1. Overview of Disasters

7/30/2019 1. Overview of Disasters

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OVERVIEW OF DISASTERMANAGEMENT IN INDIA


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STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATION

TERMINOLOGIES RELATED TO DISASTERMANAGEMENTTYPES OF NATURAL DISASTERSCONSEQUENCES OF NATURAL DISASTERSHAZARD/DISASTER PROFILE OF INDIA

DIVISION OF INDIA AS PER VULNERABILITYDAMAGE DUE TO NATURAL DISASTERS IN INDIANATIONAL OBJECTIVES IN DISASTER MANAGEMENTNEED FOR NATIONAL POLICY ON DISASTERMANAGEMENT

DISASTER MANAGEMENT


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TERMINOLOGIES

HAZARD: A threatening event, or the probability of occurrence

of a potentially damaging phenomenon within a given timeperiod and area is called a Hazard.

DISASTER: A serious disruption of the functioning of a

society, causing wide spread human, material orenvironmental losses, which exceed the ability of, affectedsociety to cope using only its own resources is called a

Disaster.

VULNERABILITY:The degree of loss to a given element atrisk or set of elements resulting from the occurrence of a

natural phenomenon of a given magnitude and expressed on ascale from 0-(no damage) to 1- (total damage) is called

Vulnerability.

Hazard * Vulnerability = Disaster(Source:isdr.net)


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TYPES OF DISASTERS

Natural Disaster : Hydro-meteorological: Avalanches/landslides,

Drought/famines, extreme temperature, floods,forest/scrub fires, wind storms, and other

(insect infestation and wave/surges) Geophysical : Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions.Non-natural Disaster : Industrial: Chemical spill, collapse of industrial

structures, explosion, fire. Miscellaneous: Collapse of domestic structures,

explosion, fire Transport: Air, rail, road and water borne

accidents.


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SOCIAL, ECONOMIC & HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF NATURAL CALAMITIES

S.

No.Consequences

NATURAL CALAMITIES

Earth-

Quake

Cyclone Flood Fir

e

Drought/

Famine

1. Loss of life

X X X X

2. Injury X X X X X

3. Epidemiological threat X X

4. Loss of crops X X X

5. Loss of housing X X X X

6. Damage to infrastructure X X X X

7. Disruption of

communications

X X X X

8. Disruption of transport X X X X

9. Panic X X X X

10. Looting X X X X

11. Breakdown of social order X X X

12. Short-term migrations X X

13. Permanent migration #

14. Loss of Industrial production X X X X #

15. Loss of Business X X X X #

16 Distruption of marketing

systems

X X X X #

LEGEND :

X - Direct Consequences

# - Secondary Consequences

So

urce:NaturalDis

asterManageme

nt.Org.in


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ASIA PACIFIC- 60% of worlds natural disasters.

1988-

1997

5116 lives 24.79 million affected every

year

1998 9846 34.11 million people affected

1999 10000 Thousands homeless

2001 16000

28% of countrystotal cultivable areain drought prone

57% of India isearth quakeprone.

76 Lakh hac. Ofland are flooded

every year.

A

LARMINGSTATISTICS

.

spiraling out of

control, increasing in

frequency, causing

more and more

injury, disability,

disease and death,

adding to the health,

economic and social

burden of an already

impoverished nation.

DISASTER PROFILE OF INDIA

Source: www.infochangeindia.org


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DIVISION OF INDIA AS PER

NATURAL DISASTERS

SEISMIC ZONES OF INDIA

WIND AND CYCLONE ZONES OF

INDIAFLOOD ZONES OF INDIA

DROUGHT PRONE AREAS OFINDIA


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SEISMIC ZONES

ZONE-1 VERY LOWDAMAGED RISKZONE

ZONE-2 LOW DAMAGED

RISK ZONE

ZONE-3 MODERATEDAMAGE RISKZONE

ZONE-4 HIGH DAMAGE

RISK ZONE

ZONE-5 VERY HIGHDAMAGE RISKZONE

Source: gujrat-earthquake.gov.in


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NEW IDENTIFIED SEISMIC ZONES OLD SEISMIC ZONES

source: vulnearability maps of india.comSource:Seismic map of india.htm


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Sno.

year Districtsaffected

Villagesaffected(no)

Populationaffected(lakh)

Cropareaaffected(lakhhac.)

Housesdamaged (no)

Human lifeloss(no)

Cattleloss(no)

Estimavalue of lossof houses(incrores)

Estimaloss ofpublicproperties (rs.Incrores)

1 1999 202

33,158

328.1 8.45 884,823

1,375 3,861

.72 -

2 2000 200

29,964

416.24 34.8 2,736,355

3,048 102,121

631.3 389.7

3 2001 122

32,363

210.71 18.7 346,878

834 21,269

631.3 676.0

Annual Damage due to Heavy Rains, Landslide and Floods

YEAR 2000 SHOWS THE HEAVY LOSSES IN EACH

TERM OTHER THAN LOSS IN PUBLIC PROPERTY

Source: Annual Reports, Natural Disaster Management Division, Ministry of Agriculture


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ESTIMATED VALUE LOSS OF HOUSES ( IN CRORES)

0.72

631.3 631.3

0

100

200

300

400500

600

700

1999 2000 2001

Annual Damage due to Heavy Rains, Landslide and Floods

E4STIMATED VALUE OF PUBLIC PROPERTY (IN

CRORES)

389.7

676

0

200

400

600

800

2000 2001

YEAR

POPULATION AFFECTED (LAKH)

328.1

416.24

210.71

0

50

100150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1999 2000 2001

VILLAGES AFFECTED

33,158

29,964

32,363

28,000

29,000

30,000

31,000

32,000

33,000

34,000

1999 2000 2001

HOUSES DAMAGED

884,823

2,736,355

346,878

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

1999 2000 2001

CROP AREA AFFECTED(LAKH HAC.)

8.45

34.8

18.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1999 2000 2001

Source: Annual Reports, Natural Disaster Management Division, Ministry of Agriculture

MAP SHOWING FLOOD ZONES OF INDIA


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MAP SHOWING FLOOD ZONES OF INDIA

source: vulnerability maps of india.com


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Affected due to wind storms

27,00030,000

13,870,008

4,661,393

7,335,000

428,60072,500100

8,000,000

3,700,000

1,900,000

80,000

3,300,100

105,0001,335,0001,556,800

5,300,493

131,700

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,00012,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

Year

2001 1999 1997 1995 1993 1991 1989 1987 1985 1983years

No.

Killed due to w ind

99

10,205

3,471

25806128219186 251251,843

93 74 166390709524782744805153

0

5000

10000

15000

Year

2001

1999

1997

1995

1993

1991

1989

1987

1985

1983

Source: EM-DAT, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Belgium

DAMAGE DUE TO WIND AND CYCLONE IN INDIA


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Losses due to drought

Sno.

year Districtsaffected

Villagesaffected(no)

Populationaffected(lakh)

Crop areaaffected(lakhhac.)

Estimatedvalue ofdamagecrop

Cattlepopulationaffectedin lakh

1 1999 125 - 369.88 134.22 6.44 345.60

2 2000 110 54,883 378.14 367.00 371.87 541.67

3 2001 103 22,255 88.19 67.44 NA 34.28

Total 338 77,138 836.21 568.66 378.31 921.55

Source: Annual Reports, Natural Disaster Management Division,

Ministry of Agriculture


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CATTLE POPULATION AFFECTED IN

LAKH

345.6

541.67

34.28

0

200

400

600

1999 2000 2001

YEAR

NO.

POPULATION AFFECTED

369.88 378.14

88.19

836.21

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1999 2000 2001 Total

CROP AREA AFFECTED(LAKH HAC.)

134.22

367

67.44

568.66

0

200

400

600

1999 2000 2001 Total

VILLAGES AFFECTED

54,883

22,255

77,138

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

2000 2001 Total

DISTRICTS AFFECTED

125 110 103

338

0

100

200

300

400

1999 2000 2001 Total

ESTIMATED VALUE OF DAMAGE CROP

6.44

371.87 378.31

0

100

200

300

400

1999 2000 2001 Total

Source: Annual Reports, Natural Disaster Management Division,Ministry of Agriculture00

LOSSES DUE TO DROUGHT


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source:vulnerabilitymapsofindia

.com

INDIA- DROUGHT PRONE AREAS

CUMMULATIVE DISASTER HAZARDS


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Events

3 3

5

2 1

3

1 2 1 2 2 2 1

0123

456

Year

2001

1999

1997

1995

1993

1991

1989

1987

1985

1983

Nos

Affected

100200,1562,030

1,119,535

25

2,500,200

5,112

0

1000000

2000000

3000000

Yea

r

2001

1999

1997

1995

1993

1991

1989

1987

1985

1983

1981

year

Nos

DISASTERS DUE TO LANDSLIDES

Source: EM-DAT, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Belgium


Damage due to Natural Disasters in India


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Year People affected(LAKH)

Houses &buildings, partiallyor Totallydamaged

Amount ofproperty damage/loss in crores

1985 595.6 2,449,878 40.06

1986 550 2,049,277 30.74

1987 483.4 2,919,380 20.57

1988 101.5 242,533 40.63

1989 30.1 782,340 20.41

1990 31.7 1,019,930 10.711991 342.7 1,190,109 10.90

1992 190.2 570,969 20.05

1993 262.4 1,529,916 50.80

1994 235.3 1,051,223 10.83

1995 543.5 2,088,355 40.73

1996 549.9 2,376,693 50.43

1997 443.8 1,103,549 n.a.

1998 521.7 1,563,405 0.72

1999 501.7 3,104,064 1020.97

2000 594.34 2,736,355 800

2001 788.19 846,878 12000

Source

:An

nualReports,NDMDivision,MinistryofAgriculture

Damage d e to Nat ral Disasters in India


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595.6550

483.4

1 01 .5

30.1 31 .7

342.7

1 90.2

262.4235.3

543.5 549.9

443.8

521 .7 501 .7

594.34

788.1 9

0

1 00

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

YEAR

PEOPLE

AF

FECTED(LAKH)

Houses & buildings, partially or Totally damaged

2,449,8782,049,277

2,919,380

242,533782,340

1,019,9301,190,109

570,969

1,529,9161,051,223

2,088,3552,376,693

1,103,5491,563,405

3,104,0642,736,355

846,878

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17YEA RS

NO.

NO. YEAR

1 1985

2 1986

3 1987

4 1988

5 1989

6 1990

7 1991

8 1992

9 1993

10 1994

11 1995

12 1996

13 1997

14 1998

15 1999

16 2000

17 2001


Sou

rce

:AnnualRe

ports,

NDMD

iv

ision,

MinistryofAgriculture



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DAMAGE CROP AREA IN Ha

4.220.042.24

3.920 0 0.57 0 0 0.25 0

4.35

19.2

34.79

0

10

20

30

40

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

STATES

AREADAM

AGED

CATTLE LIVES LOST

536891310 1861406 0 690 0 147 0 0 888

83630102121

0

50000

100000

150000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

STATES

LIVESLOST

ESTIMATED VALUE OF PUBLIC PROPERTIES(CRORES)

776 792.1

389.72 389.72

0

500

1000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

STATES

VAL

UE

HUMAN LIVES LOST

25726 32 0 27411614915275 13 7 11462

1474

3048

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

STATES

NO

OF

LIVES

ESTIMATED VALUE OF CROPS (RS IN CRORES)

94.52 0 222.810 0 27.43 0

38664210.76

0

2000

4000

6000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

STATES

VALUE

STATES

1.ANDHRA PRADESH

2.ARUNCHAL PRADESH

3.ASSAM

4.BIHAR

5.GUJRAT

6.HIMANCHAL PRADESH

7.KARNATKA9.KERALA

10 MADHYA PRADESH

11 PUNJAB

12. SIKKIM

13. UP

14. WEST BENGAL

15. TOTAL

DAMAGE DUE TO HEAVY RAINS, LANDSLIDES AND FLOOD DURING SOUTH-

WEST MONSOON-2000



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Wind & cyclone- EQ-very high risk zone-NFZ

Wind & cyclone-B- EQ-very high risk zone-FZ



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NATIONAL OBJECTIVES IN DISASTER

MANAGEMENT

To make Disaster Management an integralpart of National Development AgendaTo create an Institutional Framework forrisk Reduction

To enhance capacities in Government,Communities and Civil Society to mitigatedisasters in multi-hazard zonesTo facilitate HRD on Disaster Management(Capacity Building and Training activities)

To sensitize Peoples Representatives on theneed for DisasterManagement Knowledge networking onDisaster Management.

Source: Monthly Newsletter of the Ministry of Home

Affairs, (National Disaster Management Division)

Government of IndiaEdition 1 - September 2003


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NEED OF NATIONAL POLICY FOR

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

A large number of Govt. of India ministries get involved in the aftermathof disastersThe government response are handled by different departments which areunder different ministries.Assessment of the damages is not an organized affairOur relief manuals (if at all they are available) are in many cases acentury old, with minor modifications in provisions by executive orders,

and like the contingency plans are marked Secret.vulnerability Atlas of India is heavily priced , and hardly available topeopleThe "Right to Information" for people is not available in matters that affecttheir lives even in emergencies.No initiatives by the states to have a disaster management plan before adisaster.

Despite the stated desires, the NGOs (voluntary sector) has neither beeninvolved nor its initiatives or contributions recognised as a matter of policy

FOR THESE REASONS ,THERE IS "NEED FOR A NATIONAL POLICY ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT"THAT WILL INTEGRATE EFFORTS

Source: Working Group on Disasters set up by CAPART, 1995


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DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

DISASTER

RESPONSE

RECOVERY

MITIGATION

PREVENTION

PREPAREDNESS


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Documents

1. Overview of Disasters