An economic system in which all means of

production are owned by the people, private

property does not exist ?

• “An economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people• land, factories, railroads,

and businesses private property does not exist

• all goods and services are to be shared equally

• No social classes

An economic system in which money is invested with the goal of making

more money ?

• “An economic system in which money is invested with the goal of making more money (profit).”

“One million dollars!”

What were the 2 rivaling Alliances of the Cold

War ?

• NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization

• We hate communism club

• Stop the spread of communism

• Warsaw Pact – pro Soviet countries – USSR, and all countries controlled by the USSR.

• COMMUNISt

This policy was developed to keep communism from

spreading by diplomatic, economic, and military force?

-Idea: If the U.S. could prevent the Soviets from expanding, their system would eventually fall apart.

-This led to the “containment policy”: keep communism from spreading by diplomatic, economic, and military force.

We need to keep Communism from

Spreading!

George Kennan

This Doctrine was created when the US gave $400 million to

combat communism in Greece and Turkey and pledged to

fight communism worldwide.

• In August of 1946, the Soviets were trying to establish communists govts. In Greece and Turkey.

• Truman asked congress for $400 million to help fight communist aggressions via military and economic aid.

• In the long run, it pledged the U.S. to fight communism worldwide.

Remember Greasy Turkey

Provided economic aid to all European nations rebuilding their economies after

WWII this helped to weaken the appeal of

Communism ($1.3 billion).

• In June of 1947, Sec.of State George Marshall proposed economic aid to all European nations rebuilding their economies.

• Western Europe began to recover and weakened the “appeal” of Communism.

• Also, new markets for trade were opened.

What 4 countries divided Germany

after WWII ?

• The U.S., Great Britain, and France decided to merge their zones and allow the Germans to have their own govt.

• West Berlin was also merged and became part of West Germany.

• The Soviets still controlled what became known as East Germany.

• Like the whole of Germany, the city of Berlin was divided into four zones

Why was the Berlin Airlift significant?

Berlin Airlift • Soviet Union blocked

access to West Berlin hoping to force West Berlin to become Communist.

• The Airlift was an issue of American integrity and an exercise of it's Airforce might. The Airlift helped solidify America as an emerging super power in the 1940's.

• Germany was grateful (we become friends again )

What is the incident when the USSR shot down a US spy plan

over Russia ?

U-2 Affair• Cold War tensions increased

when in 1960 the USSR shot down a US spy plane over Russia

• At first, the United States government denied everything

• US was forced to admit when the USSR produced its remains (largely intact) and surviving pilot

Which minority group made military

integration possible after WWII ?

• African Americans felt they deserved equal rights, especially after hundreds of thousands served in WWII

• Truman took action in 1948 by desegregating the armed forces

• Additionally, Truman ordered an end to discrimination in the hiring of governmental employees

What action started the Korean War ?

• On June 25, North Korean communist forces cross the 38th parallel and invade South Korea.

• On June 27, Truman orders U.S. forces to assist the South Koreans while the U.N. Security Council condemns the invasion

• On Sept.15 1950, MacArthur ordered a daring invasion behind enemy lines

Why did Truman fire MacArthur?

• MacArthur doesn’t like being told no. He goes to Congress and the press to try to win support for his strategy.

• What is the big problem here?

• Just one problem… He forgot who his boss was.

• MacArthur was Fired

Wipe that smile off your face! Have you forgotten who I am?

Government Organization that investigated “Un-American”

activity

• FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover went to the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) to urge them to hold public hearings on Communist subversion. Under Hoover’s leadership, the FBI sent agents to investigate suspected groups and to wiretap thousands of telephones.

What couple was convicted of heading a Soviet Spy ring, and was sent to the electric chair?

• The search for spies intensified when the Soviet Union produced an atomic bomb.

• Klaus Fuchs admitted giving information to the Soviet Union.

• This led to the arrest of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, who were charged with heading a Soviet spy ring.

• Many believed the Rosenbergs were not guilty, but they were still executed in1953.

Who searched for disloyalty based on flimsy evidence and

irrational fears?

• McCarthy became the chairman of the Senate subcommittee on investigations.

• Turned into a witch hunt as he searched for disloyalty based on poor evidence and fear.

“Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist Party?”

What act made it illegal to “combine, conspire, or agree with any other person to perform any

act which would substantially contribute to . . . the

establishment of a totalitarian government.”?

• McCarthy won the Senate race after accusing his Democratic opponent of being a Communist.

• Americans to begin to believe them.

• Congress passed the Internal Security Act or McCarran Act in 1950. The act made it illegal to “combine, conspire, or agree with any other person to perform any act which would substantially contribute to . . . the establishment of a totalitarian government.”

• Six concentration camps built for suspects

When did McCarthy go to far?

• 1954- Finally, an army lawyer named Joseph Welch stood up to McCarthy.

• Later that year, the Senate passed a vote of censure, or formal disapproval, against McCarthy.

McCarthy you are a liar and an

idiot!

What was the first satellite to orbit

Earth ?

October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first rocket to reach space from Kazakhstan. It was the first satellite that orbited the earth.

What organization did the US create in

response to Sputnik ?

• To counter this, the United States To counter this, the United States Government established the National Government established the National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) on July 29, 1958on July 29, 1958

We feel stupid!

Why was the Cuban Missile Crisis significant?

• Soviet leader, Soviet leader, Nikita Nikita Khrushchev to Khrushchev to believe believe expansion in expansion in Latin America Latin America would be easywould be easy

• 1962 secretly 1962 secretly built 42 missiles built 42 missiles in Cubain Cuba

• Closest the world Closest the world ever came to ever came to nuclear warfarenuclear warfare

What was the purpose of the Federal Highway

Act?

• In 1956 Congress passed the Federal Highway Act

• Construction of 40,000 miles of interstate highways.

• This was needed because– the number of Americans who

owned cars increased – In times of crisis it would be

necessary to transport missiles and military supplies quickly

What was the purpose of the Federal Highway Act?

What was the theory behind more “Bang for

you Buck”?

• Less money $ a large army

• More money for atomic weapons of all kinds.

• From 1,000 to18,000 bombs by 1961

What is the policy of threatening to use

nuclear weapons to get our way?

• Fighting small wars to stop the spread of Communism were too expensive (like Korea)

• Instead threaten to use nuclear weapons, this policy is called Massive Retaliation

What were built to protect people from

the radiation left over after a nuclear blast ?

• Although Americans tried to protect themselves, experts realized that for every person killed instantly by a nuclear blast, four more would later die from fallout, the radiation left over after the blast.

• Some families built fallout shelters in their backyards and stocked them with canned food.

What major events were signs that the Cold War

was over?

Berlin opens in 1989

Wall torn down 1990

Soviet Union dismantled 1991

What major events were signs that the Cold War was over?

Who was known as King of Rock and Roll?

• Elvis Presley brought rock and roll to the forefront

• Presley’s rebellious style captured young audiences

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5JALwwaASg

How was business in the 50s?

• During the 1950s, businesses expanded rapidly

• More and more people held “white-collar” jobs - clerical, management, or professional jobs

• The fields of sales, advertising, insurance and communications exploded White Collar jobs expanded

greatly in the 1950s

How did WWII effect the divorce rate?

• A return to traditional roles after the war was the norm

• Men were expected to work, while women were expected to stay home and care for the children

• Conflict emerged as many women wanted to stay in the workforce

• Divorce rates surged

What role was a typical woman of the 50s supposed to play?

• During the 1950s, the role of homemaker and mother was glorified in popular magazines, movies and television

Why was there a baby boom after WWII?

Why did the baby boom occur when it did?

• Husbands returning from war

• Decreasing marriage age

• Desirability of large families

• Confidence in economy- Truman’s Fair Deal Policies increased the minimum wage

• Advances in medicine

What new developments in medicine led to higher birth rates and longer life

expectancy?

• Advances in the treatment of childhood diseases included drugs to combat typhoid fever and polio

• Led to an increase in life expectancy

Dr. Salk was instrumental in the eradication of polio

What famous red headed comedian could you see

on TV in the 50s?

• The 1950s was known as the “Golden Age of Television”

• Comedies were the main attraction as Milton Berle, Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz were very popular

Desi Arnaz and Lucille Ball starred in I Love Lucy

What artistic movement emerged in the 50s?

• The “Beat Movement” in literature and rock n’ roll clashed with tidy suburban views of life

• Followers, called “beatniks”, tended to shun work and sought understanding through Zen Buddhism, music, and sometimes drugs

What is White Flight?

• In the 1950s, millions of middle-class white Americans left the cities for the suburbs

• At the same time millions of African American rural poor migrated to the cities

• The so-called “White Flight” drained cities of valuable resources, money and taxes

What were the rebels of the 1950s?

What was GATT?

• General Agreement or Tariffs and Trade

• first signed in 1947• agreement was

designed to provide an international forum that encouraged free trade

• expanded international trade by mutual reduction of tariffs