1 Dental Anatomy Ok

DENTAL DENTAL

ANATOMYANATOMY

1. Anatomy of a tooth.1. Anatomy of a tooth.

a. Anatomical crown- portion of tooth a. Anatomical crown- portion of tooth covered with enamel covered with enamel

Dental Anatomy

Anatomic crownAnatomic crown

b.b. Clinical crownClinical crown- visible part of tooth- visible part of toothabove the gum lineabove the gum line..

Anatomical crown

Clinical crown

Dental Anatomy

c. Rootc. Root

(1) Part of tooth embedded in the(1) Part of tooth embedded in the alveolar process and covered byalveolar process and covered by cementum. cementum.

Dental Anatomy

d. d. Apex- tapered end of root tip.Apex- tapered end of root tip.

e. e. Apical foramen-Apical foramen-opening atopening at

the root tip.the root tip.

Dental Anatomy

3.3. Tissues of the tooth.Tissues of the tooth.a. Enamela. Enamel (1) Makes up anatomic crown. (1) Makes up anatomic crown. (2) Hardest material in the human (2) Hardest material in the human body. body. (3) Incapable of remodeling and (3) Incapable of remodeling and

repair. repair.

Dental Anatomy

Enamel

b.b. DentinDentin(1) (1) Makes up bulk of tooth.Makes up bulk of tooth.

(2)(2) Covered by enamel on crown Covered by enamel on crown and cementum on the root.and cementum on the root.

(3)(3) Not as hard as enamel.Not as hard as enamel.(4) (4) Exposed dentin is often Exposed dentin is often

sensitive to cold, hot, sensitive to cold, hot, air, and air, and touch (via dentinal touch (via dentinal tubules).tubules).

Dental Anatomy

DentinEnamel

Dentinal Tubules

c. Cementumc. Cementum (1) Covers root of tooth. (1) Covers root of tooth. (2) Overlies the dentin and joins (2) Overlies the dentin and joins

the enamel at the cemento-the enamel at the cemento-enamel enamel junction (CEJ).junction (CEJ).

(3)(3) Primary function is to anchor Primary function is to anchor the tooth to the bony socket the tooth to the bony socket with attachment fibers.with attachment fibers.

Dental Anatomy

DentinEnamel

Dentinal Tubules

Cementum

d. Pulpd. Pulp (1) Made up of blood vessels (1) Made up of blood vessels

and nerves entering through and nerves entering through the apical foramen. the apical foramen.

(2) Contains connective tissue, (2) Contains connective tissue, which aids interchange which aids interchange between pulp and dentin. between pulp and dentin.

Dental Anatomy

DentinEnamel

Dentinal Tubules

CementumPulp

4. Periodontium4. Periodontium a. Alveolar process.a. Alveolar process. (1) Bone extensions of the maxillae (1) Bone extensions of the maxillae and and

mandible that supports the mandible that supports the teeth teeth..

(2) Cortical plate is the dense outer (2) Cortical plate is the dense outer layer layer of bone covering the spongy of bone covering the spongy (cancellous) (cancellous) bonebone

Dental Anatomy

DentinEnamel

Dentinal Tubules

CementumPulpAlveolar ProcessCortical Plate

Spongy Bone

b. Periodontal ligaments.b. Periodontal ligaments. (1) Dense connective fibrous (1) Dense connective fibrous

tissues that connect teeth to tissues that connect teeth to the alveolar bone. the alveolar bone.

(2) One end is embedded in (2) One end is embedded in cementum and other end in cementum and other end in bone. bone.

(3) Supports and protects the (3) Supports and protects the tooth from tooth from normal shock.normal shock.

Dental Anatomy

DentinEnamel

Dentinal Tubules


Spongy Bone

Periodontal Ligaments

c. Gingiva - surrounds the teeth c. Gingiva - surrounds the teeth and covers the alveolar process. and covers the alveolar process.

Dental Anatomy

DentinEnamel

Dentinal Tubules


Spongy Bone

Periodontal Ligaments

Gingiva

Types of DentitionTypes of DentitionTypes of DentitionTypes of Dentition

1. Deciduous (baby) teeth1. Deciduous (baby) teeth

a. Twenty ( 20) primary teeth.a. Twenty ( 20) primary teeth.

b. Arches - maxillary and mandibular.b. Arches - maxillary and mandibular.

c. Quadrants - each arch divided in c. Quadrants - each arch divided in half. half.

(1) Maxillary right and left.(1) Maxillary right and left.

(2) Mandibular right and left.(2) Mandibular right and left.

d. Teeth in each quadrant.

(1) Central incisor

(2) Lateral incisor

(3) Cuspid

(4) 1st molar

(5) 2nd molar

Deciduous TeethDeciduous Teeth

e. Anterior and posterior teeth.e. Anterior and posterior teeth.

(1) Anterior - centrals, laterals, (1) Anterior - centrals, laterals, and cuspids. and cuspids.

(2) Posterior - molars.(2) Posterior - molars.


f. Numbering system.f. Numbering system. (1) Alphabetical.(1) Alphabetical. (2) Maxillary - patient’s (2) Maxillary - patient’s right to left, “A” thru right to left, “A” thru “J”. “J”. (3) Mandibular - (3) Mandibular -

patient’s left to right, patient’s left to right, “K” thru “T”. “K” thru “T”.


K

L

M

NOP

QR

S

T

A

B

C

DF

H

I

J

EG

R L

MAXILLARY

MANDIBULAR

Types of DentitionTypes of DentitionTypes of DentitionTypes of Dentition

2. Permanent teeth.2. Permanent teeth.

a. Thirty-two (32) permanent a. Thirty-two (32) permanent teeth. teeth.

b. Arches - maxillary b. Arches - maxillary & mandibular. & mandibular.

R L

c. Quadrants.c. Quadrants.

(1) Maxillary right and left.(1) Maxillary right and left.

(2) Mandibular right and left.(2) Mandibular right and left. R L

Permanent TeethPermanent Teeth

d. Teeth in each quadrant.d. Teeth in each quadrant.

(1) Central incisor.(1) Central incisor.

(2) Lateral incisor.(2) Lateral incisor.

(3) Cuspid (canine).(3) Cuspid (canine).


(4) 1st bicuspid(4) 1st bicuspid

(5) 2nd bicuspid(5) 2nd bicuspid

(6) 1st molar(6) 1st molar

(7) 2nd molar(7) 2nd molar

(8) 3rd molar(8) 3rd molar

(wisdom tooth)(wisdom tooth)


e. Anterior and posterior teeth.e. Anterior and posterior teeth. (1) Anteriors - central, (1) Anteriors - central,

lateral and cuspids. lateral and cuspids. (2) Posteriors - bicuspids (2) Posteriors - bicuspids

and molars. and molars.


f. Numbering system.f. Numbering system.

(1) Numerical.(1) Numerical.

(2) Maxillary- patient’s (2) Maxillary- patient’s right to left, number right to left, number 1 thru 16. 1 thru 16.

(2) Mandibular- patient’s (2) Mandibular- patient’s left to right, left to right, number number 17 thru 32. 17 thru 32.

R L


1. Facial - next to cheeks & lips .1. Facial - next to cheeks & lips .

a. Labial- anterior facial.a. Labial- anterior facial.

b. Buccal - posterior facial.b. Buccal - posterior facial.

2. Lingual- next to tongue.2. Lingual- next to tongue.

3. Mesial - towards midline, an imaginary line 3. Mesial - towards midline, an imaginary line between central incisors.between central incisors.

Tooth SurfacesTooth SurfacesTooth SurfacesTooth Surfaces

4. Distal- away from midline. 4. Distal- away from midline.

5. Incisal- cutting edge of anterior teeth.5. Incisal- cutting edge of anterior teeth.

6. Occlusal- chewing surface of the posterior6. Occlusal- chewing surface of the posterior teeth.teeth.


7. Proximal surfaces - mesial 7. Proximal surfaces - mesial or distal surface of a tooth or distal surface of a tooth lying next to another tooth. lying next to another tooth.

8. Interproximal space 8. Interproximal space

(embrasure) - spaces between (embrasure) - spaces between teeth, filled with hard and teeth, filled with hard and soft tissue (interdental papilla). soft tissue (interdental papilla).


9. Cusps- pronounced elevations 9. Cusps- pronounced elevations on the occlusal surfaces of aon the occlusal surfaces of a tooth terminating in a conical or tooth terminating in a conical or rounded surface. rounded surface.


Any QuestionsAny Questions

Dental AnatomyDental Anatomy Types of DentitionTypes of Dentition Tooth SurfacesTooth Surfaces

SUMMARYSUMMARY. .. .

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1 Dental Anatomy Ok