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11/40/40
Surface Water HydrologySurface Water Hydrologyatat
White River Lake, White River Lake, TexasTexas
Presented byPresented by
Shane WalkerShane Walker
May 3, 2005May 3, 2005
CE 392K.2 – HydrologyCE 392K.2 – Hydrology
22/40/40
MotivationMotivation
Water ScarcityWater Scarcity People Need WaterPeople Need Water
Surface Water
Ground Water
33/40/40
OutlineOutline
Background InfoBackground Info
Model DevelopmentModel Development GeometryGeometry Evaporation & UsageEvaporation & Usage
ResultsResults
44/40/40
Background Background InformationInformation
Who, Where, What, When, Why, HowWho, Where, What, When, Why, How
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Who?Who?
White River Municipal Water District White River Municipal Water District Established in 1967Established in 1967 Post, Crosbyton, Ralls, Spur, & White RiverPost, Crosbyton, Ralls, Spur, & White River Services < 10,000 peopleServices < 10,000 people
66/40/40
Who?Who?
White River Water Treatment PlantWhite River Water Treatment Plant
Provides “Superior” drinking water to the MWDProvides “Superior” drinking water to the MWD Source: surface water from White River LakeSource: surface water from White River Lake Average Annual effluent: 1.7 MGDAverage Annual effluent: 1.7 MGD Maximum effluent: 4.5 MGDMaximum effluent: 4.5 MGD
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Who?Who?
White River LakeWhite River Lake
Constructed: 1962-1964Constructed: 1962-1964 Inflow: White River (intermittent)Inflow: White River (intermittent) Full Elevation: 2372 ftFull Elevation: 2372 ft Full Depth: 45 ftFull Depth: 45 ft Full Volume: 31,846 acre-ftFull Volume: 31,846 acre-ft Full Area: 2.5 sq. mi.Full Area: 2.5 sq. mi.
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Where?Where?
White River LakeWhite River Lake ~ 40 mi. E of Lubbock~ 40 mi. E of Lubbock
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What?What?
Software program to Software program to predict the predict the usable lifeusable life of the Lakeof the Lake
Dependent upon Dependent upon evaporationevaporation and and usageusage
1010/40/40
Why?Why?
Lake DepletionLake Depletion – rationing vs. alternative source? – rationing vs. alternative source?
End of Month Lake Level
2345
2350
2355
2360
2365
2370
2375
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Lak
e L
evel
(fe
et)
1111/40/40
How?How?
1)1) develop develop mathematical modelmathematical model of the of the geometry of the lakegeometry of the lake
2)2) values for values for evaporationevaporation and and usageusage
3)3) develop develop softwaresoftware to predict to predict usable lifeusable life
1212/40/40
Historical DataHistorical Data
1313/40/40
Historical DataHistorical DataEnd of Month Lake Level
2345
2350
2355
2360
2365
2370
2375
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Lak
e L
evel
(fe
et)
1414/40/40
Historical DataHistorical Data
Monthly Rainfall
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Rai
nfa
ll (
in)
1515/40/40
Historical DataHistorical Data
Monthly Pumpage (1967-2004)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Pu
mp
age
(MG
)
MEAN
1616/40/40
Historical DataHistorical Data
Monthly Rainfall (1967-2004)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Rai
nfa
ll (i
n)
MEAN
1717/40/40
Historical DataHistorical Data
Annual Pumpage
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Pu
mp
age
(MG
)
1818/40/40
Historical DataHistorical Data
Annual Rainfall
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
Pu
mp
age
(MG
)
1919/40/40
Model Model DevelopmentDevelopment
GeometryGeometry
Evaporation & UsageEvaporation & Usage
2020/40/40
Volume/Depth Volume/Depth RegressionRegression
Mathematical ModelMathematical Model
OfOf
Lake GeometryLake Geometry
2121/40/40
DataData
Volumetric SurveyVolumetric Survey of White River Lake of White River Lake June 30, 1993 June 30, 1993 prepared by the Hydrographic Survey Groupprepared by the Hydrographic Survey Group published by the Texas Water Developement Boardpublished by the Texas Water Developement Board
Sonar/SoundingSonar/Sounding Surface area vs. Elevation @ 0.1 ft intervalSurface area vs. Elevation @ 0.1 ft interval
2222/40/40
AnalysisAnalysis
Input data into Microsoft ExcelInput data into Microsoft Excel
Used built-in regression toolsUsed built-in regression tools
Determined accuracy of correlation by RDetermined accuracy of correlation by R22
2323/40/40
ResultsResults
• Determined best fit as Power function
• V(D) = 5.3412 D2.2933
• D(V) = 0.4827 V0.4358
• (R2 ~0.999) – Good considering siltation
2424/40/40
Evaporation & Evaporation & UsageUsage
Water Consumption DataWater Consumption Data
2525/40/40
EvaporationEvaporation
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Eva
po
rati
on
(ft
)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
2626/40/40
Domestic/Industrial Domestic/Industrial UsageUsage
IndustrialIndustrial Oil Companies flood oil wellsOil Companies flood oil wells
DecreasingDecreasing
Compare Compare Domestic Domestic versus versus IndustrialIndustrial
2727/40/40
Total Usage (D+I)Total Usage (D+I)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
Usa
ge
(MG
)
1998 2000
2828/40/40
Domestic UsageDomestic Usage
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
Usa
ge
(MG
)
1998 2000
2929/40/40
Domestic/Industrial Domestic/Industrial UsageUsage
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
Usa
ge
(MG
)
Max Total Usage
Max Domestic Usage
3030/40/40
Domestic/Industrial Domestic/Industrial UsageUsage
82%
18%
Domestic Industrial
3131/40/40
AssumptionsAssumptions
No No InfiltrationInfiltration
(clay soils)(clay soils)
No No precipprecip or or inflowinflow (conservative)(conservative)
3232/40/40
Lake Level ModelLake Level Model
Evaporation & UsageEvaporation & Usage
3333/40/40
Lake Level ModelLake Level Model
Start Elevation Start Elevation
– – Evap Evap
– – Pumpage Pumpage
= Final Elevation= Final Elevation
3434/40/40
Alternative ScenariosAlternative Scenarios
Case A – No change (Case A – No change ( = 0) = 0)
Case B – Eliminate Industrial UsageCase B – Eliminate Industrial Usage
Case C – Limit plant flow Case C – Limit plant flow
Case D – Eliminate all usageCase D – Eliminate all usage
3535/40/40
Lake Level ModelLake Level Model
Input DataInput Data DateDate
Full elevationFull elevation
Current surface elevationCurrent surface elevation
Lowest intake elevationLowest intake elevation
Lake bottom elevationLake bottom elevation
3636/40/40
ResultsResults
1821
28
42
0
12
24
36
48
Usa
ble
Lif
e (M
on
ths)
Case A Case B Case C Case D
Usable Life vs. Alternative
3737/40/40
BenefitsBenefits
Educate planners and managersEducate planners and managers
WRMWDWRMWD Industrial will probably not be eliminatedIndustrial will probably not be eliminated Simulate rationing by assuming Simulate rationing by assuming winter usagewinter usage
Applied to any reservoir (water balance) Applied to any reservoir (water balance)
3838/40/40
Model ImprovementsModel Improvements
Change USDA evap to TWDB evapChange USDA evap to TWDB evap
Add Precipitation into the modelAdd Precipitation into the model
““Calibrate” the model to simulate dry spellsCalibrate” the model to simulate dry spells
3939/40/40
ConclusionsConclusions
Consider sustainable Consider sustainable alternative supplyalternative supply
4040/40/40
Questions?Questions?