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Rasse06.09.2010
Ein ehemaliger deutscherBildungsminister pldiertr den Gebrauch
des
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Zwischen Russland undChina19.08.2010
Mit einer Reise in dieMongolei strkt derdeutsche Minister
frEntwicklung die Stellung
Berlins in Asien - gegenChina.
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Ein Denkmal fr dieZarin14.07.2010
Am vergangenen Freitagst im ostdeutschen
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Neue Armut16.06.2010
Eine neue Studie belegtdie Zunahme der Armut inDeutschland.
Hintergrundst die Sparpolitik Berlins
ur Steigerung derExporte.
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Panzer sen26.04.2010
Der deutsche PanzerbauerRheinmetall erhlt Mittelaus dem
Agraretat der
Guarantor of Stability (II) 2011/02/11
CAIRO/BERLIN (Own report) - Serious accusations about the use of
torture are being raised
against the Egyptian military, which for decades had been
supported by the Federal Republic
of Germany. Over the past few days, according to reports by
various human rights
organizations, soldiers have abducted hundreds - possibly even
thousands - of
demonstrators and tortured many of them. Serious accusations had
already been raised
earlier against the Mukhabarat secret service, a partner agency
to the West German Federal
Intelligence Service (BND), which had been presided over by the
Egyptian Vice President
Omar Suleiman, considered currently the most powerful individual
in Cairo. Suleiman now threatens a putsch.
Strong West German support for the Egyptian military and the
Mukhabarat was not limited to the 1950s.
Following an interruption due to a reorientation in US foreign
policy strategy, West Germany has been re-
engaged in Egypt's arms buildup and training since the late
1970s. This has to be seen in the context of
geostrategic considerations for controlling the resources of the
Middle East region, which is why this support
will be continued in spite of the current accusations of
torture.
TorturerHuman rights organizations are raising serious
accusations of torture against the Egyptian military. As Human
Rights Watch reported, soldiers and military police officers
have arbitrarily abducted at least 119 protestors
over the past few days, several of whom have been tortured.[1]
Observers estimate the total number of
victims, among them journalists, to range into the hundreds,
"possibly thousands."[2] Reports began to
surface already earlier that the Mukhabarat secret service, an
appendage of the military, had also abductedjournalists.[3]
Mukhabarat is a partner agency to the West German Federal
Intelligence Service (BND). The
long-time head of the Mukhabarat, Omar Suleiman, recently named
Vice President, and currently the most
powerful individual in Cairo, has threatened a putsch, if the
protests do not subside soon. Repression and
threats are intended to insure the predominance of the military,
which, de facto, already has control of the
government.
CooperationCooperation between Germany's Bundeswehr and BND with
the repressive organs of the Egyptian state dates
back to the 1950s, when former Nazi Wehrmacht and SS personnel
were involved in upgrading the Egyptian
military. (german-foreign-policy.com reported.[4]) This
cooperation had been successful for more than a
decade until it was interrupted in the 60s.
A New US StrategyThe German-Egyptian military and intelligence
service cooperation was interrupted in the 60s after the US
government changed the course of its Middle East policy in the
mid 1950s. In the aftermath of the Free
Officers' putsch, Washington had initially sought to solidly
bind Egypt to the western camp. Soon it became
clear that Cairo was insisting on its autonomy. The Egyptian
government refused to join the NATO-appendage,the pro-western
"Baghdad Pact", founded in 1955 and sought to obtain arms supplies
from Czechoslovakia and
the Soviet Union. Shortly before the 1956 Suez Crisis, the CIA
was developing its first plans to overthrow
Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser - plans that were
initially promoted and further pursued in the 60s by
CIA agent Frank Wisner, the father of the current US special
envoy to Egypt.[5] Following the Suez Crisis, the
USA settled on a Middle East strategy targeting Egypt and other
nations of the region seeking their autonomy
[6] - and relied on Israel, as its military deputy, for pursuing
its hegemonic plans.
Military Cooperation w ith IsraelBonn, at the time, was also
called upon for its support. In 1957 the Federal Republic of
Germany and Israel,
the USA's central partner, entered secret talks on military
cooperation - at a time, when there were no
diplomatic relations between the two countries, because they
would have been difficult to justify to Israeli
Holocaust survivors. After delivery of German tanks and
warships, providing a boost to the German armsindustry, top secret
contacts were initiated between the Mossad and the tightly CIA
bound BND, under the
leadership of the former Nazi agent Reinhard Gehlen. Military
cooperation between Bonn and Cairo no longer
fit into this new orientation of the West German - US-American
Middle East policy, even though, for a while,
Washington still viewed the cooperation with toleration, because
it kept Cairo from entering unilateral military
cooperation with the Eastern European nations. But, when a new
escalation loomed on the horizon in the
1960s, this cooperation was terminated.
Rockets and Assassination AttemptsThe rocket development
program, initiated in Egypt by former Nazi rocket specialists
following the Suez Crisis,
came to a spectacular end. The program was directly aimed at
arming Egypt against Israel,[7] but also
concurred with West German interests, since this permitted Bonn
to circumvent its prohibition and develop its
own rocket technology. West Germany was hoping to assuage Israel
with the delivery of anti-missile defense
systems. At the beginning of the 60s, pressure mounted also in
the USA to end the program. Several
assassination attempts - some successful - were carried out in
1962 and 1963 against West German rocket
specialists, who had sought to continue to fulfill their
(formally) private business contracts. The attacks were
carried out in West Germany by the Mossad with the connivance of
the BND, which provided training and false
papers. These assassinations are a prime example of the new West
German-Israeli cooperation against
insubordinate Arab nations - under the aegis of the new
US-American Middle East strategy.[8] Finally Bonn
even broke off diplomatic relations to Cairo in 1965, terminated
all economic aid and arranged for an
exchange of ambassadors with Israel.[9]
RenewalThe German government renewed its intelligence and
military cooperation only in the 1970s. Very much to the
liking of Washington and Bonn, Anwar as-Sadat, after taking
office in 1970, was intensively seeking sources of
western capital. In August 1973, the Egyptian espionage service
was again accepted as one of the BND's
partner services. This new cooperation suffered a brief setback
during the Yom Kippur War until, in the run-up
to the Camp David Accords, the BND held regular meetings on the
highest level with the Egyptian intelligence
service. The publicist Erich Schmidt-Eenboom notes that in 1978,
"the Egyptian intelligence service received
unusual strong support" from the BND, including the delivery of
German technology and the corresponding
training in radio surveillance.[10]
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8/7/2019 11.02.11 Guarantor of Stability (II) Military Options
in Egypt
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Informationen zur Deutschen Auenpolitik
[email protected]
EU. ex.klusiv
Am Rande derMllkippe16.04.2010
Ein neues Abkommenbereitet die Abschiebungweiterer Flchtlinge in
dasKosovo vor.
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Controlling ResourcesSince then, German-Egyptian cooperation has
been an element of the correlation of forces, in which Egypt,
on
the basis of the Camp David Accords, operates in close
partnership with the USA and, therefore, also Israel. It
was no coincidence that Israel was the first country mentioned,
when possible exile countries for Hosni
Mubarak were debated. The US-led cooperation is seeking, in
particular, to maintain western control over
Middle East resources and to prevent the formation of a common
Arab front against western hegemony, such
as the one sought in the 1950s by President Gamal Abdel Nasser,
who the CIA sought to overthrow. The
cooperation of the Bundeswehr, the German police and the BND
with Egypt is part of this effort. The German
Federal Office of Criminal Investigation (BKA) has one and the
German Federal Police has two liaison officers
permanently stationed in Cairo. Between 1999 and 2009 alone,
Egypt received German military supplies worth
270 million Euros. The armed forces of both countries have a
cooperation program. The German Bundeswehr
is currently training eleven officers of the Egyptian army. In
spite of the current demonstrations, this
cooperation will be continued. It serves geo-strategic
objectives, and from the German point of view, will not
be jeopardized, even by the battle for democracy taking place in
Cairo.
[1] Egypt: Investigate Arrests of Activists, Journalists;
www.hrw.org 09.02.2011
[2] Egypt's army 'involved in detentions and torture';
www.guardian.co.uk 09.02.2011[3] Im Folterknast des Muchabarat;
www.spiegel.de 06.02.2011
[4] see also Guarantor of Stability (I) [5] Tim Weiner: Legacy
of Ashes. The History of the CIA, New York 2008. On Wisner see also
Orderly Transition [6] Schriftlich fixiert wurde diese Strategie in
der Eisenhower-Doktrin vom 5. Januar 1957.[7] Dalia Abu Samra:
Deutschlands Auenpolitik gegenber gypten, Berlin 2002[8] Shlomo
Shpiro: Fr die Sicherheit Israels kooperieren wir sogar mit dem
Teufel www.berlinonline.de 08.01.2000[9], [10] Erich
Schmidt-Eenboom: Der deutsche Geheimdienst im Nahen Osten. Geheime
Hintergrnde und Fakten, Mnchen 2007
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