GROUP 6GPS AND COMPASS

1. Megasari Widyastuti (08/XII Gp B)

2. M. Yusuf Setiawan (10/XII Gp B)

3. Rizky Kurnia R (24/XII Gp B)

4. Yuda Rahmat S (31/XII Gp B)

GPS

A. DEFINITION OF GPSThe Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based global navigation satellite system that provides reliable and time information in all weather and at all times and anywhere on or near the Earth when and where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

B. THE BASIC OF GPS  The Basics of GPS to determine the position is

measuring delay time transmision a signal by receiver, cross with the signal velocity. So we’ll get a receiver distance relative toward the satelite. To be found X, Y, and Z coordinate, receiver need monitoring from three satelites, and once observasion from forth sateleite needed the acurate prediction.

C. GPS ELEMENT

GPS has 3 parts : Space Segment, The User Segment, and The Control Segment.

Space Segment dari sistem terdiri atas satelit GPS. Space vehicles (SVs) ini mengirimkan signal radio dari angkasa.

GPS control, atau ground segment terdiri atas stasiun monitor tanpa manusia berlokasi di sekeliling bumi.

GPS User Segment terdiri atas receiver GPS dan komunitas pengguna. Receiver GPS dapat dibawa atau di-instal pada pesawat, tank, kapal selam, mobil, dan truk. Receiver ini mendeteksi, mendekode, dan memroses signal satelit GPS.

D. GPS RECEIVER

GPS Receiver should be detection and converting signal that have been transmitted from among satelite in useful measurment.

GPS Receiver converting signal SV to be position, velocity, and estimation time. Four satellite needed for measuring forth dimension X, Y, Z (position) and time. GPS Receiver is used for navigation, positioning, time dissemination, and other research.

E. GPS DATA Format Message Satelit GPS Reciever that usually recently used commonly is all-in-view, in the meaning it tries searching among satellite with the continous view. Receiver shown the navigation message continously, searching the data content change subframe 1, 2, or 3.

F. USEFULNESS OF GPS IN A SPECIFIC FIELD

GPS in MilitaryThis equipment carried by the

infantry, placed on each vehicle to facilitate the coordination of combat maneuvers and tactics used. With the help of GPS, the position of each unit can be known precisely so that it will facilitate preparation of combat strategy. And also GPS used to determine its position and determine the direction toward the enemy. 

Sailing and Aviation 

At sea GPS also plays an important role for sailors and fishermen for their boats do not get lost and problems that have faced for hundreds to determine precisely the position finally solved. In the event of accident or emergency conditions the use of GPS will be helpful for a ship can be found quickly.

And also for aviation or plane flight, GPS used for monitoring the determining of position and direction so that the entry into restricted airspace  and also for heightness.

Public Service

In many countries GPS is commonly used by police officers, firefighters, rescue squads or so in the event a matter that requires quick handling, it can be immediately known which units are in a position closest to the scene.

Commercial 

In addition to things that are not commercially as above GPS is also used for commercial purposes such as courier services, taxis and other services will help to improve the quality of service from the services concerned. 

Mapping and Survey For areas that have not been carefully mapped,

GPS can help determine the exact location (although unable to show map) so that the people conducting the survey will not be lost. With the help of GPS is also a person can make a map of an area more easily. 

Application

There is now a lot of manufacturers of GPS receivers, nearly all mobile phone manufacturers also make a GPS system, several other companies only focus on GPS systems like the Magellan, Garmin, etc.. In addition to the GPS receiver based on the hardware (built-in software), there is also a GPS receiver based on the hardware and software.

COMPASS

A. DEFINITIONCompass is the direction pointing

device used to determine magnetic north. Due to the nature magnetic, a compass needle would point north-south direction (if not affected by magnetic forces other than the Earth's magnetic).

B. INCLINATIONInclination is the inclination compass

needle caused by differences in geographic location of a region on the earth's poles. Heeling angle will be almost 0 (horizontal) when we are near / around the equator, and large increases when approaching the poles of the earth

C. DECLINATION Declination is the angle formed by

the direction of the compass north and true north (geographic north) as a result of not berimpitnya point magnetic north and geographic north point. The amount of declination sector in a region generally indicated on the topographic map area.

D. THE PARTS OF GEOLOGY COMPASS

E. THE USEFULNESS OF COMPASS

Example use of the compass directly in the field as follows:

i. River navigationii. Reading mapsiii. Taking an angle direction, etc.

F. STRIKE & DIP DIRECTION

Strike is the direction of the spread rock degrees. Which can noticewhere the spread plains of rock in the fields.

G. STRIKE

Look for the rock area that rather flatten (you can use the clipboard)

Look for a rather flat area of rock (for a flat, you can use the clipboard as a base board)

Attach the E (East) into the rock bodies on the field with compass arm in the direction of strike.

Slide it until the air bubble at the level of rounded (bull's eye level) right in the middle.

Read the indicated degrees north needle (is a needle that points north when you're facing north)

H. DIP Attach the W (West) into the field of rock

bodies with compass compass arm perpendicular strike.

On the behind of the compass is a small lever to rotate the tube level (clinometer level). Rotate the tube until the bubble level right in the middle.

Read the indicated degree / clinometer degrees (remember, the maximum degrees dip 90 degrees).

I. AZIMUTH

Compass held with the left hand waist-high Compass is made horizontal (with the help nefo eye

beef) and maintained during the observation The slope of an open set of approximately 135 °

facing forward and the sighting arm is opened horizontally with the peep sight is established

Agency played in such and coincides with the end of the sighting arm and the center line on the mirror. It is important to remember that not only played the hand with a compass but the whole body.

Read the northern compass needle, after the needle is not moving. The result of reading is the direction in question.

Kompas dipegang dengan tangan kiri setinggi pinggang Kompas dibuat horizontal (dengan bantuan nefo mata sapi) dan

dipertahankan selama pengamatan Kemiringan diatur terbuka kurang lebih 135° menghadap ke depan dan

sighting arm dibuka horizontal dengan peep sight ditegakkan Badan diputar sedemikian dan berimpit dengan ujung sighting arm dan garis

tengah pada cermin. Sangat penting diingat bahwa bukan hanya tangan dengan kompas yang diputar tetapi seluruh badan.

Baca jarum utara kompas, setelah jarum tidak bergerak. Hasil bacaan adalah arah yang dimaksud.

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION