1993°94MINERAL ANDSTATISTICS DIGEST

PETROLEUM

Royalties, Economic Policy and Public Affairs Division

DEPARTMENT OF MINERALS ANDWESTERN AUSTRALIA

ENERGY

COVER PHOTOGRAPH:AMAZON MARU taking on Iron Ore at BHP’s

Nelson Point Loading Facility, Port Hedland.

Resource Cen{rePolicy Brancl~

Dep~o of Minerals & Energy

FOREWORD

Since opening one hundred years ago in 1894, an important function carried out by theDepartment of Minerals and Energy has been the provision of statistics on the mineral andpetroleum industry.

These statistics continue to play an important role in the mining industry. They are used bycompanies and the Government to assist in management and investment decisions.

I am pleased to present the 1993-94 Mineral and Petroleum Statistics Digest, containing themost comprehensive statistical information available on the Western Australian mining industry.

The resource industry has always been important to the economic health of Western Australia.Moreover, with continued concern over Australia’s international trade balance, WesternAustralia’s mineral and petroleum exports play an essential role in improving the current accountdeficit. It is timely, therefore, that this edition of the Digest includes for the first time informationon export destinations.

The statistics on mineral and petroleum exports were assembled by the Department withassistance from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and resource companies. I would like tothank these organisations for their help as it would be impossible to present such acomprehensive publication without their support.

Previous surveys of our readers have found that this publication is generally well regarded anduseful. We want to ensure that this remains the case and hence this edition includes a surveyform canvassing your views. I would appreciate it if you could make suggestions and commentson the form and return it to the Department. This will enable us to provide an improved serviceto all of our customers.

K R PerryDIRECTOR GENERAL

C U S T 0 H E R~: 0 C U S

D E PAR

STERN

T M E NT

STRA

O F

DIGEST OF MINERAL AND

PETROLEUM STATISTICS

1993-94

The purpose of this Digest is to show the significance of mineral andpetroleum production in the economy of Western Australia, and the

interaction of the industry with the global economy.

ROYALTIES, ECONOMIC POLICY

AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS DIVISION

MINERAL HOUSE

100 PLAIN STREET

EAST PERTH WA 6004

TELEPHONE: (09) 222 3106INTERNATIONAL: 61 9 222 3106

FACSIMILE: (09) 222 3069INTERNATIONAL: 61 9 222 3069

DECEMBER 1994

CONTENTS

Page

Abbreviations, References, Units and Conversion Factors ........................................................... (i)

1. OVERVIEW

1.1 Review of the World Economy ..........................................................................................11.2 Review of the Australian Economy ....................................................................................41.3 Economic Factors Affecting the Mining Industry ...............................................................51.4 Social and Political Factors Affecting the Mining Industry .................................................7

=REVIEW OF MAJOR MINERALS AND PETROLEUM

2.1 Overview and Outlook .......................................................................................................102.2 Gold ...................................................................................................................................102.3 Iron Ore .............................................................................................................................122.4 Petroleum ..........................................................................................................................152.5 Alumina ..............................................................................................................................172.6 Diamonds ...........................................................................................................................192.7 Nickel .................................................................................................................................202.8 Heavy Mineral Sands ........................................................................................................212.9 Other Minerals ...................................................................................................................24

3. MINERAL AND PETROLEUM EXPLORATION .....................................................................25

QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM 1992-93, 1993-94 ................ 29

QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM BY LOCALGOVERNMENT AREA ............................................................................................................33

6. ROYALTY RECEIPTS 1992-93, 1993"94 ............................................................................... 40

7. EMPLOYMENT IN THE MINERAL AND PETROLEUM INDUSTRIES ............. . ....................43

8. PRINCIPAL MINERAL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCERS ...................................................47

TABLES

4.1

5.1

6.1

.7.1

QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM 1992-93, 1993-94 ..................29

QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM BY LOCALGOVERNMENT AREA ............................................................................................................33

ROYALTY RECEIPTS 1992-93,1993-94 ................................................................................40

EMPLOYMENT IN THE MINERAL AND PETROLEUM INDUSTRIES ...................................44

1.1

1.2

1.3

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

2.11

2.12

2.13

2.14

2.15

2.16

2.17

2.18

2.19

2.20

2.21

2.22

2.23

2.24

3.1

4.1

6.1

FIGURES

EXCHANGE RATE: $A/$US .........................................................................................., ..... 2

EXCHANGE RATE: $A/Yen ....................................................................................................4

MAJOR MINERAL AND PETROLEUM PROJECTS IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA ..................9

GOLD QUARTERLY PRODUCTION & VALUE ......................................................................10

GOLD PRODUCTION .............................................................................................................11

GOLD PRICE ..........................................................................................................................11

GOLD EXPORTS ....................................................................................................................12

IRON ORE QUARTERLY PRODUCTION & VALUE ..............................................................12

IRON ORE PRICE ...................................................................................................................13

IRON ORE PRODUCTION ......................................................................................................13

IRON ORE EXPORTS .............................................................................................................14

CRUDE OIL PRICE .................................................................................................................15

OIL & CONDENSATE QUARTERLY PRODUCTION & VALUE .............................................15

OIL & CONDENSATE PRODUCTION ....................................................................................16

PETROLEUM EXPORTS ........................................................................................................16

ALUMINA QUARTERLY PRODUCTION & VALUE ................................................................17

ALUMINA PRODUCTION .......................................................................................................18

ALUMINA PRICE .....................................................................................................................18

ALUMINA EXPORTS ...............................................................................................................19

NICKEL QUARTERLY PRODUCTION & VALUE ...................................................................20

NICKEL EXPORTS ..................................................................................................................20

NICKEL PRICE ........................................................................................................................21

NICKEL PRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................21

HEAVY MINERAL SANDS PRICE INDEX ..............................................................................22

HEAVY MINERAL SAND EXPORTS ......................................................................................22

ILMENITE QUARTERLY PRODUCTION & VALUE ................................................................23

ILMENITE PRODUCTION .......................................................................................................23

SELECTED RESOURCE EXPLORATION LOCALITIES ........................................................28

COMPARATIVE VALUE OF PRODUCTION 1988-89, 1993-94 .............................................32

COMPARATIVE ROYALTY RECEIPTS 1988-89, 1993-94 ....................................................42

ABBREVIATIONS, REFERENCES, UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS

As the following document makes use of abbreviations and references, an explanation of each hasbeen included below. A conversion table, relating the units by which various commodities aremeasured, has also been provided.

ABBREVIATIONS

cons concentrates f.o.t, free on truckf.o.b, free on board n.a. not availablef.o.r, free on rail n.ap. not applicable$A Australian Dollar $US United States DollarABS Australian Bureau of Statistics LME London Metals ExchangeAFR Australian Financial Review BMR Bureau of Mineral ResourcesABARE Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics

N,A,

(a)(b)(c)

(d)(e)(f)

(g)(h)(i)(J)(k)(r)

REFERENCES

Not available for publication.Estimated f.o.b value.Metallic by-product of nickel mining.Value based on the average Australian Value of Alumina as published by the AustralianBureau of Statistics.Value at works.Estimated ex-mine value.Value based on monthly production and average gold price of that month as supplied byGoldCorp.Estimated f.o.t value.Estimated f.o.r value.Estimated f.o.b value based on the current price of nickel containing products.Delivered value.Metallic by-product of copper mining.Revised from previous edition.

UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORSMetric Unit Symbol Imperial Unit

Mass 1 gram (g) = 0.032151 troy (fine) ounce (oz)1 kilogram (kg) = 2.20462 pounds (Ibs)1 tonne (t) = 1.10231 United States short ton (1 U.S. short ton = 2,000 Ibs)1 tonne (t) = 0.98421 United Kingdom long ton (1 U.K. long ton = 2,240 Ibs)1 kilolitre (kl) = 6.28981 barrels (bbls)1 kilolitre (kl) = 1 cubic metre (m3)1 cubic metre (m3) = 35.3147 cubic feet (ft3)

1 kilojoule (kJ) = 0.94781 British Thermal Units (Btu)1 gigajoule (G J) = 0.94781 million British Thermal Units (MBtu)1 petajoule (PJ) = 0.94781 million million British Thermal Units (MMBtu)

Volume

Energy

Prefix: kilo (k) 103

mega (M) 106

giga (G) 109

tera (T) 1012peta (P) 1015

1. OVERVIEW

1.1 Review of the World Economy

Growth in the world economy was stronger

than expected in 1993-94. This was mainlydue to strong recovery in the United State’seconomy. However, the overall improvementwas characterised by a diversity in individualeconomic performances. While recovery fromthe recession began in the US, Canada, theUnited Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand,growth was very slow in Western Europe andJapan and probably negative in theCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS).

The US economy grew strongly in 1993-94with its GDP increasing by 3.4%. The maincontributors to the growth were increasedconsumption expenditure and equipment andinventory investment. Despite the strong pace

of recovery, inflationary pressures remainedsubdued. To maintain a lid on inflation theFederal Reserve increased interest rates in thesecond half of 1993-94.

Further strengthening of industrial productionand business investment is expected tosustain strong growth in the United States’economy for at least the first half of 1994-95,with forecasts suggesting that GDP growth islikely to reach 4% in 1994. As the rate ofindustrial capacity utilisation has beenmaintained at high levels, fears have beenexpressed that the US economy may beexpanding beyond its long term capacity,which together with rising commodity prices,

has fuelled inflationary expectations. Theunemployment rate for example, towards the

end of 1993-94 was around 6% - close to thepoint where wage and price pressures couldbe expected to develop. Given perceptions onlong term sustainable growth, the US FederalReserve would be required to further tightenmonetary policy if the forecast 4% growth inGDP is carried over into 1995. This couldinduce a cyclical downturn.

Another aspect of growth in the US economyto consider is that the average duration ofpost-war US expansion has been about 43months. As the current period of growth beganin April 1991, commentators have expressedpessimism about growth continuing beyond1995.

In November 1993 the US Congress passedthe North American Free Trade Agreement

(NAFTA). This regional trade alliance

eliminates most barriers to trade and

investment between the US, Canada andMexico over the next 15years. TheAssociation will help sustain US economicgrowth and a give a boost to the lethargicCanadian economy which has been inrecession over the last couple of years. It willalso help facilitate and encourage theburgeoning trade between US and Mexico.

Despite the significant increases in

government expenditures over the past twoyears, the Japanese economy grew onlymarginally in 1993-94. It appears that Japan’seconomic activity may have reached its nadir

in the December quarter of 1993-94 whengrowth was -0.7%. However, although growthin the March quarter recovered to 1.0%, in theJune quarter it slipped again to -0.4%. Japan’spoor performance was reflected in industrialproduction being down 3% in 1993-94. TheJapanese labour market suffered accordingly,with unemployment in 1993-94 averaging arate of 2.7%. Whilst this may be the envy ofWestern policy makers, in Japan, thisrepresents the highest unemployment rate

since 1988.

Weakness in the Japanese economy has beenblamed on the relatively poor performance ofthe export sector. This has been caused bythe sharp strengthening of the Yen whichsignificantly reduced export profitability,competitiveness and production in Japan’sexport and import competing industries. Thesituation has been compounded with theeconomy being shackled by the high cost

structure in many sectors of its industry,products and services. Unless the Yen is todecrease significantly in value, it is envisagedthat regulatory changes and opening ofmarkets will be required to stimulate demandand make way new for industries.

EXCHANGE RATE: $A/Yen

Yen110

lOO

90

80

70

60

50ASO " D J F MA" J J ASO N D J FMA"

MONTHS

SOU rc~: Reserve Bc~k Bulletin Figure 1,2

Some tentative signs of economicimprovement emerged from Japanese

domestic indicators such as retail sales whichincreased in June 1994. However, this maysimply have resulted from the distribution of taxrebates, as Government programs have also

been important in stimulating housinginvestment, which rose strongly in the finalquarter of 1993-94. It was therefore apparentthat despite general reports of a Japaneseeconomic recovery towards the end of thefinancial year, there were in fact very few

concrete signs of a recovery gainingmomentum.

The short term outlook for Japan remainsuncertain and will continue to be influenced bymovements in the Yen, especially against the$US. A weaker Japanese currency wouldsupport exports and boost growth.

Growth remained strong in most other Asiancountries and continued to fuel concerns aboutinflation. China is a case in hand, where in1993-94 GDP growth was in the vicinity of10%. However, this was accompanied bydouble digit inflation, fuelled by increasing

urban income. The Chinese Government’sresponse to escalating prices and runawayinvestment has been to tighten credit, placeprice controls on some basic commodities andrestrict ’speculative’ financial trading.

Despite these measures, China’s industrialoutput has remained strong and it thereforeappears that efforts to reign in inflation havebeen slow to take affect. This has been theresult of having to compromise monetary policyin an effort to keep heavily indebted Stateenterprises afloat. China has around 11,000large and medium state firms and at least halfare unprofitable. Characteristic of the difficultyin transforming an unwieldy centrally plannedeconomy to a market orientated system, the

authorities cannot afford to allow thousands ofthese businesses to close. To do so, carriesthe risk of social unrest involving unemployedworkers.

Nevertheless, tighter credit and monetarypolicies have met with some success, byeffectively containing and redirecting domesticcapital flows away from the real estate industryin favour of state infrastructure. At the sametime, new private infrastructure investment isalso being encouraged as well as foreign directinvestment in infrastructure and manufacturing.These policies are encouraging for China’slong term growth prospects.

Singapore’s 1993-94 growth rate of over 9%was second only to China. Strong growthreflected an overwhelming strength in exports,with the manufacturing, chemical industry,business and financial sectors of the economyperforming strongly. Although Singapore’seconomy is growing faster than what theauthorities would like to see, despite increasinglabour market constraints the inflation rate in

1993-94 remained relatively stable at around

4%.

Malaysia also continued to be one of thestrongest economies in Asia with an annualGDP growth rate above 8% during 1993-94.Business and consumer confidence iscontinuing to grow, as did sales and productionlevels. Domestic investment in Malaysia has

also been growing, compensating for the slackin foreign investment. However a threat to the

buoyant economy is higher inflation, increasingwages and a widening current account deficit.

Strong growth in exports and investmentpushed South Korea’s growth rate to well over

6% over 1993-94. This followed a period inwhich growth slowed in response to tighterpolicies. Korean economic growth has beenunderpinned by the robust appreciation of theJapanese Yen. This has increased thecompetitiveness of the Korean export industry.

Prospects are continuing to increase for futuregrowth but a drawback in the Korean economyis its heavy reliance on imports for investmentand consumption.

Outputs in both Hong Kong and Taiwan alsogrew strongly, at annual rates of over 5%.These countries’ economic performance isbeing assisted by their close links with theChinese economy.

Economic growth in Western Europestrengthened with a lift in industrial productionover the latter part of 1993-94. Recoveryappeared to be firmly established in Europewith Germany, France and the United Kingdomall recording increases of 1% in real GDP inthe June quarter of 1993-94. WesternEuropean growth reflected in particular thestronger export performance in Germanywhere west German new manufacturing ordersand industrial production increased, helped byexpanding foreign demand. Additionally,German unemployment appeared to havestabilised and eastern Germany also continuedto improve. German economic recovery

appears to be export driven as privateconsumption, for example, remains sluggish.Higher growth in domestic demand however,has figured prominently in the economicrecovery of France and the United Kingdom.

Measures announced by several Europeangovernments to reign in their fiscal deficits isexpected to constrain growth inWestern Europe in the short term. In Germanyfor example, a proposed new package of taxincreases is likely to cut in early next year asthe economic recovery gains momentum. Thiswill help wind back Germany’s growing publicsector deficit. This deficit has arisen partly dueto expenditures required to sweep away 40years of Stalinism in the east.

Despite these fiscal measures, continuedgradual recovery in Western Europe isexpected. However, considerable sparecapacity is likely to remain in the short term,which will limit investment.

Inflationary pressures in western Europe also

remained subdued. Inflation in westernGermany was under 3% over 1993-94.

Modest wage increases negotiated in themiddle of 1993-94, stable producer prices anda steady currency point to the likelihood offurther improvements in that country’s inflationperformance. These factors have allowed theBundesbank to ease key interest rates overthe last quarter of 1993-94, notwithstanding the

rapid growth in monetary aggregates. Mostother European countries also reduced theirofficial interest rates.

The outlook for the largest economies inEastern Europe, such as Poland, theCzech Republic and Hungary, has improved inrecent months with increased private sectoractivity. Significantly reduced inflation rates

and continued industrial and market reformsare increasingly positioning these economiesto reap the rewards of European growth.However, output in the former Soviet Union isassumed to fall further as political and

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over the financial year and closed at that rate -little changed from the level at which it openedat the beginning of 1993-94.

In 1993-94 employment in Australia increasedby 1.9%. Western Australia’s employment

growth by comparison was much stronger,increasing by 4.2% in 1993-94. On an annual

basis, Australia’s unemployment ratedecreased marginally by half a percentage

point to 10.5% in 1993-94. Western Australia’unemployment rate was 8.9% - the lowest of

all States. A difficulty in reducing theunemployment rate has been the continuedincrease in labour force participation.

In an effort to reduce unemployment, theCommonwealth Government released theWhite Paper-"Working Nation" in May 1994.The document contained $6.5 billion worth ofmedium term market, industry and regionaldevelopment policies. The initiatives areaimed at increasing the skills and employmentopportunities of the unemployed.

Investment spending remained subdued over

most of the year until capital expenditurebegan to finally increase in the final quarter of1993-94. Nationally, private businessinvestment was up 2.7% in real terms for

1993-94. Western Australia recorded a muchgreater equivalent increase of 5.7%. A largecomponent of the increase was accounted forby the mining industry.

The investment rebound added a steady flowof capital goods to the import side of thecurrent account ledger which had a deficit of$16.4 billion in 1993-94. This was up over 7%on the previous year. The current accountdeficit expressed as a proportion of GDPincreased marginally from 3.8% in 1992-93 to3.9% in 1993-94. However, due to exchangeand interest rate movements, net foreign debtwas slightly down at the end of 1993-94 at$162 billion. The persistence of a large deficitand foreign debt, both of which are forecast to

increase further in 1994-95, underline the

important role the minerals and energy sectorhas in lifting export income.

The consensus among those who try toforecast the Australian economy is that strongannual GDP growth is likely to continue until at

least late 1995. The drought in the easternStates, may however, have some minor impact

on economic activity and income. Surveyresults both nationally and for Western

Australia also indicate that business conditionsand the outlook for investment remainfavourable. There is concern is however,regarding the mounting pressure for wagerises and the flow through this will have for

inflation. Compounded with strong economicgrowth, this will require a tightening ofmonetary and/or fiscal policy.

1.3 Economic Factors Affecting theMineral Industry

Recession in most world economies in theearly 1990s culminated in a bottoming ofcommodity markets in September 1993. Sincethen, market focus and the highlight of the yearhas been the dramatic revival in commodityprices in the second half of 1993-94. While

this has been described as a boom, it wasessentially a partial recovery of ground lost in

recent years.

As many export contracts are written in $US,the exchange rate between the $A and $US is

one of the single most significant economicdeterminants affecting the Australian mineralindustry. An ironic twist therefore, to the strongcommodity prices in the second half of1993-94 was that the initially weak $A began tosteadily rise since September 1993. This wasto be expected as the international investmentcommunity considers the Australian dollar tobe a surrogate commodity basket. This isbecause around three quarters of Australia’sexports consist of wool, meat, wheat, iron ore,coal, gold, bauxite/alumina and other basemetals. Commodity producing companies alsoaccount for approximately one third of

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natural gas from the northwest of the State to

the Eastern Pilbara, Northeastern Goldfieldsand Eastern Goldfields. These developmentshave the potential to not only increase theprofitability of existing mining operations, butalso increase the viability of projects currentlyconsidered sub-economic.

1.4 Social and Political FactorsAffecting the Mineral Industry

An important development in internationaltrade took place with the conclusion of theUruguay round of GATT negotiations inDecember 1993. The Agreement will seelower tariffs on manufactured goods andincreased openness of major markets. Mineralexporting nations such as Australia are likely tobenefit substantially from the GATTarrangements as Asian economies will requireadditional raw material inputs necessary toexpand into newly opened internationalmarkets.

However, there is international concern thatthe US Congress may fail to ratify the Uruguay

round of GATT. Even if ratified, the President(who is under considerable pressure fromvested interest groups to block free trademoves) can use the considerable loopholes inthe Agreement to protect US interests.

The US also continues to run a trade deficit.Frustration with the persistent size of the tradedeficit with Japan has spilled over into overtunilateral actions by the US to pry open theJapanese market. Given Australia’s tradinginvolvement with both of these majoreconomies, any trade war between them willadversely affect the domestic economy.

The effect of NAFTA on countries outside theAgreement is uncertain. It may becomeincreasingly difficult for Asia to export goods toNAFTA member countries. If so, this will effectAustralia insofar many Asian products containAustralian mineral and energy inputs.

Given that Asia’s share of world income overthe next 30 years is expected to increasesignificantly, the Asia Pacific EconomicCooperation forum (APEC) is of greatersignificance to Australia than GATT. Capturingmarket share in this region is important insustaining Australian economic growth and theFederal Government, through APEC, isworking towards a mutual commitment to anopen and liberal trading system for the region.Australia is developing closer relationships withmany member countries and shouldagreement on trade issues be resolved,Western Australia will be poised to furtherdevelop commercial opportunities in theregion.

The economic and political reforms in theformer USSR have been characterised bysocial and economic disruption anddestabilisation as the region attempts to moveto a market based system. It is estimated thatoutput from the CIS fell by 20% in 1992 anddecreased further in 1993. With the CIS

economies generating only weak internaldemand, CIS producers have increasinglyresorted to selling their output internationally.

Sales from the CIS have resulted in low pricesfor several commodities with adverse impactson the Western Australian resource sector.Aluminium prices for example, have suffereddramatically from CIS’ dumping policy.However, the memorandum of understandingbetween major producer countries in January1994 seems to have been effective inincreasing world aluminium prices andstabilising aluminium production. Of morecertain benefit though, for local producers ofseveral vulnerable commodities, would be aspeedy resolution to political fragmentation andreturn to economic stability in the CIS.

Various European Community (EC) countriesin 1993/94 ratified the European EnergyCharter. The Charter is the main mechanismby which a carbon tax (promoting renewableenergy and increased energy efficiency) is to

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MAJOR MINERAL AND PETROLEUM PROJECTSIN WESTERN AUSTRALIA

WITH AN ANNUAL VALUE OF PRODUCTION IN EXCESS OF $10 MILLION

~r ~ BowRiver * I, 3oo~ , ..~ ’ I

,,)"@Cad, abut

iNorth Rankin-~ ~ ~

Harrlet~ ~ ~ Port Hedland , oBarrow I~~ ~ ~Ysrrie 118o eMeekathsrra 120° 122Grlffln~ ~ ~ ~uamp=er *’i~" ¯ Bluebird e Wl[una

S. Pepper IN. Herald/Che~ll~/ ~ ,tySaladin - ¯ ~ eTelfer

RolledSk~ --Robe Rlver-Deepdale Woodle WoodieI ~ Tom Price ¯ Ree~ ~ n~ ~ V~.dI _ GId.ee} Paraburdoo ~ ~=~McCameys Monster e B~g Bell~ Channar~ Newman ¯ Tuckablanna e Mt McClure

(, eGolden Crown ¯ Sir Samuel-Bellevue~Lake MacLeod eMa~mia~ e Pluthnic - 28~ Emu e~ Leinster ¯ Dartht 28~ ~ Horseshoe Lawlers ¯

~ ~ ~ ¯ Peak Hill ¯ HIH 50

Shark Ba~ Ban n~kburn ¯ Lancefleld~~ Granny Smith ¯~ Tarmoola ¯ e Mt Morgans

~ ¯ Sons of Gwalla

¯Butcher Well

Base metals ,~ Iron oreBauxite-Alumina v Manganese oreCoal ~, NickelDiamonds ~ PetroleumGold -k SaltHeavy mineral sands O Tin-Tantalum-Lithium

¯ Mt Gibson

- 30° 30°.Lady Bounliful Extended

\ Bardoc - DavyhurstOra Banda-GImlet South e ~ p, pd~Kanowna Belle

Mt Pleasant I~e/~Golden Mile/KCGMKundana e ~e--Kaltalls

Copperhead. Three Mile Hlll~Bi~dull~ml~a~rMOngerBayleys / Jubilee e ~’Carnllya HIllHopes Hill-Corinthian e ~ee~kNew CelebrationeTransvaal Kambalda-St Ives

Marvel Loch ¯,32o ¯ YIIgarn Star

e Hlgglnsvllle32°.

100 km e Forrestanla-Bounty ¯ Central NorsemanForrestanla

118° ~, 1200 1220

ERSI

Figure 1.3

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output (Figure 2.2). Western Australia also

now accounts for approximately 8% of theworld’s gold production.

The 12 biggest producing projects accountedfor half of the State’s gold production in

1993-94. Of these, the largest projects withgold production worth over $100 million in1993-94 were the Golden Mile - Kalgoorlie(22.2 tonnes), Boddington (12.4 tonnes), Telfer

(12.2 tonnes), Kambalda-St Ives (9.9 tonnes),Hill 50-Mt Magnet (6.6 tonnes) andGranny Smith (5.9 tonnes).

GOLD PRODUCTION

Tonnes

1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990

YEARS

sources: DME, BMR & ABARE Figure 2.2

1993-94 saw production commence from thenew Kanowna Belle mine in the first half of theyear and the commencement of operations atSalmon and Keringal to supplement main pitproduction at the Plutonic and Granny Smith

projects respectively. Smaller developmentscommencing production during 1993-94 were

at Binduli, Theil Well, Sandstone, Mt Dimer andXanadu. Production also commenced fromPerilya’s Fortnum mine which was redevelopedafter a change in ownership. However,Aurora Gold’s Laverton operation was shut

down.

The trend continued for the progressiveincrease in underground development and

expansion by a number of operations such asthe Bounty mine. Improvements in techniquesto find and exploit deposits below salt lakesand old shallow open pit mines also continued.This is leading to the development ofsignificant new operations such as St Ives’Revenge orebody under Lake Lefroy andNorseman’s Harlequin deposit under lake

Cowan.

In regards to the gold market, the year sawinvestors and speculators in Europe and NorthAmerica push the price of gold up to a peak of$US406.70/oz in August1993, the highest

since 1990. At that price the market wasperceived to have overheated and the pricequickly dropped to a low of $US342.05/oz inSeptember. Gold prices subsequently

recovered to trade in the narrow $US370 to$US395/oz range (figure 2.3).

GOLD PRICE: $A/oz.

SA~00 -

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500 -

450 ¯

4OO

350

300A S O N D J92 J F M A M J 93J A S O N D Ji F M4A M9

MONTHS

Soume: LONDON GOLD PRICE, MonthlyAverage o! Wednesday Pdce~, Figure 2.3

The combination of a higher price and the

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increase in production which reached a record120 million tonnes, accounting for almost all of

Australia’s iron ore output (Figure 2.7).

Lower iron ore prices resulted from weakdemand in the Japanese steel industry whichaccounted for 47% of Western Australia’soverseas iron ore exports in 1993-94(Figure 2.8). However, the overall effect of thison producers was offset to some degree byincreased demand from steel producers inChina, Korea and Taiwan. Iron ore exports toChina increased during the year to account for16% of the State’s overseas sales. WesternAustralia currently supplies around 50% ofChina’s iron ore imports.

IRON ORE PRICEcents/Fe unit

50

48-

46-

44-

42-

40-

38"

36"

34A S O N D J92 I F MA M J J A s O N D J 93 I F M94A M

Source: High Gr~do Fine Ore pdo~ts. Figure 2.6

Europe accounted for 14% of WesternAustralia’s overseas iron ore exports(Figure 2.8). The degree to which this share

can increase remains doubtful as weaknessand rationalisation in the Western Europeansteel industry is expected to continue.However, major changes in steel productionaffecting demand for iron ore fromWestern Australia will occur in Asia. Japaneseimports of iron ore are expected to remain

subdued but this will be offset by growingdemand from China, Korea and Taiwan wheresteel production is forecast to rise. Korea andTaiwan accounted for 16% and 6%respectively of Western Australia’s sales(Figure 2.8). This is a increasingly significantmarket for the States’ iron ore.

IRON ORE PRODUCTION

140,Mr

Ir~REST OF AUSTRALIA

IWESTERN AUSTRALIA

lOO

4o

2o

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990

YEARS

Sources: DME, BMR & ABAR8 Figure 2,7

Despite a further average price reduction of7% accepted by producers in early 1994, thevalue of iron ore production could rise slightlyin 1994-95. This forecast is criticallydependent on movements in the exchangerate. Nevertheless, Western Australianproducers are expected to raise production torecord levels with the expansion of a numberof existing mines and the commencement of

new projects late in 1994.

After 25 years of Western Australia exportingiron ore in its primary form, 1993-94 wassignificant in the proliferation of studies ofdownstream processing of the State’sresources. Options under evaluation rangedfrom pelletising plants and direct reducediron (DRI) production, through to steelmanufacturing. This included the

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The Robe River Joint Venture is also studyingplans to diversify its range of products bypossibly redeveloping its pelletising facility at

Cape Lambert.

On a smaller scale, production will commencein 1994-95 at Koolyanobbing and CockatooIsland in Yampi Sound where dumps are to betreated.

2.4 Petroleum

The overall value of petroleum production in1993-94 was $2,593 million. This was downby over 2% on the previous financial year. Thedecrease in sales value took place despiteoutput increases in all petroleum products.

Production values were down due to very lowworld oil prices in the second quarter. Pricesremained depressed in the third quarter in aweak and oversupplied market (Figure2.9).The situation was aggravated by unauthorisedincreases from some OPEC producers.

CRUDE OIL PRICE: $A/bbl

SA

3O

28

24¸

22,

20,

18AS ON D J F MAM J J AS O N D J F MAM

MONTHS

sourca: Bra!! Spo~ Mon~ly Average. Figure 2.9

Western Australia is the only State producingLNG, with its output representing 8% of theworld’s production. Although the bulk of LNGin 1993-94 continued to be exported to Japan(over 97%), there were minor sales to Spainduring the year. Entry into other markets is

limited by shipping constraints.

The volume of LNG production continued torise during the year. However, the value ofsales, at $1,016 million, was down on lastyear’s record. This was due to low oil prices,which are a major factor in the LNG priceformula. Nevertheless, LNG production andcommensurate exports from the North WestShelf are expected to further increase in

1994-95. This is based on the utilisation ofadditional capacity that will be available withthe start up of the GoodwynA offshoreproduction platform and facilities scheduled forFebruary 1995, now that remedial work on theplatform’s piles has been successfullycompleted.

OIL & CONDENSATE

Production & Value by Quarter

2.5

1.5

0.5

OL

SEP DEC MAR JUN SEP DEC MAR92 I 93

$A Million 600

500

/I

Source: DME Figure 2,10

However, plans to build a third offshore gasproduction facility were cancelled by the joint

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day. Gas from Goodwyn, Cossack andWanaea will be combined with gas from the

existing North Rankin field to producepetroleum products which will include LPG.

Increase in gas consumption from thederegulation of the State gas market,construction of the gas pipeline to theGoldfields and BHP’s iron ore processing plansalso augur well for the States’ petroleumindustry.

The value of production in 1994-95 will beaffected by oil price and exchange ratemovements. Oil prices in turn will bedominated by countervailing factors includingstrengthening world energy demand beingoffset by rising North Sea and Latin Americanproduction, possible return of Iraqi oilproduction to the market and excess OPEC

capacity. OPEC ministers have agreedhowever, to a maintain current production

levels with an intention to review their decisionshould oil prices not improve.

Western Australia currently contributes almost30% of the nation’s crude oil and condensateand based on the development of several newfields, is set to overtake Victoria as the premieroil producer by 1997 (Figure 2.11). In terms ofsales by destination, aside from LNG, 28% ofcrude oil, 42% of condensate and all ofWestern Australia’s natural gas production wassold domestically.

The main overseas market for crude oil wasSingapore which accounted for 28% ofoverseas sales. Another 43% of crude oilsales was almost equally accounted for byJapan and Indonesia. Japan was also asignificant customer for the State’scondensate, with over 69% of sales going to

that country°

In sum, in 1993-94, a total of $1,799 millionworth of Western Australian petroleumproduction was exported overseas.Figure 2.12 shows the export destinations.

2.5 Alumina

Western Australia produced 7.8 million tonnesof alumina in 1993-94. This was over 3% upon the previous financial year and represented61% of national output (Figures 2.13 and 2.14).

However, the value of that production wasdown slightly by 2%, reflecting poor worldprices for aluminium metal (Figure 2.15).

ALUMINAProduction & Value by Quarter

Mt2.5 500

2

1.5

0.5

SEP DEC92

SA Million

MAR JUN SEP DEC MAR JUN

- 400

- 300

- 200

- 100

0

Figure 2.13

About 88% of the State’s alumina production in1993-94 was exported overseas, largely assmelter grade product (Figure2.16). Of theportion exported overseas, the majority went tothe US and China which accounted for 28%and 17% respectively. Other significantoverseas consumers of the State’s aluminaoutput were Canada and Bahrain (13% each),

United Arab Emirates (UAE) (7%), Indonesia(6%) and Egypt (5%).

In the first half of the financial year the ailingaluminium industry faced falling prices. Prices

dropped to a historic low point in the lastquarter of 1993. Factors responsible for this

were recessions in key economies such asJapan and Germany and several years of

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alumina refinery in the world.

ALUMINA EXPORTSTOTAL VALUE : $1,571 MILLION

Bahrain12.5%

Canada China12,5% 17.1%

U.A.E.6.6%

Indonesia6.2% Egypt

4.8% Other11.9%

U.S.A.28.4%

Sour== DMS Figure 2.16

The State’s other producer, Worsley, is alsostudying the feasibility of a $500 millionexpansion of its refinery. The Worsley plant is

usual, almost all sales went overseas, with77% going to the Central Selling Organisation(CSO) who are based in London. Remainingsales went to Belgium.

World demand for diamonds remaineddepressed, particularly for the lower qualityand industrial grade stones. Demand for gemquality stones in Europe was weak but the USmarket grew and demand from Japan andother Asian countries was strong. This at leastboosted diamond sales by the CSO in the

second half of 1993-94. However, worldsupply exceeds current demand andinventories held by the CSO, merchants andproducers continued to increase.

A poor outlook for diamond prices isattributable to high stocks and the performanceof Russia in the market place. While themarketing agreements between the CSO andRussian producers appears to be holding,there is the threat of breakouts and saleleakages outside the agreement. The CSOalso established agreements with Angola andZaire, but illicit production from those and othersmaller African producers remains rampant.

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continuing to maintain output well in excess ofdemand, and significant exports, includingnickel bearing scrap from the CIS.

NICKEL PRICE: $A/tonne

A Thousand11

10

A S 0 N D J F MAM J J AS O N D J F M AM92 I 9~ I 9~

Souma: LME Cash, Monthly Average. Figure 2.19

Although world nickel prices strengthenedthrough the year, they remained volatile withinvestor uncertainty about future CIS nickeloutput. Certainly the strengthening of theworld economy as characterised by the USand continued strong growth in South East

Asia and China will increase the demand fornickel and support its price. However, anygains will be limited without a substantialdecrease in the high level of world inventories.

Western Australia accounted for 97% ofAustralia’s nickel production in 1993-94(Figure 2.20) and despite low world prices, theState’s nickel output is anticipated to risesignificantly in 1994-95. Expanded facilitiesare also expected to make the State one of theworld’s lowest cost producers. Recentmeasures leading to this included a doubling ofconcentrate production capacity at the Leinsteroperation, developments to sustain capacity atKambalda, expansion of the Kalgoorlie smelter

and Kwinana refinery and a move tounderground operations at Forrestania. Ofparticular significance however, is thecommissioning of the Mt Keith project in late

1994.When the Mt Keith operation reaches peak

output it will produce about 28,000 tonnes perannum of contained nickel in concentrate form.On development of the project and the abovementioned expansions, Western Australia’soutput capacity will have risen to around100,000 tonnes per annum of contained nickel.

This represents an increase of over 60% oncurrent levels of output.

Also in the Northeastern Goldfields, north andsouth of Mt Keith, two other significant projects

are currently being evaluated.Honeymoon Well, a joint venture between CRAand Outokumpu, has a resource of over90 million tonnes of ore in five deposits and isat an early feasibility stage. Yakabindie hasbeen fully evaluated at a feasibility level byDominion Mining and is now being reappraisedthrough a farm-in arrangement by North Ltd.

NICKEL PRODUCTION

120 -

100 -

60-

40~

20-

r~REST OF AUSTRALIAmWESTERN AUSTRALIA

1967 1972 1977 1982 1987 1992

YEARS

Sourcws: DME, BMR & *~BAR E Figure 2.20

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...................... -}- 01.

...................... 4-0~

...................... 4-08

...................... -POt’

~- O~

...................... t-09

’ OZ (001. = 06 ~INRp) X=JONI

SQNVS "IVI~NIN ~10~1XaONI ~lOIl:id

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spues leJeu!l/~ A^eoH 8"¢

economic growth outstrips the faltering

demand for titanium metal. Producers oftitanium metal are currently experiencingdecreased demand from the main consumingsector the aerospace industry which ispruning production in response to defencebudget cuts and poor performance of the civilairline industry. This weak demand situation isbeing aggravated by the CIS which is boostingsupply with steady shipments of high qualitytitanium sponge, scrap and ferro-titanium.

ILMENITEProduction & Value by Quarter

500 100r~Ouantity ~-Value

400 -}

3oo -~

200 -~

SEP DEC MAR JUN SEP DEC MAR94

7~_- 80

- 60

- 40

- 20

0JUN

Source: DME Figure 2.23

The recovery in the world mineral sandsmarket is expected to continue and the prices

for all titanium minerals are forecast to rise in1994-95. This is dependent on a divergentmarket, where increased demand for titaniumdioxide pigment from strengthening globaleconomic growth outstrips the falteringdemand for titanium metal. Producers oftitanium metal are currently experiencingdecreased demand from the main consumingsector the aerospace industry which ispruning production in response to defencebudget cuts and poor performance of the civilairline industry. This weak demand situation isbeing aggravated by the CIS which is boosting

supply with steady shipments of high qualitytitanium sponge, scrap and ferro-titanium.

ILiViENiTE PRODUCTION

2.00 -

1,50 -

1.00 -

0.50 -

REST OF AUSTRALIAmWESTERN AUSTRAL A

0.00 -1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990

YEARS

Sources: DME, BMR &AeARE Fligure 2,24

The production of most mineral sands productsis expected to rise in 1994-95. This will occurthrough the higher utilisation of existing plantcapacity in Western Australia and productionfrom Cable Sands’ new ’greenfields’development at Jangardup which began

production in May 1994. This project isexpected to produce 250 thousand tonnesper annum of concentrates and result inCable Sands production increasing to about

30% of Western Australia’s mineral sandsoutput.

Outside the titanium-based minerals, the zirconmarket, after struggling with excess capacity.and low demand in the Western World, finallyhad some relief with significant increases inzircon prices during 1993-94. Firmer pricesassisted in the value of sales fromWestern Australia reaching $63 million, up28% on the previous year. The volume ofproduction also increased, up 15% in 1993-94.Western Australia is a major producer of zircon

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3. Minerals and Petroleum Exploration

Western Australia recorded another year ofstrong exploration activity, with $454 millionspent in 1993-94 on mineral exploration. This

was about $100 million above 1992-93 andrepresented significant growth after four yearsof relatively static expenditure of around

$350 million in 1994 terms.

The State continued to attract the major shareof Australian expenditure with over 57% ofnational mineral exploration dollars spent in

1993-94. Queensland, at under 18% of thetotal, was a distant second.

Gold and diamond exploration were the mainsectors of increased activity in 1993-94.Expenditure on gold exploration was up almost38% and diamond exploration expenditure wasup by over 50%. Base metals (copper, lead,zinc and nickel) were the other major sector ofactivity.

Since the early 1980s gold exploration has

dominated the State scene and in 1993-94accounted for 68% of the total. Base metalsattracted 14%, followed by diamonds at 10%.Nationally, Western Australia attracts the mostexploration expenditure for gold, diamonds,iron ore and heavy mineral sands and about athird of the total on base metals (including

nickel) and uranium. However, recentexpenditure on uranium exploration in absolute

terms, is minor.

The $310 million expended on gold explorationwas distributed throughout the State, althougha major share was attracted to the Yilgarn andadjacent areas of the Glengarry Basin andMarymia Dome. However, two projects wereat an advanced stage of development outsidethis region, namely Palm Springs in theKimberley and Lynas Find in the Pilbara.

prospectivity as the Jundee and Nimaryprospects unfold significant gold mineralisationwith preliminary resource estimates of 14 and7 tonnes of contained gold respectively.

Other significant gold discoveries and resource

announcements in 1993-94 included satellitedeposits to the south of Granny Smith(Keringal and Sunrise), Cuddingwarra (nearCue), Chalice (near Higginsville) and othersunder and near Lake Lefroy in WMC’s St Ivesproject area, where the continued success ratehas promoted this area into one of the majorgold regions of the State. Another majorsuccess story was the Plutonic deposit andsurrounding Freshwater leases, in an area(Marymia Dome) which was very late in

emerging during the current gold boom. Thisarea now contains one of the major gold

resource inventories in the State.

It is noteworthy that the cost of discoveringgold in 1993 was estimated at $12.50/oz. Thisis half the average cost over the 15 year periodsince the emergence of gold as a dominantsector during the 1979-80 price surge.

Improvements in techniques to find and exploitdeposits below salt lakes and below oldshallow open pit mines is also leading to thedevelopment of viable new operations. Inaddition to the long standing practice ofsearching for and developing satelliteorebodies close to original mine sites, this willprobably ensure continued high levels ofexploration for gold in the near future.

At $63 million for the year, the relatively highlevel of exploration expenditure on base metalshas been sustained. However, except forfurther nickel resource delineation atHoneymoon Well and Maggie Hays andzinc-copper at Panorama, announcements ofsignificant successes have been limited.

The Yandal belt of the Northeastern Goldfieldscontinued to be the focus of activity. Thenorthern area is proving to be of particular

Renison Goldfields Consolidated did however,make an announcement of a large low gradelead deposit in the Glengarry Basin. This joins

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offshore wells drilled in that area. A relativelylow level of onshore drilling was maintainedwith a total of 20 wells drilled. To encourageonshore exploration, amendments were madeto the Western Australian Petroleum Act 1967.

Continued analysis and integration of recent

seismic survey work, combined with

considerable new drilling data, have enhanced

and refined geological interpretation.

Consequently, the drilling program scheduled

for 1994-95 of up to 32 offshore and 28

onshore wells should result in a significant

expansion of recoverable reserves and an

increase in new field discoveries.

o91;-

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TABLE 4.1

MINERAL

BASE METALS

Copper Metal

Lead Metal

Zinc Metal

TOTAL BASE METALS

BAUXITE-ALUMINA

Alumina

CLAYS

Attapulgite

Clay Shale

Fire Clay

Kaolin

White Clay

TOTAL CLAYS

QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM 1992-93, 1993-94

1992-93 1993-94

UNIT QUANTITY VALUE(S) QUANTITY VALUE(S)

t

t

t

22,915 27,438,799 28,819 33,409,998

22,302 6,649,704 21,113 4,981,363

127,963 104,106,685 133,557 77,528,510

138,195,188 115,919,871

t 7,547,856 1,818,116,459 7,830,064 1,784,319,220

t

t

t

t

t

20,208 5,891,735 20,351 6,044,132

0 0 66,483 132,966

29,927 35,913 27,766 33,320

2,840 175,794 3,563 243,900

22,984 249,946 33,189 318,018

6,353,388 6,772,336

COAL

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Aggregate

Gravel

Rock

Sand

TOTAL CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

t 5,428,055 244,773,673 (~ 5,152,574 236,288,139

t 298,943 1,791,423 51,434 226,475

t 57,740 283,399 106,280 525,788

t 58,614 494,327 144,732 2,054,589

t 1,304,088 6,098,122 2,434,032 9,927,160

8,667,271 12,734,012

DIAMOND ct 24,827,163 519,981,370 28,864,319 476,747,331

DIATOMITE t

DIMENSION STONE

Black Granite t

Quartz Rock t

Spongolite t

TOTAL DIMENSION STONE

GEM, SEMI-PRECIOUS & ORNAMENTAL STONE

Agate kg

Amethyst kg

Chalcedony kg

Chnjsoprase kg

Jasper kg

Malachite kg

Tourmaline kg

445 5171 0 0

1486 443200 1762 485,121

1002 45047 995 44,753

200 16400 0 0

504647 629,874

28,384 22,012 23,236 16,741

25,352 308,045 0 0

13,000 9,117 23,775 19,020

27,773 1,450,587 102,362 663,201

70,819 45,116 0 0

88 17,138 285 977

1,960 7,415 0 0

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TABLE 4.1 (cont)

MINERAL

PETROLEUM

Condensate

Crude Oil

LNG

Natural Gas

TOTAL PETROLEUM

1992-93 1993-94

UNIT QUANTITY VALUE(S) QUANTITY VALUE(S)

kl 1,995,401 363,038,053 2,350,031 348,711,923

kl 4,538,080 855,690,950 5,327,567 815,332,844

MMBtu 254,465,858 1,025,056,102 296361819 1,015,679,244

’000m3 3,960,289 407,019,305 4456991 413,371,442

2,650,804,410 2,593,095,453

SALT

SILICA-SILICA SAND

Silica

Silica Sand

TOTAL SILICA-SILICA SAND

t

t

6632,911 158,377,590 6,155,387 149,179,209

61,263 652,157 78,235 788,096

456,896 4,332,324 490,161 4,444,654

4,984,481 5,232,750

SILVER kg 81,833 12,371,221 74,326 14,722,276

TALC

TIN-TANTALUM-LITHIUM

Spodumene

Tantalite

Tin Metal

TOTAL TIN-TANTALUM-LITHI UM

t

t

t

158,789 11,525,240 141,057 10,043,030

42,550 7,341,552 47,787 10,245,802

537 19,741,076 246 14,278,830

150 1,139,902 104 790,621

28,222,530 25,315,253

VERMICULITE t 199 35,293 0 0

TOTAL VALUE 12,331,622,485 (r) 12,616,859,369 (e)

Note: Quantities used in this table only apply to Minerals and Petroleum covered by the Mining Act 1978, the Petroleum

Act 1967, the Petroleum (Submerged Lands) Act 1982, the Commonwealth Petroleum (Submerged Lands) Act

1967, the Commonwealth Petroleum Resource Rent Tax Assessment 1987, the Barrow Island Royalties Variation

Agreement Act and relevant State Agreement Acts.

(a) Also known as synthetic rutile

(e) Estimate

(r) Revised from previous edition

BI/~3

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NOLLO~GO~d :JO :~f~TVA ~A&lVSVd~O0

TABLE 5.1 QUANTITY AND VALUE OF MINERALS AND PETROLEUM BY LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

Local Quantity Metallic

Mineral Government Area tonnes Content Value ($) Ref

BASE METALS Cu Tonnes

Copper By-Product

Copper Concentrates

Coolgardie 4,035.41 4,921,712 (a),(b)

Cu %

Boddington 5,731 22.07 1,126,657

East Pilbara 16,009 14.85 1,874,161

Meekatharra 51,555 21.02 6,425,514

Yalgoo 34.621 20.38 9.917.786

107916 19344118 (a)

Cu Tonnes

Copper Cathode East Pilbara 3,246.32 9,144,168 (a)

Total Copper 33,409,998

TOTAL BASE METALS

BAUXITE - ALUMINA

Alumina

Pb %

Lead Derby-West Kimberley 25,941 81.39 4,981,363 (a)

Zn %

Zinc Derby-West Kimberley 104,218 61.39 40,065,101

Yalgoo 165.878 41.94 37.463.409

270,096 77,528,510 (a)

115,919,871

CLAYS

Attapulgite

Clay Shale

Fire Clay

Kaolin

White Clay

TOTAL CLAYS

COAL

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Aggregate

Boddington 1,666,016 406,461,479

Harvey 1,504,907 337,159,648

Murray 2,957,773 660,468,097

Serpentine-Jarrahdale 1.701.368 380.229,996

7,830,064 1,784,319,220 (c)

Mullewa 20,351 6,044,132 (a)

Collie 66,483 132,966 (a)

Chittering 27,766 33,320 (d)

Bridegetown-Greenbushes 3,563 243,900 (d)

Swan 33,189 318,018 (d)

151,352 6,772,336

Collie 5,152,574 236,288,139 (e)

Kalgoorlie-Boulder 38,972 157,147

Port Hedland 3,880 17,836

Wyndham-East Kimberley 8.582 51,49:~

51,434 226,475

(P)

880’9

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08~’88~

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TABLE 5.1 (cont) Local

Mineral Government Area

DIMENSION STONE

Black Granite Derby-West Kimberley

Dundas

Quartz Rock

TOTAL DIMENSION STONE

Quantity

tonnes

Metallic

Content Value ($)

1,021

741

1,762

255,271

229,850

485,121

Mukinbudin 995

2,757

44,753

529,874

GEM, SEMI-PRECIOUS AND ORNAMENTAL STONE

Agate East Pilbara

Chalcedony Carnarvon

Chrysoprase Menzies

Malachite Meekatharra

TOTAL GEM, SEMI-PRECIOUS AND ORNAMENTAL STONE

GOLD

kg

23,236

23,775

102,362

285

Au kg

16,741

19,020

663,201

977

699,939

GYPSUM

Boddington

Coolgardie

Cue

Dundas

East Pilbara

Kalg.-Boulder

Laverton

Leonora

Meekatharra

Menzies

Mt Magnet

Sandstone

Wiluna

Yalgoo

Yilgarn

Bruce Rock

Dalwallinu

2,719

69,382

16,730.521

21,643.110

9,313.744

2,459.364

12,823.016

46,819.449

9,843.440

23,996.849

14,916.010

757.621

6,661.392

2,596.550

3,453.763

2,724.652

18.859.709

193,599.190

294,955,797

381,130,747

164,808,032

43,410,782

226,177,601

825,973,464

173,525,841

423,336,733

262,757,113

13,280,709

117,406,005

45,808,383

60,909,348

48,126,899

333.452.904

3!415,060,358

13,595

1,280,476

Esperance

Lake Grace

Nungarin

Plantagenent

Ravensthorpe

Wyalkatchem

Yilgarn

3,660

19,875

30,622

11,854

11,482

38,769

6.795

195,158

22,900

139,840

182,792

72,756

76,208

230,583

52.273

2,071,423

Ref

(d)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(e)(d),(e)

(e)(e)

(e)

(e)

(e)

(e)

(e)

~ekl

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09#’8#F8~

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ledeo

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qeLueweO

ledeo

($) enle^

=111N:I~71 7V±O1

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TABLE 5.1 (cont)

Mineral

IRON ORE

Domestic Ore

Exported Ore

Local

Government Area

Ashburton

Derby-West Kimberley

East Pilbara

Ashburton

Derby-West Kimberley

East Pilbara

TOTAL IRON ORE

LIMESAND - LIMESTONE-DOLOMITE

Dolomite Lake Grace

Quantity

tonnes

523,430

1,077,437

4,448,939

6,049,806

69,214,037

1,189,468

43.236.925

113,640,430

119,690,236

Metallic

Content

Fe%

59.80

65.79

62.32

Value ($)

12,111,722

26,970,461

117,710,770

156,792,953

2,500

Fe%

61.43 1,599,813,485

64.17 23,336,856

62.55 1.085.212,421

2,708,362,762

2,865,155,715

25,000

Ref

(a)

Limesand - Limestone

TOTAL LIMESAND-LIMESTONE

MANGANESE ORE

NICKEL INDUSTRY

Cobalt By-Product

Nickel Concentrates

Cockburn

Dandaragan

Dundas

Exmouth

Gingin

Irwin

Roebourne

Wanneroo

East Pilbara

Coolgardie

1,610,200

71,683

83,063

340

50,532

2,997

350

328,106

2,149,771

299,702

8,329,800

812,650

1,114,495

6,120

1,104,372

11,069

22,750

3.363.341

14,789,597

Mn%

49.52 46,081,555

Co Tonnes

369.793 19,954,659

Coolgardie

Kalgoorlie-Boulder

Leonora

Yilgarn

230,433

33,509

260,446

38.637

563,025

Ni%

11.41 197,397,447

11.06 28,256,867

10.31 205,230,622

!0.99 27,735,614

458,620,550

Pd kg

(d)

(a)

(i)

Palladium By-Product Coolgardie 372.999 2,576,698 (a),(b)

Pt kg

Platinum By-Product Coolgardie 63.834 987,882 (a),(b)

PEAT Manjimup 813 60380 (d)

(~)

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TABLE 5.1 (cont)

Mineral

SILVER: BY-PRODUCT

TALC

TIN - TANTALUM - LITHIUM

Spodumene

Tantalite

Tin

Local Quantity

Government Area tonnes

Ag kg

Boddington 502.93

Coolgardie 240.50

Meekatharra 16,851.39

State-Wide 36,680.89

Yalgoo 20,050.16

74,325.87

Meekatharra 29,512

Three Springs 1 ! 1,545

141,057

Bridegetown-Greenbushes 47,787

Bridegetown-Greenbushes 68

East Pilbara 178

246

BridegetowmGreenbushes

East Pilbara

VALUE OF MINERALS

VALUE OF PETROLEUM

VALUE OF GOLD

TOTALVALUE

Metallic

Content

Li20 %

5.43

Ta205 kg

22,539

68.460

90,999

Sn Tonnes

94

10

104

Value ($)

91,546

57,333

2,779,545

7,224,201

4,569,651

14,722,276

2,065,840

7.977.190

10,043,030

10,245,802

4,591,626

9.687.204

14,278,830

764,879

25.742

790,621

6,608,703,558

2,593,095,453

3,415.060.358

12,616,859,369

Ref

(a),(I)

(a),(b)

(a),(k)

(e)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(9)

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(O9)

(6~)

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TABLE 6.1 (cont)

Mineral

IRON ORE

LIMESAND-LIMESTONE

MANGANESE

NICKEL

Cobalt by-product

Nickel

Palladium by-product

Platinum by-product

TOTAL NICKEL INDUSTRY

PEAT

PETROLEUM

Condensate

Liquified Natural Gas

Natural gas

Oil

TOTAL PETROLEUM

SALT

SILICA SAND

SILVER

TALC

TIN-TANTALUM-LITHIUM

Spodumene

Tantalite

Tin

TOTAL TIN-TANTALUM-LITHI UM

VERMICULITE

TOTAL ROYALTY RECEIPTS

IRON ORE ADDITONAL RENTAL

TOTAL REVENUE

1992-93

SA

152,674,073.14

189,365.84

2,874,157.00

307,949.77

9,242,491.13

26,830.61

23,321.77

9,600,593.28

2,395.28

1993-94

148,674,163.04

218,720.44

2,585,181.00

328,938.71

7,908,429.93

46,801.09

20,395.30

8,304,565.03

1,919.08

1993-94 GROWTH

$A %

(3,999,910.10) (3)

29,354.60 16

(288,976.00) (10)

20,988.94 7

(1,334,061.20) (14)

19,970.48 74

(2,926.47) (13)

(1,296,028.25) (13)

(476.20) (20)

3,395,641.06

9,299,092.28

7,190,160.50

59,843,155.86

79,728,049.70

1,426,492.87

258,582.40

229,484.37

82,549.00

6,362,978.09

20,387,570.67

9,964,699.21

36,171,071.09

72,886,319.06

1,349,803.55

279,142.27

389,256.91

76,629.00

2,967,337.03 87

11,088,478.39 119

2,774,538.71 39

(23,672,084.77) (40)

(6,841,730.64) (9)

(76,689.32) (5)

20,559.87 8

159,772.54 70

(5,920.00) (7)

422,861.97

698,767.71

33,570.15

1,155,199.83

2,014.94

349,084,695.09

24,253,176.79

373,337,871.88

413,569.72

278,015.95

21,229.84

712,815.51

0.00

334,078,709.71

25,225,946.18

359,304,655.89

(9,292.25) (2)

(420,751.76) (60)

(12,340.31 ) (37)

(442,384.32) (38)

(2,014.94) (100)

(15,005,985.38) (4)

972,769.39 4

(14,033,215.99) (4)

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7 Employment in the Mineral and PetroleumIndustries

Statistics compiled from industry returns showedthat 35,592 people were employed inWestern Australia’s mineral and petroleumindustries in 1993-94. This compares with 35,553in 1992-93. The size of the workforce wastherefore virtually static.

Significant employment decreases took place in theiron ore and coal sectors. The iron ore sectorexperienced a 21% (1,802 personnel) reduction inits workforce in 1993-94. Employment wassignificantly lower at the Nimingarra, Mt Newman,Tom Price and Port Hedland operations. These

reductions have resulted from planned programs ofstaff rationalisation, increased reliance on contractlabour and the introduction of more efficient workpractices. The greatest fall (1,002 personnel) wasat the Mt Newman/Port Hedland operation.

The nickel sector increased its employment by 27%(827 personnel). The main contributor to this wasthe development of the Mt Keith project. Expansionof Alcoa’s Kwinana and Wagerup refineries alsocontributed significantly to the 6% increase inemployment in the alumina sector.

The number of people employed in the petroleumindustry increased to 1,245 in 1993-94. This was a

4% increase on the previous financial year.

Employment in the coal mining sector dropped 26%in 1993-94 (283 personnel), chiefly due to closure ofWestern Collieries last underground operation.

Following the closure, employment in the coalmining sector should now stabilise, to be followedby an increase with the development of newPremier Mine in Collie, expected to start in mid

1995.

Employment in the base metals sector 1993-94 fellby 99, or 16%. This was due to the closure of theHorseshoe Lights operation and workforce

restructure at Golden Grove.

Offsetting the employment decreases weresignificant workforce rises in the gold and nickelsectors. The high level of activity in the gold miningindustry saw employment in 1993-94 increase by952 or 8.2%. Gold mining projects whichunderwent particularly significant employmentincreases were Big Bell, Granny Smith,Kambalda/Stlves and Bronzewing, which wasbeing developed.

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MINERAL\Company

GOLD (cont)

Mt Burgess Goldmining Co. NL

Newcrest Mining Ltd

Pancontinental Pty Ltd

Peko Gold Ltd

Placer Pacific Pty Ltd

Plutonic Operations Ltd

Poseidon Ltd

Resolute Resources LtdReynolds Australia Metals Ltd

Samantha Gold NL

Sons of Gwalia NL

St. Barbara Mines LtdWestern Mining Corporation Ltd

Wiluna Mines LtdWorsley Alumina Pty Ltd

Yilgarn Star Pty Ltd

All Other Operators

TOTAL GOLD

HEAVY MINERAL SANDSCable Sands Pry LtdRGC Mineral Sands Pty Ltd

TiWest Pty Ltd

Westralian Sands Ltd

All Other Operators

TOTAL HEAVY MINERAL SANDS

Butcher Well 102

Gimlet South 190 171New Celebration 458 359Telfer 707 810Tuckabianna 157 128Kundana 66 173

Paddington 174 239

Peak Hill 78 80Kanowna Belle 141 127Granny Smith 199 338Bellevue 218 174

Darlot 76 86

Lawlers 118 132Plutonic 194 313Big Bell 97 245Golden Crown 69 60

Kaltails 82 119Marymia 78 118Mt Gibson 130 145Yilgarn 266 261Higginsville 93 144

Hopes Hill 109 77Sons of Gwalia 145 193Meekatharra 200 276Emu 125 120Kambalda\St. Ives 614 768Lancefield 249 199

Wiluna 136 176

Boddington 488 450Yilgarn Star 98 139

1 715 (r) 1 600

11 622 (r) 12 574

Capel 226 264Capel 235 231

Eneabba 268 338

Narngulu 279 184Cataby/Chandala 267 252Capel 359 375

1 30

1 635 1 674

LOCATION 1992-93 1993-94

MINERAL\Company

IRON ORE

BHP Iron Ore (Goldsworthy) Ltd

BHP Iron Ore (Jimblebar) Ltd

BHP Iron Ore Ltd

BHP Minerals Ltd

Hamersley Iron Pry Ltd

Robe River Mining Co. Pty Ltd

TOTAL IRON ORE

LOCATION 1992-93 1993-94

Yarrie 105 157Jimblebar - 68Nimingarra/Port Hedland 732 328Newman/Port Hedland 3 610 2 608Yandicoogina 87 95Yampi 120 76Tom Price - Paraburdoo/Dampier/Channar 2 824 2 384Hismelt- Kwinana 250 200Marandoo 115Pannawonica/Cape Lambert 722 617

8 450 6 648

NICKEL

Outokumpu Australia Ltd

Western Mining Corporation Ltd

TOTAL NICKEL

Forrestania 183 204Kalgoorlie 441 366Kambalda/Blair 1 174 1 303Kwinana Refinery 463 359Leinster 611 553Mt Keith 145 1 059

3 017 3 844

PETROLEUM PRODUCTSAmpolex LtdBHP Petroleum (Australia) Pty LtdDiscovery Petroleum LtdHadson Energy LtdMinora Resources NLWest Aust Petroleum Pry LtdWestern Mining Corp. LtdWoodside Offshore Pet. Pty LtdAll Other OperatorsTOTAL PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

Wandoo 61Griffin 59Mt Horner 18 20Harriet/Rosette 136 140Blina/Lloyd/S undown/West Terrace 0 2North West Area/Dongara 242 250North Herald/South Pepper/Chervil 102 27North Rankin A/Burrup Peninsula 700 (r) 680

2 6

1 200 (r) 1 245

SALT

Cargill Salt Co.Dampier Salt Ltd

Shark Bay Salt JV

Other

TOTAL SALT

Port Hedland

Dampier

Lake MacLeodUseless Loop

123 115

159 197114 10560 56

6 6

462 479

ALL OTHER MATERIALS

(including Rock Quarries)895 880

TOTAL

’Soumes:Mining OpemtionsDivision;Royalties, EconomicPolicy& PublicAffairsDivision)

35 553 (r) 35 592

8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1993-94, address, telephone number: minesite.

BASE METALS

Copper

Murchison Zinc Co. Pty Ltd, c/o Normandy Poseidon Ltd, 100 Hutt St, Adelaide, S.A., (08) 303 1700: Golden Grove.

Newcrest Mining Ltd, 600 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne 3004, (03) 522 5333: Telfer.

Sabminco NL, 221 St George’s tce, Perth 6000, (09) 321 1118: Horseshoe Lights.

Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 191 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09) 479 0711: Nifty, Kambalda.

Worsely Alumina Pty Ltd, Gastaldo Rd, Worsely, WA 6225, (097) 34 8311: Boddington.

Lead - Zinc

BHP Minerals Ltd, 200 St Georges’ Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 320 4444: Cadjebut.

Murchison Zinc Co. Pry Ltd, c/o Normandy Poseidon Ltd, 100 Hutt St, Adelaide, S.A., (08) 303 1700: Golden Grove.

BAUXITE o ALUMINA

Alumina

Alcoa of Australia (WA) Ltd, cnr Davey & Marmion Sts Booragoon 6154, (09) 316 5111: Del Park, Jarrahdale, Willowdale.

Worsley Alumina Pty Ltd, PO Box 50, Boddington WA 6390, (098) 83 8005: Boddington.

CLAY

Attapulgite

Mallina Holdings Ltd, 249 Stirling Hwy, Claremont 6010, (09) 384 7077: Lake Nerramyne.

Kaolin

Greenbushes Ltd, 16 Parliament PI, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 1988: Greenbushes.

White Clay

Pilsley Investments Pty Ltd, Locked Bag 100, Midland 6056, (09) 250 2111: Middle Swan.

COAL

Griffin Coal Mining Co. Ltd, 28 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 325 8155: Collie.

Western Collieries Ltd, 40 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 327 4511: Collie.

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Aggregate

The Readymix Group (WA), 75 Canning Hwy, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 472 2000: Boodarrie, Boulder, Oscar Range.

Gravel

Vinci and Sons Pty Ltd, Lot 3 Pickering Brook Rd, Pickering Brook 6076, (09) 293 8295: Pickering Brook.

Rock

County B.S., c/o Pioneer Concrete, 123 Burswood Rd, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 311 8811 : Yeeda Station Learmonth, Mt Regal.

8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1993-94, address, telephone number: minesite.

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS (cont)

Sand

Amatek Ltd, 1 Newburn Rd, Kewdale 6104, (09) 353 3030: Gnangarra, Jandakot.

Pioneer Concrete, 123 Burswood Rd, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 311 8811: Coolgardie.

The Readymix Group (WA), 75 Canning Hwy, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 472 2000: Comet Vale, Maitland, Nickol Bay, Pinnacles,

Rocklea, Sandy Creek, Sullivan’s Creek, Turner River, Warrawanda Creek, Widgiemooltha.

DIAMOND

Argyle Diamond Mines, 2 Kings Park Rd, West Perth 6005, (09) 482 1166: Argyle.

Poseidon Bow River Diamond Mines Ltd, 100 Hurt St, Adelaide, S.A., (08) 303 1700: Bow River.

DIMENSION STONE

Black Granite

Fraser Range Granite NL, 164 Burswood Rd., Victoria Park 6010, (09) 470 4487: Mt Malcolm.

Quartz rock

Commercial Minerals Ltd, 26 Tomlinson Rd, Welshpool 6106, (09) 362 1411: Mukinbudin.

GEM, SEMI-PRECIOUS & ORNAMENTAL STONE

Chrysoprase

Goddard & Hill Ltd, 158 Mill Point Rd, South Perth 6151, (09) 474 3165: Boyce Creek.

GOLD

Aurora Gold Ltd, 24 Outram St, West Perth 6005, (09) 476 2666: Bardoc-Davyhurst, Harbour Lights-Mertondale, Laverton.

Australian Resources & Mining Co. NL, 20 Berry St, North Sydney, NSW 2060, (02) 955 1722: Gidgee, Mt McClure.

Bounty Gold Mine Pty Ltd, Forrestania via Southern Cross 6426, (090) 39 4422: Forrestania-Bounty.

Burmine Ltd, Copperhead Mine, Bullfinch 6484, (090) 49 5066: Frasers, Copperhead.

Centaur Mining and Exploration Ltd, 580 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne Vic. 3004, (03) 276 7888: Lady Bountiful Extended.

Central Norseman Gold Corp. NL, PO Box 56, Norseman 6443, (090) 39 1101: Central Norseman.

Coolgardie Gold NL, 56b Bayley St, Coolgardie 6429, (090) 26 6132: Bayley’s Reward-Greenfields.

Croesus Mining NL, 39 Porter St, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 91 2222: Binduli, Hannan South, Mystery Mint.

Delta Gold NL, Yarri Rd Kanowna via Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 91 4922: Kanowna Belle.

Dominion Mining Ltd, 10 Richardson St, West Perth 6005, (09) 426 6400: Bannockburn, Gabanintha, Jupiter, Labouchere -

Nathans, Meekatharra, Mt Morgans.

Eltin Minerals Pty Ltd, PMB 31, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 21 4844: Grosmont.

Gold Mines of Australia Ltd, 161 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09)’479 0222: Reedy, Youanmi.

Gold Mines of Kalgoorlie Ltd, 100 Hutt St, Adelaide, S.A., (08) 236 1700: Jubilee.

Hedges Gold Pty Ltd, Williams Rd, Boddington 6390, (09) 538 4512: Hedges.

Herald Resources Ltd, 45 Richardson St, West Perth 6005, (09) 322 2788: Gum Creek-Montague, Sandstone, Three Mile Hill.

Kalgoorlie Consolidated Gold Mines Pty Ltd, Fimiston, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 22 1100: Super Pit, Mt Charlotte, Mt Percy.

8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1993-94, address, telephone number: minesite.

GOLD (cont)

Metalt Mining Corp of Aust Pry Ltd, cnr Thmssell & Forrest Sts. Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 21 1766:: Round Dam, West Black Flag.

Mining Corporation of Australia Ltd, 32 Lane St, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 21 5144: Mt Pleasant-Golden Kilometre.

Mt Edon Gold Mines (Aust) NL, 30 Ledgar Rd, Balcatta 6021, (09) 345 1588: Tarmoola-King Of The Hills.

Mt Burgess Gold Mining Co NL, 533 Hay St Perth 6000, (09) 221 1777, Butcher Well - Yundamindera.

Newcrest Mining Ltd, 179 Gt Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6401, (09) 270 7070: New Celebration, Ora Banda, Orban JV, Telfer.

North Broken HilI-Peko Ltd, 476 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne Vic 3004, (03) 829 0000: Peak Hill.

Orion Resources NL, 42 Ardross St, Applecross 6153, (09) 364 8355: Burbidge-Great Victoria, Yilgam Star.

Pancontinental Mining Ltd, PO Box 1161, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 24 2000: Kundana, Paddington.

Placer Pacific Ltd, PO Box 33, Laverton WA 6440, (090) 31 3111 : Granny Smith.

Plutonic Resources Ltd, PMB 46 Meekatharra 6642, (09) 370 8201 : Darlot, Lawlers, Plutonic, Sir Samuel-Bellevue.

Poseidon Gold Ltd, 100 Hurt St, Adelaide S.A., (08) 303 1700: Big Bell, Golden Crown, Kaltails.

Ramsgate Resources Ltd, 229 Stifling Highway, Claremont 6010, (09) 383 4321: Grace Darling, Mt Monger-Randalls.

Resolute Resources Ltd, 28 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 321 2t011: Marymia Hill.

Reynolds Australia Metals Ltd, 28 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 322 2313: Cornishman, Frances Furness, Marvel Loch-

Southern Cross, Mt Gibson.

Samantha Gold NL, 28 The Esplanade, Perth 6000, (09) 481 5288: Glendower, Higgginsville, Hopes HilI-Corinthia.

St Barbara Mines Ltd, Gt Northern Highway, Meekatharra 6642, (099) 81 8111 : Bluebird.

Sons of Gwalia NL, 16 Parliament PI, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 1988: Barnicoat, Sons of Gwalia.

Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 191 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09) 479 0711: Emu-Leinster, Hill 50-Mt Magnet, Kambalda-

St Ives, Lancefield.

Westgold Resoumes NL, 108 St Georges’ Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 324 2877: Tuckabianna

Wiluna Mines Ltd, 10 Ord St West Perth 6005, (09) 481 2050: Jundee, Wiluna.

Worsley Alumina Pry Ltd, PO Box 48, Boddington 6390, (098) 83 8260: Boddington.

GYPSUM

H.B. Brady & Co. Pry Ltd, PO Box 42, Bayswater 6053, (09) 279 4422: Lake Brown.

Lake Hillman Mining Pty Ltd, Kalannie 6468, (096) 66 2045: Lake Hillman.

Swan Portland Cement Ltd, Burswood Rd, Rivervale 6103, (09) 361 8822: Lake Hillman.

Westdeen Holdings Pty Ltd, 7 Armstromg Rd, Applecross 6153, (09) 364 4951: Lake Cowcowing.

HEAVY MINERAL SANDS

Garnet Sand

Target Minerals NL, PO Box 188, Geraldton 6530, (099) 23 3644: Port Gregory.

Ilmenite, Rutile, Zircon, Leucoxene & Monazite

Cable Sands (WA) Pry Ltd, PO Box 133, Bunbury 6230, (097) 21 4111: Capel.

RGC Mineral Sands, PO Box 62, Geraldton 6530, (090) 64 2245: Capel, Eneabba North, Eneabba West

TiWest Pty Ltd, 1 Brodie Hall Dve, Bentley 6102, (09) 365 1390: Cooljarloo.

Westralian Sands Ltd, PO Box 96, Capel 6271, (097) 27 2002: Yoganup.

8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1993-94, address, telephone number: minesite.

INDUSTRIAL PEGMATITE MINERALS

Felspar

Commercial Minerals Ltd, 26 Tomlinson Rd, Welshpool 6106, (09) 362 1411: Mukinbudin, Pippingarra.

IRON ORE

BHP Iron Ore (Goldsworthy) Ltd, 200 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 320 4444: Shay Gap.

BHP Iron Ore (Jimblebar) Ltd, 200 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 320 4444: McCamey’s.

BHP Iron Ore Ltd, 200 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 320 4444: Newman, Yandicoogina.

BHP Minerals Ltd, P.O Koolan Island 6733, (091) 910 575: Koolan Island.

Channar Mining Pty Ltd, 191 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 327 2327: Channar.

Hamersley Iron Pty Ltd, 152 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 327 2327: Tom Price, Paraburdoo, Brockman.

Robe River Iron Associates, 12 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 421 4747: Pannawonica.

LIMESAND - LIMESTONE

Cockbum Cement Ltd, Russell Rd, South Coogee 6166, (09) 411 1000: Cockburn Sound, Coogee.

Limestone Building Blocks Co. Pty Ltd, Hopkins Rd, Carabooda 6033, (09) 407 5005: Nowerup.

Loongana Lime Pty Ltd, PO Box 808, Kalgoorlie 6430, (090) 21 8055: Loongana.

Swan Portland Cement Ltd, Burswood Rd, Rivervale 6103, (09) 361 8822: Wanneroo.

Westdeen Holdings Pry Ltd, 7 Armstromg Rd, Applecross 6153, (09) 364 4951: Dandaragan, Gingin, Irwin, Yanchep.

NICKEL

Outokumpu Australia Pty Ltd, 141 Burswood Rd., Burswood 6100, (09) 472 3144: Forrestania

Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 191 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09) 478 0711: Blair, Carnilya Hill, Kambalda, Leinster.

PEAT

Peat Resources of Australia Pry Ltd, 665 Welshpool Rd, Wattle Grove 6107, (09) 453 7777: Manjimup.

PETROLEUM

Ampolex Ltd, 250 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 429 3200: Wandoo

BHP Petroleum Pty Ltd, 221 St Georges Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 426 5600: Griffin

Consolidated Gas Pry Ltd, 174 Hamden Rd, Nedlands 6009, (09) 389 8344: Woodada.

Discovery Petroleum NL, 99 Shepparton Rd, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 470 0400: Mt Homer.

Doral Resoumes NL, 250 St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 481 5866: Tubridgi.

Hadson Energy Ltd, 35 Ventnor Ave, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 8555:Campbell, Harriet, Rosette, Sinbad & Tanami.

Minora Resources NL, 263 Adelaide Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 325 3188: Blina, Boundary, Lloyd, Sundown, West Terrace.

Sagasco Holdings Ltd, 60 Hindmarsh Sq, Adelaide SA 5000, (08) 235 3737: Beharra Springs.

West Aust. Petroleum Pry Ltd (WAPET), QV1,250 St Georges Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 263 6000: Barrow Island, Cowle, Crest,

Dongara, Mondara, Roller-Skate, Saladin, Yammaderry.

Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 28 Ventnor Ave, West Perth 6005, (09) 482 2444: Chervil, North Herald, South Pepper, Airlie Island.

Woodside Offshore Pet. Pry Ltd, 1 Adelaide Tce, Perth 6000, (09)" 224 4111: Cossak/Wanea, Goodwyn, North Rankin.

8.1 PRINCIPAL MINERAL & PETROLEUM PRODUCERS 1993-94, address, telephone number: minesite.

SALT

Cargill Australia Ltd, PO Box 420, Port Hedland 6721, (091) 40 1255: Port Hedland.

Dampier Salt (Operations) Pty Ltd, 177A St George’s Tce, Perth 6000, (09) 327 2299: Dampier, Lake Macleod.

Shark Bay Salt Joint Venture, 22 Mount St, Perth 6000, (09) 322 4811 : Useless Loop.

WA Salt Koolyanobbing Pty Ltd, Cockburn Rd, Hamilton Hill 6163, (09) 430 5495: Lake Deborah East, Pink Lake.

SILICA - SILICA SAND

Silica

Simoca Operations Pty Ltd, P.O Box 1389, Bunbury 6230, (097) 912 588: Dalaroo.

Silica Sand

ACI Operations Pry Ltd, 35 Baille Rd, Canning Vale 6155, (09) 455 1111: Lake Gnangara.

Amatek Ltd, 1 Newburn Rd, Kewdale 6104, (09) 353 3030: Jandakot, Gnangara.

Boral Resources WA Ltd, 136-138 Gt Eastern Hwy, South Guildford 6055, (09) 279 0000: Jandakot.

The Readymix Group (WA), 75 Canning Hwy, Victoria Park 6100, (09) 472 2000: Jandakot.

Western Mining Corp. Ltd, 191 Great Eastern Hwy, Belmont 6104, (09) 478 0711: Mt Burgess.

TALC

Gwalia Minerals NL, 16 Parliament PI, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 1988: Mt Seabrook.

Western Mining Corp. Ltd, PO Box 116, Three Springs 6519, (099) 54 5047: Three Springs.

TIN - TANTALUM - LITHIUM

Spodumene

Lithium Australia Ltd, 16 Parliament PI, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 1988: Greenbushes.

Tantalite - Tin

Goldrim Mining Australia Ltd, 317 Hunter St, Newcastle NSW 2300, (049) 29 2433: Wodgina.

Greenbushes Ltd, 16 Parliament Place, West Perth 6005, (09) 481 1988: Greenbushes.

Pan West Tantalum Pty Ltd, Gateway, 1 Macquarie Place, Sydney NSW 2000, (02) 256 2000: Wodgina.