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Investigating Tuart WoodlandsInvestigating Tuart Woodlands

Tuart Survey TrainingTuart Survey Training

Friends of Trigg Bushland IncFriends of Trigg Bushland Inc

www.triggbushland.org.auUpdated 2011

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IntroductionIntroduction

Survey to provide detailed record of Tuart Survey to provide detailed record of Tuart status for baseline purposesstatus for baseline purposes

Complement earlier work by Tuart Complement earlier work by Tuart Response Group and the Tuart Atlas Response Group and the Tuart Atlas

Assistance from City of Stirling and DEC Assistance from City of Stirling and DEC and THRG/Centre of Excellence for Forest and THRG/Centre of Excellence for Forest HealthHealth

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What is Trigg Bushland?What is Trigg Bushland?

A Class ReserveA Class Reserve Managed by the City of Stirling Managed by the City of Stirling (Friends of (Friends of

Trigg Bushland act only as volunteers and can only make Trigg Bushland act only as volunteers and can only make recommendations to the City of Stirling)recommendations to the City of Stirling)

144 hectares144 hectares Only urban bushland that reaches from Only urban bushland that reaches from

the shoreline to forested dunesthe shoreline to forested dunes Contains rare flora and areas classed as Contains rare flora and areas classed as

‘pristine’‘pristine’

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Scope of the survey Scope of the survey (Trigg Bushland image courtesy of City of Stirling)(Trigg Bushland image courtesy of City of Stirling)

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Topics for discussionTopics for discussion

Purpose and methodology Purpose and methodology overviewoverview

Tools and measuring techniquesTools and measuring techniques Recording the dataRecording the data Ground rulesGround rules Progress to dateProgress to date

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PurposePurpose

To provide ‘baseline’ data for forest To provide ‘baseline’ data for forest decline and/or regenerationdecline and/or regeneration

To ‘fill in the gaps’ of aerial surveys, eg, To ‘fill in the gaps’ of aerial surveys, eg, Tuart AtlasTuart Atlas

To provide data for future management To provide data for future management plans, eg fire control and ‘dieback’ plans, eg fire control and ‘dieback’ managementmanagement

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MethodologyMethodology Volunteers walk a grid through each Volunteers walk a grid through each

section of bush.section of bush. Each tuart is identified and photographed Each tuart is identified and photographed

while a GPS is adjacent to the tree.while a GPS is adjacent to the tree. Details of the tuart and understorey are Details of the tuart and understorey are

recorded on the data collection sheet.recorded on the data collection sheet. The photographs and the GPS tracks are The photographs and the GPS tracks are

matched using OziExplorer and matched using OziExplorer and OziPhotoTool software.OziPhotoTool software.

All the data are combined into Excel All the data are combined into Excel Spreadsheet.Spreadsheet.

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Topics for discussionTopics for discussion

Purpose and methodology overviewPurpose and methodology overview Tools and measuring techniquesTools and measuring techniques Recording the dataRecording the data Ground rulesGround rules Progress to dateProgress to date

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Tools you will needTools you will need

Hand held GPSHand held GPS Digital CameraDigital Camera ClipboardClipboard Recording Sheets and pen/pencilRecording Sheets and pen/pencil Map with 10m grid markedMap with 10m grid marked Measuring tape or scale on clipboardMeasuring tape or scale on clipboard Measuring stick for estimating tree heightMeasuring stick for estimating tree height

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Data collection sheetData collection sheet

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FieldField map with 10m gridmap with 10m grid

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GPS setupGPS setup Ensure satellite reception and check error Ensure satellite reception and check error

– should be less than 5 metres. – should be less than 5 metres. Take photograph of GPS showing current Take photograph of GPS showing current

date and time before beginning. date and time before beginning. Note: if Note: if this is not done, this is not done, all data collected will be all data collected will be invalidinvalid..

Ensure GPS is set to correct datum (WGS Ensure GPS is set to correct datum (WGS 84) and measurement is in metres – ask 84) and measurement is in metres – ask for assistance.for assistance.

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Record photo of GPS showing date Record photo of GPS showing date and timeand time

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Some tipsSome tips Ensure GPS has fresh batteries Ensure GPS has fresh batteries Turn on GPS at beginning of survey and Turn on GPS at beginning of survey and

leave it on, ensuring it is not obscuredleave it on, ensuring it is not obscured Make sure GPS is next to the tree being Make sure GPS is next to the tree being

photographed, holding it flat so that the photographed, holding it flat so that the antenna has ‘free sky’antenna has ‘free sky’

Photo and GPS point are linked by the time Photo and GPS point are linked by the time stampstamp so the quality and aesthetics of the so the quality and aesthetics of the photo are not importantphoto are not important

Plan your track so that extraneous points Plan your track so that extraneous points are minimizedare minimized

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What is wrong?What is wrong?– Hand is over the antenna zoneHand is over the antenna zone– GPS should be horizontalGPS should be horizontal

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Measured features & techniquesMeasured features & techniques

Tree heightTree height Tree diameterTree diameter Number of trunksNumber of trunks Growth StageGrowth Stage Tree healthTree health Canopy densityCanopy density Understorey disturbanceUnderstorey disturbance Weed invasion and major Weed invasion and major

speciesspecies

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Measuring tree height with stick Measuring tree height with stick methodmethod

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Tree diameterTree diameter

Measure diameter of Measure diameter of largest trunk directly largest trunk directly oror

Use soft tape for Use soft tape for circumference and circumference and divide by pidivide by pi

Take measurement Take measurement 1.5m above ground 1.5m above ground levellevel

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Number of trunksNumber of trunks

Count all trunks Count all trunks coming from coming from groundground

Record number of Record number of dead trunks in dead trunks in commentscomments

This is an example of a tuart with extensive fire damage, four trunks, one of which (far right) is dead,

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Example: Single trunk, recovery Example: Single trunk, recovery from fire.from fire.

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Example: Healthy growth from Example: Healthy growth from burnt stump, burnt stump,

This is an example of a tuart with some fire damage, four trunks, two of which are dead. You can see mature healthy leaves.

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Example: Twin trunk healthy TuartExample: Twin trunk healthy Tuart

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Growth stageGrowth stage Seedling – juvenile leaf, soft woodSeedling – juvenile leaf, soft wood Juvenile - adult leaf, soft woodJuvenile - adult leaf, soft wood Mature – adult leaf, hard woodMature – adult leaf, hard wood Regrowth – juvenile leaf, hard woodRegrowth – juvenile leaf, hard wood

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Juvenile leaf – heart shaped Mature leaf – sickle shaped

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Tree healthTree health

HealthyHealthy StressedStressed DeadDead

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Measuring canopy densityMeasuring canopy density

Estimate in increments of 10%Estimate in increments of 10%

Provides indication of health statusProvides indication of health status

Affects plant and animal populations in Affects plant and animal populations in understoreyunderstorey

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An example to show how you can estimate the density by looking at a small area.An example to show how you can estimate the density by looking at a small area.After Compton (1962)After Compton (1962)

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Example: 30% canopyExample: 30% canopy

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Example: 50% Example: 50% canopycanopy

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Example: 90% canopyExample: 90% canopy

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Understorey disturbanceUnderstorey disturbance

Estimate using scale of low, moderate or Estimate using scale of low, moderate or high high

Note extent of weed invasion Note extent of weed invasion Identify major weeds – you will receive Identify major weeds – you will receive

assistance and learn the major weeds that assistance and learn the major weeds that are likely to be present.are likely to be present.

Note physical disturbance, eg, earthworks, Note physical disturbance, eg, earthworks, pathways, rubbishpathways, rubbish

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Example: Seedling with low Example: Seedling with low disturbance of ground coverdisturbance of ground cover

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Example: Mature Tuart with high Example: Mature Tuart with high disturbancedisturbance

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Topics for discussionTopics for discussion

Purpose and methodology overviewPurpose and methodology overview Tools and measuring techniquesTools and measuring techniques Recording the dataRecording the data Ground rulesGround rules Progress to dateProgress to date

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Recording dataRecording data

Use actual measurement or scaled Use actual measurement or scaled estimate wherever possible. estimate wherever possible.

Use metric measurements with unit of Use metric measurements with unit of measurement as specified on data measurement as specified on data collection sheet (eg height in metres, collection sheet (eg height in metres, diameter in centimetres)diameter in centimetres)

Estimates should be agreed between team Estimates should be agreed between team members (or averaged where there is members (or averaged where there is disagreement)disagreement)

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GPS tracks for 3 teams (10m grid)GPS tracks for 3 teams (10m grid)

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Tabular data in ExcelTabular data in Excel

Index Date Data Collected bySurvey setField Sheet Locality

metres east

metres north Height Diameter

Number of trunks Stage Health Canopy

Understory Disturbance

1 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382657 6472882 12 70 3 Mature Healthy 60 Low Pelargonium2 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382657 6472882 16 70 2 Mature Healthy 60 Moderate Fumitory3 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382657 6472882 16 80 1 Mature Healthy 30 High Pelargonium4 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382657 6472882 16 40 3 Regrowth Stressed 25 High Pelargonium5 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382696 6472885 8 30 1 Regrowth Stressed 60 Moderate Pelargonium6 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382696 6472885 8 30 1 Mature Healthy 50 Moderate Pelargonium7 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382696 6472885 18 50 2 Mature Healthy 40 High Pelargonium8 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382696 6472885 17 35 2 Mature Stressed 10 Moderate Pelargonium9 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382696 6472885 17 30 1 Mature Healthy 20 Moderate Pelargonium

10 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382696 6472885 17 40 3 Mature Healthy 20 High Pelargonium11 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382696 6472885 15 25 1 Mature Healthy 20 High Freesia12 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 18 45 2 Mature Healthy 30 High Carnation Weed13 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 15 20 2 Regrowth Stressed 5 Moderate Pelargonium14 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 10 40 2 Regrowth Stressed 40 Moderate Pelargonium15 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 18 30 2 Mature Healthy 25 Moderate Pelargonium16 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 20 40 3 Mature Healthy 30 Moderate Pelargonium17 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 2.5 3 1 Juvenile Healthy 5 Moderate Pelargonium18 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 18 40 2 Mature Healthy 60 Moderate Pelargonium19 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 15 30 2 Mature Healthy 50 Low Pelargonium20 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 3.5 10 2 Juvenile Healthy 30 Low none21 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 18 40 1 Mature Healthy 30 Moderate Pelargonium22 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 18 40 1 Mature Healthy 30 Moderate Pelargonium23 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 18 40 1 Mature Healthy 30 Moderate Pelargonium24 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 18 40 1 Mature Healthy 30 Moderate Pelargonium25 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 18 40 1 Mature Healthy 30 Moderate Pelargonium26 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 18 40 1 Mature Healthy 30 Moderate Pelargonium27 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 5 10 1 Juvenile Healthy 30 Moderate Pelargonium28 20061015 Peter PeterA 1 Duart Arnott 382699 6472890 5 10 1 Juvenile Healthy 30 Moderate Pelargonium29 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382477 6472269 8 20 11 Mature 70 Low Wild Oats30 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382480 6472267 6 20 2 Mature Stressed 30 Low Wild Oats31 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382465 6472255 7 30 9 Mature 50 Low Wild Oats32 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382452 6472257 5 10 3 Mature Healthy 60 Low Bridal Creeper33 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382456 6472268 9 30 3 Mature 50 Low Bridal Creeper34 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382441 6472264 5 20 2 Mature Stressed 50 Low Carnation Weed35 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382480 6472251 4 20 3 Mature Stressed 40 Low Pelargonium36 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382474 6472246 7 30 6 Mature 40 Low Carnation Weed37 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382468 6472246 9 35 7 Mature 60 High Carnation Weed38 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382460 6472246 11 32 1 Mature 60 Moderate Pelargonium39 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382460 6472246 11 35 8 Mature 40 High Couch40 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382458 6472238 10 32 9 Mature 40 Moderate Pelargonium41 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382453 6472242 11 20 4 Mature 40 High Pelargonium42 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382450 6472248 12 35 1 Mature Healthy 70 Low Pelargonium43 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382447 6472244 10 35 5 Mature 30 Low None44 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382441 6472243 10 15 9 Mature 40 None None45 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382432 6472241 9 28 7 Mature 30 None None46 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382429 6472239 5 12 2 Mature 20 None None47 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382425 6472238 8 35 1 Mature 60 low Bridal Creeper48 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382478 6472234 5 10 3 Mature 20 None None49 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382479 6472236 10 20 4 Mature 70 None None50 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382472 6472228 2 4 1 Mature 50 None None51 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382470 6472224 2 2 Mature 30 low Pelargonium52 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382477 6472224 10 15 7 Mature 40 low Pelargonium53 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382473 6472226 9 10 1 Mature 10 low Pelargonium54 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382461 6472237 10 15 1 Mature 20 None None55 20061019 Nina & IanIan 2 Elliot_WestCoast 382451 6472239 10 25 8 Mature 50 low Bridal Creeper

Header

Weed

Tree features Ground features

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Topics for DiscussionTopics for Discussion

1.1. Purpose and methodology overviewPurpose and methodology overview

2.2. Tools and measuring techniquesTools and measuring techniques

3.3. Recording the dataRecording the data

4.4. Ground rulesGround rules

5.5. Progress to dateProgress to date

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Safety Ground RulesSafety Ground Rules

Stay in teams.Stay in teams. Know where you are.Know where you are. Have a mobile phone.Have a mobile phone. Wear long pants and stout shoes. (School Wear long pants and stout shoes. (School

clothing is not appropriate as it may be clothing is not appropriate as it may be damaged.)damaged.)

Wear a hat and glasses or sunglasses.Wear a hat and glasses or sunglasses. Do not try to go too fast. The bush can be Do not try to go too fast. The bush can be

dense and difficult to get through. Avoid dense and difficult to get through. Avoid hurting yourself by moving slowly.hurting yourself by moving slowly.

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Ground Rules: Key Points to take Ground Rules: Key Points to take awayaway

It is important to make clear records – It is important to make clear records – data must be written neatly and be data must be written neatly and be accurateaccurate

Dress and act in a manner that will ensure Dress and act in a manner that will ensure your safetyyour safety

Although it is good fun, tuart mapping is a Although it is good fun, tuart mapping is a scientific exercise and attention must be scientific exercise and attention must be kept to the task at hand.kept to the task at hand.

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Topics for DiscussionTopics for Discussion

1.1. Purpose and methodology overviewPurpose and methodology overview

2.2. Tools and measuring techniquesTools and measuring techniques

3.3. Recording the dataRecording the data

4.4. Ground rulesGround rules

5.5. Progress to dateProgress to date

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Duart Arnott Duart Arnott progress:progress:

Data collection Data collection completecomplete

Data entry and Data entry and validation validation completecomplete

Data submitted Data submitted to DEC and Tuart to DEC and Tuart Health Research Health Research Group Group (Murdoch/DEC) (Murdoch/DEC)

Tuart recording sites in Duart-Arnott

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King Albert progress:King Albert progress: Data collection not yet Data collection not yet

completecomplete

Data entry and Data entry and validation in progressvalidation in progress

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Elliot progress: Elliot progress: Data collection Data collection commencedcommenced

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St Mary’s St Mary’s progress:progress:

Data collection Data collection commencedcommenced

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The end – The end –

- thank you !- thank you !