1010thth American History American History

U.S. Cultural History

Vocabulary for the Word WallVocabulary for the Word Wall

Culture:Culture: The word The word cultureculture, from the Latin , from the Latin colo, -erecolo, -ere, with its root , with its root

meaning "to cultivate", generally refers to patterns of meaning "to cultivate", generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activity significance.such activity significance.

"set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group, and that it encompasses, in addition to art and literature, lifestyles, ways of living together, value systems, traditions and beliefs".

A common way of understanding culture sees it as consisting of three elements:

valuesvalues - ideas about what in life seems important normsnorms - expectations of how people will behave in different

situations ArtifactsArtifacts - things, or material culture

Native Americans HistoryNative Americans History

Conflicts with Native AmericansGovernment policies- removal, treaties, siezing

of land and reservations. Indian wars and massacresGhost DanceEnd of Resistance and reservation life.

Mining, Ranching and Farming on the Great PlainsMining, Ranching and Farming on the Great Plains

Mining Communities- business, vigilante justice and boomtowns

Ranching- open range, Long Horn cattle, Sheep ranching, Cattle drives and trails, barbed wire.

Farming Homestead Act- 160 acres, 21 years old, 5 years. Oklahoma Land Rush Settlers- While, African Americans, Europeans, and

Chinese. Living on the plains- Weather, sod houses, new

machinery, and Turners Frontier Thesis.

American Workforce HistoryAmerican Workforce History

22ndnd Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution Rise of Big BusinessRise of Big Business

Entrepreneurs, capitalism, laissez-faire, Social DarwinismEntrepreneurs, capitalism, laissez-faire, Social Darwinism Corporations, Trusts and MonopoliesCorporations, Trusts and Monopolies Tycoons- Rockefeller, Carnegie, Vanderbilt and Pullman for Tycoons- Rockefeller, Carnegie, Vanderbilt and Pullman for

example. Captains of Industry or Robber Barons.example. Captains of Industry or Robber Barons. Mass marketing Mass marketing

Workers organizeWorkers organize Sherman Anti-Trust ActSherman Anti-Trust Act Knights of Labor – 1Knights of Labor – 1stst Unions Unions Strikes and violence- Railroad, Haymarket, Homestead, Strikes and violence- Railroad, Haymarket, Homestead,

Pullman, etc.Pullman, etc. AFLAFL

Immigration History 1800-1910Immigration History 1800-1910

New ImmigrantsNew Immigrants Old Immigrants- 1800-1880- Northern and Old Immigrants- 1800-1880- Northern and

Western EuropeWestern Europe New Immigrants- 1880-1910- Southern and New Immigrants- 1880-1910- Southern and

Eastern Europe as well as Japanese and Chinese.Eastern Europe as well as Japanese and Chinese. Why did they come?- Economic, Political and Why did they come?- Economic, Political and

Religious.Religious. Ellis Island and Angel Island.Ellis Island and Angel Island. Prejudice against immigrantsPrejudice against immigrants

Urban American LifeUrban American Life

Different Classes- Different Classes- Wealthy, middle class Wealthy, middle class and working class.and working class.

Tenements and Settlement HousesTenements and Settlement Houses

Political Scandal and ReformPolitical Scandal and Reform

City Government- Scandal and ReformCity Government- Scandal and Reform Political Machines and Machine BossesPolitical Machines and Machine Bosses Tammany Hall in New York- Boss TweedTammany Hall in New York- Boss Tweed Credit Mobilier Scandal and President GrantCredit Mobilier Scandal and President Grant President Arthur and Civil Service ReformPresident Arthur and Civil Service Reform

Farmer’s Reform MovementFarmer’s Reform Movement

Late 1800’s crop prices falling, farm debt rising, Late 1800’s crop prices falling, farm debt rising, costs rising; a need for farmers to organize.costs rising; a need for farmers to organize.

Order of the Patron’s of Husbandry- National Order of the Patron’s of Husbandry- National GrangeGrange

1887- Interstate Commerce Act.1887- Interstate Commerce Act. Populist Party- coalition of farmers, labor Populist Party- coalition of farmers, labor

leaders and reformers.leaders and reformers. Silver v. Gold issueSilver v. Gold issue

Segregation and DiscriminationSegregation and Discrimination

Jim Crow Laws and LynchingJim Crow Laws and LynchingPlessy v. FergusonPlessy v. Ferguson (1896) = separate but (1896) = separate but

equal.equal.Booker T. WashingtonBooker T. WashingtonW.E.B. Du Bois and the N.A.A.C.P.W.E.B. Du Bois and the N.A.A.C.P.Other groups who face discrimination- Other groups who face discrimination-

11) Hispanic Americans) Hispanic Americans 2) Asian Americans2) Asian Americans 3) Native Americans3) Native Americans

ProgressivismProgressivism Reforming SocietyReforming Society

Progressives- reform movementProgressives- reform movement MuckrakersMuckrakers Housing reformsHousing reforms Civil rightsCivil rights WorkplaceWorkplace

National Child LaborNational Child Labor Limiting women’s workdayLimiting women’s workday Minimum Wage laws.Minimum Wage laws. Courts and Labor Laws- Courts and Labor Laws-

1905 - “Lochner v. New York”- supreme court did not allow 10 hour workday for bakers1905 - “Lochner v. New York”- supreme court did not allow 10 hour workday for bakers 1908 - “Muller v. Oregon”- Supreme Court upheld law guaranting 10 hour workday for women.1908 - “Muller v. Oregon”- Supreme Court upheld law guaranting 10 hour workday for women. ““Bunting v. Oregon”- 10 hour workday for men in mills and factories.Bunting v. Oregon”- 10 hour workday for men in mills and factories.

The Triangle Shirtwaist fireThe Triangle Shirtwaist fire Unions- Industrial Workers of the World- unskilledUnions- Industrial Workers of the World- unskilled

Reforming GovernmentReforming Government City government- Commision system, Council-Manager system.City government- Commision system, Council-Manager system. State Government- Electoral reforms, commissions on railroads, utilities, transportation, State Government- Electoral reforms, commissions on railroads, utilities, transportation,

civil service and taxationcivil service and taxation 1717thth Amendment- direct election of Senators. Amendment- direct election of Senators. Initiative, Referendom and \Recall.Initiative, Referendom and \Recall.

Opportunities for WomenOpportunities for Women

EducationEducation Employment Employment Children’s Health and WelfareChildren’s Health and Welfare ProhibitionProhibition

WCTU- Women’s Christian Temperance Union.WCTU- Women’s Christian Temperance Union. Carrie NationCarrie Nation 1818thth Amendment Amendment

1818thth Amendment- Prohibition Amendment- Prohibition Civil Rights- campaigning against poverty, segregation, Civil Rights- campaigning against poverty, segregation,

lynchings and Jim Crowe Lawslynchings and Jim Crowe Laws Women’s Suffrage and Anti-Suffrage argumentsWomen’s Suffrage and Anti-Suffrage arguments

Reform- Late 1800’s and early 1900’sReform- Late 1800’s and early 1900’s

Children’s health and welfareChildren’s health and welfare ProhibitionProhibition Civil Rights and black womenCivil Rights and black women Women’s SuffrageWomen’s Suffrage Trust Busting and regulating big businessTrust Busting and regulating big business Consumer ProtectionConsumer Protection Environmental conservationEnvironmental conservation 1919thth Amendment- 1920 Amendment- 1920 Civil Rights under Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson- Civil Rights under Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson-

Brownsville Incident.Brownsville Incident.

ImperialismImperialism

Cultural superiority over the under-developed (backward) nations.

Social Darwinism- brother’s keeper, social responsibility to “civilize” the less developed.

Desire to bring Christianity, western style culture and democracy to other (backward) peoples.

T.R. Roosevelt’s Square DealT.R. Roosevelt’s Square Deal

Coal Strike of 1902 and TR threatens to send in Coal Strike of 1902 and TR threatens to send in the troopsthe troops

Each person to get a square deal no more, no Each person to get a square deal no more, no less.less.

Limiting power of trusts, promote public health Limiting power of trusts, promote public health and safety and improve working conditions.and safety and improve working conditions.

Trust Busting and Regulating the Railroads.Trust Busting and Regulating the Railroads. Protecting Consumers- Muckrakers, Meat Protecting Consumers- Muckrakers, Meat

Inspection Act, and Pure Food and Drug Act.Inspection Act, and Pure Food and Drug Act. Environmental ConservationEnvironmental Conservation

Presidents’ Taft and WilsonPresidents’ Taft and Wilson

William H. TaftWilliam H. Taft Created Dept. of LaborCreated Dept. of Labor 1616thth Amendment- Income Tax Amendment- Income Tax

Wilson- New FreedomWilson- New Freedom Tariff, Banking, and Anti-Trust ReformTariff, Banking, and Anti-Trust Reform Women Gain the right to vote- 19Women Gain the right to vote- 19thth Amendment Amendment

ImperialismImperialism

Hawaii Sugar interests- Sanford B. Dole Bayonet constitution King Kalakaua and Queen Liliuokalani Annexation

Spanish-American War Yellow Journalism Jingoism Philippines, annexation and rebellion Roosevelt and Rough Riders

Anti-Imperialists Spanish-American War

Homefront in World War IHomefront in World War I

Mobilizing the EconomyMobilizing the Economy Regulating IndustryRegulating Industry Regulating FoodRegulating Food Regulating FuelRegulating Fuel Supplying the troopsSupplying the troops

Mobilizing WorkersMobilizing Workers National War Labor BoardNational War Labor Board Women’s war effortsWomen’s war efforts African American movement and employmentAfrican American movement and employment Influenza Epidemic (Pandemic)Influenza Epidemic (Pandemic) Winning American supportWinning American support

Committee on Public InformationCommittee on Public Information PropagandaPropaganda Anti-German Feeling and American PatriotismAnti-German Feeling and American Patriotism Limiting Antiwar SpeechLimiting Antiwar Speech Schenck v. United States (1919)- Supreme court limits freedom of speech.Schenck v. United States (1919)- Supreme court limits freedom of speech.

Post War HavocPost War Havoc

1918-1919 Pandemic- world wide 1918-1919 Pandemic- world wide influenza epidemic- killed 10 times more influenza epidemic- killed 10 times more Americans than did WWI.Americans than did WWI.

11stst Red Scare- rise of Bolsheviks, Red Scare- rise of Bolsheviks, communism, fear, bombs, Palmer raids communism, fear, bombs, Palmer raids and deportation.and deportation.

Labor Problems- Workers unhappy after Labor Problems- Workers unhappy after WWI, Unions lost members and political WWI, Unions lost members and political power, and there were major strikes.power, and there were major strikes.

Limiting ImmigrationLimiting Immigration

Competition for jobs after WWI, and the Red Competition for jobs after WWI, and the Red scare caused anti-immigration feelings.scare caused anti-immigration feelings.

Nativists- mostly Protestant Christians and Nativists- mostly Protestant Christians and Labor leaders targeted new immigrants and Labor leaders targeted new immigrants and asked for immigration restrictions.asked for immigration restrictions.

Immigration control- National Origins Act, Immigration control- National Origins Act, Nativism, KKK revival (native white Nativism, KKK revival (native white supremacy)supremacy)

Sacco and Vanzetti- Italian immigrants, Sacco and Vanzetti- Italian immigrants, anarchists, tried for murder or political ideas?anarchists, tried for murder or political ideas?

New Economic Era- 1920’sNew Economic Era- 1920’s

Henry Ford- revolutionizes industryHenry Ford- revolutionizes industry Assembly lineAssembly line Effect on IndustryEffect on Industry

competition helped the automobile industry grow. competition helped the automobile industry grow. Other industries learned- assembly line, productivity went up.Other industries learned- assembly line, productivity went up. Welfare Capitalism- companies provide benefits to employees Welfare Capitalism- companies provide benefits to employees

to promote worker satisfaction and loyalty.to promote worker satisfaction and loyalty.

Effect on SocietyEffect on Society Demand is up for all types of products.Demand is up for all types of products. Boom in midwestern citiesBoom in midwestern cities Cities grew and so did suburbs- transportationCities grew and so did suburbs- transportation Tourist industry grew.Tourist industry grew.

New Economic Era- 1920’sNew Economic Era- 1920’s

New Consumer- New Consumer- New Products for the homeNew Products for the home ElectricityElectricity Radio connected the worldRadio connected the world Public transportation, and passenger airlines.Public transportation, and passenger airlines. Advertising created a demanAdvertising created a deman New ways of paying- credit and installment buying.New ways of paying- credit and installment buying.

Weakness of EconomyWeakness of Economy Many American suffered during the 20’sMany American suffered during the 20’s Farmers- demand was low, competition from Europe high, farm Farmers- demand was low, competition from Europe high, farm

failures, debt, tariff, and nature- weather and insects.failures, debt, tariff, and nature- weather and insects. The Nation desires to return to NormalcyThe Nation desires to return to Normalcy

American Life Changes- 1920’sAmerican Life Changes- 1920’s

New Roles for WomenNew Roles for Women Opportunities New Family Roles The Flapper

Effects of UrbanizationEffects of Urbanization Conflicts over ValuesConflicts over Values

Fundamentalism Scopes Trial- Teaching of Evolution and Creation Science- Bryan and

Darrow Prohibition- 18th Amendment

Organized crime- like Al Capone Bootleggers Speakeasies

Harlem RenaissanceHarlem Renaissance African Americans during and after WWI W.E.B. Du Bois and Marcus Garvey Renaissance of art in Harlem- writer, poets, artists, musicians and

performers..

A New Popular Culture is born- 1920’sA New Popular Culture is born- 1920’s

Mass EntertainmentMass Entertainment RadioRadio MoviesMovies

Era of HeroesEra of Heroes Film Stars- Charlie Chaplin, Rudolph Valentino, Clara Film Stars- Charlie Chaplin, Rudolph Valentino, Clara

Bow, Mary Pickford, and Douglas Fairbanks.Bow, Mary Pickford, and Douglas Fairbanks. Charles A. Lindbergh- transatlantic flight.Charles A. Lindbergh- transatlantic flight. Amelia Earhart- 1Amelia Earhart- 1stst women across the Atlantic, was lost women across the Atlantic, was lost

trying to fly around the world.trying to fly around the world. Sports Heroes- Ruth, Grange, Wills, Jones, etc.Sports Heroes- Ruth, Grange, Wills, Jones, etc.

Arts of the 1920’s- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Arts of the 1920’s- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Lewis, Edna St. Vincent Millay, Hemmingway, Lewis, Edna St. Vincent Millay, Hemmingway, George Gershwin (music)George Gershwin (music)

The Great Depression- 1930’sThe Great Depression- 1930’s

Farm FailuresFarm FailuresUnemploymentUnemploymentHoovervilles and HoboesHoovervilles and HoboesDust Bowl and plight of the farmers- Dust Bowl and plight of the farmers-

Okies and other migrants.Okies and other migrants.CooperativesCooperativesBonus Army and march on WashingtonBonus Army and march on Washington

FDR and the New DealFDR and the New Deal

Fireside Chats and Eleanor RooseveltFireside Chats and Eleanor Roosevelt The First Hundred Days- relief, recovery and The First Hundred Days- relief, recovery and

reformreform Alphabet Soup legislationAlphabet Soup legislation Critics of New Deal- Sen. Huey P. Long, Father Critics of New Deal- Sen. Huey P. Long, Father

Charles Coughlin, Dr. Francis Townsend and Charles Coughlin, Dr. Francis Townsend and the American Liberty League- conservatives the American Liberty League- conservatives who felt the New Deal was too expensive and who felt the New Deal was too expensive and went too far.went too far.

The Supreme Court also opposed some of the The Supreme Court also opposed some of the New Deal- AAA, NRA were unconstitutional.New Deal- AAA, NRA were unconstitutional.

FDR and the Second New DealFDR and the Second New Deal

Second 100 Days- Congress passed laws Second 100 Days- Congress passed laws extending on banking, taxes, relief extending on banking, taxes, relief programs.programs.

Emergency Relief- WPAEmergency Relief- WPASocial SecuritySocial SecurityReviving Organized Labor- AFL and CIO Reviving Organized Labor- AFL and CIO

and sit down strikes.and sit down strikes.Rural ElectricityRural Electricity

Life During the New DealLife During the New Deal

New Roles for Women- Sec. of Labor and other Administration New Roles for Women- Sec. of Labor and other Administration roles. Women still discriminated.roles. Women still discriminated.

African Americans in the New Deal- “Black Cabinet”.African Americans in the New Deal- “Black Cabinet”. Dorothea Lange and others- writeres and photographers telling the Dorothea Lange and others- writeres and photographers telling the

story of the depression.story of the depression. Movies of the 1930’s ($.25)- grand musicals, comedy, Walt Disney, Movies of the 1930’s ($.25)- grand musicals, comedy, Walt Disney,

King Kong, Wizard of Oz and Gone with the Wind.King Kong, Wizard of Oz and Gone with the Wind. Radio of the 1930’s- Music, sports, religion and other forms of Radio of the 1930’s- Music, sports, religion and other forms of

entertainment.- Lone Ranger, Fibber McGee and Molly, War of the entertainment.- Lone Ranger, Fibber McGee and Molly, War of the Worlds, and Swing music. Babe Ruth, Joe DiMaggio, Lou Gehrig, Worlds, and Swing music. Babe Ruth, Joe DiMaggio, Lou Gehrig, Babe Didrikson Zaharias, and Joe Louis.Babe Didrikson Zaharias, and Joe Louis.

Impacts of the New DealImpacts of the New Deal Relief, Recovery and ReformRelief, Recovery and Reform Bigger government and more programs and agencies- shift from laissez-Bigger government and more programs and agencies- shift from laissez-

faire.faire. Fair Labor Standards Act 1938- $.25 minimum wage, 44 hour workweek, Fair Labor Standards Act 1938- $.25 minimum wage, 44 hour workweek,

and time and ½, and age 14 to work outside schooland time and ½, and age 14 to work outside school

Mobilizing for World War IIMobilizing for World War II

Finding Soldiers- DraftFinding Soldiers- Draft Women and the Armed forces- WAVES, WACS, Women and the Armed forces- WAVES, WACS,

WASPS, WAAC, SPARS.WASPS, WAAC, SPARS. Women in industry 6.5 million workers- “Rosie Women in industry 6.5 million workers- “Rosie

the Riveter” doing a man’s job.the Riveter” doing a man’s job. Labor- National War Labor BoardLabor- National War Labor Board African American’s in the military and the African American’s in the military and the

workforce.workforce. Hispanic Americans- Bracero Program- Hispanic Americans- Bracero Program-

temporary work visa in U.S.temporary work visa in U.S.

The Homefront during World War IIThe Homefront during World War II

Conserving Food and other goodsConserving Food and other goods Rationing- Office of Price AdministrationRationing- Office of Price Administration Victory GardenVictory Garden Scrap drives and limits on manuScrap drives and limits on manu War Production Board- get products and supplies to the military- War Production Board- get products and supplies to the military-

Scrap drives and limits on manufacturersScrap drives and limits on manufacturers Buying War bonds and stamps- $185 billion.Buying War bonds and stamps- $185 billion. Increasing Income tax rates and revenues went up.Increasing Income tax rates and revenues went up. Winning support for the warWinning support for the war

Office of War Information- propagandaOffice of War Information- propaganda Hollywood- movies and entertainmentHollywood- movies and entertainment Barnette ruling- American’s can’t be forced to salute the flag.Barnette ruling- American’s can’t be forced to salute the flag.

Japanese Internment- Executive Order 9066Japanese Internment- Executive Order 9066

Life in America after World War IILife in America after World War II

12 million men and women return to 12 million men and women return to civilian life.civilian life.

1944- Servicemen’s Readjustment Act- 1944- Servicemen’s Readjustment Act- “G.I. Bill”- College, loans, jobs, etc.“G.I. Bill”- College, loans, jobs, etc.

Labor Unions- want increased wages, Labor Unions- want increased wages, Strikes went up. Taft-Hartly Act.Strikes went up. Taft-Hartly Act.

Racial Minorities- Truman wanted to Racial Minorities- Truman wanted to expand their opportunities.expand their opportunities.

The Second Red ScareThe Second Red Scare

Fear of Communism- Soviet Atomic Fear of Communism- Soviet Atomic weapons, and Communist Chinaweapons, and Communist China

H.U.A.C- Hollywood 10 and Alger HissH.U.A.C- Hollywood 10 and Alger HissTruman’s Loyalty ChecksTruman’s Loyalty Checks

Smith ActSmith Act McCarran ActMcCarran Act Spy Cases- Hiss, Fuchs, and the RosenbergsSpy Cases- Hiss, Fuchs, and the Rosenbergs

Senator Joseph McCarthySenator Joseph McCarthy

The Cold WarThe Cold War

EisenhowerEisenhower End Korea and finish the peace talks.End Korea and finish the peace talks. Dulles and Dulles and BrinksmanshipBrinksmanship- threats strong - threats strong

enough to bring about results.enough to bring about results. Dulles and Dulles and Massive Retaliation-Massive Retaliation- pledge to use pledge to use

overwhelming force to settle a serious conflict.overwhelming force to settle a serious conflict. American Civil DefenseAmerican Civil Defense

Bomb shelters and Nuclear falloutBomb shelters and Nuclear fallout FCDA- Civil Defense, duck and cover, air raid sirens, FCDA- Civil Defense, duck and cover, air raid sirens,

and tests.and tests.

The Television AgeThe Television Age

Television changes American LifeTelevision changes American Life TV and politicsTV and politics Television advertisingTelevision advertising ProgrammingProgramming ConcernsConcerns

Technological developments of 50’s- transistors, Technological developments of 50’s- transistors, computers, and vaccines.computers, and vaccines.

Cultural Change in 50’sCultural Change in 50’s Boomtimes- Baby boomers, new machines for homes, automobiles, Boomtimes- Baby boomers, new machines for homes, automobiles,

and “affluent society”.and “affluent society”. New Communities- Levitowns’ and SunbeltNew Communities- Levitowns’ and Sunbelt New Highways- Interstate Highway system- America on the move.New Highways- Interstate Highway system- America on the move. Rebellion in the movies- James Dean, Marlon Brando and Elvis.Rebellion in the movies- James Dean, Marlon Brando and Elvis.

Great Society - LBJGreat Society - LBJ

War on PovertyWar on PovertyVISTAVISTAJob CorpsJob CorpsReducing TaxesReducing TaxesMedicare and MedicaidMedicare and MedicaidHighway Beautification ActHighway Beautification ActSupreme Court Decisions and criminal Supreme Court Decisions and criminal

rights. (Miranda Rights)rights. (Miranda Rights)

The Civil Rights MovementThe Civil Rights Movement

Prior to 1954Prior to 1954 Plessy v. FergusonPlessy v. Ferguson NAACPNAACP Depression- blacks last hired and first fired.Depression- blacks last hired and first fired. 1940’s- no discrimination in defense plants, 1940’s- no discrimination in defense plants,

CORE founded, desgregation of Armed CORE founded, desgregation of Armed forces and Jackie Robinson.forces and Jackie Robinson.

Several court cases and some sucessesSeveral court cases and some sucesses

The Civil Rights MovementThe Civil Rights Movement

After 1954After 1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KansasBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas Little Rock 9Little Rock 9 Montgomery Bus Boycott and Rosa Parks.Montgomery Bus Boycott and Rosa Parks. Martin Luther King Jr., SCLC and non-violence.Martin Luther King Jr., SCLC and non-violence. Sit-ins and Freedom Rides and SNCCSit-ins and Freedom Rides and SNCC Federal InterventionFederal Intervention Integrating Higher Education- James Meredith and University of Mississippi; Integrating Higher Education- James Meredith and University of Mississippi;

Governor Wallace blocking students at the University of Alabama.Governor Wallace blocking students at the University of Alabama. Albany and BirminghamAlbany and Birmingham Civil Rights Act of 1964Civil Rights Act of 1964 March on Washington Aug. 28, 1963- King’s “I have dream” speechMarch on Washington Aug. 28, 1963- King’s “I have dream” speech Assasination of Medgar Evers- Mississippi NAACPAssasination of Medgar Evers- Mississippi NAACP Voting rights- Registering voters, 24Voting rights- Registering voters, 24thth Amendment, Freedom Summer, three civil Amendment, Freedom Summer, three civil

rights workers killed in Mississippi. March from Selma to Montgomery. Voting rights workers killed in Mississippi. March from Selma to Montgomery. Voting Rights Act of 1965Rights Act of 1965

Black Power, Black Panthers, Black Muslims and Malcolm X, Assassination of Black Power, Black Panthers, Black Muslims and Malcolm X, Assassination of Martin Luther KingMartin Luther King

Civil Rights Act of 1968Civil Rights Act of 1968

The Anti-War MovementThe Anti-War Movement

The DraftThe Draft The Media’s ImpactThe Media’s Impact Hawks and DovesHawks and Doves Movement- students, civil rights workers, doctors, homemakers, Movement- students, civil rights workers, doctors, homemakers,

retirees and teachers. College campuses- anti-war rallies and retirees and teachers. College campuses- anti-war rallies and debates. A small number at first.debates. A small number at first.

SDS- Students for a Democratic SocietySDS- Students for a Democratic Society Protest- Signs, demonstrations, burned draft cards and American Protest- Signs, demonstrations, burned draft cards and American

Flags.Flags. Democratic national convention of 1968- violence and the Democratic national convention of 1968- violence and the

assassination of RFK.assassination of RFK. Campus protests- violence, ROTC, Kent State, college shutdowns.Campus protests- violence, ROTC, Kent State, college shutdowns. 1969 Washington protest; 1971 Vietnam Veterans Against the War 1969 Washington protest; 1971 Vietnam Veterans Against the War

in Washington.in Washington. WeathermenWeathermen My Lai MassacreMy Lai Massacre Pentagon Papers.Pentagon Papers.

1963-1975- Time of Social Change1963-1975- Time of Social Change

Revival of the women’s movement- Revival of the women’s movement- experiences at work, home, experiences at work, home, Betty Freidan and Betty Freidan and The Feminine Mystique-The Feminine Mystique-

raising consciousness.raising consciousness. NOW and FeminismNOW and Feminism ERA and Phyllis SchlaflyERA and Phyllis Schlafly Roe-v. WadeRoe-v. Wade

1963-1975- Time of Social Change1963-1975- Time of Social Change

Native Americans- Native Americans- Living conditionsLiving conditions TerminationTermination Indian MovementIndian Movement

Occupying AlcatrazOccupying Alcatraz AIM- Occupying Bureau of Indian Affairs and AIM- Occupying Bureau of Indian Affairs and

Wounded Knee.Wounded Knee. Red Power- control over their own natural Red Power- control over their own natural

resources, education, protect their rights and resources, education, protect their rights and improve their standards of living. improve their standards of living.

1963-1975- Time of Social Change1963-1975- Time of Social Change

Latinos fight for rightsLatinos fight for rights Poverty, unemployment, low paying unskilled jobs.Poverty, unemployment, low paying unskilled jobs. Struggle for Social justiceStruggle for Social justice Cesar Chavez and the National Farm Workers Association- Cesar Chavez and the National Farm Workers Association-

Grape BoycottGrape Boycott Chicanos- Mexican AmericansChicanos- Mexican Americans AlianzaAlianza Crusade for JusticeCrusade for Justice MAYOMAYO La Raza Unida Party- united peopleLa Raza Unida Party- united people Brown BeretsBrown Berets Boricua Movement- ethnic pride for Puerto RicansBoricua Movement- ethnic pride for Puerto Ricans Cuban AmericansCuban Americans

Culture and CountercultureCulture and Counterculture

1960’s Counterculture, hippies, turning on the 1960’s Counterculture, hippies, turning on the “establishment”.“establishment”.

Student Activism- college campuses, free speech Student Activism- college campuses, free speech movement.movement.

Life in the counterculture- live simple and do your own Life in the counterculture- live simple and do your own thing.thing. Haight-Ashbury in San FranciscoHaight-Ashbury in San Francisco Rural Communes to “drop out”Rural Communes to “drop out” Hippie culture- religion, drugs, freedom, clothing, hair, and “flower Hippie culture- religion, drugs, freedom, clothing, hair, and “flower

children”.children”. Summer of Love- 1967 in San Francisco.Summer of Love- 1967 in San Francisco. Decline- no means of support, lack of rules cause conflicts, and Decline- no means of support, lack of rules cause conflicts, and

attracted sinister characters (Charles Manson)attracted sinister characters (Charles Manson) Mainstream reaction- objected to disrespectful, uncivilized, Mainstream reaction- objected to disrespectful, uncivilized,

and threatening. Society unraveling- “All in the Family”.and threatening. Society unraveling- “All in the Family”. Legacy- Attitudes, Art (Pop Art), Film, and music (Bob Dylan Legacy- Attitudes, Art (Pop Art), Film, and music (Bob Dylan

and Woodstock)and Woodstock)

1980’s America in low spirits1980’s America in low spirits

Lack of confidence in governmentLack of confidence in government WatergateWatergate Soviet Invasion of AfghanstanSoviet Invasion of Afghanstan Iran Hostage CrisisIran Hostage Crisis Energy crisis and long gas lines.Energy crisis and long gas lines.

A growing conservative movement opposed to A growing conservative movement opposed to liberal social and racial policies, abortion rights, liberal social and racial policies, abortion rights, forced busing, welfare and affirmative action.forced busing, welfare and affirmative action.

The New Right- under President Reagan.The New Right- under President Reagan. Wanted to reverse some liberal policies- they Wanted to reverse some liberal policies- they

endorsed school prayer, lower taxes, deregulation, endorsed school prayer, lower taxes, deregulation, small gov’t, strong military and teaching of the Bible.small gov’t, strong military and teaching of the Bible.

Changes and Challenges in American SocietyChanges and Challenges in American Society

Milestones for WomenMilestones for Women More women voting in 1980’s- mostly democraticMore women voting in 1980’s- mostly democratic Sandra Day O’Connor- 1Sandra Day O’Connor- 1stst woman supreme court justice. woman supreme court justice. Geraldine Ferraro- 1Geraldine Ferraro- 1stst woman Vice-President candidate. woman Vice-President candidate.

Changes in Immigration Laws- Changes in Immigration Laws- increased limits increased limits and legal status. Tough on Employers.and legal status. Tough on Employers.

Courts and Social Issues- Courts and Social Issues- School searches, equal School searches, equal access on school grounds to student religious access on school grounds to student religious groups, abortion rights and removal of life support.groups, abortion rights and removal of life support.

AIDS- (HIV)AIDS- (HIV) No Child Left Behind- 2001No Child Left Behind- 2001 Sept. 11, 2001 and Homeland SecuritySept. 11, 2001 and Homeland Security

America’s Changing Face- 2000- TodayAmerica’s Changing Face- 2000- Today

Population of tomorrowPopulation of tomorrow Regional Changes- South and western growth.Regional Changes- South and western growth. Graying Population- Baby Boomers 2946-1964Graying Population- Baby Boomers 2946-1964 TechnologyTechnology

Computers and InternetComputers and Internet Agriculture and genetic engineeringAgriculture and genetic engineering Exploration- spaceExploration- space

Health and Health CareHealth and Health Care Energy and the EnvironmentEnergy and the Environment Natural Disasters and FEMANatural Disasters and FEMA