18th Century Colonial America - klapakvmc - Homeklapakvmc.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/8/3/11839917/unit… · Web view1 American History 20G Civil Rights Movement 9/11 and Beyond Cold

American History-World Power P a g e | 1

Name: _______________________________________________

Our fourth unit focuses on America as an established world power in the 21st Century. These are your essential questions for the unit:

1) What was the Cold War and how did it affect the world?2) How did the Civil Rights Movement in America change life for African Americans?3) How did the 9/11 attacks change America and the world?4) Why did the US go to war twice with Iraq and what were their outcomes?

Table of Contents: Assignments:Cold War Origins: 2 Cold War Poster /20Cold War Propaganda Poster: 5 I Have a Dream response /10Atomic Cafe: 9 Iraq War response /10Civil Rights Movement: 10 “I Have A Dream”: 12 The Gulf War: 159/11: 15

Use the Cold War PowerPoint presentation to answer the following questions.

American History 20G

Unit Four: World Power

Cold War

9/11 and Beyond

Civil Rights Movement


1) Define the Cold War.

2) What were the two sides of the Cold War? Who were the main leaders of each side?

3) What were the goals of each side in the Cold War?

4) The Road to the Iron Curtain: Fill in the chart.

Who? What?Atlantic Charter (1941)

Tehran (1943)

Yalta (1945)

Potsdam (1945)

5) What is the “iron curtain?”

Capitalism vs. Communism1) Put the terms on the board into the appropriate category.

Capitalism Communism

2) Add some notes from the chart on the board to help you understand the difference between Capitalism & Communism.



3) Capitalism vs. Communism… & tape.

For each example, select if you think communism or capitalism would make people better off and explain why you choose the one you did. You need to write at least two sentences for each question! A) In capitalism, you can choose between several different types of tape to fit your needs (for example, the “scrapbooking” tape). In communism, there is only one type of tape.Communism or capitalism? Why?

B) In capitalism, you must earn enough money to purchase tape aside from rent, food, and other necessities. In communism, you would receive free tape and housing, food, and other necessities.Communism or capitalism? Why?

C) In capitalism, you can buy as much tape as you want to. In communism, you would only be allowed to have, for example, one roll each year.Communism or capitalism? Why?

D) In capitalism, you can create your own tape company, even invent a new type of tape and make a lot of money on it. However, you would have to compete with companies like Scotch.



In communism, the government (or community) owns any factory that makes tape and no single person makes money off of its production.Communism or capitalism? Why?

4) As we go through the varying examples of Cold War propaganda, write down some characteristics of the images. How do the pro-communist posters portray workers? How do the pro-capitalist posters portray communists? You will use these for your poster.

Cold War Propaganda Poster ProjectAmerican History 20G


Part of the job of any Social Studies student is to evaluate primary sources. In class we have looked at what communism & capitalism are. We are now going to look at some examples of how both the USA and the USSR tried to convince their citizens that communism or capitalism is better. Your task will be to apply your knowledge and create an original Cold War poster.

Directions:

Your task will be to create a Cold War propaganda poster that promotes communism or capitalism. Create a rough sketch or design to be evaluated prior to your creation, to make sure it is on the right track and appropriate for school. Below is the grading rubric that will be used for the final poster.

On the back of each poster should be a small description about your poster. Your description should include the following information (one paragraph for each bullet):

What is your poster trying to do? What is it trying to convince the reader of?CRITERIA 1 2 3 4Explanation of poster“Explain how individual elements of your poster combine to create, reinforce and enhance meaning”

No explanation is given. Student is unclear about what is included in the poster.

Student’s explanation mentions at least one or two elements used and how they help understanding

Student’s explanation demonstrates an understanding of at least three elements and how they help understanding

Student’s explanation demonstrates an extended understanding of at least 4 elements in order to portray a strong message.

Poster Poster includes no colour and no elements to enhance the meaning of the poster.

Poster includes little colour and one or two elements to enhance the meaning of the poster.

Poster includes colour and three elements to enhance the meaning of the poster.

Poster uses colour to enhance the meaning of elements and has four elements to enhance meaning.

An analysis of your own poster. You should clearly explain the images you used, how the images are used, and most importantly how the poster portrays your ideas.

As we look through the examples of Cold War Propaganda write down some techniques used in the pictures and video. These will help you with the assignment.

Preliminary Items to be checked over by Mr.Klapak prior to the creation of your propaganda poster: 1) Rough sketch of poster.

2) Answers to your guiding questions.



Draw a rough sketch of your poster in this box.

Guiding Questions:1. What ideology will your poster be supporting?

2. Is your poster going to be: (circle one)a. A positive portrayal of capitalism b. A positive portrayal of communismc. A negative portrayal of capitalism d. A negative portrayal of communisme. A positive portrayal of capitalism and a negative portrayal of communismf. A positive portrayal of communism and a negative portrayal of capitalism

3. Which keywords discussed in class are you going to address in your poster?

4. What is this poster trying to get you to do/feel?

5. What images or techniques will you use to highlight your poster’s portrayal?



Truman Doctrine & Marshall Plan (1947)

Introduction

As we have already discovered, following the end of the Second World War, Eastern Europe fell under the control of the Soviet Union who had liberated that area from Nazi occupation during the final years of the conflict. By 1946, former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill had stated that an “iron curtain” had descended upon Eastern Europe reaching from Stetin in the Baltic to Trieste on the Adriatic.

While Britain had attempted to help prevent communist governments from forming in places such as Greece and Turkey throughout 1946, by 1947 the financial pressure of maintaining such activity had become too great for this country.

When the war ended in 1945, the United States sent the majority of its military back to the USA and decided to stay out of European affairs. However, as the British planned to withdraw from Greece and stop helping Turkey, US President Truman decided to change American foreign policy and to take an active role against the spread of communism.

Using the handout, answer the following questions

Explain how the situation in Greece led to America’s involvement in European affairs:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Truman Doctrine Questions

In his March 12, 1947 speech to Congress summarize Truman’s perspective in source 30..________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Define the ‘Truman Doctrine’:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



Explain the Marshall Plan:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Did the American public widely support the Marshall Plan? Why did this change? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Answer the following questions based on the powerpoint.

What was the Domino Theory?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A Penny for Your Thoughts...

How far should a country go to support its ideology? For example, is it ok if the USA spends money to help countries that have democracies? What about to provide weapons to other countries that are democracies? Should the USA attack countries that are not democracies?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Berlin Airlift

Why did the Berlin Airlift occur?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Explain why Berlin became the symbol for the Cold War.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



Atomic Cafe

This film combines authentic newsreels, military training films, advertisements & other footage from the Cold War era, juxtaposed with speeches, radio broadcasts and actual music produced during that era, some of which was fairly controversial. Keep in mind that this film was made to convey a specific political and social message. Some of the events are portrayed in such a way as to make the people of the 1950s seem foolish—we can learn from this film, but we must remember that these events are taken out of context and exaggerated.

1. What was surprising to you in this film?

2. How did the fear of atomic bombs affect ordinary people’s lives?

3. Do you think efforts to prepare and protect people from the atomic bomb did them more harm or more good?

The Civil Rights Movement

Making Connections


American History-World Power P a g e | 1 0

As we have studied American History we have discussed the inequalities that have existed throughout the USA’s past. As Vincent Massey is a UNESCO school I want to encourage us to not simply learn about their history of inequality but consider what help this might have for our place in Canadian society? As we study about the Civil Rights Movement in the USA, I want us to think about the inequalities that exist in Canada and the world today.

1. What inequalities do you think exist in Canada today?

2. What inequalities do you think exist in the world today?

A Little Review

3. What were the Jim Crow laws? What effects did they have on life in the southern USA?

4. Why is Homer Plessey a significant figure in the USA? What happened in 1896?

I Have A Dream

“Black American soldiers had fought (albeit in segregated units), for freedom from fascism and dictatorships. The experience had roused their desire to renew the fight for their freedom, which continued to be especially constrained in the South. Yet white resistance to black equality, especially in the South, continued. Sometimes it was brutal with instances of shootings and beatings, sometimes it was intimidatory, sometimes it was more subtle with the refusal of credit or the loss of jobs if black voters registered.”Taken from: “Modern America: The USA, 1865 to the Present”

5. While this paragraph discusses the harsh reality of life in the South after World War Two, why might the experience of World War Two encourage people to fight against the inequality that existed?

Understanding the Civil Rights Movement means understanding the series of events that led to rights for all people in the South. We will do a small jigsaw activity that will help us create a timeline for the Civil Rights Movement.The Civil Rights Movement Timeline Jigsaw


1896: Plessey vs. FergusonUS Supreme Court says “Separate but Equal” is legal.

1954: Brown vs. Board of Education

1955: Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus

P a g e | 1 1

“I Have a Dream” – Martin Luther King Jr.

I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.

Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.

In a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we have come to cash this check — a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.

It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.

But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice. In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.

We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. They have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone.


1954: Brown vs. Board of Education

1955: Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus

P a g e | 1 2

As we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied, as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro's basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their selfhood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating "For Whites Only". We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.

I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.

Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed. Let us not wallow in the valley of despair.

I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal."

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification; one day right there in Alabama, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.

This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.


P a g e | 1 3

This will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with a new meaning, "My country, 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrim's pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring."

And if America is to be a great nation this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania!

Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!

Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California!

But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!

Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!

Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.

And when this happens, when we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last!"

http://www.usconstitution.net/dream.html

I Have A Dream Speech Response: (10 marks)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(use the back if you need more space)


http://www.usconstitution.net/dream.html

P a g e | 1 4

The Gulf War 1991 (Insert handout from Mr. Klapak here and answer the questions after the reading).

9/11 Video Response Notes: Use the space below to keep notes on the video(s) you watch concerning the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York and Washington.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


P a g e | 1 5

Iraq 2: Ground Zero for the War on TerrorUse the handout Mr. Klapak will give to you to answer the following questions:

1) Explain the link between Iraq and September 11 and WMD’s according to the government of George W. Bush.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2) What reasons did the US Congress give in 2002 for authorizing war against Iraq?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3) Explain the US military theory called “shock and awe”. When did the rule of Saddam Hussein end?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4) Describe what occurred after the fall of Hussein’s regime.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) What three problems may have been created in a post-Saddam Iraq as a result of the US-led invasion?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


P a g e | 1 6

Iraq War Response: Knowing what you know now, was the US justified in invading Iraq in 2003? (10 marks)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


P a g e | 1 7


Documents

18th Century Colonial America - klapakvmc - Homeklapakvmc.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/8/3/11839917/unit… · Web view1 American History 20G Civil Rights Movement 9/11 and Beyond Cold