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Fire Emissions Tracking Fire Emissions Tracking System Development & System Development &

ImplementationImplementation

Workshop on Regional Emissions & Air Quality Modeling Studies

Biogenics, Ammonia, Dust, and Fire Emissions Section1p MDT July 29, 2008 Denver, Colorado

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For the next 20 minutes or For the next 20 minutes or so…so…

• Description of FETS current functions.

• Introduction of future ideas for the FETS and fire emissions data.

www.wrapfets.org

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FETS IntroFETS IntroThe FETS is

– Intended for regional coordination of fire activity and storage/retrieval of fire activity and emissions data.

– A “commodity based” system requiring only access to the Internet to upload, view, and report data.

– Housed at the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA) and is managed by the WRAP.

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FETS IntroFETS Intro• The FETS can accept data pertaining to

any fire type in any geographic area.– Fire activity and emissions are always

associated with a specific fire type.• Performs other “WRAP-specific” functions

– Emissions averted with use of Emission Reduction Techniques

– Tracking of Annual Emission Goals• “New user” development tasks are

limited to– Establishing the handshake to submit data,– Training on the use of the FETS,– Customizing data fields, queries, and

reporting to meet user-specific needs.

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FETS Design

DataEntry

Screens

FTPSite

MapTool

View/Edit

Screens

ReportingServices

GISServices

Data QC

SQL Server

EmissionsCalculation

WIMS/RAWS

NIFCICS-209TSS

ManualEntry

BatchFiles

EIReports

SMOKEfiles

RawData

Data QC

AnnualEmission

Goals

FETSUsers

Internet ToolsFETS Website

FETS Technical Node

Current Functions of the Current Functions of the FETSFETS

• Fire Activity data acquisition and status of data reported.

• Instant emissions (PM2.5) estimate.• Display of current wildland fire,

planned burns, and recent MODIS fire detects on Regional Coordination Map.

• Behind-the-scenes fire science.

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Current Functions of the Current Functions of the FETSFETS

• Basic fire activity and emissions reporting functions.

• Updated Smoke Management Program contacts list.

• Documentation of methods implemented in the FETS.

VERY BRIEF ON-LINE TOUR OF FETS

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Critical Functions of the FETS

COLLECT AND STORE

Output Results

Level 0

Level 1

Levels 2 & 3

Imp

rove

qua

lity of

em

issions e

stima

tes

Planned emissions/regional coordination: very frequent use

QC’d data and periodic reporting

Refined emissions for input to modeling

• Storage Device for Fire Activity Data• Real-time Information Tool for SMPs• Cost Effective Data Retrieval Tool• Integrates Fire Data into Regional Haze

SIPs

CU

RR

EN

TFU

TU

RE

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FETS Data Level Definitions (Draft)

FETS DevelopmentFETS Development• Done

– Reported data acquisition & QC (low hanging fruit)

– Regional Coordination functions

– Level 1 emissions inventory data

– Rudimentary EI queries and reporting

• Going-on– User training

(webinars)– Data acquisition– Info gathering on

satellite detect– Coordinate with

other fire-tracking and emissions systems

– Drafting methods for Level 2 refinements

– Integrate FETS data with TSS

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• Future

– Implement Level 2

– Draft methods for and implement Level 3

– Continued coordination with other fire-related systems.

– Provide data for modeling analyses.

Discussion/QuestionsDiscussion/Questions

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• Fire Activity Data (accomplished acres/day per event)– From SMP

• Accomplishment Reports

– From Federal ICS209• Day[N] – Day[N-1]

– Assume 100% of reported acres burned.

• Emission Factors– Look-up table

(AP-42/WRAP Ph. II) in SQL database.

• Fuels Information (one loading per event-day)– User-provided– FCCS fuel category– GIS FCCS tool

• Uniform emission calculations

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Level 1 Data (Current)Level 1 Data (Current)

• Spatial Coverage– Federal Lands for WF

and WFU• >100 acres timber• >300 acres grass/brush

– Active Smoke Management Programs

• Prescribed (Rx)• Agricultural Burning

(Ag)• Non-Federal Rangeland

(NFR)

– A large number of small wildland fires go unreported.

– Reporting is highly variable across states and Tribes with SMPs

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Level 1 DataLevel 1 Data

• Chemical Speciation– Standard suite of

pollutants from Phase II Fire Emissions Inventory

• Readily available in the literature

• Simple mathematical relationships

– To date, PM2.5 is the pollutant most frequently used for Level 1.

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Level 1 DataLevel 1 Data

Level 2 Data (future)Level 2 Data (future)

• Primary Goals for Level 2 data:– Fill “gaps” in the Level 1 fire data for

western North America (SW Canada, N Mexico, US W of 100th meridian of longitude)• Spatial• Temporal• Fire types

– Publish level 2 data 6-8 weeks after the end of quarter.

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• Fire Activity Data– Fill in spatially and

temporally for all fire types.

– Use detects from one or more satellite products.

– Use land use and land cover data to classify unreported fire detects.

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Level 2 DataLevel 2 Data

– QA and improve daily spatial location of each Level 1 event.

– Adopt method to refine estimate of daily acres burned.

– Improve completeness of the number of daily fire events across the region.

• Emission Factors & Emissions– Continue to apply

AP-42/Phase II emission factors.

– Maintain consistency with historical and Level 1 data

– Emissions based on CONSUME currently available in FETS

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Level 2 DataLevel 2 Data

• Fuels Information – “unknown events”– Develop methods

for a “first principals” estimate of fuel loading, emissions, and fire type assignment.

• Fuels Information – reported events– User-provided– FCCS fuel category– GIS FCCS tool– CONSIDER:

• Weighted fuel loading for event-day.

• Using unique fuel loading for each fire detect.

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Level 2 DataLevel 2 Data

Level 2 DataLevel 2 Data

• Spatial Coverage– Capture SW Canada

and N Mexico.– Capture small

wildland fires on Federal Lands.

– Capture and categorize planned fires to lessen the effect of variations in SMPs.

• Chemical Speciation– Same as Level 1

Document changes in fire emissions by county and 36km grid cell

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Level 3 Data (future)Level 3 Data (future)

• Primary Goals for Level 3 data:– Free-standing replacement for SMOKE

emissions modeling for fire:• 3-dimensional hourly emissions• Enhanced chemical speciation• Gridded emission inventory

– Create calendar-year product annually by March 31st of the next year.

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• Emission Factors and Emissions– FETS would report QA

and analysis steps to prepare and report Level 3 data.

– FETS would disclose method for estimating speciated fire emissions.

– Peer-reviewed publication required.

• Fire Activity, Fuels Information, Spatial Coverage– Consider effort

needed vs. data quality improvement for any approach to improve Level 2 data.

– Likely maintain Level 2 activity data quality and completeness.

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Level 3 DataLevel 3 Data

• Chemical Composition of Fire Emissions– Develop chemical

speciation specific to fuel loading and fuel characteristics for each fire event.

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Level 3 DataLevel 3 Data

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Data AcquisitionData Acquisition

• Wildfire– FTP-get ICS-209 data set from federal

site. Pulls previous day’s burns.

• All other fire types– FTP-get from Agency sites (OR, WA,

NM)– FTP-put to FETS site from Smoke

Management Programs (AZ)– Automated direct acquisition from SMP

databases (MT,ID, Nez Perce)– Manual data entry at FETS

Automated Data Acquisition

0200 & 0700 MDT

0700 – 1900 MDT

0200 MDT

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Recent Data Acquisition Recent Data Acquisition DevelopmentsDevelopments

Data stream activeData stream pending

ProviderFeder

alStat

ePrivat

eAgricultur

alRangela

nd

Oregon X X X X X

Washington X X X X

Montana X X X

Idaho X X X X

New Mexico X X X

Colorado X X X

Arizona X X X

Nez Perce X X

Data stream known, not initiated

Fuel ConsumptionUser ProvidedGIS overlay with FCCS 1.1 (lower 48) or CFFDRS (Alaska)

Emission EstimatesUser ProvidedWRAP Phase II (simple) [always used for Regional Coordination]CONSUME 3.0 [includes GIS lookup of

daily fuel moisture and precipitation]

Integration of WRAPFire Policy ElementsNatural/AnthropogenicEmission Reduction Techniques

FUEL AND EMISSIONS

1k-hr Fuel Moisture Interpolated surface

CFFDRS

FCCS 1.1