12th v Year Plan

8/6/2019 12th v Year Plan

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12th V year Plan

Energy Sector

Strategy


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To assess the energy demand in the country during the next 10-15 years

To assess domestic energy resource endowments and production capacities for the years 2011-12

and 2016-17.

To suggest the optimum level of primary energy mix for various fuels for the years 2011-12 and 2016-

17.

To recommend an optimal fuel-mix for different end-use sectors for the Eleventh Plan keeping in view

the domestic availability, inter-modal transport priorities, environmental implications and costs of

energy imports, To suggest measures for assuring energy security for the country,

To suggest further measures for encouraging private sector participation based on the experience

gained so far.

To review the steps taken for efficient production and use of energy and to recommend measures for

optimum efficiency in these areas including Demand Side Management,

To suggest policy for development of hydel and nuclear power in the context of energy security for the

country,

To suggest measures for accelerated development of New & Renewable Sources of Energy keeping inview the depleting nature of fossil fuels and their adverse impact on environment,

To suggest short-term & long-term energy pricing policies for Eleventh & Twelfth Plan respectively.

To review the existing regulatory framework for the energy sector and to suggest improvements

thereof,

To review the subsidy structure in the energy sector and to suggest measures to reduce the subsidy in

the sector,

To examine the role of government in the Energy Sector in view of the emerging market orientation of

the sector.

SCOPE


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Importance ofEnergy Sector

The energy sector is an important one for the country, and especially, from an economic point of view. It

has been observed that the energy sector has played a crucial role in the context of the global economy.

Prices of oil and such other sources of energy have been affecting the economies of various developing

nations and have been playing crucial roles in shaping them as well as ours.

Energy is important:-

For sustained economic growth.

long-term availability ofadequate energy at affordable cost. Meeting the energy challenge is therefore of

fundamental importance toIndias economic growth imperatives and its efforts to raise its level ofhuman

development.

India has emerged as one ofthe fast growing economies in the world, after having recorded an annual

average growth rate of8% during the last four years. The energy sector holds the key in accelerating

Indias economic growth. The rapidly growing industrial base, urbanization, as well as improvement in thestandard ofliving have widened the gap between energy demand and supply.


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Step 2 : Forecast Generation

Step 3 : Demand Planning

Step 4 : Supply Planning

Step 1 : Trend Analysis


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Present Scenario & Forecasting Demand


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India: Energy Production and Consumption

Proven Oil Reserves (January 1, 2010) 5.6 billion barrels

Oil Production (2009) 879,000 barrels per day, of which 77% was crude

oil.

Oil Consumption (2009) 3.0 million barrels per day

Proven Natural Gas Reserves (January 1, 2010) 38 trillion cubic feet

Natural Gas Production (2009) 1,365 billion cubic feet

Natural Gas Consumption (2009) 1,810 billion cubic feet

Recoverable Coal Reserves (2005) 62,300 million short tonsCoal Production (2009) 613.4 million short tons

Coal Consumption (2009) 680.9 million short tons

Electricity Installed Capacity (2007) 159 gigawatts

Electricity Generation (2007) 761 billion kilowatt hours

Electricity Consumption (2007) 568 billion kilowatt hours

Total Energy Production (2007) 13.05 quadrillion Btus*

Total Energy Consumption (2007) 19.1 quadrillion Btus*, of which Coal (53%), Oil

(31%), Natural Gas (8%), Hydroelectricity (6%),Nuclear (1%), Other Renewables (1%)

Total Per Capita Energy Consumption (2007) 17.0 million Btus


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Forecasting Demand


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Are such targets realistic?


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High incremental cost

Problems

Are such targets realistic?


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Suggestions

We need to realize that our dependence on oil could cripple our economy. Supply constraints or disruption to oil flowcould derail economic activity. It should be an imperative for our national security to develop alternative energies.

It needs to pursue a clear vision and goal with respect to our energy policy.

Some of the suggestions are as follows:

Brazilian Example: Brazil focused on ethanol produced by sugarcane. It contributes 20 % of the commercial energy in

Brazil. It is one of the alternative to gasoline. Ethanol can be produced by corn also, but with certain limitations asthere is risk in food supply. Ethanol cant be entire solution.

Better to convert non edible things into biofuel.Algae can be biofuel of the future. More labs n research work isrequired.

For personal needs, personal dynamo gadgets can be used, specially in areas which have poor infrastructure.

Encourage the new energy efficient and energy producing gadgets for rural areas and household works.

North Eastern states have tremendous capacity of hydel power generation. Proper transmission infrastructure has tobe developed to utilize the capacity and the development of the said region.

Increasing the fuel efficiency: Industrial, commercial and Residential energy efficiency significantly saves energy,costs and air pollution. It is very important for social sustainability, and even small energy savings can make a bigdifference to poorer households. For example energy production is possible by truck shock absorbers. In the short-term, then, energy efficiency is critical to making energy development more sustainable.

Greater diversity of supply will need a combination of policies, since single policies do not change the large share ofcoal and mineral oil in total rimar ener su l .


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Source: Energy Information Administration, 2003 and Renewable Fuels Association,

2005.

World Supply of Ethanol by Country and Percent of Transportation Fuel

Demand Met by Ethanol

Less than 2 %Only 4% of world supply by India


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The energy supply from the solar panel covered roof is not only for the

stadium.When not hosting sport events, the generated power will be used to

provide as much as 80% of electricity demand from the surrounding areas.

This unique solar power plant is expected to generate about 1.14 GWh of

electrical energy annually.

Taiwan has recently completed the construction of a stadium that relies 100% on

solar power for all power supply needs. The stadium, designed by Toyo Ito, is

covered with 8844 solar panels which produce power used, among other things, for

lighting up the track with flood lights.


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China is going to put more attention towards small rural hydropower

projects, as part of its overall efforts to bring electricity to undersuppliedregions of the country. Chinese Minister ofWaterResources, Chen Lei,

delivered a key speech at the recently held 5th Hydropower for Today

Forum, held in Hangzhou, China.

MinisterChen said small rural hydropower needs to be highlighted by the

government, with stronger support from international organizations, and

also participation of various circles of the society. He further expressedhope about international sharing of expetise and technology in small

hydropower development.

China is planning to reach 75 GW of small hydropower installations by

2020.

China bringing small rural hydropower into the spotlight


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Personal Dynamo Gadget

USB power pot uses excess heat to

charge your e gadgets


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The e-charkha is an ingenious update to Indias ubiquitous charkha [spinning wheel] that

transforms the simple machine into a potentially significant source of energy for millions

ofstruggling families in India. Designed by RS Hiremath, the e-charkha not only

produces yarn but also generates electricity using a maintenance free lead acid battery

fixed at the bottom, which functions as an inverter.

Energy-Generating SpinningWheel

Provides Power for the Poor


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Algae as Biofuel of the Future

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12th v Year Plan