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Executive BranchChapter 13-14
2Bell Ringer Copy down the quote and respond in 10 lines of formal
sentences:
We can use decision-making to choose the habits we want to form, use willpower to get the habit started, then - and this is the best part - we can allow the extraordinary power of habit to take over. At that point, we're free from the need to decide and the need to use willpower. -Gretchen Rubin
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Article II, Section I The executive power shall be vested in a
President of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same term, be elected, as follows:
Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector.
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FramersPg. 374Original DebateSelected by Congress vs. Popular vote
Flawed System
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Chief of StateThe ceremonial head of the government of the United States. The symbol of all of the people of the nation.
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Chief ExecutiveTerm for the President as vested with the executive power of the United States (broad powers in domestic and foreign affairs)
8Commander in ChiefThe commander of our nation’s military
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Chief AdministratorDirector of the executive branch, directs the federal government
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Chief DiplomatMain creator of American foreign policy. Spokesperson to other countries.
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Chief CitizenRepresentative of the people, working for public interest
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Chief of PartyLeader of his political party; real power and influence lives in this role.
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Chief LegislatorThe principal author of the nation’s public policies
Sets the overall shape of the congressional agenda
14Section 1
As chief of state, the President is a symbol of all the people
As chief diplomat, the President is the main author of U.S. policy
As commander in chief of the armed forces, the president has direct control over the military
The president must be a natural born American citizen, at least 35 years of age, and have been a resident of the U.S for at least 14 years
The president serves a four-year term. The 22nd Amendment limits the President to 2 full terms in office
The Presidents salary is over $400,000 per year. He or she also has many benefits, such as living in the White House
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15Section 2
The Presidential Succession Act of 1947 set the order of succession following the Vice President
The 25th Amendment says the Vice President will become acting president if the President becomes disabled
The Vice President’s two formal duties are to preside over the Senate and to decide if the President is disabled
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16Section 3
According to the Framer’s plan, the President and Vice President were to be chosen by a special body of presidential electors. Each elector would cast two electoral votes, one for President and one for Vice President
The rise of political parties caused the electoral college system to fail in the election of 1800. The 12th Amendment changed the electoral college by separating the presidential and vice presidential elections
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17Section 4
The convention was developed by the two major parties rather than by law. The number of delegates from each state is based on the state’s electoral votes
Many states uses a presidential primary to select delegates for the national convention. Some states uses a system of local caucuses and district and/or state conventions
The three main goals of the national convention are naming the party’s candidates, promoting party unity, and adopting the party’s platform
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In a presidential campaign, candidates focus on swing votes and battleground states
The winner of the popular vote may not win the presidency
The Constitution does not require the electors to vote for the candidate who wins the popular vote
If neither candidate wins the majority in the electoral college, the election has to be decided in the House of Representatives
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Under a district plan, two electors form each state would vote in line with the state’s popular vote. Other electors would come from the state’s congressional districts
Under a proportional plan, each candidate’s share of the electoral vote would equal his or her share of the popular vote
Under a direct popular election, each vote in the nation would count equally
The national popular vote plan would ensure that all electoral votes go to the winner of the national popular vote
The electoral college system has three strengths: it is a known process, it identifies the President quickly, and it promotes the nations two party system
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20Directions!
In groups of 3, create a presentation according to your assigned section!Read the section, include the necessary information, and three extra “need to know” facts
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Click to edit Master text styles
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Race to the PresidencyPg. 382StartFundraisingPrimaries and CaucusesNational ConventionsDebatesElection Day
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Presidential PrimariesPresidential Primaries
Presidential Primary Elections Presidential Primary Elections - special - special elections in which voters select candidates to elections in which voters select candidates to be the partybe the party’’s nominee for president in the s nominee for president in the general election.general election.
Primary Season: January-June of election yearPrimary Season: January-June of election year State party organizations decide the rules for State party organizations decide the rules for
the primaries in a particular statethe primaries in a particular state
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Closed PrimaryClosed Primary
Voters may vote in a party's primary only if they Voters may vote in a party's primary only if they are registered members of that partyare registered members of that party
Examples: California, Florida, New Hampshire, Examples: California, Florida, New Hampshire, PennsylvaniaPennsylvania
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Open PrimaryOpen Primary A registered voter may A registered voter may vote in any vote in any party primaryparty primary regardless of his or her regardless of his or her own party affiliationown party affiliation
Crossover voters Crossover voters –– voters voters who usually vote for one who usually vote for one party, vote in the primary party, vote in the primary election of the other partyelection of the other party
Examples: Michigan, Examples: Michigan, Texas, Virginia, Texas, Virginia, WashingtonWashington
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Map of 2012 Primary & Caucus Dates
States with split colors have different systems for Democrats and Republicans. The color on the left represents the Democratic method, the color on the right represents the Republican method.
www.centerforpolitics.org
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VocabularyBalance the ticketElectoral CollegePresidential PrimaryPresidential ElectorsWinner-Take-All (pg. 379)Swing Voters (pg. 386, 388)
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VotingWinner take all vs. Proportional
Battleground statesSwing voters
(See Page 388)
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Vice PresidentThe 25th amendment officially makes the Vice President the successor to the President
The formal duties of the Vice President are to preside over the Senate and decide a presidential disability
31Succession
Presidential succession is the scheme by which a presidential vacancy is filled if a President dies, resigns, or is removed from office.
ORDER: Vice President Speaker of the House President Pro Tempore Secretary of State Secretary of the Treasury Secretary of Defense Attorney General See Page 371
32Directions
Create your own “Road to the Presidency” Board Game
Write the rules on a separate sheet of paper!
Your board game needs to be:AccurateNeatCreativeEasily UnderstoodInclude all steps and setbacks in the
road to the PresidencyUse book page () for help
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Bell Ringer Copy down the quote and respond in 10 lines
of complete sentences:
“Focusing your life solely on making a buck shows a poverty of ambition. It asks too little of yourself. And it will leave you unfulfilled.” ― Barack Obama
34Directions
With a partner, create a political campaign!
Use the information provided and your text book to create the elements detailed.
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Bell Ringer Copy down the quote and respond in 4-5
complete sentences:
“If you're walking down the right path and you're willing to keep walking, eventually you'll make progress.” -Barack Obama
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Bell Ringer Copy down the quote and respond in 10 lines
of complete sentences:
“Change will not come if we wait for some other person or some other time. We are the ones we've been waiting for. We are the change that we seek.” -Barack Obama
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Bell Ringer Copy down the quote and respond in 10 lines
of complete sentences:
I hope our wisdom will grow with our power, and teach us, that the less we use our power the greater it will be. -Thomas Jefferson
38Bell Ringer
Copy down the quote and respond in 10 lines of formal complete sentences:
I'm no longer just a candidate. I'm the President. I know what it means to send young Americans into battle, for I have held in my arms the mothers and fathers of those who didn't return. I've shared the pain of families who've lost their homes, and the frustration of workers who've lost their jobs.” -Barack Obama
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39Quiz Directions
Initial that you understand the procedures:
Put everything except a pencil/pen on the floor under your seat
Do not speak to anyone testing.Put ALL additional materials away in a
zipped bookbag or purse off your lap.When finished, check over your
answers and sit silently until the quiz time is complete
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Executive DepartmentsNomination Process: See Page 407
Expanding Executive Power: See Page 414
Executive Branch: See Page 429Executive Departments over time: Page 436
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Chapter 14 Section 1Article II, Section 1 sets up the
Office of the PresidentThe Growth of Presidential Power
1. The executive power has grown because the federal government’s role has expanded to include such things as health, education, and welfare
The need to act quickly during times of war has also led to the growth in presidential power
42Chapter 14, Section 2: The Executive Powers
The President carries out the laws and may need to interpret the details of a law
The President can give an executive order based on the authority of the Constitution or acts of Congress
The President has the power to appoint ambassadors
The President sometimes uses executive privilege to keep important information private
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Chapter 14, Section 3: Diplomatic and Military Powers The President is the country’s chief
diplomat who helps to prepare treaties, or formal agreements with other countries
The Senate must approve a treaty by a two-thirds majority
An executive agreement does not require approval of Congress
The withdrawal of an American ambassador from a country is often the first step towards war
As commander in chief of the armed forces, the President can send military forces anywhere in the world
Only Congress can declare war
44Chapter 14, Section 4
All bills passed by Congress must be sent to the President to be signed or vetoed
During the annual State of the Union Address, the President recommends legislation to Congress
If the President does not sign or veto a bill before Congress adjourns, this is called a pocket veto
The President can grant a pardon, or legal forgiveness of a crime
The President’s powers to grant reprieves and pardons are called powers of clemency.
When President Carter pardoned Vietnam War draft evaders, he granted amnesty to them.
45Chapter 15, Section 1
The bureaucracy is like a pyramid, with each level reporting to the one above it
Almost all of the federal bureaucracy is found in the executive branch
Agencies that make up the Cabinet are called departments
A line agency performs tasks and has goals to meet
A staff agency supports the President and other administrators
46Chapter 15, Section 2
The employees in the Executive Office of the President advise and assist the President in the day to day work of the executive branch
The Chief of Staff lead the White House The National Security Council advises the
President about military and foreign policy related to the nation’s security
The Office of Management and Budget prepares the federal budget each year
Many other offices are part of the EOP. For example, the Council of Economic Advisors advises the President on the Nation’s economy
47Bell Ringer
Copy down the quote and respond in 10 lines of complete sentences:
The presidency is the most visible thread that runs through the tapestry of the American government. More often than not, for good or for ill, it sets the tone for the other branches and spurs the expectations of the people. -Mike Pence
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Directions
Complete the handout provided!
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ClosureWhat are the key responsibilities of the President?
What are the President’s powers?
What is bureaucracy?
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Taxes and the Constitution
Constitution booklet page 11Government book page C6 (in the front)
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DirectionsRead Barack Obama’s speech and answer the questions
Highlight important changes or key information
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Bell Ringer Copy down the quote and respond 10
complete sentences:
“Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man's character, give him power.” -Abraham Lincoln
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55Bell Ringer
Copy down the quote and respond in 10 lines of complete formal sentences!
We, the People, recognize that we have responsibilities as well as rights; that our destinies are bound together; that a freedom which only asks what's in it for me, a freedom without a commitment to others, a freedom without love or charity or duty or patriotism, is unworthy of our founding ideals, and those who died in their defense.Barack Obama
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Taxes and Other RevenueFiscal policy is the various means a government uses to raise and spend money
See page 456Taxes at a Glance: Page 459Progressive Taxes Page 461
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Borrowing and Public Debtprogressive tax-- the higher a person’s income, the higher the tax pg. 459
regressive taxes -- taxes levied at a fixed rate
surplus -- more income that outgodeficit -- shortfall between income and outgoPg. 464 and 465
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58Economics
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) the total value of all final goods and services produces in the country each year (15 trillion)
Inflation: a general increase in prices throughout the economy
Deflation: a general decrease in prices throughout the economyrecession- absence of growth and a shrinking economy (fewer jobs, etc)
monetary policy -- involves controlling the money supply
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Federal SpendingCongress and the President set federal spending (pg. 470)STEPS FOR THE FEDERAL BUDGET:-Presenting the Budget-Creating a Budget Resolution-Setting Appropriations-Approving the Final Budget
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treaty: a formal agreement between two or more sovereign states
The State Department, headed by the Secretary of State, is the President’s main contact with foreign affairs. (pg. 484)Ambassador- official representative of a sovereign state in conducting its foreign affairs
Pgs 483,484, 493
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61The Cabinet
Secretary -- head of an executive department
Attorney General --head of the the Department of Justice
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Complete and number ALL Questions, not the quick write
Chapter 17 Assessment Section 1 on page 487
Chapter 17 Assessment Section 3 on page 503
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Copy down the quote and respond in 10 lines of complete formal sentences:
The price of success is hard work, dedication to the job at hand, and the determination that whether we win or lose, we have applied the best of ourselves to the task at hand. -Vince Lombardi
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POTUS PRESENTATIONS
Democratic and Republican Primary!
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