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Human Computer Interaction
Week 1Introduction to Human Computer Interaction
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Syllabus Introduction to HCI Users User Interface Design Human-Computer Dialogue Interaction Devices and
Input-Output Interaction Design Support Prototyping Evaluation
Usability Concept Web Usability E-Commerce Site Design Information Search and
Visualization Multimedia Interface
Design Groupware and CSCW
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Assessments
Assignment: 30% Mid-Term Examination: 30% Final Examination: 40%
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References
Preece, J. et-al. 1994, Human-Computer Interaction, Addison-Wesley, Wokingham
Dix, A, Finlay, J., Abowd, G. & Beale, R. 2004, Human-Computer Interaction, 3rd ed., Prentice Hall, New York
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Why HCI? The Changing Computing Environment In the 1950/60s
Computing resources were expensive
Computers operated by highly trained professionals
In the 1990/2000s Computing resources are cheap Computers are operated by
non-computer experts
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Visibility and Affordance
Two principles that help to ensure good HCI (Norman 1988, 1992): Visibility: Controls need to be visible,
with good mapping with their effects. Affordance: Their design should also
suggest (afford) their functionality.
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History of HCI 1970’s: User Interface, or Man-Machine
Interface (MMI) Those aspects of the system that the user
comes in contact with. An input language for the user, an output
language for the machine, and a protocol for interaction.
1990’s: HCI, with broader focus A discipline concerned with the design,
evaluation, and implementation of interactive computer systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them.
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The Challenge of HCI
The advances of technology brings two important challenges to HCI designers: How to keep abreast of changes in
technology. How to ensure their design offers
good HCI.
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Increase individual & organizational productivity
Reduce health hazards and improve safety
Reduce costs associated with the development of user interfaces
Usability is the main concept in HCI Usability is concerned with making
systems safe, easy to learn and easy to use
The Goals of HCI
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HCI Milestones
Xerox Dynabook (early 1970s): book-sized PC with a high resolution color display and a radio link to a world-wide computer network.
Xerox Star (later 1970s): Personal Workstation, desk-sized, used by one individual.
Apple Lisa (Early 1980s): Smaller, cheaper, and more powerful version, developed by Apple.
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The Importance of HCIExample: Retrieving Information
The total time it takes to retrieve a piece of information is the sum of (1) the time for the user to formulate the search, (2) the time it takes for the computer to find and display the information on the screen(3) the time it takes for the user to interpret the information displayed
Improved search algorithmsmay yield 10% improvementin system performance
Improved interfacesmay yield 10 times improvementin user performance
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Factors in HCI User Organizational Environment Health and Safety Comfort
User Interface Task Constrains System
Functionality Productivity
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Supporting Disciplines in HCI
Computer Science Psychology Software Engineering Ergonomics Cognitive Science Artificial Intelligence Social Science
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Designing HCI
User CenteredInvolve users as much as possible
Integrate knowledge and expertise from different disciplines
Highly IterativeThe design does indeed meet users’ requirements
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Further Reading
Preece, chapter 1, 2
