\MAPS\EIA 2017\0280278_PropDevBoundary _A02.mxdSOURCE: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS,USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User Community

PROJ

ECTIO

N: Br

itish N

ation

al Gr

id

Proposed DevelopmentBoundary

DATE: 06/07/2017

VERSION: A01SIZE: A4

Heat Recovery Steam Generator

Gas Turbine Building

Steam Turbine Building

Cooling Water Pipework (underground)

Cooling Tower

Stack

Land set aside for future carbon capture technology

installation

DRAWN: OBCHECKED: RMAPPROVED: KM

PROJECT: 0280278

Figure 2.2Site Layout

±

Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User Community


Path: P:\Projects\0280278_KeadbyGIS_GB_KM\MAPS\EIA 2017\0280278_SiteLayout_A02.mxd

PROJ

ECTIO

N: Br

itish N

ation

al Gr

id


DATE: 24/07/2017

0 20 40 60 80 100Metres

Proposed Development BoundarySite Layout


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Such an approach is considered good practice, as reflected in case law on the

‘Rochdale Envelope’ principle. Suitably applied in EIA it can help to avoid the

need for protracted re-submission procedures at a later stage, whilst ensuring

that there is a comprehensive assessment of the likely significant effects.

Detailed explanations are provided in Chapters 4 and 5 of this EIA Report and

Chapters 6 to 13 of the ES on how a worst case assessment approach has

been applied to the extent it is relevant to the particular EIA topic being

addressed. Specific areas of flexibility in design are also noted in the following

subsections.

2.3.2 Key Components of the Proposed Development

The Proposed Development will include the following major components:

a gas turbine generator;

waste heat recovery boiler;

a condensing steam turbine;

hybrid cooling towers;

control room and instrumentation system;

water treatment plant;

cooling water abstraction and discharge pipe work; and

ancillary plant and equipment including (but not limited) to unloading

facilities, pumps, blowers, interconnecting pipelines and mixing apparatus,

together with options for addressing emission abatement measures

determined by the Environmental Permitting process, which could include

such matters as selective catalytic reduction and additional wastewater

treatment.

The Site includes two principle areas, as shown in Figure 2.2:

the main power island area to the east; and

hybrid cooling towers and area reserved for carbon capture readiness on

the western part of the Site.

The power island area will accommodate the power generating equipment

including the gas and steam turbines, boilers, auxiliary structures and

administration buildings.

2.3.3 Turbine Configuration and Technology

The gas and steam turbines are anticipated to be constructed in a multi-shaft

configuration, as shown in Figure 2.2.

The ES primarily used the single-shaft option as the basis of assessment, as

this has the larger building footprint for the main turbine buildings. Where the


Key Components

The Proposed Development includes the same key components as the

Consented Development.


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multi-shaft option could give rise to likely significant environmental effects that

could potentially be materially different from those assessed for the single-

shaft option then these effects were also independently addressed in the ES.

While there were differences in effects between single and multi-shaft

configurations these did not lead to likely significant effects that were

materially different, i.e. a change from an effect of minor significance for one

layout to an effect of moderate significant for the other in regard to the same

type of impact.

It is anticipated that the Proposed Development will proceed as a multi-shaft

configuration; however based on the findings of the ES, which considered both

a single shaft and a multi-shaft configuration, the conclusions of the

assessment of the likely significant environmental effects of the Proposed

Development multi-shaft configuration presented in this EIA Report would

apply to a single-shaft configuration.

The dimensions of the main components are listed in Table 2.1 and Table 2.2.

Table 2.1 Dimensions of Main Structures of the Proposed Development in

Comparison with the Consented Development (1)

Item Width, m Length, m Height, m

Consented Proposed Consented Proposed Consented Proposed

Steam

turbine

building

(large)

45 50 47 39 44 30

Steam

turbine

building

(small)

- 50 - 14 - 12

Heat

recovery

steam

generator

building

27 30 46 50 44 52

Gas Turbine

building

20 23 47 50 30 27

Stack 8 m diameter 75 to 85 75 to 85

(1) The corresponding Table 2.1 of the ES contained some minor errors corrected here. The nature of the

error was by omission and labelling and not in the dimensions used in the ES.

Table 2.2 Dimensions of Other Structures of the Proposed Development in

Comparison with the Consented Development

Item Width, m Length, m Height, m

Consented Proposed Consented Proposed Consented Proposed

Cooling

towers (for a

single bank of

12) (1)

17 25 177 192 28 28

(1) The landscape and visual impact assessment conducted in relation to the Consented

Development initially considered cooling tower heights of 25 m; however, the noise

assessment indicated the possible need to raise the height of the cooling towers to 28 m.

Photomontages of the Proposed Development are based on a 28 m height.


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The stack height will be between 75 and 85 m. In order to carry out a

conservative assessment of effects from the Proposed Development, different

stack heights within this range are considered within certain assessment

topics, using the option that represents the worst case for the respective

discipline, such that the air quality assessment considers a height of 75 m and

the photomontages provided in Chapter 3 are based on a height of 85 m.

In recognising the evolution of turbine technology, there is potential for further

advances to be made prior to or during detailed design of the Proposed

Development. On this basis, the proposed variation seeks to retain flexibility

in the design to allow the project to adapt to future market conditions and

Company and policy requirements.

The Company has not determined which specific turbine technology will be

procured and therefore the EIA is based on elements drawn from a range of

turbine designs provided by technology suppliers.

From an operational and environmental perspective, disregarding layout and

building mass, the main areas of variation between turbine technologies will

be in emissions to air, noise and water demand. In developing the indicative

plant layouts a design envelope has been developed, drawing on details from

a range of turbine suppliers to ensure that the EIA is based on an

environmental worst-case scenario.

The gas turbine hall, heat recovery steam generator building and steam

turbine hall will be constructed of clad steel. The finish will be similar to that of

Keadby I, in keeping with the architectural vernacular of the site. An

illustrative view of the Proposed Development, showing the building finish and

appearance, is provided in Figure 2.3, with the Proposed Development on the

left and existing Keadby I central.

Figure 2.3 Illustrative View of Buildings

Note: This viewpoint (1b) is 0.25 km to the north of the Proposed Development site looking

south towards the Proposed Development.


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2.3.4 Power Generation Process

The following activities will be carried out within the Proposed Development

process to generate electrical power:

combustion of natural gas in a gas turbine to directly generate electricity

which is exported to the National Grid;

use of waste heat from the gas turbine to raise steam in the boiler to

generate additional electricity in a steam turbine for export to the National

Grid;

condensing of residual steam;

release of combustion gases through a single stack; and

management and disposal of residues produced by the generation

process.

These processes will occur within different buildings and structures within the

power island area.

The processes for generating power without and with supplementary firing are

illustrated in Figure 2.4.


Turbine Configuration Technology

The ES considered a multi-shaft and single-shaft option for the gas and

steam turbines. Throughout the ES the worst case was assessed, which

was primarily the single-shaft option as this has the larger building footprint

for the main turbine buildings. Where the multi-shaft option could have

given rise to likely significant environmental effects that were materially

different from those assessed for the single-shaft option then these effects

were also addressed. The Proposed Development is anticipated to be a

multi-shaft configuration. There are some changes in the multi-shaft

building sizes and these have been considered in Chapters 3 to 5 where

appropriate.

The Consented Development gas turbine hall and steam turbine hall were

to be constructed of clad steel with brickwork to the lower level. However,

the Proposed Development gas turbine hall and steam turbine hall are to

be constructed of clad steel down to ground level.


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Figure 2.4 Gas Turbine Power Generation

2.3.5 Emissions Control Technology and Best Available Technique

The Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) is the successor of seven existing

Directives, including the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)

Directive and in essence is concerned with minimising pollution from industrial

sources throughout the European Union through the implementation of

established Best Available Techniques (BAT) for pollution control. The IED

entered into force on 6 January 2011 and was transposed into national

legislation by Member States by 7 January 2013. In the UK, IED is

implemented through the existing Environmental Permitting Regulations, but

requires a somewhat different approach to previous regimes, insomuch as the

achievement of BAT is the explicit priority.

The permit conditions including emission limit values (ELVs) must be based

on the Achievable Emission Levels published in BAT Reference (BREF)

notes. BAT conclusions (documents containing information on the emission

levels associated with the best available techniques, which act as a summary

of BREF notes) are the reference for setting permit conditions. To determine

BAT, the European Commission organises an exchange of information

between experts from the EU Member States, industry and environmental

organisations. This results in the adoption and publication by the Commission

of the BAT conclusions and BAT Reference Documents.

The IED contains certain elements of flexibility by allowing the licensing

authorities (i.e. the Environment Agency) to set less strict emission limit values

High, Intermediate and

Low Pressure Steam

Turbines

Water

Steam

Heat R

ecovery

Ste

am

Genera

tor


Power Generation Process

The Proposed Development will not use ‘supplementary firing’ (see Section

2.5.1 of the ES, Annex D) as part of the power generation process.

The Proposed Development is expected to have a higher efficiency than

the Consented Development; this is discussed further in Chapter 4.


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in specific cases. Such measures are only applicable where an assessment

shows that the achievement of emission levels associated with BAT as

described in the BAT conclusions would lead to disproportionately higher

costs compared to the environmental benefits due to:

a) geographical location or the local environmental conditions; or

b) the technical characteristics of the installation.

The competent authority must always document the reasons for the

application of the flexibility measures in the permit including the result of the

cost-benefit assessment.

Article 15(4) of the IED contains a process for derogation from the requirement

for regulators to set permit emission limit values such that, under normal

operating conditions, emissions do not exceed BAT AELs associated with BAT

conclusions. At the Permitting stage, consideration will need to be given to

whether the Proposed Development will need to comply with the BAT AELs or

whether the LCP falls outside the scope of the LCPBREF due to its higher

efficiency.

The plant design considered in this EIA Report will be developed with

cognisance of the Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for

Large Combustion Plants Final Draft (June 2016), as cited by Industrial

Emissions Directive 2010/75EU, and the associated UK Regulator

Interpretation Document (currently being drafted). The basis of assessment

for the Proposed Development is 50 mg Nm-3 (i.e. the prevailing limit and the

value used as the basis of assessment for the Consented Development).

Both the Consented Development and the Proposed Development would fall

under the provisions described above.

Options for meeting a future limit will be addressed in the context of BAT as

part of applying to the EA for an Environmental Permit to operate the

Proposed Development.

2.3.6 Cooling Water System

A system will be installed to provide water cooling for the exhaust steam from

the steam turbine, and as a coolant for the gas turbine oils, boiler pumps and

other parts of the generating plant. Since submission of the application for the

Consented Development, further work has been undertaken on the detailed

design. It is now most likely that an indirect cooling system will be used,

although in the event that Keadby I should permanently cease operation

before the Proposed Development takes place it is possible that Keadby I

cooling water infrastructure could be used in terms of the intake and outfall on

the River Trent, the pump house and the pipework to and from the station (see


Emissions Control Technology

Both the Consented Development and the Proposed Development will

include the addition of suitable emissions control techniques in the context

of future emission limits and the need to demonstrate BAT.


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Figure 2.1). This section provides an overview of the indirect cooling system.

For further details on the direct cooling system see Section 2.3.5 of the ES

(Annex D).

The cooling water system will mainly consist of a bank of hybrid cooling

towers. The Proposed Development, as presented in Figure 2.2, shows a

single bank of 12 cooling towers. Depending on the final layout of the

Proposed Development, there may be a single bank or two back-to-back

banks of cooling towers located in the western part of the Site. If back-to-back

banks are selected, this would increase the number of cooling towers required

to 16.

The Company has not determined which specific cooling tower configuration

will be utilised in the Proposed Development and therefore the EIA has been

undertaken adopting a worst case approach. The EIA has been carried out on

the basis of a single bank of 12 cooling towers as this option has the largest

number of exposed ‘faces’ from which noise is emitted, and has the longest

footprint span for the purposes of visual impact assessment.

When operating, approximately 19.6 Ml per day of water will be supplied from

the Stainforth and Keadby Canal by a new pumping station and pipework

connecting the canal to the Proposed Development. The Company has

liaised with the Canal and River Trust (CRT), which has operational

responsibility for the Stainforth and Keadby Canal, to discuss water provision

for the Consented Development. Correspondence with the Environment

Agency and CRT with regard to a sustainable supply of water to the Proposed

Development is included in Annex D to the ES. As agreed with the CRT

abstraction will not exceed 19.6 Ml per day but may vary in rate over the day

with periods of higher abstraction compensated by periods of lower extraction

over the 24 hour cycle.

Filtering and treatment of the abstracted water prior to use will be undertaken

on Site as required.

The water that evaporates during the cooling cycle will not contain the

dissolved solids that were originally in the water, so their concentration in the

remaining water will increase. If this process was allowed to continue,

eventually the solids would be too high a concentration to stay in solution and

would cause scaling or fouling. To avoid this, chemicals may be added and

some of the recirculating cooling water is purged from the system and

ultimately discharged.

As water concentrates in the cooling tower the ratio between the

concentrations of a chemical in the water in the tower, to the chemical in the

make-up water indicate the number of times the water has been concentrated.

For a concentration factor (CF) of 1 there is no concentration of the water (i.e.

a ‘once-through’ system. This is costly and inefficient in terms of chemical

dosing. The volume of purge water drops exponentially with increasing CF.

At CF2, the purge equals the evaporation rate and make-up water equals

twice the evaporation. At CF3 the make-up water equals one and half times

the evaporation. At CF 5, the make-up water equals one and a quarter times

the evaporation. Essentially the higher the CF, the less water is required and

the less chemicals are used all else being equal. The Proposed Development


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will likely operate with CFs between 3 and 5. As a result water demand and

discharge rates will be variable. Following treatment, cooling water will be

discharged to the River Trent, through a new pipeline to be installed in the

existing pipeline from Keadby I or the same pipeline by mixing the blowdown

of Keadby II with the outfall water of Keadby I. If a new pipeline is built, the

new Keadby II pipeline may either be installed in its own trench or inserted into

the existing Keadby I pipeline.

There is also a possible design scenario whereby the Proposed Development

could be part cooled using hybrid cooling towers and part cooled using the

existing Keadby I cooling system. In as much as this intermediate scenario

would not result in any increase in water abstraction and discharge rates or

thermal load above and beyond that existing for Keadby I, its environmental

effects are addressed by considering the Proposed Development operating

with hybrid cooling towers while Keadby I operates in normal mode in

accordance with its Environmental Permit. As such it is not necessary to

address this possible scenario in its own right since its potential environmental

effects will be within the envelope of effects assessed for the Proposed

Development.

2.3.7 Connection to Gas Transmission System

Keadby II will be fuelled by a supply of natural gas. The supply will be taken

from the existing National Gas Transmission System which has a connection

point at Keadby I via a purpose built gas compound. A new pipeline within the

boundary of the Site will connect the Proposed Development to the existing

gas compound. National Grid Gas has confirmed that there is sufficient

supply in this transmission network to meet the fuel demands of Keadby II and

Keadby I together.

2.3.8 Connection to National Grid Electricity Transmission System

The electricity generated by the Proposed Development will be exported to the

National Grid Electricity Transmission System. The grid connection will be

made immediately to the north of Keadby I and the Site to the existing

National Grid 400 kV Electricity Transmission System. The Proposed

Development will connect to the system via a new overhead line connection to

an existing transmission tower (pylon), which currently facilitates a connection

from Keadby I. As such, a new tower is needed to realign and reconnect

Keadby I to the system.


Cooling Water System

There are no material proposed changes to the cooling water system, since

indirect cooling was the basis of assessment in the ES.


Connection to Gas Transmission System

There are no proposed changes to the connection to the gas transmission

system.


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Consent has been granted for both the new connection and realignment of the

Keadby I connection under separate consents to this section 36 variation

application. As it is necessary for the grid connection for the Proposed

Development to be in place prior to commencement of operation, it is likely

that the programme for constructing the new tower and realignment will

overlap with the Proposed Development construction programme. Therefore,

these works have been considered, as described in Chapter 5 of the ES, as

schemes with potential for indirect and cumulative effects.

2.3.9 Landscaping

The completed Proposed Development will include perimeter planting and

nature conservation enhancement provisions. A Landscape Masterplan will

be prepared in consultation with North Lincolnshire Council and Lincolnshire

Wildlife Trust which will contain the details for these provisions.

2.3.10 Project Programme

The current overall programme is in part driven by a grid connection date

since commissioning tests cannot be undertaken in advance of a connection.

Unless the grid connection date is modified the earliest grid connection date is

2020. Construction and commissioning are anticipated to last 43 months, of

which the latter 12 months would be for testing and commissioning of the

Proposed Development. On the basis of this current programme and the

earliest date of commissioning, construction activities could begin in 2018 and

the Proposed Development could begin commercial operations in 2021.

Year 1 2 3 4

Months

1-3

4-6

7-9

10-1

2

13-1

5

16-1

8

19-2

1

22-2

4

25-2

7

28-3

0

31-3

3

33-3

6

37-3

9

40-4

3

Design and

procurement

Site

preparation

Construction

phase

Commissioning

The Proposed Development is designed to have an operational life of at least

25 years. The main pre-construction, construction and commissioning

activities proposed to be undertaken through this application and the


Connection to National Grid Electricity Transmission System

There are no proposed changes to the connection to National Grid

Electricity Transmission System.


Landscaping

There are no proposed changes to the site landscaping.


2-14

approximate duration of the works are indicatively outlined below. The actual

programme for the Proposed Development will however be subject to

contractor requirements.

2.4 CONSTRUCTION PHASE ACTIVITIES

2.4.1 Overview

The construction programme is expected to last approximately 43 months.

The construction works associated with the Proposed Development, including

construction laydown compounds, will occur within the footprint of the Site.

Construction staff will peak at 500 during the construction programme, with a

peak of 10 two-way HGV movements per hour. A number of abnormal

indivisible load (AIL) deliveries to the Site will be required. The AILs vary in

size and a maximum of 10 AIL deliveries may still need to be routed through

the village of Ealand over the construction phase as assessed in the ES. The

remainder can be accommodated using the access from the A18 and the

bridge that was constructed to facilitate development of the Keadby Windfarm.

2.4.2 Site Preparation

Site preparation works within the Proposed Development area will largely

comprise site levelling of material within the site area to create suitable

development platforms for the main power island and the cooling towers.

As part of the site preparation, further geotechnical investigations and

chemical analysis will be undertaken to confirm the ground conditions,

undertaken by a suitably qualified specialist. Any contaminated materials

identified will be treated and replaced or removed from Site for appropriate

disposal. The selected management option will be based on an assessment

of the potential for migration of contaminants to sensitive receptors.

It is anticipated that remnant foundations and piles from the former coal fired

power station may be encountered in places. In some instances


Project Programme

The estimated start date for construction of the Proposed Development

remains the same although the overall construction time has increased

from 36 to 43 months.


Construction Phase Activities Overview

Although a higher number of AIL deliveries will be required for the

Proposed Development when compared to the Consented Development,

the maximum of 10 AIL deliveries that may need to be routed through the

village of Ealand over the construction phase will remain the same. All

additional AIL deliveries will take an alternative route.


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demolition/removal may be required together with offsite disposal at a suitable

licensed facility.

As part of the site preparation works, trial trenching may be carried out in

areas where there will be intrusive works, such as piling, to establish presence

of archaeological interest or buried heritage. The works will be carried out

under Written Schemes of Investigation, to be submitted to and approved by

the local planning authority in advance of works commencing.

It is not anticipated that significant volumes of fill material will be imported to

the Site to create the development platforms. The development platform for

the Proposed Development will be at a height of 2.2 m above ordnance data

(AOD) plus 400 mm freeboard (or buffer) above this level, as agreed with the

Environment Agency. This will raise the Site above flood levels predicted for a

1 in 200 year tidal flood event, or a 1 in 100 year fluvial flood event, taking into

account 50 years of anticipated sea level rise. This will provide a built-in

safety factor for the Proposed Development from flood risk of over 130%.

2.4.3 Construction Laydown Areas

Temporary construction laydown areas will be required during the construction

phase. These will be located within the Proposed Development boundary,

with the main construction compound area located in the west of the Site,

occupying in the order of 5 ha of land.

This area will be used for storage, fabrication and temporary site facilities,

including the main contractor’s temporary site office and construction

workforce car parking. This area will be on hardstanding which will be either

reinstated or retained after construction as necessary or required. The area

will be cleared to allow access and safe working conditions.

2.4.4 Main Construction Works

The first stage of construction will require foundations, piling and concrete

base formation, as well as various other civil ground works. Piling for

foundations will be undertaken during day time only.

The main construction works will follow a logical sequence (albeit with some

activities overlapping), beginning with initial stages for the excavation for

structural foundations, services and drainage. The final stages will be for the

installation of the main power island equipment followed by commissioning

activities and the handover period.


Site Preparation

There are no proposed changes to site preparation.


Construction Laydown Areas

There are no proposed changes to the construction laydown areas.


2-16

The Proposed Development power plant buildings and structures will be

installed on reinforced concrete foundations. Driven pile foundations are likely

to be required for larger heavier equipment such as the gas turbine, steam

turbine and generator. Foundation types will be finalised as part of the

detailed design phase.

Once foundations are completed, super-structure construction will commence

with the provision of steel and/or concrete frames, cladding and other general

building works. Many of the plant items, such as boilers and turbines, will be

constructed offsite, requiring only final connection following delivery.

All materials will be delivered to Site by road and prefabricated plant items will

be delivered by abnormal load vehicles. All construction waste materials will

be regularly removed from the Site to an approved waste management site.

All hazardous wastes and waste containers will be appropriately stored on Site

prior to removal by a licensed contractor.

There will be a significant period of electrical and instrument connection,

testing, commissioning and re-testing prior to operation.

A landscaping strategy, to be agreed with the local planning authority and

relevant stakeholders, will be implemented.

2.4.5 Construction Plant

Consideration has been given to the types of mobile plant that are likely to be

used on Site during the site preparation and construction phase of the

Proposed Development. The typical suite of plant used is set out below:

excavators;

dump trucks;

cranes;

cherry pickers;

hoists;

fork lift trucks;

concrete delivery trucks;

concrete pumps;

piling rigs;

generators;

pumps; and

compressors.


Main Construction Works

There are no proposed changes to the main construction works.


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2.4.6 Site Access and Road Layout

Figure 2.5 illustrates the proposed access routes during construction and

operation.

Construction traffic is required to use the new access road that by-passes

Ealand and goes via Hatfield drain and North Pilfrey bridges, except in the

case of an emergency or for some abnormal indivisible loads (AIL), for which

the Company will require a special order from the Secretary of State for

Transport. The most appropriate route for AILs will be agreed on a case-by-

case basis, as required, in consultation with the local highways authority(ies).

It may be necessary to undertake works to strengthen the Hatfield drain bridge

to enable heavy loads to deliver to the Site (see also Section 2.4.1). In this

event, the Company will commit to undertaking these works, subject to

necessary permissions from the local planning authority.

Access roads will be constructed of stone / asphalt and all services, such as

water, electricity and telecommunications, will be routed within pipeline

corridors or under the access roads and or verges.

2.4.7 Site Drainage

Sustainable drainage systems will be incorporated within the design to

manage surface water on Site, mimicking pre-project surface run-off

characteristics. A drainage strategy will be produced to manage flood

volumes and water quality and will be included as part of the detailed design

process. The Proposed Development will adopt the principles of sustainable

drainage strategies (SuDS) as part of detailed design.


Construction Plant

There are no proposed changes to the construction plant used.


Site Access and Road Layout

There are no proposed changes to site access or road layout. As noted

above a higher number of AIL deliveries will be required, however, the

maximum of 10 AIL deliveries routed through the village of Ealand over the

construction phase will remain the same. All additional AIL deliveries will

take an alternative route.


Site Drainage

There are no proposed changes to the site drainage.

A18B1450

B1216

M181

M180

Construction Access Road

B1392

DRAWN: OBCHECKED: RMAPPROVED: KM

PROJECT: 0280278

Figure 2.5Site Access ±0 200 400 600 800 1,000

Metres


Path: \\UKEDIDC01\Data\Edinburgh\Projects\0280278_KeadbyGIS_GB_KM\MAPS\EIA 2017\0280278_SiteAccess_A02.mxdSOURCE: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS,AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User Community

PROJ

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N: Br

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Proposed DevelopmentBoundaryConstruction Access Road(dedicated access road fromA18)MotorwayA RoadB RoadMinor Road / Local Street

DATE: 06/07/2017



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2.4.8 Lighting

Task lighting during the construction phase will be required during the winter

months. The majority of construction activities will be undertaken during the

day time only, but safety requirements will lead to the need for some lighting

during late afternoon / early evening. Depending on the nature of the

construction task, it will not always be required to use high level task lighting.

Where it is not necessary to use high level lighting for safety purposes, low

level task lighting will be used.

2.4.9 Commissioning

The Proposed Development will be commissioned over a period of

approximately 12 months. The commissioning phase will prove the technical

acceptance of the Proposed Development.

Reliability tests will demonstrate the fitness for purpose of the Proposed

Development prior to commercial operation, and test compliance with plant

performance guarantees, including emission limits.

2.4.10 Construction Workforce

A construction workforce of approximately 300 personnel, with a peak of 500,

is expected. Details of the workforce will be confirmed as part of the

Contractor’s Requirements. The peak workforce will be employed on Site

during the busiest construction period which is expected to be between month

6 and month 30 of the construction programme. This will coincide with the

civils and installation of the turbine halls and mechanical and electrical plant.

The Company will encourage local contractors to tender for appropriate

elements of the works. SSE promotes local employment and procurement

where possible. In the context of the Proposed Development, this is

considered to be within an approximate 45 minute drive time from the Site.

Prior to commencement of construction, a ‘Meet the Buyer’ day will be held

locally, providing an opportunity for links to be made between the principal

contractor and the local supply chain. Specialist construction staff will be

required for installation of the generating plant, including turbines and boiler.


Lighting

There are no proposed changes to the construction lighting.


Commissioning

The commissioning phased has increased in time from approximately 26

weeks to 12 months.


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2.4.11 Construction Hours

Construction hours will be agreed with the local planning authority. It is

proposed that working hours will be in line with those for the Consented

Development, as follows:

Monday to Friday: 24 hours per day; and

Saturday: 08:00 to 14:00.

Typical Monday to Friday working hours will be two-shift with the majority of

construction activities carried out between 07:00 to 19:00. 24 hour working is

likely to be limited to periods when the construction activity is at its most

intensive (typically fit out and internal installation activities) and the

commissioning phase.

Pile driving for foundations and other potentially noisy activities identified in

the ES will be limited to the following times:

Monday to Friday: 08:00 to 18:00; and

Saturday: 08:00 to 14:00.

2.4.12 Environmental Management

In advance of construction, a Construction Environmental Management Plan

(CEMP) (or similar) will be finalised, in consultation with the local planning

authority, the Environment Agency and other relevant stakeholders. The main

purposes of the CEMP will be:

to provide a mechanism for ensuring that measures to mitigate potentially

adverse environmental and socio-economic impacts are implemented;

to ensure that standards of good construction practice are adopted

throughout the construction of the Proposed Development;

to provide a framework for mitigating impacts that may be unforeseen or

unidentified until construction is underway;

to provide assurance to third parties that their requirements and the

commitments made in the ES with respect to environmental performance

will be met; and


Construction Workforce

There are no proposed changes to the nature or numbers of the

construction workforce.


Construction Hours

There are no proposed changes to the construction hours for normal or

noisy activities.


2-21

to provide a framework for compliance auditing and inspection to enable

the Company to be assured that its aims with respect to environmental

performance are being met.

The CEMP will be developed as the Proposed Development proceeds through

the detailed design and pre-construction phases, in conjunction with the

appointed construction contractors, and in consultation with relevant bodies

such as the local planning authority, Environment Agency, Historic England

and Natural England. The CEMP will reflect any conditions and obligations

contained in the varied consent.

The CEMP will address a range of matters including:

site access, boundary fencing, security and public safety;

control of surface run-off and drainage;

construction waste management;

construction traffic routing and access;

control of dust;

control of noise;

storage and handling of fuels, lubricant oil and other hazardous materials;

protection of sensitive habitats and species;

archaeological watching brief;

lighting protocol; and

public communication and complaints handling procedures.

A framework CEMP is provided in Annex K of the ES.

2.5 OPERATION

2.5.1 Overview

The operational phase of the Proposed Development is defined as the period

during which electricity is generated.

During operation, and so as to meet the expected electricity demand profile, it

is expected that the Proposed Development will operate in one of two

operating modes:

two-shift mode; or

base load.

Operating at two-shift mode, the Proposed Development will run at its full

design capacity to meet the hours of peak demand, typically morning

(between 07:00 and 10:00) and evening (between 16:00 and 20:00) times.


Environmental Management

There are no proposed changes to the nature or content of the construction

environmental management system.


2-22

Operating at base load, the Proposed Development would generate

continuously to meet system demand.

The Proposed Development will be operated in accordance with an

Environmental Permit issued by the Environment Agency under the

Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2010.

2.5.2 Operational Staff

The Proposed Development will employ approximately 18 personnel (1). This

will include a range of roles, including:

electrical engineers;

mechanical and electrical operatives;

control and instrumentation engineers;

security personnel, and

administrative staff.

Plant operative staff will work on a two 12-hour shift pattern, with the first shift

between 07:00 - 19:00 and the second between 19:00 - 07:00.

Administrative staff will typically work an office-hour pattern of 08:30 – 18:00.

2.5.3 Safety, Health and Environmental Management

The Company’s approach to safety health and environmental (SHE)

management is accredited to ISO14001 and OHSAS18001. The Company’s

SHE policy including the Major Accident Prevention Policy addresses such

matters needed to properly address SHE management, including:

management organisation;

workforce (and contractor) competence, training and support;

systematic identification of hazards and risk assessment;

plant integrity and maintenance;

safe systems of work;

controls for the safe operation of processes;

emergency planning; and

SHE performance indicators and continuous improvement.

(1) This number of staff assumes that Keadby II and Keadby I will both be operating. If Keadby I permanently ceased

operations the number of staff needed to operate Keadby II would increase.


Operational Staff

There are no proposed changes to the nature or numbers of the

operational staff.


2-23

2.5.4 Hazardous Substances Management

All industrial facilities that need to hold stocks of certain hazardous substances

above a threshold require Hazardous Substances consent under The Planning

(Hazardous Substances) Regulations 2015. Materials such as process

chemicals and lubricant oils that do pose a risk to human health and the

environment will be stored on secure areas (e.g. with secondary containment,

impervious bases) and handled in accordance with operational management

systems.

2.5.5 Security Management

The Proposed Development will incorporate the necessary security

infrastructure and systems that are required for nationally important power

generation infrastructure. It is likely that this will be broadly similar to and/or

integrated with that for Keadby I in terms of boundary security fencing,

external car parking and a 24 hour manned security gate and gatehouse.

2.6 DECOMMISSIONING

The Proposed Development is expected to operate for at least 25 years. If at

the end of this period, the Company wishes to take the plant out of permanent

operation, it will be decommissioned, dismantled and removed from the Site.

The site would be restored to its pre-project condition.

2.1.1 Comparison of Consented Development with Proposed Development:

Safety, Health and Environmental Management

There are no proposed changes to safety, health and environmental

management.


Hazardous Substances Management

There are no proposed changes in regard to storage and use of hazardous

substances.


Security Management

There are no proposed changes to the security management

arrangements.


Decommissioning

There are no proposed changes to the decommissioning plans.


2-24

2.7 ALTERNATIVES

2.7.1 Overview

As this application relates to a variation of an existing section 36 consent, the

Company has not assessed alternative sites in the given instance. However it

is worth noting that the 1992 EA for construction and operation of a combined

cycle gas turbine generating station of about 710 MW at this site reported the

main advantages of the Keadby site as including the availability of a gas

supply without the need for a new pipeline and a nearby connection to the

National Grid that can be achieved via short lengths of cable and a single

pylon. The Proposed Development will also be located on land previously

used for power generation. Therefore it avoids many of the environmental

effects associated with a similar development located on a ‘green field’ site or

located on ‘brown field’ site that does not have the requisite gas and grid

connections.

The Company has given consideration to certain alternatives, including

alternative technologies, within the context of CCGT development. In addition,

as described in Section 2.3.1, the proposals allow for flexibility in the design

process, and in particular for single or multi-shaft gas and steam turbine

configurations.

2.7.2 Cooling Options

General Considerations

Potential cooling options include:

water cooling through direct abstraction from and discharge to the River

Trent as is currently done for Keadby I;

indirect water cooling using water from the Stainforth and Keadby Canal

cooling system as proposed for the Consented Development;

indirect cooling using water from the River Trent;

air cooling.

For each of these options there are associated environmental and

sustainability factors to be considered.

Direct Cooling

The water volumes used and discharged in direct cooling are considerable

and it is thought unlikely that a system for the Proposed Development running

alongside that for Keadby I would be sustainable in terms of effects on the

Trent ecosystem unless they were separated by a large distance. A large

separation distance would introduce additional needs in terms of pipework,

land access and costs as well as technical considerations in terms of pumping

capacity and pump house location. For these reasons a second direct cooling

system to serve Keadby II was rejected.


2-25

Air Cooling

Air cooling has no water demand of any note. However, the structures

involved in air cooling demand a large land take, are visually large in mass

(e.g. compared to the hybrid cooling towers used in indirect cooling) and give

rise to higher noise emissions than water cooling systems. Cost and

generation efficiency are also considerations as air cooling places the highest

parasitic load on a station of all cooling options.

Indirect Cooling

Indirect cooling has a water demand, but much less so than direct cooling, and

also requires hybrid cooling towers, albeit of modest dimensions when

compared with air cooling equipment. While the River Trent offers a ready

source of water, indirect cooling requires water of a certain minimum quality.

River Trent water at this location would require considerable treatment,

possibly involving settlement lagoons with a large land take. For this reason

the Company explored the feasibility of abstraction of water from the Stainforth

and Keadby Canal, with a return to the River Trent via the Keadby I outfall.

Through consultation with the Canal and River Trust (CRT) it is confirmed that

there are unconstrained water volumes available for the required cooling duty.

Correspondence between SSE and CRT is included in Annex D of the

Consented Development ES.

The Proposed Development will therefore use indirect water cooling,

abstracting water from the Stainforth and Keadby Canal. Other than avoiding

some of the environmental effects entailed by their alternatives, the main

reasons for the choice of indirect water cooling, taking into account the

environmental effects, were as follows.

1. Indirect cooling using hybrid cooling towers has a low volume requirement

for water that can be met sustainably from a nearby source.

2. The water quality of the source is sufficiently good to meet operational

needs without extensive pre-treatment such as the use of space

consuming settlement ponds.

3. Modern hybrid cooling towers have a relatively low profile and plume

abatement thus reducing their visual prominence.

Potential use of Keadby I Cooling Water Infrastructure

It should be noted that in the event that Keadby I permanently ceased

operation then the Proposed Development would consider the direct cooling

option using the Keadby I cooling water infrastructure. This would be an

attractive option from cost and environmental effect perspectives, since it

would use existing infrastructure, have a smaller land take, be less visually

prominent and be less noisy at receptors close to the proposed hybrid cooling

tower location.

2.7.3 Site Access

The site will be accessed from the public road network via a dedicated access

road and this will be used by all HGVs and other heavy commercial vehicle

traffic.


2-26

Since the site is adjacent to a canal consideration was given to delivery of

materials and equipment via water transport. However, there are several

constraints in terms of such matters as the size of the lock from the River

Trent into the canal, lack of canal-side unloading facilities and impedance of

safe crane operations by the presence of overhead lines. While some of

these could be overcome it would have extended the footprint and added to

the environmental effects of construction activity.

For abnormal loads there are two feasible alternatives (see also Chapter 11 of

the Consented Development ES):

via the A18 entrance, making use of the skewed access and bridge that

was constructed to facilitate development of the Keadby Windfarm; or

along the route via the A161 and along New Trent Street and Bonnyhale

Road through Ealand as used in the past for abnormal loads.

The route ultimately used will be determined on the basis of the actual sizes

and weights of the equipment to be transported to the site and applications

made to the Highways Agency.

2.8 POSSIBLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

2.8.1 Combined Heat and Power

Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is the simultaneous generation of usable

heat and electrical power in a single process and is more efficient than

generating heat and power separately. This can provide a more efficient and

less carbon-intensive generating process.

In line with the requirements of National Policy Statement (NPS) EN-2, an

assessment for combined heat and power (CHP) offtake potential was

undertaken for the Consented Development and has been updated for this

EIA Report (see Annex F).

The CHP report has identified potential offtakes, including Lincolnshire Lakes,

which will be considered further at the appropriate time when the Proposed

Development is operational. The Company will continue to review CHP

opportunities as the Proposed Development progresses.

2.8.2 Carbon Capture Readiness

The Carbon Capture Readiness (Electricity Generating Stations) Regulations

2013 have introduced the need for new generating stations to consider carbon

capture. Whilst there is no requirement at present for plants to install carbon

capture technology from the outset, it is necessary to demonstrate that there is


Alternatives

There are no changes to the alternatives considered in the Consented

Development ES.


2-27

suitable provision for carbon capture technology in the future: referred to as

‘carbon capture readiness’ (CCR).

The Proposed Development will have a generating capacity of up to 910 MW,

thereby exceeding the threshold set out in NPS EN-2, requiring all generating

stations above 300 MW capacity to make provision for carbon capture

storage.

As shown on Figure 2.2, an area of land in the west of the Site has been set

aside for future carbon capture technology to be installed. The land

requirement for future carbon capture equipment has been assessed based

on the scale of the Proposed Development, and details are provided in the

separate ‘Carbon Capture Readiness Report for Keadby 2 CCGT’ in Annex G.

Imperial College guidance on the minimum land requirement for CCS retrofit

to a CCGT is 48 m2 per MW. A 910MW plant therefore requires 43,680 m2 of

land. The Carbon Capture Readiness Report for Keadby 2 CCGT states that

the area of land available for a CCS plant is 45,000 m2. On this basis the land

set aside for CCS for the Consented Development is adequate to cover the

slightly increased land requirement for the Proposed Development. In

addition, specific technology for carbon capture has not been selected. By

safeguarding this land for future carbon capture, there will be flexibility within

the varied consent for installation of equipment to enable carbon capture.

The likely nature of any future carbon capture equipment cannot be foreseen

at this stage so the only element of it that is assessed in the context of effects

on the environment is the land take. At such time when it is appropriate for

carbon capture equipment to be installed, this would require additional

consent which would be subject to assessment.


Possible Future Development

There are no proposed changes that are material to the possible future

development scenarios considered in the Consented Development ES.