Name: ________________________________________________Period: __________Date: _____________________

General: Students will understand the significance of civil rights in the 1950s (after World War II).

1. Define the following terms.a. Termination:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b. NAACP: ____________________________________________________________

2. Explain what the following people did during the 1950s.a. Jackie Robinson: ____________________________________________b. Thurgood Marshall:

____________________________________________________________

c. Martin Luther King. Jr.: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What role did President Harry S. Truman play in civil rights?a. Recognized that as President of the USA he had to take

_____________________b. Looking for __________________________________________ for all

human beings c. July 1948: banned discrimination in the hiring of federal employeesd. End to __________________________________________in the armed

forces

4. Why is Jackie Robinson so important to civil rights?a. Record of standing up against ___________________________________b. _____________________ to others for how to deal with racial injusticec. Fostered _____________________ in African Americans across the

countryd. Opened the way for other African Americans to follow him into

__________________________________________

5. How did Jackie Robinson’s fight for civil rights prepare him for his baseball career?

a. Ability to _____________________ the injustices when he served in the army during World War II

b. Gained a __________________________________________ from his experiences

c. Faced _____________________ from fans, opponents on the field, and his own teammates

d. Behaved with _____________________

6. Why did the civil rights movement accelerate after World War II? a. Thousands of African Americans had _____________________ in the war

and experienced a new sense of _____________________ in the northb. Believed that the time had come for the nation to live up to its creed that

____________________________________________________________ before the law

7. What is the NAACP and how did the civil rights activists protest?a. NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored Peopleb. Launched a series of __________________________________________ c. Organized __________________________________________ including

__________________________________________

8. What is the significance of the NAACP launching a series of court cases?a. Fight for __________________________________________b. Outlaw _____________________ in schoolsc. Provided __________________________________________ and aid to

members d. Challenged discrimination in public accommodations, housing,

employment, and voting

9. What is the Plessy vs. Ferguson case and why is it significant? a. Supreme Court decision that held that upheld the notion that racial

segregation was constitutionally legal under the __________________________________________doctrine

b. The States were to __________________________________________accommodations for both races, but that rarely happened

c. Decision validated the practice of segregation and led to the increase of racist Jim Crow laws

10. What are Jim Crow laws?a. State and local lawsb. Mandated racial segregation in all

__________________________________________ c. This separation led to conditions for African Americans that tended to be

inferior to those provided for white Americans

11. What is the significance of Brown vs. Board of Education?a. Oliver Brown sued the Topeka, Kansas Board of Education to allow his

eight-year-old daughter to attend an all white school b. Reached Supreme Court rulingc. __________________________________________ argued on behalf of

Brownd. May 17, 1954: Supreme Court ruled unanimously that

____________________________________________________________

e. One year later, the Court ruled that local school boards should move to desegregate __________________________________________________

12. What impact did the Brown vs. Board of Education have on the country?Positive Negativea. Outlawed Jim Crow lawsb. Black children were able to

attend public schools

a. President Eisenhower ________________________________________with the Brown ruling, but would not _____________________ make a stand

b. Caused fear and angry _____________________ in southern whites

c. Change did not happen _____________________d. All black school closed and those teachers could

not find jobse. White children moved to private schools

13. What is the significance of Little Rock and how did President Eisenhower react?Cause Effect

a. The Brown vs. Board of Education ruling caused fear and angry resistance

b. Caused confrontation at Central High School on Little Rock, Arkansas

c. Governor Orval Faubas declared that he couldn’t keep order if _____________________ occurred

d. Faubes Posted Arkansas ______________________________at the school to turn away nine African American students who tried to enter

a. President Eisenhower had to react to the issue of segregation for it could no longer be _____________________

b. The governor’s actions were a __________________________ to the constitution and the President’s authority

c. The National Guard was put under ___________________________to protect the nine African American children turned away from the school

14. What is the significance of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?a. Began when __________________________________________ refused

to give up her seat to a white man in December of 1955b. Parks held her ground and was _____________________ and ordered to

stand trial for violating the segregation lawsc. Fifty African American leaders met and organized a boycott of the entire

bus system by distributing _____________________ announcing the boycott

d. Lasted _____________________e. _____________________ African Americans walked, rode bicycles, or

joined car pools to avoid city busesf. Supreme Court ruled bus segregation was _____________________g. Produced new _____________________ of leaders including Martin

Luther King, Jr.

15. What part did Martin Luther King, Jr. play in the Montgomery Bus Boycott?a. Became the _____________________ for the protest movementb. _____________________ the success of the bus boycottc. Believed in and introduced

__________________________________________as a means of achieving equality for minority groups

16. How did the Native Americans push for civil rights?a. Had a _____________________ situation to fight forb. Federal government _____________________ reservationsc. Termination: sought to eliminate Native American reservation altogether

and promoted _____________________ in to the US societyd. Native Americans found that assimilation did more

_____________________e. Native Americans sent a petition to the government stating the Native

Americans’ _____________________ in their heritage f. Termination policy discarded in time, but the problems of poverty,

discrimination, and little real political representation

16. How did the Native Americans push for civil rights?a. Had a _____________________ situation to fight forb. Federal government _____________________ reservationsc. Termination: sought to eliminate Native American reservation altogether

and promoted _____________________ in to the US societyd. Native Americans found that assimilation did more

_____________________e. Native Americans sent a petition to the government stating the Native

Americans’ _____________________ in their heritage f. Termination policy discarded in time, but the problems of poverty,

discrimination, and little real political representation