Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Sri Venkateswara Engineering College

Under the guidance ofT.NAGESWARA RAO M.Tech,MIEEE

Presented

ByB.APOORVA11631A0405B.Tech -ECE

SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM

Contents Introduction Block diagram Power supply Microcontroller L293D Driver Solar panel Gear motor Real time clock And lcd Crystal oscillator And keypadAdvantages Applications Conclusion

Introduction

Solar tracking system is the best solution for receive the

maximum radiation.

In this system, to track the sun position and to capture the

solar energy through solar panel.

Block diagram

power supply230 V AC 50 Hz

5V DC

12V step down transformer

Filter(470µf)

5v RegulatorBridge rectifier

Microcontroller(AT89S52)

8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory

4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range

Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz

256 x 8-bit Internal RAM

32 Programmable I/O Lines

Three 16-bit Timer/Counters

Eight Interrupt Sources

PIN DESCRIPTION

L293D Driver

L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver integrated circuit (IC).

Motor drivers act as current amplifiers since they take a low-

current control signal and provide a higher-current signal.

L293D contains two inbuilt H-bridge driver circuits.

In its common mode of operation, two dc gear motors can be

driven simultaneously, both in forward and reverse direction.

L293D Driver Features

Voltage Range: 4.5 V to 36 V

Separate Input-Logic Supply

Internal ESD Protection

High-Noise-Immunity Inputs

Output Current 1 A Per Channel

Peak Output Current 2 A Per Channel

SOLAR PANEL

Solar panel is used to convert solar energy to electrical energy.

In this the mono crystalline solar panel and is made from a

large crystal of silicon.

Solar panels are popular in remote areas where electricity lines

are not available.

GEAR MOTOR

Gear motors allow the use of economical low-

horsepower motors to provide great motive force at

low speed such as in lifts, winches, jacks and robotics.

The reduction gear trains used in gear motors are

designed to reduce the output speed while increasing

the torque.

Gear motors are used primarily in automotive

applications such as power window motors

REAL TIME CLOCK

The DS1307 serial alarm real-time clock provides a full binary

coded decimal clock calendar that is accessed by a simple

serial interface. The clock provides seconds, minutes, hours,

date, month, and year information

LCD

Liquid crystal display is an electronic display module.

It has two registers command and data. The command register

stores the command instructions given to the lcd.

The data register stores the data to be displayed on the lcd.

Crystal oscillator

Crystal oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces

electrical oscillations at a particular designed frequency

The crystal oscillator is generally used in various forms such as

a frequency generator, a frequency modulator and a frequency

converter.

Keypads are a part of human machine interface

KEYPAD

ADVANTAGES

Solar power is pollution free during use.

The solar energy can be reused as it is non renewable resource

Production end wastes and emissions are manageable using

existing pollution controls. End-of-use recycling technologies

are under development.

Applications

Battery charger

solar cooker

In water treatment technologies

CONCLUSION

Solar tracking system today offer an innovative method to

track the solar isolation and provide economic compatibility of

the generation of electric power where grid connections are

difficult to setup and costly.

Here the tracking system is based on microcontroller with

effective systematic operation and the solar panel is rotated by

the dc gear motor effectively.

 

Thank you…..