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1 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
I-Mode Performance MonitoringUse of ROOT in telecommunications at KPN
Pieter Meulenhoff and Rob Meijer
KPN Research, The Netherlands
2 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Contents• KPN/KPN Research
• Context
• I-Mode performance Monitoring
• ROOT Usage
• Future developments
3 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
What is KPN (Research) ?
• Royal Dutch Telecommunications Company• KPN Research
– R&D organisation of KPN– 350 People (average age 29 years)– To become part of TNO, the Netherlands
organisation for applied scientific research.
4 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Standard Telecommuincations Network
switch switch
switch
5 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Event/Rules:
Pick up the phone …
Away from computer …
Slam the door …
No answer …
Internet
6 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Understanding Large Telco Infrastructures
• Systems grow complex– Measure what is going on
• Systems are in a hostile environment– Measure who is doing what from where– Correlation between different layers
Data network
IP, ICMP
Data network
IP, ICMP
Data network
IP, ICMP
TCP, UDP
HTTP
Data network
IP
Data network
IP
Data network
IP
TCP, UDP
HTTP
Data network
IP
7 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Measuring: Key Performance Indicators (KPI)
• Webserver Environment• Windows Management Instrumentation• Agent Extracts KPI’s from server
• CPU, HTTP Requests, Disk, Memory• Storage in tree object• Offline analysis
Analysis
Mediation
Web servers
Hits / second
CPU time
8 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
What is i-mode ?• Wireless Internet via Mobile Phone
– Web Browsing– E-Mail
• Introduced in Japan by NTT DoCoMo in 1999 (now 30 million subscribers)
• Introduced in Germany, Netherlands, Belgium in 2002
I-mode performance monitoring
10 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
I-Mode Applications•Ringtones•Images•Weather•News•Stocks•Games•Maps/Route/Travel•Full Internet Access•X-Rated Content
11 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
I-Mode Platform Overview
I-modeterminal
GPRSNetwork
Internet ContentWebsite
i-modeGateway
ServicePlatform
What is the enduser experience ?
12 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
I-Mode Management Issues• When do we have to upgrade the capacity of
our i-mode gateway ?• Is a change in quality caused by i-mode
service platform, Internet, GPRS network ?• What is the quality of our service compared to
one day, week, month or year ago ?
13 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
GPRS Network• I-Mode is based on the GPRS Network• Faster data transfer• Packet Switched Network
– Mobile phone ‘has’ IP-Number– Always on– ‘You only pay for data transferred’
14 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
ROOT
MLPA
I-modeterminal
GPRSNetwork
Internet ContentWebsite
i-modeGateway
ServicePlatform
NetworkAnalyzer
15 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
MLPA• Multi Layer Packet Analysis• Capturing and Storage of:
– timestamped TCP/IP Headers– timestamped HTTP Headers
• Correlating TCP/IP and HTTP – HTTP ‘transactions’
• Calculation of – ‘End-to-End’ response times
• Responsetime as experienced by user
– HTTP arrival rates– tcp/ip quality– ...
16 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Tim
e
NetworkAnalyzer
User initiated
URL request
Received URL
i-modeGateway
SPor CP
Request
response time
~Server
side RTT
~GPRS RTT
~Set-up
TCP set- up delay
Tim
e
NetworkAnalyzer
User initiated
URL request
Received URL
i-modeGateway
SPor CP
Request
response time
~Server
side RTT
~GPRS RTT
~Set-up
TCP set- up delay
Correlating TCP/IP and HTTP Traffic
17 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Technical MLPA details: Software• 1. Packet Analyzer
– Save time-stamped TCP/IP and HTTP Header information• 2. Packet Correlator
– Calculate TCP/IP to HTTP Correlation• TCP Connections• HTTP Transactions
• 3. Analysis modules• HTTP request arrival rates • HTTP response throughput• End-to-end HTTP response time (time-plots, distributions, statistics)• TCP statistics
– Retransmissions, fragmentation, connection setup time
• 4. Presentation Module– Convert analysis results to html format– … (presentation to other output formats/databases/…)
18 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Standard MLPA monitoring & analysis process
TCPPacket Object stored in TTreeTCPConnection and HTTPTransaction object stored in TTree
Standard ROOT Histograms and Profiles
NetworkAnalyzer
TCPPacketCorrelator
AnalysisModuleAnalysis
ModuleAnalysisModuleAnalysisScript
PresentationScript
Website
SLA monitoring
ROOT Scripts
19 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Real-time MLPA analysis process
PacketAnalyzer
PacketCorrelator
AnalysisModule Alarm / Event!
(Network Management System)
Realtime Event Based Operation
Network Management
20 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Implementation • Installation
– Attached to ‘monitoring port’ of incoming/outgoing router (Gi interface between GGSN and i-mode gateway).
• Software– Database, Object I/O: ROOT (http://root.cern.ch)– Network Analyzer: Libpcap (ethereal, tcpdump)– Graphics conversion: Imagemagick– Administration: ssh
• Supported operating systems– Unix based (Linux, Solaris)– W2K
• Security options– TCP/IP anonimisation– HTTP header cleanup (XID,Cookies,Content,Form Variables)
22 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
ROOT
• Rapid Development through scripts
• Trees, Histograms, Profiles
• No modelling/simulation (outside root)
23 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
Results & Future Work• Performance Improvements
– Detection of bugs in TCP stack software– Comparison between different terminals (speed)– Network optimisation– Future versions of platform/terminals– Many more
• Introduction in operational environment– Realtime alarm generation– Connection to network management software
• SNMP, SOAP,...
– Stabillity
24 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
25 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
26 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002
27 Pieter Meulenhoff KPN Research [email protected] ROOT2002