A) B)

C) D)

1. The diagram below represents a Foucault pendulum that is swinging back and forth.

Which diagram best represents the change in the motion of a Foucault pendulum that providesevidence of Earth's rotation?

2. Base your answer to the following question on thediagram below. The diagram represents the Earth at aposition in orbit around the Sun, the Sun's rays at solarnoon, and the direction to Polaris. Letters A through D represent positions on the Earth's surface.

A) B) C) D)

A projectile is launched from a point near the NorthPole toward the Equator. Which diagram bestrepresents the apparent path of the projectile, asviewed from the Earth?

A) variations in atmospheric densityB) apparent shifts in the swing of a Foucault

pendulumC) changes in the position of sunspots on the SunD) eclipses of the Moon

3. The best evidence that Earth spins on its axis isprovided by

A) the tilt of the globe's axisB) the Coriolis effectC) the globe's revolutionD) dynamic equilibrium

4. The diagram below represents an activity in which aneye dropper was used to place a drop of water on aspinning globe. Instead of flowing due south towardthe target point, the drop followed a curved path andmissed the target.

The actual path results from

A) rotation B) revolutionC) tilted axis D) gravity

5. A Foucault pendulum appears to change its directionof swing over a period of several hours because ofEarth’s

A) rotation of EarthB) revolution of EarthC) tilt of Earth's axisD) shape of Earth's orbit

6. The apparent change in direction of a swingingFoucault pendulum is the result of the

A) right, due to the Coriolis effectB) right, due to the Doppler effectC) left, due to the Coriolis effectD) left, due to the Doppler effect

7. In the Northern Hemisphere, planetary winds deflectto the

A) Moon's rotation on its axisB) Moon's revolution around the EarthC) Earth's rotation on its axisD) Earth's revolution around the Sun

8. In 1851, the French physicist Jean Foucaultconstructed a large pendulum that always changed itsdirection of swing at the same rate in a clockwisedirection. According to Foucault, this change indirection of swing was caused by the

A) rotation of Earth on its axisB) unequal heating of Earth’s surfaceC) gravitational force of the MoonD) gravitational force of the Sun

9. What causes many surface winds to deflect to theright in the Northern Hemisphere?

A) Doppler effectB) Coriolis effectC) tilt of Earth's axisD) polar front jet stream

10. Planetary winds in the Northern Hemisphere aredeflected to the right due to the

A) location of mid-oceanic ridge volcanoes and thedistribution of index fossils

B) movement of Foucault pendulums and theCoriolis effect on air movement

C) pattern of changing seasons and the depth ofmeteor impacts

D) rate of uranium-238 decay and changes inatmospheric composition

11. The best evidence that Earth rotates is provided bythe

A) Earth rotatesB) Earth's axis is tiltedC) Earth revolvesD) Earth has a magnetic pole

12. The diagram below shows a heavy mass movingback and forth in a straight-line direction. Theapparent direction of movement changes over time.

This device provides evidence that

A) the Moon spins on its axisB) the Moon travels in an orbit around EarthC) Earth spins on its axisD) Earth travels in an orbit around the Sun

13. Surface ocean currents curve to the right in theNorthern Hemisphere because

14. The diagram below represents a Foucault pendulum that is swinging back and forth.

Which diagram best represents the change in the motion of a Foucault pendulum that providesevidence of Earth's rotation?

A) B)

C) D)

15. The arrow on the map below represents the direction a wind is blowing over a land surface in theNorthern Hemisphere without showing the Coriolis effect.

Which dashed arrow represents how the wind direction will change in the Northern Hemisphere dueto the Coriolis effect?

A) A B) B C) C D) D

16. The arrows in the diagram below show changes inthe direction of surface winds at four letteredlocations, A, B, C, and D, on Earth.

The arrow at which location correctly shows adeflection of the wind that could be due to theCoriolis effect?

A) The Earth is rotating on its axis.B) The axis of the Earth is tilted.C) The Earth is revolving around the Sun.D) The Earth is moving away from the Sun.

17. In the diagram below, the arrows represent the pathsof moving fluids on the surface of the Earth.

Which statement best explains why the fluid isdeflected?

A) tilt of Earth’s axisB) spin of Earth on its axisC) deflection of Earth’s planetary windsD) movement of Earth in its orbit around the Sun

18. A Foucault pendulum appears to change its directionof swing due to the

A) varies in distance from the SunB) is tilted on its axisC) spins on its axisD) travels around the Sun

19. The motion of a Foucault pendulum providesevidence that Earth

A) rotates on its axisB) revolves around the SunC) undergoes cyclic tidal changesD) has a slightly eccentric orbit

20. The Coriolis effect provides evidence that Earth

A) rotates on its axisB) revolves in its orbitC) is tilted on its axisD) has an elliptical orbit

21. The path of a Foucault pendulum provides evidencethat Earth

A) to the right of the direction of travelB) to the left of the direction of travelC) upward away from Earth’s surfaceD) downward toward Earth’s surface

22. The Coriolis effect causes winds in New York Stateto generally curve

A) the revolving EarthB) the rotating EarthC) the Coriolis effectD) convection currents

23. The diagram below shows the equipment used todemonstrate a Foucault pendulum.

In the demonstration, a student swings the weighthanging in the pail and then spins the stool. Thestool represents

A) tilted axis B) orbital shapeC) revolution D) rotation

24. The Coriolis effect is a result of Earth's

A) tilt B) Moon phasesC) wind belts D) tectonic plates

25. The diagram below represents an activity in whichan eye dropper was used to place a drop of water ona spinning globe. Instead of flowing due southtoward the target point, the drop appeared to followa curved path and missed the target.

This curved-path phenomenon most directly affectsthe Earth's

A) the Coriolis effectB) high- and low-pressure beltsC) Earth's revolutionD) the tilt of Earth's axis

26. The curving of the planetary winds to the right in theNorthern Hemisphere is evidence of

27. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents the Moonorbiting Earth as viewed from space above the North Pole. The Moon is shown at eight differentpositions in its orbit.

A) Foucault pendulum B) seismographC) thermometer D) wind vane

Which device when placed on the Moon would provide evidence of Moon rotation?

A) rotates B) has a tilted axisC) has seasons D) revolves

28. The Coriolis effect provides evidence that Earth

A) Doppler effectB) Coriolis effectC) tilt of Earth's axisD) uneven heating of Earth's surface

29. In the Northern Hemisphere, planetary winds aredeflected to the right due to the

A) is tilted on its axisB) is spinning on its axisC) has a curved surfaceD) has a density of 5.5 g/cm3

30. A Foucault pendulum appears to change its directionof swing because Earth

A) curved surface B) tilted axisC) rotation D) revolution

31. The diagram below represents a swinging Foucaultpendulum.

This pendulum will show an apparent change in thedirection of its swing due to Earth's

A) seasonal changes B) plate tectonicsC) the Doppler effect D) the Coriolis effect

32. Planetary winds and ocean currents are deflected tothe right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the leftin the Southern Hemisphere due to

A) shape of Earth's orbitB) shape of the Milky Way galaxyC) changes in the total yearly duration of

insolation at a location on EarthD) apparent changes in the direction of swing of

a Foucault pendulum

33. The best evidence of Earth's rotation is provided bythe

A) orbit around the SunB) curved surfaceC) tilted axisD) spin on its axis

34. The diagram below represents a Foucault pendulumswinging freely for 8 hours.

The Foucault pendulum appears to gradually changeits direction of swing due to Earth's

A) the Sun’s rotationB) the Sun’s revolutionC) Earth’s rotationD) Earth’s revolution

35. The motion of a Foucault pendulum providesevidence of

A) right in both the Northern and SouthernHemispheres

B) right in the Northern Hemisphere and left inthe Southern Hemisphere

C) left in the Northern Hemisphere and right in theSouthern Hemisphere

D) left in both the Northern and SouthernHemispheres

36. The diagram below shows some examples of howsurface winds are deflected in the Northern andSouthern Hemispheres because of Earth's rotation.

Earth's rotation causes winds to be deflected to the

A) phases of the MoonB) altitude of the noontime Sun from day to dayC) apparent path of a Foucault pendulumD) velocity of Earth in its orbit

37. The best evidence that Earth rotates on its axis is thechanging

A) nearly spherical shapeB) gravitational attraction to the SunC) rotation on its axisD) nearly circular orbit around the Sun

38. The photograph below shows a Foucault pendulumat a museum. The pendulum knocks over pins in aregular pattern as it swings back and forth.

This pendulum movement, and the pattern ofknocked-over pins, is evidence of Earth's

A) orbit around the SunB) spin on its axisC) magnetic fieldD) force of gravity

39. The planetary winds in Earth’s Northern Hemispheregenerally curve to the right due to Earth’s

A) tilt of Earth on its axisB) rotation of Earth on its axisC) revolution of Earth in its orbitD) speed of Earth in its orbit

40. The diagram below shows a large pendulum inmotion over an 8-hour period.

What is the main reason the pendulum appears tochange its direction of swing over time?

A) Earth’s tilt on its axisB) the spin of Earth on its axisC) the orbital motion of the Moon around EarthD) the orbital motion of Earth around the Sun

41. What causes the Coriolis effect?

A) revolution of Earth around the SunB) revolution of the Moon around EarthC) rotation of Earth on its axisD) rotation of the Moon on its axis

42. Which motion causes the Coriolis effect on Earth?

A) rotation of the EarthB) revolution of the EarthC) unequal heating of the EarthD) variations in salinity of the Earth's oceans

43. Ocean currents exhibit the Coriolis effect as a resultof the

A) A B) B C) C D) D

44. The diagram below represents a globe that isspinning to represent Earth rotating. The globe isspinning in the direction indicated by the arrow.Points A, B, C, D, X, and Y are locations on theglobe.

A student attempted to draw a straight line frompoint X to point Y on the spinning globe. Due to theCoriolis effect, the student's drawn line most likelypassed through point

A) B) C) D)

45. Which diagram correctly shows how surface windsare deflected (curved) in the Northern and SouthernHemispheres due to Earth's rotation?

A) revolution around the Sun in a geocentric solarsystem

B) revolution around the Sun in a heliocentricsolar system

C) rotation on its axis in a geocentric solar systemD) rotation on its axis in a heliocentric solar

system

46. The Foucault pendulum provides evidence of Earth's

A) revolution B) rotationC) tilted axis D) elliptical orbit

47. The Foucault pendulum and the Coriolis effect bothprovide evidence of Earth's

A) unequal heating of land and water surfacesB) movement of low-pressure weather systemsC) orbiting of Earth around the SunD) spinning of Earth on its axis

48. In the Northern Hemisphere, planetary windsblowing from north to south are deflected, or curved,toward the west. This deflection is caused by the

A) revolution B) rotationC) spherical shape D) elliptical orbit

49. The direction of swing of a Foucault pendulumappears to change due to Earth’s

A) the Sun rotates on its axisB) the Sun revolves around EarthC) Earth rotates on its axisD) Earth revolves around the Sun

50. A Foucault pendulum is used to prove that

A) B)

C) D)

51. Which diagram correctly represents the curving of Earth's ocean currents and prevailing winds due tothe Coriolis effect?

A) tectonic platesB) PolarisC) a wind vaneD) a Foucault pendulum

52. The best evidence that Earth spins on its axis is themotion of

Answer KeyFoucault Pendulum and Coriolis Effect

1. A2. D3. B4. B5. A6. A7. A8. C9. A10. B11. B12. A13. C14. A15. B16. A17. A18. B19. C20. A21. A22. A23. B24. D25. C26. A27. A28. A29. B30. B31. C32. D33. D34. D35. C

36. B37. C38. C39. B40. B41. B42. C43. A44. B45. C46. D47. B48. D49. B50. C51. D52. D