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16.3 The past subjunctive ANTE TODO You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive (el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo), also called the imperfect subjunctive. Like the present subjunctive, the past subjunctive is used mainly in multiple- clause sentences which express states and conditions such as will, influence, emotion, commands, indefiniteness, and non-existence.

16.3 The past subjunctive ANTE TODO You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

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Page 1: 16.3 The past subjunctive  ANTE TODO  You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

16.3 The past subjunctive

ANTE TODO You will now learn how to form and use the

past subjunctive (el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo), also called the imperfect subjunctive.

Like the present subjunctive, the past subjunctive is used mainly in multiple-clause sentences which express states and conditions such as will, influence, emotion, commands, indefiniteness, and non-existence.

Page 2: 16.3 The past subjunctive  ANTE TODO  You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

16.3 The past subjunctive

estudiar aprender recibir

SINGULAR FORMS

yo estudiara aprendiera recibiera

tú estudiaras aprendieras recibieras

Ud. / él / ella estudiara aprendiera recibiera

PLURAL FORMS

nosotros/as estudiáramos aprendiéramos recibiéramos

vosotros/as estudiarais aprendierais recibierais

Uds. / ellos / ellas estudiaran aprendieran recibieran

Page 3: 16.3 The past subjunctive  ANTE TODO  You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

16.3 The past subjunctive

¡ATENCIÓN! Note that the nosotros/as form of the past

subjunctive always has a written accent.

The past subjunctive endings are the same for all verbs. There are two sets of endings.

-ra / se -ramos / semos-ras /ses -rais / seis-ra /se -ran /sen

The past subjunctive is formed using the Uds. / ellos / ellas form of the preterite. By dropping the –ron ending from this preterite form, you establish the stem of all the past subjunctive forms.

Page 4: 16.3 The past subjunctive  ANTE TODO  You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

16.3 The past subjunctive

The past subjunctive is formed using the Uds. / ellos / ellas form of the preterite. By dropping the –ron ending from this preterite form, you establish the stem of all the past subjunctive forms. To this stem you then add the past subjunctive endings.

INFINITIVE PRETERITE FORM STEM PAST SUBJUNCTIVE

hablar ellos hablaron habla- hablara, hablaras, habláramosbeber ellos bebieron bebie- bebiera, bebieras, bebiéramosescribir ellos escribieron escribie- escribiera, escribieras, escribiéramos

Page 5: 16.3 The past subjunctive  ANTE TODO  You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

16.3 The past subjunctive

For verbs with irregular preterites, add the past subjunctive

endings to the irregular stem.

INFINITIVE PRETERITE FORM STEM PAST SUBJUNCTIVE

dar dieron die- diera, dieras, diéramosdecir dijeron dije- dijera, dijeras, dijéramosestar estuvieron estuvie- estuviera, estuvieras, estuviéramoshacer hicieron hicie- hiciera, hicieras, hiciéramosir/ser fueron fue- fuera, fueras, fuéramospoder pudieron pudie- pudiera, pudieras, pudiéramosponer pusieron pusie- pusiera, pusieras, pusiéramosquerer quisieron quisie- quisiera, quisieras, quisiéramossaber supieron supie- supiera, supieras, supiéramostener tuvieron tuvie- tuviera, tuvieras, tuviéramosvenir vinieron vinie- viniera, vinieras, viniéramos

Page 6: 16.3 The past subjunctive  ANTE TODO  You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

16.3 The past subjunctive

–Ir stem-changing verbs and other verbs with spelling changes follow

a similar process to form the past subjunctive.

INFINITIVE PRETERITE FORM STEM PAST SUBJUNCTIVE

preferir prefirieron prefirie- prefiriera, prefirieras, prefiriéramosrepetir repitieron repitie- repitiera, repitieras, repitiéramosdormir durmieron durmie- durmiera, durmieras, durmiéramosconducir condujeron conduje- condujera, condujeras, condujéramoscreer creyeron creye- creyera, creyeras, creyéramosdestruirdestruyeron destruye- destruyera, destruyeras, destruyéramosoír oyeron oye- oyera, oyeras, oyéramos

Page 7: 16.3 The past subjunctive  ANTE TODO  You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

16.3 The past subjunctive

The past subjunctive is used in the same contexts and

situations as the present subjunctive and the present perfect subjunctive, except that it generally describes actions, events, or conditions that have already happened.

Me pidieron que no llegara (llegase) tarde. They asked me not to arrive late.

Salió antes de que yo pudiera (pudiese) hablar contigo.He left before I could talk to you.

Me sorprendió que ustedes no vinieran (viniesen)a la cena.It surprised me that you didn’t come to the dinner.

Ellos querían que yo escribiera (escribiese)una novela romántica.They wanted me to write a romantic novel.

Page 8: 16.3 The past subjunctive  ANTE TODO  You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

16.3 The past subjunctive

¡INTÉNTALO! Indica la forma apropiada del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo de los verbos entre paréntesis. Usa las dos formas: ra /se

1. Quería que tú ____ (venir) más temprano.

2. Esperábamos que ustedes ____ (hablar) mucho más en la reunión.

3. No creían que yo ____ (poder) hacerlo.

4. Se opuso a que nosotros ____ (invertir) el dinero ayer.

5. Sentí mucho que ustedes no ____ (estar) con nosotros anoche.

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Page 9: 16.3 The past subjunctive  ANTE TODO  You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive ( el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo ), also called

16.3 The past subjunctive

¡INTÉNTALO! Indica la forma apropiada del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo de los verbos entre paréntesis.

6. No era necesario que ellas ____ (hacer) todo.

7. Me pareció increíble que tú ____ (saber) dónde encontrarlo.

8. No había nadie que ____ (creer) tu historia.

9. Mis padres insistieron en que yo ____ (ir) a la universidad.

10. Queríamos salir antes de que ustedes ____ (llegar).

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