GUIDED BYPROFF. (Miss. HUMA SHAIKH)SUBMITTED ON: *

*The 4 Ps & 4CsMarketingMixCustomerSolutionCustomerCostCommunicationConvenience

Product 1.Basic need of function2.Extra feature3.Esthetic look4.attractive packaging5.Brand name

PlacePlace is a element of the marketing mix that encompasses all aspects of getting products to the consumer in the right location at the right time.A channel of distribution is the complete sequence of marketing organize involved in a bringing a product from the producer to the consumer.

Promotion Promotion is very essential elements of the marketing mix since best the design, best featured, best packed and having good brand name products are failed in the market due to unsuccessful marketing.Various communication tools, namely advertising, personal selling, publicity, public relation are adopted for promotion by the sellers.

Price The amount of money or other consideration that is, something of value given in exchange for a product is termed as a price.The money or something else of value of given in exchange for something is termed as price.

*Different concept of marketing There are five alternative concepts under which organizations conduct their marketing activities: Production conceptProduct concept Selling conceptMarketing conceptSocietal marketing concepts

Production concept Selling the product which is affordable and available "was developed this concept is known as production concept.

*Product Concept The philosophy that consumers will favour products that offer the most quality, performance, and innovative features.

*Selling Concept The idea that consumers will not buy enough of the organizations products unless the organization undertakes a large scale selling and promotion effort.

*Marketing Concept The marketing management philosophy that holds that achieving organizational goals depends on determining the needs and wants of target markets and delivering the desired satisfactions more effectively and efficiently than competitors do.

Societal conceptOrganization are the part of society where they are established. They have to make a balance with customer needs, profit and welfare of society. A new concept was developed which combined this 3 criteria's is called societal concept.

Demand forecastingDemand forecasting is the estimation of the demand for any products for certain time period by the customer.

Importance of Demand forecastingPlanning for future finished goods.Business decision. Improve quantity, effectiveness of product.Crucial to supplier, manufacture or retailer.

Types of Demand forecasting

Methods of demand forecasting(a)qualitative methods1. Jury method 2.Market survey method.3.Salesforce survey method.

Methods of demand forecasting(b)quantitative methods

1.Trend analysis method.2.Moving average method.3.Exponetial smoothing method.4.Least square method.