16.8 Thermal Energy - Review

"By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail.”

Benjamin Franklin

Transfer of thermal energy from one object to another because of temperature difference.

Measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to a reference point.

Hot Cold

Celsius

I.   Solids II.   Liquids III.   Gas IV.   Which state would have the most heat and the highest

energy

Slow Medium Fast

Gas

ii.   What about if you put it in a freezer?

iii.   What is the process called?

The balloon would expand if placed near a fire

The balloon would shrink if placed in a freezer

Thermal Expansion

i.   You warmed up the air inside of the balloon by a fire?

i.   Mass ii.   Temperature iii.   Phase (solid, liquid, or gas)

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a material by 1º C.

Q = m · c · Δt

Q = m · c · Δt Q = 300 g · 0.449 J/(g·Cº) · (50ºC - 25ºC) Q = 3,367.5 J

Transfer of thermal energy by objects touching.

Transfer of thermal energy when particles of a fluid move from one place to another.

Transfer of thermal energy by waves moving through space.

Copper, silver, aluminum, iron, steel, brass, bronze, mercury, dirty water

Glass, rubber, fiberglass, cotton, paper, wood, plastic, air, pure water

Energy is conserved.

Thermal energy can flow from colder objects to hotter objects ONLY if work is done on the system.

Absolute Zero cannot be reached.

-273 ºC -459 ºF

From section A to B: From section B to C: From section C to D: From section D to E: From section E to F: From section E to D: From section C to B:  

A solid rising in temperature Phase change: Melting A liquid rising in temperature Phase change: Evaporation A gas rising in temperature Condensation Freezing

From section A to B: Potential Energy: Kinetic Energy:

  From section B to C: Potential Energy:

Kinetic Energy:   From section C to D: Potential Energy:

Kinetic Energy:   From section D to E: Potential Energy:

Kinetic Energy:

Stays the same Increasing Increasing Stays the same Stays the Same Increasing Increasing Stays the Same

From section E to F: Potential Energy: Kinetic Energy:

  From section E to D: Potential Energy:

Kinetic Energy:   From section C to B: Potential Energy:

Kinetic Energy:

Stays the Same Increasing Decreasing Stays the same Decreasing Stays the same

0 ºC 32 ºF

100 ºC 212 ºF

Melting: the change from ______________ to _______________.   Freezing: the change from _____________ to ________________. Evaporation: the change from _____________ to _____________. Condensation: the change from ___________ to _____________. 

solid liquid

liquid solid

liquid gas

gas liquid

Sublimation: the change from ___________ to ____________.   Deposition: the change from ___________ to ______________.

solid gas

gas solid

Which of these three substances below was likely used in this phase change experiment?

Substance Melting point Boiling point Bolognium 20 °C 100 °C

Unobtainium 40 °C 140 °C Foosium 70 °C 140 °C

Melting

Freezing

SublimationDeposition Condensation

Evaporation

Freezing

Thermal Energy

Melting

Condensation

Evaporation

76 Questions!!!!!! ¡  152 Possible Points ¡  5 True/False ¡  10 Matching ¡  56 Multiple Choice ¡  5 questions from previous section (Energy)

¡  Any Questions!!!! ¡  Good Luck and Study !!