1 UN-HABITAT Somalia 17 th November 2006 Shelter solutions for displaced communities in Somalia Pilot Bosasso - Puntland ‘shelter cluster’ UNHCR UN-HABITAT

1

UN-HABITAT Somalia 17th November 2006

Shelter solutions for displaced communities in Somalia

Pilot Bosasso - Puntland

‘shelter cluster’ UNHCR UN-HABITAT – UNICEF – DRC – NRC

2

SOMALI URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

•Urban governance–Legal and Institutional Reform–Municipal Governance–Civil Society–Donor-Coordination

•Urban management–Land Management–Financial Management–Basic Services and Urban Infrastructure–Local Economic Development–Urban Planning Support

•Strategic projects

3

situation displaced somali communities• 400.000• mostly urban centers• multiple dense temporary settlements• post-conflict > (chronic) emergencies +

complex pattern of displacement


4

RESPONSE TILL 2004landgrabbing + lack of planning unsustainable

space for (re)settlement of displaced communities

+ ‘re-active’ unadapted response to emergencies


5

Joint UN-INGO Strategy for Displacedrights –based approach

FOUR TRACK STRATEGY1. Plan large-scale resettlement as part of integrated

development plans

2. Stimulate spontaneous small scale resettlement through support mechanisms

3. Create pull factor to resettle displaced to coastal and rural areas

4. Improve living conditions in the present locations

SHELTER AS CORNERSTONE100 shelters < settlement with 100 new shelters

Road Map / IDP Working Group > cluster approach


‘Shelter cluster’ - Somalialinking up emergency, transitional and durable solutions

UNHCR – UNHABITAT – UNICEF – DRC – NRC – ISLAMIC RELIEF

Objective 1: meet immediate shelter needs in case of disaster

Objective 2: develop transitional shelter solutions for the long term displaced in the current temporary locations

Objective 3: find durable living space solutions and secure land tenure in current urban centers and in original places of abode

Objective 4: provide normative framework for shelter interventions (CAP 2007)


‘Shelter cluster’ - Bosassokey components of response plan

UNHCR – UNHABITAT – DRC – NRC

Activity 1: emergency operations after fires

Activity 2: upgrading temporary settlements

Activity 3: planning comprehensive resettlement and durable shelter solutions


‘Shelter cluster’ Bosasso: response plan

key problems

overcrowdedinaccessible unservicedeviction risks

inflammable materials weak structures


link with

WASH

cluster

link with

PROTECTION

cluster

fire planrevision of shelter kitplanning settlements

building back better


emergency


• trainings on fire prevention and response

• joint assessment + identification of beneficiaries

• re-planning of the settlement – firebreaks

• fire kit donation package• construction of shelter and

latrines• tripartite agreements• operational procedures

involving authorities/LNGOs

link with

PROTECTION

cluster


Fire plan: prevention / response / opportunities



upgrading temporary settlements: firebreaks/access/latrines/communal areas

link with

WASH

cluster



emergency/transitional shelter kit

donor contribution:• mobile/reusable metal

structure• white canvas• mats

community contribution:• adding sticks to complete

structure• inside finishing

ca.175 USD per shelter



transitional shelter durable shelter phase 1: contractor

ca.175 USD per shelter


Access Roads + Plot foundations + Wall around the block + Twin septic tank + Wet core + Slab for one room


1


transitional shelter durable shelter phase 1: contractor

2


transitional shelter durable shelter end phase 1: beneficiaries move in

3


transitional shelter durable shelter phase 2: self-help + skills training


transitional shelter durable shelter phase 2: self-help + skills training

4

5


durable shelter phase 2: self help

6



7



8



‘Shelter cluster’ - Bosassoresettlement of displaced locally

access to land (tenure)link with urban growth

concepts

Key criteria for ‘sustainable’ space for resettlement of displaced communities

LANDSHARING BOSSASO EAST

MIXED USE BOSSASO EAST

25

MORE EFFICIENT USE OF LAND# PLOTS = 177

M 400 m2

ROADS = 49%

PUBLIC SPACE = 0%

# PLOTS = 264 (+ 50%)L 500 m2 = 15%M 300 m2 = 55%S 150 m2 = 30%

ROADS = 25%

PUBLIC SPACE = 5%


26

MAKING LAND AVAILABLE120 football/soccer fields

DONATIONS10m x 10m, 100m x 100m, 400m x 400m < …

11 soccer fields (330 families -1650 persons)

LANDSHARING

28

SOME KEY RESULTS OF ‘CLUSTER’-APPROACH ‘one UN/INGO voice’ as political leverage streamlining of shelter approaches + complementarity continuity between emergency and durable solutions need for overall strategy/framework linkages between

clusters minimum to optimum service provision (shared with host

community)

TRACK 1: upgrading temporary settlements negotiated agreements: incl. eviction protection importance of rights-based approach - community

• some displaced put pressure on owner and/or move• self-initiative: buying land by displaced

municipal by-laws: determining minimum standards

TRACK 2: resettlement and durable shelter landsharing as mechanism to provide ‘sustainable’ space incremental shelter and incremental tenure


29


thank you

30


31

KEY MILESTONES: BOSASSO ROAD MAP

December 2004: Agreement to assess viability of land allocated for IDPs at the ‘Checkpoint’ site upon request of Dennis McNamara (IDD – Geneva);

June 2005: Final Report “Survey - Status of Vulnerable Groups in Bosasso”, UNDP + Final Report “Resettlement Options for IDPs Puntland (Bosasso – Garowe – Galkaio)”, UN-HABITAT

June 2005: First (S)elected Local Council in Bosasso

July 2005: Draft “Joint UN Strategy for IDPs Somalia”, IDP Protection Working Group

September 2005: “First Road Map for Urban Poor/IDPs/Returnees Bosasso”

December 2005: Final agreement reached with local stakeholders on Bosasso Road Map

February 2006: Agreement on Operational Road Map Phase 1 with committed contributions from the different participating agencies

July 2006: Set-up Cluster Approach and rolling out cluster workplans

November 2006: Start implementation urban plan and launch first resettlements

Bosasso IDP Road Map 17th November 2006

Documents

1 UN-HABITAT Somalia 17 th November 2006 Shelter solutions for displaced communities in Somalia Pilot Bosasso - Puntland ‘shelter cluster’ UNHCR UN-HABITAT