1 School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK

1 School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK2 School of Life Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK3 Singapore Meteorological Service, Changi Airport, Singapore 9181414 101 Media Ltd, Keswick Hall, NR4 6TJ, Norwich, UKAcknowledgements: Geotechnical Engineering Office, Hong Kong Civil Engineering Office, Hong Kong Prof. Muneki Mitamura, Osaka Carolyn Sharp, University of East AngliaHolocene Marine Deposits: modelling self-weight consolidation

N.Keith Tovey1 , Mike Paul2, Yap Chui-Wah3, and Simon Tovey 4

1. Background to self-weight consolidation issues2. Site Locations3. Equilibrium Self-Weight Compaction4. Existence of Omega Point?5. True Sedimentation Rates6. Modelling pore-pressure dissipation7. ConclusionsHolocene Marine Deposits: modelling self-weight consolidation

What effect does self-weight consolidation (auto-compaction) have on our understanding of Marine Sequences?What processes are involved?What are the magnitudes of such effects?How easy is it to correct for these effects?

The Problem

Why are such studies of relevance?Interpretation of sequences is often done on a linear length basis.i.e. two points in a sequence may be dated and a sedimentation rate estimated from dates and distances between the two points.This does not allow for self-weight consolidation - strictly it should be done using a linear mass interpolation - rarely is this the case.This is of particular importance in unravelling Holocene sequences where the apparent deposition rate is of the order of 0.5 - 5 mm per year.It is of significance in dating studies and also estimation of palaeo-water depths in tidal modelling etc.

Bothkennar Site, Scotland

Simplified Sequence of DepositionDuring last inter-glacial deposition of unit M2When sea level fell, surface layer was exposed to desiccation, oxidation, pedogenesis, etc.In the Holocene, the sea probably covered the area around 6000 - 8000 years ago deposition of unit M1M1T1M2~10m

From core record, several different sequences have been identifiedPresent work models Holocene sequence Classification after Yim

Consolidation in Marine SedimentsTwo pore pressures to consider

Assumes sand body is continuous and daylights to sea bed -i.e. two-way drainage.Hydrostatic pressure changes from sea level changes are insignificant with regard to sediment compression. Excess pore pressures are of critical importance.Single drainage - implies sand body is discontinuous and does not daylight

Decompaction of DepositsDuring deposition, successive layers will cause under-lying layers to compressDividing the total thickness by the time interval will lead to an under-estimation of true deposition rates.

Decompaction of DepositsIf the Void Ratio is known, then the saturated bulk unit weight (i) in the ith layer is given by:-

However, ei depends on v(i)where Gs is Specific gravityThe stress i at the mid point of the ith layer is given by:-

Decompaction of DepositsFirst assume a value of ei (say 1.0) and evaluate i in the ith layer from:-

Must work down through layers not upwards! Now determine i at the mid point of the ith layer:- If the e -v relationship is known determine a revised value of ei and repeat above two steps iteratively.

e1 = 3.1269 - 0.841 log()R2 = 0.9954The parameter e1 = 3.1269 [void ratio at 1 kPa] and gradient of line Cc are used in the algorithms.

This is an interesting result: The relationship holds over all three units!It means that we only need to determine Cc

e1 = 0.8154 + 2.8473 CcHowever, an even more interesting correlation emergesIt appears that data from Hong Kong and Scotland follow same trend

Chart4

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0.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900063.24953.24950.81856900063.24950.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.8185690006

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1.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.3771.377

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1.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.2741.274

1.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.2611.261

1.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.2961.296

1.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.2291.229

1.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.2341.234

1.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.2561.256

1.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.2791.279

1.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.2211.221

1.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.1671.167

1.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.1311.131

1.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.1851.185

1.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.1891.189

1.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.1711.171

1.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.0361.036

0.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.97

0.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.9920.992

0.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.9610.961

0.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.9380.938

0.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.8930.893

0.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.8620.862

0.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.8350.835

0.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.8170.817

0.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.8390.839

0.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.8660.866

0.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.7720.772

0.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.7410.741

0.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.6870.687

0.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.6560.656

0.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.6740.674

0.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.661

0.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.6110.611

0.530.530.530.530.530.530.530.530.530.530.530.530.530.530.53

0.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.5130.513

0.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.7010.701

0.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.7060.706

0.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.6160.616

0.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.5760.576

0.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.5310.531

0.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.5270.527

0.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.5180.518

0.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.4590.459

0.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.473

0.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.4730.473

0.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.4910.491

0.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.5140.514

0.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.5320.532

0.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.4110.411

0.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.4190.419

0.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.3880.388

0.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.3350.335

0.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.2720.272

0.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.2490.249

0.250.250.250.250.250.250.250.250.250.250.250.250.250.250.25

0.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.2680.268

0.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.209

0.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.2090.209

0.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.1820.182

0.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.1

111111111111111

1.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.91.9

NKT

Other

Combined

M1

M2 Unit

T1 Unit

Total (HK+BK)

Hong Kong

BK 1

HK & BK1

BK 2

Bothkennar

MP&NKT

All Data

Tovey & Paul (2002)

All Data

Cc

e1

offshore

lamdaCce1

f10.11920.27451761.3233

f20.15120.34821361.6164

f30.14510.33416531.5584

omega

Hypothesis about individual "omega points"

interceptGradient

HK0.71353.06970.98891174.0862447097

BK0.95422.5910.9896389.9419866765

Humber0.37493.66770.98714652.645890999

Japan0.81192.9220.9442835.6030182312

Li0.79142.74110.9826550.9345391672

HK+BK10.81542.84730.9712703.5581528182

Wong0.43.56413665.2195973234

All Data0.84832.72260.98527.9587597837

1174.08624470970.7135

389.94198667650.9542

4652.6458909990.3749

835.60301823120.8119

550.93453916720.7914

3665.21959732340.4

1000.77

4000.13

1000-0.3

4000-0.94

10000-1.36

new Hong Kong

reportENground

boreholeB1AChek Lap Kok4/3/90Gammonp 19414079GC/89/05816199.55818365.85-5.8

depth2-3m

6.3922.519

11.3922.41

26.3922.2272.227

51.3922.0092.009

101.3911.7981.798

201.3891.5561.556

491.3861.3431.343

201.3891.362

101.3911.397

1.3921.665

e13.218

Cc0.7063301

R20.9958

4-5m

11.3882.115

26.3882.054

51.3881.8991.899

101.3871.6981.698

201.3851.4451.445

401.3821.1841.184

801.3750.9080.908

201.3850.962

11.3881.112

e13.356

Cc0.8369102

R20.9972

11.3922.474

26.3922.3182.318

51.3922.0042.004

101.3911.6981.698

201.3891.3461.346

401.3861.0911.091

801.3790.850.85

201.3890.902

11.3921.097

e13.71783.2180.70633

Cc1.0041083.3561.004

R20.99573.71780.83691

9-10m

11.391.321

26.391.291

51.3891.242

101.3881.1641.164

201.3871.0451.045

401.3830.9420.942

801.3770.8280.828

201.3870.844

51.3890.87

1.390.906

Cce1R2

0.37124361.90530.9993

new Hong Kong

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

comparisons_22062002

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

original_comparisons

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

FIG1

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

NKTOtherCombinedM1M2 UnitT1 UnitBothkennarTotal (HK+BK)JapanJapanShiffmanHong KongBK 1HK & BK1BK 2BothkennarHumberLi (1990)WongMP&NKTNew HKEssex SaltmarshAll Data

0.59682.45602.45602.45602.45602.45602.45602.4562.456

0.73873.11003.11003.11003.11003.11003.11003.1103.110

0.81863.24953.24953.24953.24953.24953.24953.2503.250

0.61362.70172.70172.70172.70172.70172.70172.7022.702

0.24111.39611.39611.39611.39611.39611.39611.3961.396

0.69912.89452.89452.89452.89452.89452.89452.8952.895

0.77072.99172.99172.99172.99172.99172.99172.9922.992

0.94383.74283.74283.74283.74283.74283.74283.7433.743

0.62582.57142.57142.57142.57142.57142.57142.5712.571

0.13881.00951.00951.00951.00951.00951.00951.0101.010InterceptGradientcoefficient of correlation

0.57362.60912.60912.60912.60912.60912.60912.6092.609Hong Kong data in original paper0.71353.06970.9889

1.20934.33404.33404.33404.33404.33404.33404.3344.334Bothkennar (including additional data)0.95422.5910.9896

4.18304.1834.1834.18304.18304.18304.1834.183Humber data (new)0.37493.66770.9871

1.21144.32284.32284.32284.32284.32284.32284.3234.323Japanese data (new)0.81192.9220.9442

0.73473.08993.08993.08993.08993.08993.08993.0903.090Li (1990)0.79142.74110.9826

0.706333.2183.218

1.0043.3563.356

0.836913.71783.718

0.37121.90531.905

Relationship in paper0.81542.84730.9712

Relationship including new data0.75782.92820.9677

Wong's 1993 Relationship0.40003.5641

All Data0.84832.72260.9800

0.000

1.13.77181530113.77183.77183.77183.77183.7723.772

1.073.77010008843.77013.77013.77013.77013.7703.770

1.1133.69815240033.69823.69823.69823.69823.6983.698

1.0533.62754025383.62753.62753.62753.62753.6283.628

1.09753.85050781933.85053.85053.85053.85053.8513.851

0.8733.24965203793.24973.24973.24973.24973.2503.250

0.732.84304267642.84302.84302.84302.84302.8432.843

0.0000.000

0.7142152.7834292.7834292.78342.7832.783

0.7806532.9913062.9913062.99132.9912.991

0.7474342.8198682.8198682.81992.8202.820

0.9218353.418673.418673.41873.4193.419

0.3321931.7893861.7893861.78941.7891.789

0.5398132.4296272.4296272.42962.4302.430

0.9633593.4817183.4817183.48173.4823.482

0.7889582.9829162.9829162.98292.9832.983

0.8803113.3156223.3156223.31563.3163.316

0.4899842.1499692.1499692.15002.1502.150

0.6643862.7037712.7037712.70382.7042.704

0.0000.000

0.6655673.00980.0000.000

0.72820863.32660.0000.000

0.77864433.35590.0000.000

0.99052034.02140.0000.000

0.99052034.19830.0000.000

1.02068964.27640.0000.000

0.85118883.7350.0000.000

0.50527822.36830.0000.000

0.43204282.08650.0000.000

0.0000.000

0.80674093.50060.0000.000

0.92626663.96880.0000.000

1.01746544.22510.0000.000

1.03796214.42190.0000.000

0.98084774.12634.1264.126

0.52232042.46172.4622.462

0.47810282.37262.3732.373

0.45553342.26462.2652.265

0.7743.00983.0103.010

0.7813.32663.3273.327

0.853.35593.3563.356

1.0834.02144.0214.021

1.2324.19834.1984.198

1.2664.27644.2764.276

1.113.7353.7353.735

0.6252.36832.3682.368

0.4522.08652.0872.087

0.0000.000

0.913.50063.5013.501

1.0033.96883.9693.969

1.0864.22514.2254.225

1.2034.42194.4224.422

1.0334.12634.1264.126

0.6252.46172.4622.462

0.4922.37262.3732.373

0.5052.26462.2652.265

0.247Schiffman1.261.2601.260

0.293990636Humber1.4788058041.4791.479

0.3601765251.7131012611.7131.713

0.6108862142.6579283132.6582.658

0.4650699331.9952182211.9951.995

0.000

0.0000.000

0.000

0.000

0.2745176Offshore1.3233

0.34821361.6164

0.33416531.5584

0.000

1.35974.8443

0.000

1.9426.0176.017

1.915.895.890

1.875.6865.686

1.8485.7165.716

1.8215.7125.712

1.8165.7645.764

1.7615.9665.966

1.745.6495.649

1.7315.5195.519

1.7945.5645.564

1.7635.4655.465

1.7135.4525.452

1.6825.4155.415

1.6865.4665.466

1.6465.385.380

1.6195.275.270

1.6775.3495.349

1.75.3455.345

1.7225.3145.314

1.665.2275.227

1.6015.145.140

1.615.0095.009

1.6064.9574.957

1.6375.0075.007

1.5525.0545.054

1.5164.974.970

1.5255.0755.075

1.5515.1965.196

1.6055.3355.335

1.5115.2035.203

1.4444.9944.994

1.4264.8524.852

1.4494.8734.873

1.4764.8834.883

1.4624.8374.837

1.444.784.780

1.5124.8934.893

1.5124.854.850

1.5164.7774.777

1.494.6694.669

1.4634.6214.621

1.4454.5354.535

1.4584.5054.505

1.4054.3864.386

1.3874.4314.431

1.3514.3774.377

1.3774.5544.554

1.354.54.500

1.354.5624.562

1.3464.6234.623

1.394.7174.717

1.4224.7814.781

1.2744.5474.547

1.2614.3724.372

1.2964.4234.423

1.2294.3324.332

1.2344.2494.249

1.2564.2124.212

1.2794.1024.102

1.2213.9363.936

1.1673.6913.691

1.1313.983.980

1.1854.1014.101

1.1894.1654.165

1.1714.1724.172

1.0364.074.070

0.973.3583.358

0.9923.5213.521

0.9613.4213.421

0.9383.4133.413

0.8933.4163.416

0.8623.3973.397

0.8353.3063.306

0.8173.2453.245

0.8393.4763.476

0.8663.6053.605

0.7723.1923.192

0.7413.1243.124

0.6873.0283.028

0.6562.8042.804

0.6742.8342.834

0.6612.7522.752

0.6112.672.670

0.532.5392.539

0.5132.4112.411

0.7012.7452.745

0.7062.582.580

0.6162.4992.499

0.5762.4072.407

0.5312.2792.279

0.5272.2212.221

0.5182.1472.147

0.4592.0412.041

0.4732.1012.101

0.4732.1632.163

0.4911.9751.975

0.5142.0212.021

0.5321.871.870

0.4111.7271.727

0.4191.7741.774

0.3881.6811.681

0.3351.4631.463

0.2721.3431.343

0.2491.4211.421

0.251.231.230

0.2681.1981.198

0.2091.1481.148

0.2091.0861.086

0.18211.000

Wong

0.10.75641

13.9641

1.97.17179

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

1.4054.3864.386

1.3874.4314.431

1.3514.3774.377

1.3774.5544.554

1.354.54.500

1.354.5624.562

1.3464.6234.623

1.394.7174.717

1.4224.7814.781

1.2744.5474.547

1.2614.3724.372

1.2964.4234.423

1.2294.3324.332

1.2344.2494.249

1.2564.2124.212

1.2794.1024.102

1.2213.9363.936

1.1673.6913.691

1.1313.983.980

1.1854.1014.101

1.1894.1654.165

1.1714.1724.172

1.0364.074.070

0.973.3583.358

0.9923.5213.521

0.9613.4213.421

0.9383.4133.413

0.8933.4163.416

0.8623.3973.397

0.8353.3063.306

0.8173.2453.245

0.8393.4763.476

0.8663.6053.605

0.7723.1923.192

0.7413.1243.124

0.6873.0283.028

0.6562.8042.804

0.6742.8342.834

0.6612.7522.752

0.6112.672.670

0.532.5392.539

0.5132.4112.411

0.7012.7452.745

0.7062.582.580

0.6162.4992.499

0.5762.4072.407

0.5312.2792.279

0.5272.2212.221

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005612.4560.59683005610.5968300561

0.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929783.110.73866929780.7386692978

0.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900063.24950.81856900060.8185690006

0.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892732.70170.61363892730.6136389273

0.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065921.39610.24108065920.2410806592

0.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483422.89450.69906483420.6990648342

0.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523062.99170.77067523060.7706752306

0.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962963.74280.94382962960.9438296296

0.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262832.57140.62584262830.6258426283

0.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588111.00950.13884588110.1388458811

0.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394672.60910.57357394670.5735739467

1.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769084.3341.20931769081.2093176908

4.183

1.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113784.32281.2113781.211378

0.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346573.08990.7346570.734657

0.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.70633

1.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.004

0.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.83691

0.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.3712

1.11.11.11.11.11.11.11.1

1.071.071.071.071.071.071.071.07

1.1131.1131.1131.1131.1131.1131.1131.113

1.0531.0531.0531.0531.0531.0531.0531.053

1.09751.09751.09751.09751.09751.09751.09751.0975

0.8730.8730.8730.8730.8730.8730.8730.873

0.730.730.730.730.730.730.730.73

0.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.714215

0.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.780653

0.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.747434

0.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.921835

0.3321930.3321930.3321930.3321930.3321930.3321930.3321930.332193

0.5398130.5398130.5398130.5398130.5398130.5398130.5398130.539813

0.9633590.9633590.9633590.9633590.9633590.9633590.9633590.963359

0.98084770.98084770.98084770.98084770.98084770.98084770.98084770.9808477

0.52232040.52232040.52232040.52232040.52232040.52232040.52232040.5223204

0.47810280.47810280.47810280.47810280.47810280.47810280.47810280.4781028

0.45553340.45553340.45553340.45553340.45553340.45553340.45553340.4555334

0.7740.7740.7740.7740.7740.7740.7740.774

0.7810.7810.7810.7810.7810.7810.7810.781

0.850.850.850.850.850.850.850.85

1.0831.0831.0831.0831.0831.0831.0831.083

1.2321.2321.2321.2321.2321.2321.2321.232

1.2661.2661.2661.2661.2661.2661.2661.266

1.111.111.111.111.111.111.111.11

0.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.625

0.4520.4520.4520.4520.4520.4520.4520.452

0.910.910.910.910.910.910.910.91

1.0031.0031.0031.0031.0031.0031.0031.003

1.0861.0861.0861.0861.0861.0861.0861.086

1.2031.2031.2031.2031.2031.2031.2031.203

0.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.625

0.4920.4920.4920.4920.4920.4920.4920.492

0.5050.5050.5050.5050.5050.5050.5050.505

0.2470.2470.2470.2470.2470.2470.2470.247

0.2939906360.2939906360.2939906360.2939906360.2939906360.2939906360.2939906361.478805804

0.3601765250.3601765250.3601765250.3601765250.3601765250.3601765250.3601765251.713101261

0.6108862140.6108862140.6108862140.6108862140.6108862140.6108862140.6108862142.657928313

0.4650699330.4650699330.4650699330.4650699330.4650699330.4650699330.4650699331.995218221

Japan

Shiffman

Bothkennar 1

Bothkennar 2

All Data

Hong Kong

All Data

Humber

Cc

e1

Variation of e1 with Cc

0.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005612.4560.59683005610.5968300561

0.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929783.110.73866929780.7386692978

0.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900063.24950.81856900060.8185690006

0.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892732.70170.61363892730.6136389273

0.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065921.39610.24108065920.2410806592

0.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483422.89450.69906483420.6990648342

0.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523062.99170.77067523060.7706752306

0.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962963.74280.94382962960.9438296296

0.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262832.57140.62584262830.6258426283

0.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588111.00950.13884588110.1388458811

0.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394672.60910.57357394670.5735739467

1.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769084.3341.20931769081.2093176908

4.183

1.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113784.32281.2113781.211378

0.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346573.08990.7346570.734657

0.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.70633

1.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.004

0.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.83691

0.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.3712

1.11.11.11.11.11.11.11.1

1.071.071.071.071.071.071.071.07

1.1131.1131.1131.1131.1131.1131.1131.113

1.0531.0531.0531.0531.0531.0531.0531.053

1.09751.09751.09751.09751.09751.09751.09751.0975

0.8730.8730.8730.8730.8730.8730.8730.873

0.730.730.730.730.730.730.730.73

0.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.714215

0.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.780653

0.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.747434

0.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.921835

0.3321930.3321930.3321930.3321930.3321930.3321930.3321930.332193

0.5398130.5398130.5398130.5398130.5398130.5398130.5398130.539813

0.9633590.9633590.9633590.9633590.9633590.9633590.9633590.963359

0.98084770.98084770.98084770.98084770.98084770.98084770.98084770.9808477

0.52232040.52232040.52232040.52232040.52232040.52232040.52232040.5223204

0.47810280.47810280.47810280.47810280.47810280.47810280.47810280.4781028

0.45553340.45553340.45553340.45553340.45553340.45553340.45553340.4555334

0.7740.7740.7740.7740.7740.7740.7740.774

0.7810.7810.7810.7810.7810.7810.7810.781

0.850.850.850.850.850.850.850.85

1.0831.0831.0831.0831.0831.0831.0831.083

1.2321.2321.2321.2321.2321.2321.2321.232

1.2661.2661.2661.2661.2661.2661.2661.266

1.111.111.111.111.111.111.111.11

0.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.625

0.4520.4520.4520.4520.4520.4520.4520.452

0.910.910.910.910.910.910.910.91

1.0031.0031.0031.0031.0031.0031.0031.003

1.0861.0861.0861.0861.0861.0861.0861.086

1.2031.2031.2031.2031.2031.2031.2031.203

0.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.6250.625

0.4920.4920.4920.4920.4920.4920.4920.492

0.5050.5050.5050.5050.5050.5050.5050.505

0.2470.2470.2470.2470.2470.2470.2470.247

0.2939906360.2939906360.2939906360.2939906360.2939906360.2939906360.2939906361.478805804

0.3601765250.3601765250.3601765250.3601765250.3601765250.3601765250.3601765251.713101261

0.6108862140.6108862140.6108862140.6108862140.6108862140.6108862140.6108862142.657928313

0.4650699330.4650699330.4650699330.4650699330.4650699330.4650699330.4650699331.995218221

Japan

Shiffman

Bothkennar 1

Bothkennar 2

All Data

Hong Kong

"All Data"

Humber

Cc

e1


Hong Data Trendliney = 3.0697x + 0.7135R2 = 0.9889

All Data Trend Liney = 2.9546x + 0.7332R2 = 0.9691

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

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0

0

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comparisons_2062002!$A$3:$A$224

Wong (1993) relationship

NKT

Other

Combined

M1

M2 Unit

T1 Unit

Bothkennar

Total (HK+BK)

Japan

Japan

Shiffman

Hong Kong

BK 1

HK & BK1

BK 2

Bothkennar

Humber

Li (1990)

Wong

MP&NKT

All Data

Trendline in paper

Trendline including Li's data

New Hong Kong Data

Cc

e1

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NKT

Other

Combined

M1

M2 Unit

T1 Unit

Bothkennar

Total (HK+BK)

Japan

Japan

Shiffman

Hong Kong

BK 1

HK & BK1

BK 2

Bothkennar

Humber

Li (1990)

Wong

MP&NKT

New HK

All Data

NKT

Other

Combined

M1

M2 Unit

T1 Unit

Bothkennar

Total (HK+BK)

Japan

Shiffman

Hong Kong

BK 1

HK & BK1

BK 2

Bothkennar

Humber

Li (1990)

Wong

MP&NKT

New HK

All Data

Tovey & Paul (2002)

All Data

Essex Saltmarsh

Cc

e1

00000000000000000000000

00000000000000000000000

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00000000000000000000000

NKT

Other

Combined

M1

M2 Unit

T1 Unit

Bothkennar

Total (HK+BK)

Japan

Japan

Shiffman

Hong Kong

BK 1

HK & BK1

BK 2

Bothkennar

Humber

Li (1990)

Wong

MP&NKT

New HK

All Data

NKT

Other

Combined

M1

M2 Unit

T1 Unit

Bothkennar

Total (HK+BK)

Japan

Japan

Shiffman

Hong Kong

BK 1

HK & BK1

NKT

Other

Combined

M1

M2 Unit

T1 Unit

Total (HK+BK)

Hong Kong

BK 1

HK & BK1

BK 2

Bothkennar

MP&NKT

All Data

Tovey & Paul (2002)

All Data

Cc

e1

NKTOtherCombinedM1M2 UnitT1 UnitBothkennarTotalJapanJapanShiffmanHKBK 1BK 2HumberLi (1990)All Data

0.59682.45602.45602.45602.45602.45602.456

0.73873.11003.11003.11003.11003.11003.110

0.81863.24953.24953.24953.24953.24953.250

0.61362.70172.70172.70172.70172.70172.702

0.24111.39611.39611.39611.39611.39611.396

0.69912.89452.89452.89452.89452.89452.895

0.77072.99172.99172.99172.99172.99172.992

0.94383.74283.74283.74283.74283.74283.743

0.62582.57142.57142.57142.57142.57142.571

0.13881.00951.00951.00951.00951.00951.010

0.57362.60912.60912.60912.60912.60912.609

1.20934.33404.33404.33404.33404.33404.334

1.14674.18304.1834.1834.18304.18304.183

1.21144.32284.32284.32284.32284.32284.323

0.73473.08993.08993.08993.08993.08993.090

5550.000

1.13.77181530113.77183.77183.772

1.073.77010008843.77013.77013.770

1.1133.69815240033.69823.69823.698

1.0533.62754025383.62753.62753.628

1.09753.85050781933.85053.85053.851

0.8733.24965203793.24973.24973.250

0.732.84304267642.84302.84302.843

0.000

0.7142152.7834292.7834292.783

0.7806532.9913062.9913062.991

0.7474342.8198682.8198682.820

0.9218353.418673.418673.419

0.3321931.7893861.7893861.789

0.5398132.4296272.4296272.430

0.9633593.4817183.4817183.482

0.7889582.9829162.9829162.983

0.8803113.3156223.3156223.316

0.4899842.1499692.1499692.150

0.6643862.7037712.7037712.704

0.000

0.6655673.00980.000

0.72820863.32660.000

0.77864433.35590.000

0.99052034.02140.000

0.99052034.19830.000

1.02068964.27640.000

0.85118883.7350.000

0.50527822.36830.000

0.43204282.08650.000

0.000

0.80674093.50060.000

0.92626663.96880.000

1.01746544.22510.000

1.03796214.42190.000

0.98084774.12630.000

0.52232042.46170.000

0.47810282.37260.000

0.45553342.26460.000

0.7743.00983.010

0.7813.32663.327

0.853.35593.356

1.0834.02144.021

1.2324.19834.198

1.2664.27644.276

1.113.7353.735

0.6252.36832.368

0.4522.08652.087

0.000

0.913.50063.501

1.0033.96883.969

1.0864.22514.225

1.2034.42194.422

1.0334.12634.126

0.6252.46172.462

0.4922.37262.373

0.5052.26462.265

0.247Schiffman1.261.260

0.293990636Humber1.4788058041.479

0.3601765251.7131012611.713

0.6108862142.6579283132.658

0.4650699331.9952182211.995

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.2745176Offshore1.32330.000

0.34821361.61640.000

0.33416531.55840.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

1.9426.0176.0170.000

1.915.895.890

1.875.6865.686

1.8485.7165.716

1.8215.7125.712

1.8165.7645.764

1.7615.9665.966

1.745.6495.649

1.7315.5195.519

1.7945.5645.564

1.7635.4655.465

1.7135.4525.452

1.6825.4155.415

1.6865.4665.466

1.6465.385.380

1.6195.275.270

1.6775.3495.349

1.75.3455.345

1.7225.3145.314

1.665.2275.227

1.6015.145.140

1.615.0095.009

1.6064.9574.957

1.6375.0075.007

1.5525.0545.054

1.5164.974.970

1.5255.0755.075

1.5515.1965.196

1.6055.3355.335

1.5115.2035.203

1.4444.9944.994

1.4264.8524.852

1.4494.8734.873

1.4764.8834.883

1.4624.8374.837

1.444.784.780

1.5124.8934.893

1.5124.854.850

1.5164.7774.777

1.494.6694.669

1.4634.6214.621

1.4454.5354.535

1.4584.5054.505

1.4054.3864.386

1.3874.4314.431

1.3514.3774.377

1.3774.5544.554

1.354.54.500

1.354.5624.562

1.3464.6234.623

1.394.7174.717

1.4224.7814.781

1.2744.5474.547

1.2614.3724.372

1.2964.4234.423

1.2294.3324.332

1.2344.2494.249

1.2564.2124.212

1.2794.1024.102

1.2213.9363.936

1.1673.6913.691

1.1313.983.980

1.1854.1014.101

1.1894.1654.165

1.1714.1724.172

1.0364.074.070

0.973.3583.358

0.9923.5213.521

0.9613.4213.421

0.9383.4133.413

0.8933.4163.416

0.8623.3973.397

0.8353.3063.306

0.8173.2453.245

0.8393.4763.476

0.8663.6053.605

0.7723.1923.192

0.7413.1243.124

0.6873.0283.028

0.6562.8042.804

0.6742.8342.834

0.6612.7522.752

0.6112.672.670

0.532.5392.539

0.5132.4112.411

0.7012.7452.745

0.7062.582.580

0.6162.4992.499

0.5762.4072.407

0.5312.2792.279

0.5272.2212.221

0.5182.1472.147

0.4592.0412.041

0.4732.1012.101

0.4732.1632.163

0.4911.9751.975

0.5142.0212.021

0.5321.871.870

0.4111.7271.727

0.4191.7741.774

0.3881.6811.681

0.3351.4631.463

0.2721.3431.343

0.2491.4211.421

0.251.231.230

0.2681.1981.198

0.2091.1481.148

0.2091.0861.086

0.18211.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

1.4054.3864.386

1.3874.4314.431

1.3514.3774.377

1.3774.5544.554

1.354.54.500

1.354.5624.562

1.3464.6234.623

1.394.7174.717

1.4224.7814.781

1.2744.5474.547

1.2614.3724.372

1.2964.4234.423

1.2294.3324.332

1.2344.2494.249

1.2564.2124.212

1.2794.1024.102

1.2213.9363.936

1.1673.6913.691

1.1313.983.980

1.1854.1014.101

1.1894.1654.165

1.1714.1724.172

1.0364.074.070

0.973.3583.358

0.9923.5213.521

0.9613.4213.421

0.9383.4133.413

0.8933.4163.416

0.8623.3973.397

0.8353.3063.306

0.8173.2453.245

0.8393.4763.476

0.8663.6053.605

0.7723.1923.192

0.7413.1243.124

0.6873.0283.028

0.6562.8042.804

0.6742.8342.834

0.6612.7522.752

0.6112.672.670

0.532.5392.539

0.5132.4112.411

0.7012.7452.745

0.7062.582.580

0.6162.4992.499

0.5762.4072.407

0.5312.2792.279

0.5272.2212.221

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

e1 = 0.8154+ 2.8473 Cc

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

Japan

Shiffman

Bothkennar 1

Bothkennar 2

All Data

Hong Kong

All Data

Humber

Cc

e1


00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

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00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

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00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

00000000

Japan

Shiffman

Bothkennar 1

Bothkennar 2

All Data

Hong Kong

"All Data"

Humber

Cc

e1


All Data Trend Liney = 2.9546x + 0.7332R2 = 0.9691

Hong Data Trendliney = 3.0697x + 0.7135R2 = 0.9889

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NKT

Other

Combined

M1

M2 Unit

T1 Unit

Bothkennar

Total

Japan

Japan

Shiffman

HK

BK 1

BK 2

Humber

Li (1990)

All Data

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

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00000000000

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00000000000

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00000000000

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00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

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00000000000

00000000000

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00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

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00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

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00000000000

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00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

00000000000

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Bothkennar

Total

Japan

Japan

Shiffman

HK

BK 1

BK 2

Humber

Li (1990)

All Data

Cc

e1

Bothkennar 2y = 2.715x + 0.8751R2 = 0.9909

Bothkennar 1y = 2.4605x + 1.0711R2 = 0.968

Li (1990)y = 2.7411x + 0.7914R2 = 0.9826

Japany = 2.922x + 0.8119 R2 = 0.9442

Hong Kongy = 3.0697x + 0.7135R2 = 0.9889

Humbery = 3.6677x + 0.3749R2 = 0.9871

0

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000000000000

000000000000

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000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

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000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

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000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

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000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

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000000000000

000000000000

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000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

000000000000

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000000000000

000000000000

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000000000000

Bothkennar

Total

Japan

Japan

Shiffman

HK

BK 1

BK 2

Humber

Li (1990)

All Data

Offshore

Cc

e1

Bothkennar 1y = 2.4605x + 1.0711R2 = 0.968

Bothkennar 2y = 2.715x + 0.8751R2 = 0.9909

0.173160.5223.0020000

e100Cce1

2.1331.9426.017

2.071.915.89

1.9461.875.686

2.021.8485.716

2.071.8215.712

2.1321.8165.764

2.4441.7615.966

2.1691.745.649

2.0571.7315.519

1.9761.7945.564

1.9391.7635.465

2.0261.7135.452

2.0511.6825.415

2.0941.6865.466

2.0881.6465.38

2.0321.6195.27

1.9951.6775.349

1.9451.75.345

1.871.7225.314

1.9071.665.227

1.9381.6015.14

1.7891.615.009

1.7451.6064.957

1.7331.6375.007

1.951.5525.054

1.9381.5164.97

2.0251.5255.075

2.0941.5515.196

2.1251.6055.335

2.1811.5115.203

2.1061.4444.994

21.4264.852

1.9751.4494.873

1.9311.4764.883

1.9131.4624.837

1.91.444.78

1.8691.5124.893

1.8261.5124.85

1.7451.5164.777

1.6891.494.669

1.6951.4634.621

1.6451.4454.535

1.5891.4584.505

1.5761.4054.386

1.6571.3874.431

1.6751.3514.377

1.81.3774.554

1.81.354.5

1.8621.354.562

1.9311.3464.623

1.9371.394.717

1.9371.4224.781

1.9991.2744.547

1.851.2614.372

1.8311.2964.423

1.8741.2294.332

1.7811.2344.249

1.71.2564.212

1.5441.2794.102

1.4941.2213.936

1.3571.1673.691

1.7181.1313.98

1.7311.1854.101

1.7871.1894.165

1.831.1714.172

1.9981.0364.07

1.4180.973.358

1.5370.9923.521

1.4990.9613.421

1.5370.9383.413

1.630.8933.416

1.6730.8623.397

1.6360.8353.306

1.6110.8173.245

1.7980.8393.476

1.8730.8663.605

1.6480.7723.192

1.6420.7413.124

1.6540.6873.028

1.4920.6562.804

1.4860.6742.834

1.430.6612.752

1.4480.6112.67

1.4790.532.539

1.3850.5132.411

1.3430.7012.745

1.1680.7062.58

1.2670.6162.499

1.2550.5762.407

1.2170.5312.279

1.1670.5272.221

1.1110.5182.147

1.1230.4592.041

1.1550.4732.101

1.2170.4732.163

0.9930.4911.975

0.9930.5142.021

0.8060.5321.87

0.9050.4111.727

0.9360.4191.774

0.9050.3881.681

0.7930.3351.463

0.7990.2721.343

0.9230.2491.421

0.730.251.23

0.6620.2681.198

0.730.2091.148

0.6680.2091.086

0.6360.1821

Do you believe in Omega?Omega Point

Chart1

1010102.44101010

202.472.152.21202020

1.732.211.871.87505050

1.461.91.641.6100100100

1.181.551.411.34200200200

1.151.511.371.29200200200

0.981.271.181.121.10451400400

0.811.030.990.940.92131800800

1600160016001600160016001600

2002002002002002001.304775

5005005005005005000.984325

8008008008008008000.84875

1600160016001600160016000.6762

18001800180018000.7037618001800

5005005005005000.739500

100010001000100010000.6821000

200020002000200020000.6152000

200020002000200020000.592000

320032003200320032000.5453200

CLKM34

CLKB12

KC5/2

KC6

CLKb8/2

CLKB9

CLKB9A

CLKB12

CLKB9 - T1 Unit)

KC6 - M1 Unit

CLKB8/2

CLKB9a

KC5/2

Vertical Stress (kPa)

Void Ratio

Virgin Consolidation Trend Lines for Hong Kong Marine Sediments

Sheet1

SoilTypical LLeLe100cc*Cc

CLKM340.631.7011.08520.39550.7707

CLKb120.852.2951.39190.54750.9438

CLKb8/10.741.9981.23800.47150.6258

KC5/10.561.5120.98750.34710.5968

KC5/20.741.9981.23800.47150.7387

KC60.782.1061.29370.49910.8186

CLKB8/20.631.7011.08520.39550.6136

CLKb90.551.4850.97340.34020.2411

Clkb9a0.641.7281.09910.40240.6991

Equation of ICL is Iv=2.45-1.285x+0.015x3

where x is log sigma_v in kPa

KC5/10.5968

KC5/20.7387

KC60.8186

CLKB8/20.6136

CLK-B90.2411

CLK-B9A0.6991

M340.7707

B120.9438

B80.6258

M31 s90.1388

M41 S150.5736

M48 s41.2093

M29_s61.1467

M31_s61.2114

M41_s60.7347

&A

Page &P

Sheet1

&A

Page &P

icl-scl

Data for graphstart on line 70

stressVoids Ratio

CLKM34CLKB12CLKB8/1KC5/1KC5/2KC6CLKb8/2CLKB9CLKB9A

101.862.44

202.471.72.152.21

501.732.211.451.871.87

1001.461.91.2551.641.6

2001.181.551.071.411.34

2001.151.511.1251.0351.371.29

4000.981.270.960.91.181.121.10451

8000.811.030.7710.7650.990.940.92131

16000.571

2001.304775

5000.984325

8000.84875

16000.6762

18000.70376

5000.739

10000.682

20000.615

20000.59

32000.545

e1001.08521311261.3919449331.23797002790.98748757961.23797002791.29368770831.08521311260.9734461211.0991159096

CC*0.3954560.547520.4714880.3470720.4714880.4991360.3954560.340160.402368

Voids indicies

CLKM34CLKB12CLKB8/1KC5/1KC5/2KC6CLKb8/2CLKB9CLKB9AICLSCL

102.51392.2966

201.96902.05291.93441.8358

501.63051.49411.33261.34051.1546

1000.94770.92790.77080.85270.6137

2000.23970.28870.23770.36490.0928

2000.16380.2156-0.23960.13690.2800-0.0074

400-0.2661-0.2227-0.5896-0.2521-0.1230-0.3480

800-0.6959-0.6611-0.9904-0.6410-0.5259-0.7086

1600-1.4146

2000.5111

500-0.2853

800-0.6222

1600-1.0511

500-0.6892

1000-0.8568

2000-1.0538

2000-1.1273

3200-1.2595

4000.0488

800-0.4145

1800-0.9646

0.43.84

13.24

42.42

101.181.92

400.461.22

10000.77

400-0.630.13

1000-1-0.3

4000-1.46-0.94

10000-1.36

&A

Page &P

icl-scl

&A

Page &P

CLKM34

CLKB12

CLKB8/1

KC5/1

KC5/2

KC6

CLKb8/2

CLKB9

CLKB9A

ICL

SCL

Sheet3

CLKM34

CLKB12

KC5/2

KC6

CLKb8/2

CLKB9

CLKB9A

CLKB12

CLKB9 - T1 Unit)

KC6 - M1 Unit

CLKB8/2

CLKB9a

KC5/2

Vertical Stress (kPa)

Void Ratio

Virgin Consolidation Trend Lines for Hong Kong Marine Sediments

CLKM34CLKB12CLKB8/1KC5/1KC5/2KC6CLKb8/2CLKB9CLKB9A

101.8602.440

202.471.7002.1502.210

501.7302.211.4501.8701.870

1001.4601.91.2551.6401.600

2001.1801.551.0701.4101.340

2001.1501.511.1251.0351.3701.290

4000.9801.270.9600.9001.1801.1201.10451

8000.8101.030.7710.7650.9900.9400.92131

16000.571

2001.304775

5000.984325

8000.84875

16000.6762

18000.70376

5000.739

10000.682

20000.615

20000.59

32000.545

B12202.47

502.21

1001.9

2001.55

2001.51

4001.27

8001.03

b8/12001.125

4000.960

8000.770

8000.722

16000.571

KC5/1

101.860

201.700

501.450

1001.255

2001.070

2001.035

4000.900

8000.765

Kc5/2

202.150

501.870

1001.640

2001.410

2001.370

4001.180

8000.990

KC6

102.440

202.210

501.870

1001.600

2001.340

2001.290

4001.120

8000.940

CLKb8/2

4001.10451

8000.92131

1,8000.70376

CLKb9

5000.739

10000.682

20000.615

20000.59

32000.545

Clkb9a

2001.304775

5000.984325

8000.84875

16000.6762

&A

Page &P

Omega PointIf this relationship were to hold more generally, then we can predict e1 from Cc

Inclusion of many more data points still confirms a relationshipe1 = 0.8662 + 2.7111 CcR2 = 0.9775

Chart1

0.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005612.4560.59683005610.59683005612.4560.59683005612.4560.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005610.59683005612.4560.5968300561

0.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929783.110.73866929780.73866929783.110.73866929783.110.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929780.73866929783.110.7386692978

0.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900063.24950.81856900060.81856900063.24950.81856900063.24950.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900060.81856900063.24950.8185690006

0.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892732.70170.61363892730.61363892732.70170.61363892732.70170.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892730.61363892732.70170.6136389273

0.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065921.39610.24108065920.24108065921.39610.24108065921.39610.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065920.24108065921.39610.2410806592

0.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483422.89450.69906483420.69906483422.89450.69906483422.89450.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483420.69906483422.89450.6990648342

0.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523062.99170.77067523060.77067523062.99170.77067523062.99170.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523060.77067523062.99170.7706752306

0.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962963.74280.94382962960.94382962963.74280.94382962963.74280.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962960.94382962963.74280.9438296296

0.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262832.57140.62584262830.62584262832.57140.62584262832.57140.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262830.62584262832.57140.6258426283

0.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588111.00950.13884588110.13884588111.00950.13884588111.00950.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588110.13884588111.00950.1388458811

0.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394672.60910.57357394670.57357394672.60910.57357394672.60910.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394670.57357394672.60910.5735739467

1.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769084.3341.20931769081.20931769084.3341.20931769084.3341.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769081.20931769084.3341.2093176908

4.1834.1834.1834.183

1.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113784.32281.2113781.2113784.32281.2113784.32281.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113781.2113784.32281.211378

0.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346573.08990.7346570.7346573.08990.7346573.08990.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346570.7346573.08990.734657

0.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706330.706333.2183.2180.70633

1.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0041.0043.3563.3561.004

0.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836910.836913.71783.71780.83691

0.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37120.37121.90531.90530.3712

1.11.11.11.11.11.13.77181530113.77181530111.11.11.13.77181530113.77181530111.13.77181530111.11.11.11.11.13.77181530111.1

1.071.071.071.071.071.073.77010008843.77010008841.071.071.073.77010008843.77010008841.073.77010008841.071.071.071.071.073.77010008841.07

1.1131.1131.1131.1131.1131.1133.69815240033.69815240031.1131.1131.1133.69815240033.69815240031.1133.69815240031.1131.1131.1131.1131.1133.69815240031.113

1.0531.0531.0531.0531.0531.0533.62754025383.62754025381.0531.0531.0533.62754025383.62754025381.0533.62754025381.0531.0531.0531.0531.0533.62754025381.053

1.09751.09751.09751.09751.09751.09753.85050781933.85050781931.09751.09751.09753.85050781933.85050781931.09753.85050781931.09751.09751.09751.09751.09753.85050781931.0975

0.8730.8730.8730.8730.8730.8733.24965203793.24965203790.8730.8730.8733.24965203793.24965203790.8733.24965203790.8730.8730.8730.8730.8733.24965203790.873

0.730.730.730.730.730.732.84304267642.84304267640.730.730.732.84304267642.84304267640.732.84304267640.730.730.730.730.732.84304267640.73

0

0.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142152.7834290.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142152.7834292.7834290.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142150.7142152.7834290.714215

0.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806532.9913060.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806532.9913062.9913060.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806530.7806532.9913060.780653

0.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474342.8198680.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474342.8198682.8198680.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474340.7474342.8198680.747434

0.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218353.418670.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218350.9218353.418673.418670.921835

Documents

1 School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK